Zheng G, Tang H, Su R, Liang Y, He Z, Zhang J, Deng J, Bai J, Zhong X. A gene missense mutation in diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis with thrombocytopenia: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020;
99:e21941. [PMID:
32991402 PMCID:
PMC7523817 DOI:
10.1097/md.0000000000021941]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL) is a rare condition. Most patients with DPL present dyspnea, cough, expectoration, and hemoptysis. There are few reports of DPL accompanied by thrombocytopenia, whose cause remains unknown.
PATIENT CONCERNS
An 18-year-old male patient presented with recurrent cough, expectoration, and dyspnea for 5 years, and thrombocytopenia was observed during a 2-month follow-up.
DIAGNOSIS
Chest computed tomography showed diffuse patchy shadows in both lungs, and pleural and pericardial effusions. Immunohistochemical lung tissue staining showed lymphatic and vascular endothelial cells positive for D2-40, CD31 and CD34. Routine blood test revealed platelets at 62 × 10 cells/L during follow-up. Bone marrow biopsy was normal. Ultrasound revealed no hepatosplenomegaly. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with DPL accompanied by thrombocytopenia.
INTERVENTIONS
He was treated by subtotal pericardial resection, thoracocentesis, and anti-infective therapy. Oral prednisone was administered for 2 months.
OUTCOMES
The symptoms of cough and shortness of breath were improved, but thrombocytopenia persisted. We investigated the cause of thrombocytopenia. Whole-exome sequencing identified a mutation in exon 3 of the TNFRSF13B gene in this patient.
CONCLUSION
DPL may present with thrombocytopenia and DIC. Patients with thrombocytopenia but not DIC and splenomegaly should be screened for gene mutations.
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