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Gao H, Wang Z, Yang F, Wang X, Wang S, Zhang Q, Liu X, Sun Y, Kong J, Yao J. Graphene-integrated mesh electronics with converged multifunctionality for tracking multimodal excitation-contraction dynamics in cardiac microtissues. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2321. [PMID: 38485708 PMCID: PMC10940632 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac microtissues provide a promising platform for disease modeling and developmental studies, which require the close monitoring of the multimodal excitation-contraction dynamics. However, no existing assessing tool can track these multimodal dynamics across the live tissue. We develop a tissue-like mesh bioelectronic system to track these multimodal dynamics. The mesh system has tissue-level softness and cell-level dimensions to enable stable embedment in the tissue. It is integrated with an array of graphene sensors, which uniquely converges both bioelectrical and biomechanical sensing functionalities in one device. The system achieves stable tracking of the excitation-contraction dynamics across the tissue and throughout the developmental process, offering comprehensive assessments for tissue maturation, drug effects, and disease modeling. It holds the promise to provide more accurate quantification of the functional, developmental, and pathophysiological states in cardiac tissues, creating an instrumental tool for improving tissue engineering and studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Gao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Zhien Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Feiyu Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yubing Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Bhatia A, Hanna J, Stuart T, Kasper KA, Clausen DM, Gutruf P. Wireless Battery-free and Fully Implantable Organ Interfaces. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2205-2280. [PMID: 38382030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Advances in soft materials, miniaturized electronics, sensors, stimulators, radios, and battery-free power supplies are resulting in a new generation of fully implantable organ interfaces that leverage volumetric reduction and soft mechanics by eliminating electrochemical power storage. This device class offers the ability to provide high-fidelity readouts of physiological processes, enables stimulation, and allows control over organs to realize new therapeutic and diagnostic paradigms. Driven by seamless integration with connected infrastructure, these devices enable personalized digital medicine. Key to advances are carefully designed material, electrophysical, electrochemical, and electromagnetic systems that form implantables with mechanical properties closely matched to the target organ to deliver functionality that supports high-fidelity sensors and stimulators. The elimination of electrochemical power supplies enables control over device operation, anywhere from acute, to lifetimes matching the target subject with physical dimensions that supports imperceptible operation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic building blocks of battery-free organ interfaces and related topics such as implantation, delivery, sterilization, and user acceptance. State of the art examples categorized by organ system and an outlook of interconnection and advanced strategies for computation leveraging the consistent power influx to elevate functionality of this device class over current battery-powered strategies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Bhatia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jessica Hanna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tucker Stuart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Kevin Albert Kasper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - David Marshall Clausen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Philipp Gutruf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program (GIDP), The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Sayyad PW, Park SJ, Ha TJ. Bioinspired nanoplatforms for human-machine interfaces: Recent progress in materials and device applications. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 70:108297. [PMID: 38061687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The panoramic characteristics of human-machine interfaces (HMIs) have prompted the needs to update the biotechnology community with the recent trends, developments, and future research direction toward next-generation bioelectronics. Bioinspired materials are promising for integrating various bioelectronic devices to realize HMIs. With the advancement of scientific biotechnology, state-of-the-art bioelectronic applications have been extensively investigated to improve the quality of life by developing and integrating bioinspired nanoplatforms in HMIs. This review highlights recent trends and developments in the field of biotechnology based on bioinspired nanoplatforms by demonstrating recently explored materials and cutting-edge device applications. Section 1 introduces the recent trends and developments of bioinspired nanomaterials for HMIs. Section 2 reviews various flexible, wearable, biocompatible, and biodegradable nanoplatforms for bioinspired applications. Section 3 furnishes recently explored substrates as carriers for advanced nanomaterials in developing HMIs. Section 4 addresses recently invented biomimetic neuroelectronic, nanointerfaces, biointerfaces, and nano/microfluidic wearable bioelectronic devices for various HMI applications, such as healthcare, biopotential monitoring, and body fluid monitoring. Section 5 outlines designing and engineering of bioinspired sensors for HMIs. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for next-generation bioinspired nanoplatforms in extending the potential on HMIs are discussed for a near-future scenario. We believe this review can stimulate the integration of bioinspired nanoplatforms into the HMIs in addition to wearable electronic skin and health-monitoring devices while addressing prevailing and future healthcare and material-related problems in biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasha W Sayyad
- Dept. of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- Dept. of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jun Ha
- Dept. of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea.
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Lin Z, Kireev D, Liu N, Gupta S, LaPiano J, Obaid SN, Chen Z, Akinwande D, Efimov IR. Graphene Biointerface for Cardiac Arrhythmia Diagnosis and Treatment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212190. [PMID: 36965107 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heart rhythm disorders, known as arrhythmias, cause significant morbidity and are one of the leading causes of mortality. Cardiac arrhythmias are frequently treated by implantable devices, such as pacemakers and defibrillators, or by ablation therapy guided by electroanatomical mapping. Both implantable and ablation therapies require sophisticated biointerfaces for electrophysiological measurements of electrograms and delivery of therapeutic stimulation or ablation energy. In this work, a graphene biointerface for in vivo cardiac electrophysiology is reported for the first time. Leveraging sub-micrometer-thick tissue-conformable graphene arrays, sensing and stimulation of the open mammalian heart are demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the graphene biointerface treatment of atrioventricular block (the kind of arrhythmia where the electrical conduction from the atria to the ventricles is interrupted) is demonstrated. The graphene arrays show effective electrochemical properties, namely interface impedance down to 40 Ω cm2 at 1 kHz, charge storage capacity up to 63.7 mC cm-2 , and charge injection capacity up to 704 µC cm-2 . Transparency of the graphene structures allows for simultaneous optical mapping of cardiac action potentials, calcium transients, and optogenetic stimulation while performing electrical measurements and stimulation. The report presents evidence of the significant potential of graphene biointerfaces for advanced cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
| | - Shubham Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Jessica LaPiano
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Sofian N Obaid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Deji Akinwande
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
| | - Igor R Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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