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Wani NA. In vitro embryo production (IVEP) in camelids: Present status and future perspectives. Reprod Biol 2020; 21:100471. [PMID: 33307379 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Camels are a fundamental livestock resource with a significant role in the agricultural economy of dry regions of Asia and Africa. Similarly, llamas and alpacas are an indigenous resource considered as beasts of burden in South America because of their surefootedness and ability to adapt. Camel racing, a highly lucrative and well-organized sport, camel beauty contests, and high demand for camel milk lead to a steady interest in the multiplication of elite animals by in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in this species during the last few decades. Although offspring have been produced from in vitro produced embryos, the technique is still not that well developed compared with other domestic animal species such as cattle. IVEP involves many steps, including the collection of oocytes from either slaughterhouse ovaries or live animals through ultrasound-guided transvaginal aspiration; in vitro maturation of these collected oocytes; collection and preparation of semen for fertilization; culture and passaging of cells for nuclear transfer, chemical activation of the reconstructed embryos, and in vitro culture of embryos up to the blastocyst stage for transfer into synchronized recipients to carry them to term. This review discusses the present status of all these steps involved in the IVEP of camelids and their future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ahmad Wani
- Reproductive Biotechnology Centre, Post Box 299003, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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Mamani-Mango G, Moina Gonzales M, Ramos Hidalgo M, Mendoza Mallma J, Ruiz Béjar J, Rivas Palma V, Mellisho Salas E. Effect of Extender and Freezing Rate on Quality Parameters and In Vitro Fertilization Capacity of Alpaca Spermatozoa Recovered from Cauda Epididymis. Biopreserv Biobank 2018; 17:39-45. [PMID: 30256664 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2018.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In alpacas, improvement of reproductive efficiency of male camelids is limited by the small testicular size, low spermatozoa production, and low quality of semen. In this study we aim to evaluate the effect of two extenders and two freezing rates on post-thaw quality of sperm recovered from alpaca epididymis with two methods (flushing and mincing), and to evaluate the in vitro fertilization (IVF) capacity of frozen sperm selected with two different selection methods (washing and swim-up). Sperm samples were processed with Tris-egg yolk or Bioxcell® extenders and frozen with slow freezing and fast freezing. The oocytes were coincubated with spermatozoa for 72 hours, and cleavage rates were recorded afterward. The results indicated that the recovery method did not influence sperm quality (∼70%). However, total sperm recovery was significantly lower for the flushing method than the mincing method. The sperm quality was influenced by the freezing extender (23.3% vs. 33.2%) and freezing rate (20.9% vs. 35.7%). When comparing different methods of sperm selection for IVF, no differences were observed on cleavage rate except for the fact that the concentration of sperm from swim-up method (20.6%) was significantly lower than the one obtained from the washing method (78.7%). The recovery technique of sperm does not affect sperm quality and the method of fast freezing was shown to be the most effective for cryopreservation of alpaca sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiulfo Mamani-Mango
- 1 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, National Agrarian University La Molina, Lima, Peru.,2 Professional School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - Milagros Moina Gonzales
- 1 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, National Agrarian University La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Martín Ramos Hidalgo
- 1 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, National Agrarian University La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - José Mendoza Mallma
- 3 Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - Jaime Ruiz Béjar
- 3 Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - Victoria Rivas Palma
- 4 Consultant in Biosafety Regulation, DGIA, National Institute of Agrarian Innovation, Lima, Peru
| | - Edwin Mellisho Salas
- 1 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, National Agrarian University La Molina, Lima, Peru
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Ruiz J, Paulo Santayana R, José Mendoza M, Leandra Landeo J, Huamán E, Ticllacuri F, Fidel Mujica L, Silva M, Ratto MH. Effect of oocyte maturation time, sperm selection method and oxygen tension on in vitro embryo development in alpacas. Theriogenology 2017; 95:127-132. [PMID: 28460666 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of in vitro maturation time, sperm selection and oxygen tension on alpaca embryo development. In Experiment I, Cumulus Oocyte- Complexes (COCs) were obtained from abattoir ovaries and in vitro matured in TCM-199 for 24 (n = 217), 28 (215), or 32 h (223) at 38.5 °C, high humidity and 5% CO2 in air. Oocytes from 24 (n = 392), 28 (n = 456) or 32 (n = 368) h groups were in vitro fertilized with epididymal sperm and cultured in SOFaa at 38.5 °C, high humidity and 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2 for 7 days. Embryo development was evaluated on Day 2, 5 and Day 7 of in vitro culture (Day 0 = in vitro fertilization). In Experiment II, a 2 by 2-factorial design was used to determine the effect of sperm selection (Swim-up vs Percoll) and oxygen tension (20% vs 5%) during embryo culture and their interaction on embryo development. COCs were in vitro matured for 32 h at 38.5 °C and 5% CO2 in air and then in vitro inseminated with epididymal sperm processed by swim-up or Percoll. Zygotes were cultured in SOFaa + cumulus cells at 38.5 °C under 20 or 5% of O2 tension and high humidity for 7 days. A total of 235, 235, 253 and 240 oocytes were assigned to: swim-up+20 O2, swim-up+5 O2 or Percoll+20 O2, Percoll+5 O2, groups respectively. The proportion of oocytes reaching MII stage was highest after 32 h of in vitro maturation (P < 0.05). Blastocyst rate (29.1 ± 2.7%) was also highest for COCs matured for 32 h (Exp I). In Experiment II, Blastocysts rate (26.03 ± 4.7; 27.7 ± 4.3; 29.7 ± 3.8 and 27.6 ± 4.2% for swim-up+20 O2, swim-up+5 O2 or Percoll+20 O2, Percoll+5 O2, respectively) was not affected by sperm selection method (P = 0.8), oxygen tension (P = 0.9) or their interaction (P = 0.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ruiz
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - R Paulo Santayana
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru
| | - M José Mendoza
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - J Leandra Landeo
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - Elizabeth Huamán
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - Flamel Ticllacuri
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Peru
| | - L Fidel Mujica
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru
| | - Mauricio Silva
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marcelo H Ratto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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Comparison of differents methods of sperm selection of llama raw semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 173:8-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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