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Asgari A, Jurasz P. Role of Nitric Oxide in Megakaryocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098145. [PMID: 37175857 PMCID: PMC10179655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are the main members of the hematopoietic system responsible for regulating vascular homeostasis through their progeny platelets, which are generally known for maintaining hemostasis. Megakaryocytes are characterized as large polyploid cells that reside in the bone marrow but may also circulate in the vasculature. They are generated directly or through a multi-lineage commitment step from the most primitive progenitor or Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) in a process called "megakaryopoiesis". Immature megakaryocytes enter a complicated development process defined as "thrombopoiesis" that ultimately results in the release of extended protrusions called proplatelets into bone marrow sinusoidal or lung microvessels. One of the main mediators that play an important modulatory role in hematopoiesis and hemostasis is nitric oxide (NO), a free radical gas produced by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase within the mammalian cells. In this review, we summarize the effect of NO and its signaling on megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asgari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2E1, Canada
| | - Paul Jurasz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2E1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2H7, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G-2S2, Canada
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G-2R7, Canada
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Zhang L, Lukowski R, Gaertner F, Lorenz M, Legate KR, Domes K, Angermeier E, Hofmann F, Massberg S. Thrombocytosis as a Response to High Interleukin-6 Levels in cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase I Mutant Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:1820-8. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Robert Lukowski
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Florian Gaertner
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Michael Lorenz
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Kyle R. Legate
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Katrin Domes
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Angermeier
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Franz Hofmann
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
| | - Steffen Massberg
- From the Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (L.Z., F.G., M.L., K.R.L., S.M.); Heart Failure Institute, Research Center for Translational Medicine (L.Z.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (L.Z.), East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Forschergruppe 923, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (R.L., K.D., E.A., F.H., S.M.)
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Pozner RG, Collado S, Jaquenod de Giusti C, Ure AE, Biedma ME, Romanowski V, Schattner M, Gómez RM. Astrocyte response to Junín virus infection. Neurosci Lett 2008; 445:31-5. [PMID: 18771707 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2008] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study of experimental murine encephalitis induced by Junín virus (JV), an arenavirus, we showed increased expression of iNOS by unidentified cells, concomitant with the astrocyte reaction. The specific inhibition of iNOS was associated with greater mortality but lower astrocytosis, suggesting that the protective role of nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by iNOS was related to enhanced astrocyte activation, representing a beneficial cellular response to virus-induced central nervous system damage. In the present work, cultured astrocytes were used to study whether JV infection could trigger iNOS expression and assess its eventual relationship with viral replication, glial fibrilary acidic protein (GFAP) expression levels and the presence of apoptosis. We found that JV infection of astrocytes did not induce apoptosis but produced both increased iNOS synthesis, detected by immunocytochemistry and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, and increased NO, which was indirectly measured by nitrite/nitrate levels. These changes occurred early relative to the increases in GFAP expression, as detected by immunocytochemistry, FACS analysis and RT-PCR. The fact that iNOS inhibition abolished enhanced GFAP expression in infected monolayers suggests that NO was directly involved. In addition, iNOS inhibition enhanced virus replication. Together with data from confocal microscopy, these results suggest that JV induces iNOS expression in infected astrocytes and that the resulting NO has an important role both in reducing viral replication and in enhancing subsequent astrocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G Pozner
- Thrombosis 1 Laboratory, Haematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Kobsar A, Heeg S, Krohne K, Opitz A, Walter U, Böck M, Gambaryan S, Eigenthaler M. Cyclic nucleotide-regulated proliferation and differentiation vary in human hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from healthy persons, tumor patients, and chronic myelocytic leukemia patients. Stem Cells Dev 2008; 17:81-91. [PMID: 18208372 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2007.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although circulating hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are frequently used in therapeutic approaches, many aspects of their cellular biochemistry are still unclear. In the present study, the effects of cyclic nucleotide-elevating agents on HPC proliferation and differentiation were investigated. HPCs from different sources, including healthy persons, patients with tumors (medulloblastoma, seminoma, or multiple myeloma), and patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), were compared. HPCs were isolated by standard leukapheresis procedures and analyzed for proliferation and differentiation into the megakaryocytic and granulocytic lineages. HPCs contained high concentrations of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinases G and A (PKG and PKA, respectively). Whereas PKG was partly down-regulated during culture, the PKA level remained constant. Stimulation of PKG in HPCs isolated from healthy donors or tumor patients resulted in a biphasic reaction: low cGMP concentrations inhibited proliferation and stimulated differentiation into megakaryocytes, whereas high concentrations revealed the opposite effect. In contrast, differentiation into granulocytes was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. Stimulation of PKA inhibited HPC differentiation; however, HPC proliferation was inhibited in controls and stimulated in HPCs from tumor patients. HPCs isolated from CML patients showed a nonhomogeneous reaction pattern to both cyclic nucleotides with high variability between the individual donors. We demonstrated the importance of the source of HPCs for the investigation of proliferation and differentiation. Cyclic nucleotide-regulated pathways are clearly involved in HPC proliferation and differentiation. Pharmacological strategies using cyclic nucleotide-elevating substances to influence HPC growth and differentiation in the bone marrow might support current strategies in HPC recovery from the peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kobsar
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Gabriel Pozner R, Negrotto S, D'Atri LP, Lidia Kotler M, Angela Lazzari M, Martin Gomez R, Schattner M. Prostacyclin prevents nitric oxide-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 145:283-92. [PMID: 15778737 PMCID: PMC1576150 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1 We have previously demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) triggers CD34(+)-derived megakaryocyte apoptosis. We here show that prostacyclin (PGI(2)) inhibits PAPA/NO-induced megakaryocyte death detected by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. 2 The cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, Ro 20-1724, and the permeable analog dibutyryl-cAMP also delayed apoptosis. PGI(2) effect was fully prevented when adenylyl cyclase activity was suppressed by SQ 22536, and partially reversed by the permeable protein kinase A inhibitor PKI 14-22 amide. ELISA showed that while both PGI(2) and NO alone or synergistically raised cAMP, only NO was able to increase intracellular cGMP levels. 3 Treatment of megakaryocytes with PGI(2) abolished both basal and NO-raised cGMP levels. Addition of 8-pCPT-cGMP or activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase by BAY 41-2272 induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner, and ODQ, an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase, prevented both PAPA/NO- or BAY 41-2272-induced apoptosis. Specific cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibition by Zaprinast or suppression of adenylyl cyclase by SQ 22536 enhanced the PAPA/NO proapoptotic effect. 4 PGI(2) completely inhibited NO-mediated generation and the increased activity of the cleaved form of caspase-3. 5 In conclusion, our results demonstrate that contrary to their well-known direct and synergistic inhibitory effects on platelets, PGI(2) and NO regulate opposite megakaryocyte survival responses through a delicate balance between intracellular cyclic nucleotide levels and caspase-3 activity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gabriel Pozner
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, National Research Council (CONICET), Pacheco de Melo 3081 (1425), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Soledad Negrotto
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, National Research Council (CONICET), Pacheco de Melo 3081 (1425), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lina Paola D'Atri
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, National Research Council (CONICET), Pacheco de Melo 3081 (1425), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Lidia Kotler
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Angela Lazzari
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, National Research Council (CONICET), Pacheco de Melo 3081 (1425), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Martin Gomez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute, National University of La Plata, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mirta Schattner
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, National Research Council (CONICET), Pacheco de Melo 3081 (1425), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Author for correspondence:
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