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Dong J, Jassim BA, Milholland KL, Qu Z, Bai Y, Miao Y, Miao J, Ma Y, Lin J, Hall MC, Zhang ZY. Development of Novel Phosphonodifluoromethyl-Containing Phosphotyrosine Mimetics and a First-In-Class, Potent, Selective, and Bioavailable Inhibitor of Human CDC14 Phosphatases. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8817-8835. [PMID: 38768084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Together with protein tyrosine kinases, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) control protein tyrosine phosphorylation and regulate numerous cellular functions. Dysregulated PTP activity is associated with the onset of multiple human diseases. Nevertheless, understanding of the physiological function and disease biology of most PTPs remains limited, largely due to the lack of PTP-specific chemical probes. In this study, starting from a well-known nonhydrolyzable phosphotyrosine (pTyr) mimetic, phosphonodifluoromethyl phenylalanine (F2Pmp), we synthesized 7 novel phosphonodifluoromethyl-containing bicyclic/tricyclic aryl derivatives with improved cell permeability and potency toward various PTPs. Furthermore, with fragment- and structure-based design strategies, we advanced compound 9 to compound 15, a first-in-class, potent, selective, and bioavailable inhibitor of human CDC14A and B phosphatases. This study demonstrates the applicability of the fragment-based design strategy in creating potent, selective, and bioavailable PTP inhibitors and provides a valuable probe for interrogating the biological roles of hCDC14 phosphatases and assessing their potential for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Dong
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Brenson A Jassim
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kedric L Milholland
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zihan Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yiming Miao
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jinmin Miao
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yuan Ma
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jianping Lin
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mark C Hall
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Al-Ghabkari A, Carlson DA, Haystead TAJ, MacDonald JA. Cooperative involvement of zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) and the dual-specificity cell-division cycle 14A phosphatase (CDC14A) in vascular smooth muscle cell migration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.06.583600. [PMID: 38496458 PMCID: PMC10942413 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.06.583600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase with regulatory involvement in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) actin polymerization and focal adhesion assembly dynamics. ZIPK silencing can induce cytoskeletal remodeling with disassembly of actin stress fiber networks and coincident loss of focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-pY397 phosphorylation. The link between ZIPK inhibition and FAK phosphorylation is unknown, and critical interactor(s) and regulator(s) are not yet defined. In this study, we further analyzed the ZIPK-FAK relationship in VSMCs. The application of HS38, a selective ZIPK inhibitor, to coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) suppressed cell migration, myosin light chain phosphorylation (pT18&pS19) and FAK-pY397 phosphorylation as well. This was associated with the translocation of cytoplasmic FAK to the nucleus. ZIPK inhibition with HS38 was consistently found to suppress the activation of FAK and attenuate the phosphorylation of other focal adhesion protein components (i.e., pCas130, paxillin, ERK). In addition, our study showed a decrease in human cell-division cycle 14A phosphatase (CDC14A) levels with ZIPK-siRNA treatment and increased CDC14A with transient transfection of ZIPK. Proximity ligation assays (PLA) revealed CDC14A localized with ZIPK and FAK. Silencing CDC14A showed an increase of FAK-pY397 phosphorylation. Ultimately, the data presented herein strongly support a regulatory mechanism of FAK in CASMCs by a ZIPK-CDC14A partnership; ZIPK may act as a key signal integrator to control CDC14A and FAK during VSMC migration.
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Partscht P, Schiebel E. The diverging role of CDC14B: from mitotic exit in yeast to cell fate control in humans. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114364. [PMID: 37493185 PMCID: PMC10425841 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CDC14, originally identified as crucial mediator of mitotic exit in budding yeast, belongs to the family of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) that are present in most eukaryotes. Contradicting data have sparked a contentious discussion whether a cell cycle role is conserved in the human paralogs CDC14A and CDC14B but possibly masked due to redundancy. Subsequent studies on CDC14A and CDC14B double knockouts in human and mouse demonstrated that CDC14 activity is dispensable for mitotic progression in higher eukaryotes and instead suggested functional specialization. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of how faithful cell division is linked to phosphorylation and dephosphorylation and compare functional similarities and divergences between the mitotic phosphatases CDC14, PP2A, and PP1 from yeast and higher eukaryotes. Furthermore, we review the latest discoveries on CDC14B, which identify this nuclear phosphatase as a key regulator of gene expression and reveal its role in neuronal development. Finally, we discuss CDC14B functions in meiosis and possible implications in other developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Partscht
- Zentrum für Molekulare BiologieUniversität Heidelberg, DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianzHeidelbergGermany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare BiologieUniversität Heidelberg, DKFZ‐ZMBH AllianzHeidelbergGermany
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Partscht P, Simon A, Chen NP, Erhardt S, Schiebel E. The HIPK2/CDC14B-MeCP2 axis enhances the spindle assembly checkpoint block by promoting cyclin B translation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6982. [PMID: 36662865 PMCID: PMC9858502 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitotic perturbations activate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) that keeps cells in prometaphase with high CDK1 activity. Prolonged mitotic arrest is eventually bypassed by gradual cyclin B decline followed by slippage of cells into G1 without chromosome segregation, a process that promotes cell transformation and drug resistance. Hitherto, the cyclin B1 decay is exclusively defined by mechanisms that involve its proteasomal degradation. Here, we report that hyperphosphorylated HIPK2 kinase accumulates in mitotic cells and phosphorylates the Rett syndrome protein MeCP2 at Ser92, a regulation that is counteracted by CDC14B phosphatase. MeCP2S92 phosphorylation leads to the enhanced translation of cyclin B1, which is important for cells with persistent SAC activation to counteract the proteolytic decline of cyclin B1 and therefore to suspend mitotic slippage. Hence, the HIPK2/CDC14B-MeCP2 axis functions as an enhancer of the SAC-induced mitotic block. Collectively, our study revises the prevailing view of how cells confer a sustainable SAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Partscht
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Simon
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Nan-Peng Chen
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Sylvia Erhardt
- Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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Targeted demethylation at ZNF154 promotor upregulates ZNF154 expression and inhibits the proliferation and migration of Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2022; 41:4537-4546. [PMID: 36064578 PMCID: PMC9525237 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger protein 154 (ZNF154) is hypermethylated at the promoter in many epithelial-derived solid tumors. However, its methylation status and function in esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) are poorly understood. We found that the ZNF154 promoter is hypermethylated in ESCC and portends poor prognosis. In addition, ZNF154 functions as a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in ESCC, and is downregulated by promoter hypermethylation. We established a targeted demethylation strategy based on CRISPR/dCas9 technology and found that the hypermethylation of ZNF154 promoter repressed ZNF154 induction, which in turn promoted the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, high-throughput CUT&Tag analysis, GEPIA software and qPCR were used to revealed the role of ZNF154 as a transcription factor to upregulate the expression of ESCC-associated tumor suppressor genes. Taken together, hypermethylation of the ZNF154 promoter plays an important role in the development of ESCC, and epigenetic editing is a promising tool for inhibiting ESCC cells with aberrant DNA methylation.
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Chen HM, MacDonald JA. Death-associated protein kinases and intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 306:1062-1087. [PMID: 35735750 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The family of death-associated protein kinases (DAPKs) and DAPK-related apoptosis-inducing protein kinases (DRAKs) act as molecular switches for a multitude of cellular processes, including apoptotic and autophagic cell death events. This review summarizes the mechanisms for kinase activity regulation and discusses recent molecular investigations of DAPK and DRAK family members in the intestinal epithelium. In general, recent literature convincingly supports the importance of this family of protein kinases in the homeostatic processes that govern the proper function of the intestinal epithelium. Each of the DAPK family of proteins possesses distinct biochemical properties, and we compare similarities in the information available as well as those cases where functional distinctions are apparent. As the prototypical member of the family, DAPK1 is noteworthy for its tumor suppressor function and association with colorectal cancer. In the intestinal epithelium, DAPK2 is associated with programmed cell death, potential tumor-suppressive functions, and a unique influence on granulocyte biology. The impact of the DRAKs in the epithelium is understudied, but recent studies support a role for DRAK1 in inflammation-mediated tumor growth and metastasis. A commentary is provided on the potential importance of DAPK3 in facilitating epithelial restitution and wound healing during the resolution of colitis. An update on efforts to develop selective pharmacologic effectors of individual DAPK members is also supplied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Miin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Justin A MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Khadse A, Haakensen VD, Silwal-Pandit L, Hamfjord J, Micke P, Botling J, Brustugun OT, Lingjærde OC, Helland Å, Kure EH. Prognostic Significance of the Loss of Heterozygosity of KRAS in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:873532. [PMID: 35574381 PMCID: PMC9098994 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a common disease with a poor prognosis. Genomic alterations involving the KRAS gene are common in lung carcinomas, although much is unknown about how different mutations, deletions, and expressions influence the disease course. The first approval of a KRAS-directed inhibitor was recently approved by the FDA. Mutations in the KRAS gene have been associated with poor prognosis for lung adenocarcinomas, but implications of the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of KRAS have not been investigated. In this study, we have assessed the LOH of KRAS in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma by analyzing DNA copy number profiles and have investigated the effect on patient outcome in association with mRNA expression and somatic hotspot mutations. KRAS mutation was present in 36% of cases and was associated with elevated mRNA expression. LOH in KRAS was associated with a favorable prognosis, more prominently in KRAS mutated than in wild-type patients. The presence of both LOH and mutation in KRAS conferred a better prognosis than KRAS mutation alone. For wild-type tumors, no difference in prognosis was observed between patients with and without LOH in KRAS. Our study indicates that LOH in KRAS is an independent prognostic factor that may refine the existing prognostic groups of lung adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Khadse
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø i Telemark, Norway
| | - Vilde D. Haakensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Vilde D. Haakensen,
| | - Laxmi Silwal-Pandit
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julian Hamfjord
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Botling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Odd Terje Brustugun
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Oncology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lingjærde
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åslaug Helland
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elin H. Kure
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø i Telemark, Norway
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8
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Nazarian A, Arbeev KG, Yashkin AP, Kulminski AM. Genome-wide analysis of genetic predisposition to common polygenic cancers. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:315-325. [PMID: 34981446 PMCID: PMC8983541 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers are among the most common and fatal malignancies worldwide. They are mainly caused by multifactorial mechanisms and are genetically heterogeneous. We investigated the genetic architecture of these cancers through genome-wide association, pathway-based, and summary-based transcriptome-/methylome-wide association analyses using three independent cohorts. Our genome-wide association analyses identified the associations of 33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at P < 5E - 06, of which 32 SNPs were not previously reported and did not have proxy variants within their ± 1 Mb flanking regions. Moreover, other polymorphisms mapped to their closest genes were not previously associated with the same cancers at P < 5E - 06. Our pathway enrichment analyses revealed associations of 32 pathways; mainly related to the immune system, DNA replication/transcription, and chromosomal organization; with the studied cancers. Also, 60 probes were associated with these cancers in our transcriptome-wide and methylome-wide analyses. The ± 1 Mb flanking regions of most probes had not attained P < 5E - 06 in genome-wide association studies. The genes corresponding to the significant probes can be considered as potential targets for further functional studies. Two genes (i.e., CDC14A and PMEL) demonstrated stronger evidence of associations with lung cancer as they had significant probes in both transcriptome-wide and methylome-wide association analyses. The novel cancer-associated SNPs and genes identified here would advance our understanding of the genetic heterogeneity of the common cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Nazarian
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Erwin Mill Building, 2024 W. Main St., Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| | - Konstantin G Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Erwin Mill Building, 2024 W. Main St., Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Arseniy P Yashkin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Erwin Mill Building, 2024 W. Main St., Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Alexander M Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Erwin Mill Building, 2024 W. Main St., Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
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Mammalian SIRT6 Represses Invasive Cancer Cell Phenotypes through ATP Citrate Lyase (ACLY)-Dependent Histone Acetylation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091460. [PMID: 34573442 PMCID: PMC8466468 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The modulation of dynamic histone acetylation states is key for organizing chromatin structure and modulating gene expression and is regulated by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes. The mammalian SIRT6 protein, a member of the Class III HDAC Sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent enzymes, plays pivotal roles in aging, metabolism, and cancer biology. Through its site-specific histone deacetylation activity, SIRT6 promotes chromatin silencing and transcriptional regulation of aging-associated, metabolic, and tumor suppressive gene expression programs. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a nucleo-cytoplasmic enzyme that produces acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), which is the required acetyl donor for lysine acetylation by HATs. In addition to playing a central role in generating cytosolic acetyl-CoA for de novo lipogenesis, a growing body of work indicates that ACLY also functions in the nucleus where it contributes to the nutrient-sensitive regulation of nuclear acetyl-CoA availability for histone acetylation in cancer cells. In this study, we have identified a novel function of SIRT6 in controlling nuclear levels of ACLY and ACLY-dependent tumor suppressive gene regulation. The inactivation of SIRT6 in cancer cells leads to the accumulation of nuclear ACLY protein and increases nuclear acetyl-CoA pools, which in turn drive locus-specific histone acetylation and the expression of cancer cell adhesion and migration genes that promote tumor invasiveness. Our findings uncover a novel mechanism of SIRT6 in suppressing invasive cancer cell phenotypes and identify acetyl-CoA responsive cell migration and adhesion genes as downstream targets of SIRT6.
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Gao PP, Qi XW, Sun N, Sun YY, Zhang Y, Tan XN, Ding J, Han F, Zhang Y. The emerging roles of dual-specificity phosphatases and their specific characteristics in human cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188562. [PMID: 33964330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reversible phosphorylation of proteins, controlled by kinases and phosphatases, is involved in various cellular processes. Dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) can dephosphorylate phosphorylated serine, threonine and tyrosine residues. This family consists of 61 members, 44 of which have been identified in human, and these 44 members are classified into six subgroups, the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein phosphatases (PTENs), mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatases (MKPs), atypical DUSPs, cell division cycle 14 (CDC14) phosphatases (CDC14s), slingshot protein phosphatases (SSHs), and phosphatases of the regenerating liver (PRLs). Growing evidence has revealed dysregulation of DUSPs as one of the common phenomenons and highlighted their key roles in human cancers. Furthermore, their differential expression may be a potential biomarker for tumor prognosis. Despite this, there are still many unstudied members of DUSPs need to further explore their precise roles and mechanism in cancers. Most importantly, the systematic review is very limited on the functional/mechanistic characteristics and clinical application of DUSPs at present. In this review, the structures, functions and underlying mechanisms of DUSPs are systematically reviewed, and the molecular and functional characteristics of DUSPs in different tumor types according to the current researches are summarized. In addition, the potential roles of the unstudied members and the possible different mechanisms of DUSPs in cancer are discussed and classified based on homology alignment and structural domain analyses. Moreover, the specific characteristics of their expression and prognosis are further determined in more than 30 types of human cancers by using the online databases. Finally, their potential application in precise diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of different types of cancers, and the main possible problems for the clinical application at present are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ping Gao
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Qi
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Na Sun
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Sun
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130023, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xuan-Ni Tan
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Fei Han
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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11
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Zhang M, Zheng P, Wang Y, Sun B. Two predicted models based on ceRNAs and immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11029. [PMID: 33828913 PMCID: PMC7996073 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well accepted that both competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and immune microenvironment exert crucial roles in the tumor prognosis. The present study aimed to find prognostic ceRNAs and immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Materials and Methods More specifically, we explored the associations of crucial ceRNAs with the immune microenvironment. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was employed to obtain expression profiles of ceRNAs and clinical data. CIBERSORT was utilized to quantify the proportion of 22 immune cells in LUAD. Results We constructed two cox regression models based on crucial ceRNAs and immune cells to predict prognosis in LUAD. Subsequently, seven ceRNAs and seven immune cells were involved in prognostic models. We validated both predicted models via an independent cohort GSE72094. Interestingly, both predicted models proved that the longer patients were smoking, the higher risk scores would be obtained. We further investigated the relationships between seven genes and immune/stromal scores via the ESTIMATE algorithm. The results indicated that CDC14A and H1F0 expression were significantly related to stromal scores/immune scores in LUAD. Moreover, based on the result of the ceRNA model, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) suggested that differences in immune status were evident between high- and low-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyan Zheng
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Partscht P, Uddin B, Schiebel E. Human cells lacking CDC14A and CDC14B show differences in ciliogenesis but not in mitotic progression. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:224108. [PMID: 33328327 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The budding yeast phosphatase Cdc14 has a central role in mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Puzzlingly, a uniform picture for the three human CDC14 paralogues CDC14A, CDC14B and CDC14C in cell cycle control has not emerged to date. Redundant functions between the three CDC14 phosphatases could explain this unclear picture. To address the possibility of redundancy, we tested expression of CDC14 and analysed cell cycle progression of cells with single and double deletions in CDC14 genes. Our data suggest that CDC14C is not expressed in human RPE1 cells, excluding a function in this cell line. Single- and double-knockouts (KO) of CDC14A and CDC14B in RPE1 cells indicate that both phosphatases are not important for the timing of mitotic phases, cytokinesis and cell proliferation. However, cycling CDC14A KO and CDC14B KO cells show altered ciliogenesis compared to wild-type cells. The cilia of cycling CDC14A KO cells are longer, whereas CDC14B KO cilia are more frequent and disassemble faster. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the cell cycle functions of CDC14 proteins are not conserved between yeast and human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Partscht
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.,Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Borhan Uddin
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie, Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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13
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Wen Z, Zhu H, Zhang A, Lin J, Zhang G, Liu D, Xiao Y, Ye C, Sun D, Wu B, Zhang J, Gao J. Cdc14a has a role in spermatogenesis, sperm maturation and male fertility. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112178. [PMID: 32679235 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cdc14a is an evolutionarily conserved dual-specific protein phosphatase, and it plays different roles in different organisms. Cdc14a mutations in human have been reported to cause male infertility, while the specific role of Cdc14a in regulation of the male reproductive system remains elusive. In the present study, we established a knockout mouse model to study the function of Cdc14a in male reproductive system. Cdc14a-/- male mice were subfertile and they could only produce very few offspring. The number of sperm was decreased, the sperm motility was impaired, and the proportion of sperm with abnormal morphology was elevated in Cdc14a-/- mice. When we mated Cdc14a-/- male mice with wild-type (WT) female mice, fertilized eggs could be found in female fallopian tubes, however, the majority of these embryos died during development. Some empty spaces were observed in seminiferous tubule of Cdc14a-/- testes. Compared with WT male mice, the proportions of pachytene spermatocytes were increased and germ cells stained with γH2ax were decreased in Cdc14a-/- male mice, indicating that knockout of Cdc14a inhibited meiotic initiation. Subsequently, we analyzed the expression levels of some substrate proteins of Cdc14a, including Cdc25a, Wee1, and PR-Set7, and compared those with WT testes, in which the expression levels of these proteins were significantly increased in Cdc14a-/- testes. Our results revealed that Cdc14a-/- male mice are highly subfertile, and Cdc14a is essential for normal spermatogenesis and sperm function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhuang Wen
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Haixia Zhu
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Aizhen Zhang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Jing Lin
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Guangkai Zhang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Dongyue Liu
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Chao Ye
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Daqing Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, PR China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Jiangang Gao
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
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14
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Genetic basis for virulence differences of various Cryptosporidium parvum carcinogenic isolates. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7316. [PMID: 32355272 PMCID: PMC7193590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum is known to cause life-threatening diarrhea in immunocompromised hosts and was also reported to be capable of inducing digestive adenocarcinoma in a rodent model. Interestingly, three carcinogenic isolates of C. parvum, called DID, TUM1 and CHR, obtained from fecal samples of naturally infected animals or humans, showed higher virulence than the commercially available C. parvum IOWA isolate in our animal model in terms of clinical manifestations, mortality rate and time of onset of neoplastic lesions. In order to discover the potential genetic basis of the differential virulence observed between C. parvum isolates and to contribute to the understanding of Cryptosporidium virulence, entire genomes of the isolates DID, TUM1 and CHR were sequenced then compared to the C. parvum IOWA reference genome. 125 common SNVs corresponding to 90 CDSs were found in the C. parvum genome that could explain this differential virulence. In particular variants in several membrane and secreted proteins were identified. Besides the genes already known to be involved in parasite virulence, this study identified potential new virulence factors whose functional characterization can be achieved through CRISPR/Cas9 technology applied to this parasite.
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15
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When transcripts matter: delineating between non-syndromic hearing loss DFNB32 and hearing impairment infertile male syndrome (HIIMS). J Hum Genet 2020; 65:609-617. [PMID: 32231217 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-0740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the CDC14A (Cell Division-Cycle 14A) gene, which encodes a conserved dual-specificity protein tyrosine phosphatase, have been identified as a cause of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNB32) and hearing impairment infertility male syndrome (HIIMS). We used next-generation sequencing to screen six deaf probands from six families segregating sensorineural moderate-to-profound hearing loss. Data analysis and variant prioritization were completed using a custom bioinformatics pipeline. We identified three homozygous loss of function variants (p.Arg345Ter, p.Arg376Ter, and p.Ala451Thrfs*43) in the CDC14A gene, segregating with deafness in each family. Of the six families, four segregated the p.Arg376Ter mutation, one family segregated the p.Arg345Ter mutation and one family segregated a novel frameshift (p.Ala451Thrfs*43) mutation. In-depth phenotyping of affected individuals ruled out secondary syndromic findings. This study implicates the p.Arg376Ter mutation might be as a founder mutation in the Iranian population. It also provides the first semen analysis for deaf males carrying mutations in exon 11 of CDC14A and reveals a genotype-phenotype correlation that delineates between DFNB32 and HIIMS. The clinical results from affected males suggest the NM_033313.2 transcript alone is sufficient for proper male fertility, but not for proper auditory function. We conclude that DFNB32 is a distinct phenotypic entity in males.
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16
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The Multiple Roles of the Cdc14 Phosphatase in Cell Cycle Control. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030709. [PMID: 31973188 PMCID: PMC7038166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cdc14 phosphatase is a key regulator of mitosis in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cdc14 was initially described as playing an essential role in the control of cell cycle progression by promoting mitotic exit on the basis of its capacity to counteract the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28/Cdk1. A compiling body of evidence, however, has later demonstrated that this phosphatase plays other multiple roles in the regulation of mitosis at different cell cycle stages. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about the pivotal role of Cdc14 in cell cycle control, with a special focus in the most recently uncovered functions of the phosphatase.
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17
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Hung CS, Wang YC, Guo JW, Yang RN, Lee CL, Shen MH, Huang CC, Huang CJ, Yang JY, Liu CY. Expression pattern of placenta specific 8 and keratin 20 in different types of gastrointestinal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:659-666. [PMID: 31974611 PMCID: PMC6947936 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of keratin 20 (KRT20) and placenta specific 8 (PLAC8) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer with various differentiation phenotypes. The present study retrospectively investigated archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 12 patients at different stages of GI cancer [four with gastric cancer, four with pancreatic cancer and four with colorectal cancer (CRC)]. The stages were pre-determined, according to differentiation phenotypes, by a pathologist of the Department of Pathology at Sijhih Cathay General Hospital. KRT20 and PLAC8 expression levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry. The CRC cell lines SW620 and Caco-2 were used to assess interactions between KRT20 and PLAC8 via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. PLAC8 and KRT20 expression was observed consistently only in the well-differentiated CRC tissue samples. Low KRT20 expression levels were observed in the PLAC8 knockdown SW620 cells. In addition, there was a positive association between PLAC8 and KRT20 expression in the differentiated Caco-2 cells. According to the results of the present study, the differentiation status of GI cancer influenced KRT20 expression, particularly in CRC, which may explain why patients with well-differentiated CRC display better clinical outcomes. Therefore, the prognostic significance of KRT20 and PLAC8 may be particularly crucial for patients with CRC displaying a well-differentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Sheng Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Chieh Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jiun-Wen Guo
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruey-Neng Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei 22174, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Long Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Hung Shen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei‑Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Jung Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jhih-Yun Yang
- Department of Mathematics, Taipei Wego Private Senior High School, Taipei 11254, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Yi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei 22174, Taiwan, R.O.C
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18
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Hu H, Shao D, Wang L, He F, Huang X, Lu Y, Xiang X, Zhu S, Zhang P, Li J, Chen J. Phospho‑regulation of Cdc14A by polo‑like kinase 1 is involved in β‑cell function and cell cycle regulation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4277-4284. [PMID: 31545409 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of polo‑like kinase 1 (PLK1) and the phosphorylation of human cell division cycle protein 14A (Cdc14A) by PLK1 on β‑cell function and cell cycle regulation. Mouse β‑TC3 cells were incubated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down the expression of PLK1. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry, and cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined. Insulin secretion was evaluated by a radioimmunoassay under both low and high glucose conditions. Mouse β‑TC3 cells were transfected with a wild type or a non‑phosphorylatable Cdc14A mutant (Cdc14AS351A/363A; Cdc14AAA) to investigate whether the phosphorylation of Cdc14A is involved in cellular regulation of PLK1 under high glucose conditions. It was found that PLK1 siRNA significantly promoted cellular apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, decreased insulin secretion and reduced Cdc14A expression under both low and high glucose conditions. Cdc14A overexpression promoted β‑TC3 cell proliferation and insulin secretion, while Cdc14AAA overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and insulin secretion under high glucose conditions. PLK1 siRNA partially reversed the proliferation‑promoting effects of Cdc14A and further intensified the inhibition of proliferation by Cdc14AAA under high glucose conditions. Similarly, Cdc14A overexpression partially reversed the insulin‑inhibiting effects of PLK1 siRNA, while Cdc14AAA overexpression showed a synergistic inhibitory effect on insulin secretion with PLK1 siRNA under high glucose conditions. In conclusion, PLK1 promoted cell proliferation and insulin secretion while inhibiting cellular apoptosis in β‑TC3 cell lines under both low and high glucose conditions. In addition, the phospho‑regulation of Cdc14A by PLK1 may be involved in β‑TC3 cell cycle regulation and insulin secretion under high glucose conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Hu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Shao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yanyu Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaona Xiang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Susu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Pianhong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jingsen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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19
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Ramos F, Villoria MT, Alonso-Rodríguez E, Clemente-Blanco A. Role of protein phosphatases PP1, PP2A, PP4 and Cdc14 in the DNA damage response. Cell Stress 2019; 3:70-85. [PMID: 31225502 PMCID: PMC6551743 DOI: 10.15698/cst2019.03.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of genome integrity is fundamental for cellular physiology. Our hereditary information encoded in the DNA is intrinsically susceptible to suffer variations, mostly due to the constant presence of endogenous and environmental genotoxic stresses. Genomic insults must be repaired to avoid loss or inappropriate transmission of the genetic information, a situation that could lead to the appearance of developmental anomalies and tumorigenesis. To safeguard our genome, cells have evolved a series of mechanisms collectively known as the DNA damage response (DDR). This surveillance system regulates multiple features of the cellular response, including the detection of the lesion, a transient cell cycle arrest and the restoration of the broken DNA molecule. While the role of multiple kinases in the DDR has been well documented over the last years, the intricate roles of protein dephosphorylation have only recently begun to be addressed. In this review, we have compiled recent information about the function of protein phosphatases PP1, PP2A, PP4 and Cdc14 in the DDR, focusing mainly on their capacity to regulate the DNA damage checkpoint and the repair mechanism encompassed in the restoration of a DNA lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Ramos
- Cell Cycle and Genome Stability Group. Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG). Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), C/Zacarías González 2, Salamanca 37007, SPAIN
| | - María Teresa Villoria
- Cell Cycle and Genome Stability Group. Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG). Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), C/Zacarías González 2, Salamanca 37007, SPAIN
| | - Esmeralda Alonso-Rodríguez
- Cell Cycle and Genome Stability Group. Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG). Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), C/Zacarías González 2, Salamanca 37007, SPAIN
| | - Andrés Clemente-Blanco
- Cell Cycle and Genome Stability Group. Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG). Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), C/Zacarías González 2, Salamanca 37007, SPAIN
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20
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Imtiaz A, Belyantseva IA, Beirl AJ, Fenollar-Ferrer C, Bashir R, Bukhari I, Bouzid A, Shaukat U, Azaiez H, Booth KT, Kahrizi K, Najmabadi H, Maqsood A, Wilson EA, Fitzgerald TS, Tlili A, Olszewski R, Lund M, Chaudhry T, Rehman AU, Starost MF, Waryah AM, Hoa M, Dong L, Morell RJ, Smith RJH, Riazuddin S, Masmoudi S, Kindt KS, Naz S, Friedman TB. CDC14A phosphatase is essential for hearing and male fertility in mouse and human. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:780-798. [PMID: 29293958 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cell Division-Cycle-14 gene encodes a dual-specificity phosphatase necessary in yeast for exit from mitosis. Numerous disparate roles of vertebrate Cell Division-Cycle-14 (CDC14A) have been proposed largely based on studies of cultured cancer cells in vitro. The in vivo functions of vertebrate CDC14A are largely unknown. We generated and analyzed mutations of zebrafish and mouse CDC14A, developed a computational structural model of human CDC14A protein and report four novel truncating and three missense alleles of CDC14A in human families segregating progressive, moderate-to-profound deafness. In five of these families segregating pathogenic variants of CDC14A, deaf males are infertile, while deaf females are fertile. Several recessive mutations of mouse Cdc14a, including a CRISPR/Cas9-edited phosphatase-dead p.C278S substitution, result in substantial perinatal lethality, but survivors recapitulate the human phenotype of deafness and male infertility. CDC14A protein localizes to inner ear hair cell kinocilia, basal bodies and sound-transducing stereocilia. Auditory hair cells of postnatal Cdc14a mutants develop normally, but subsequently degenerate causing deafness. Kinocilia of germ-line mutants of mouse and zebrafish have normal lengths, which does not recapitulate the published cdc14aa knockdown morphant phenotype of short kinocilia. In mutant male mice, degeneration of seminiferous tubules and spermiation defects result in low sperm count, and abnormal sperm motility and morphology. These findings for the first time define a new monogenic syndrome of deafness and male infertility revealing an absolute requirement in vivo of vertebrate CDC14A phosphatase activity for hearing and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Imtiaz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Inna A Belyantseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alisha J Beirl
- Section on Sensory Cell Development and Function, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cristina Fenollar-Ferrer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Section on Molecular and Cellular Signaling, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rasheeda Bashir
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Bukhari
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Amal Bouzid
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3451, Tunisia
| | - Uzma Shaukat
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Hela Azaiez
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA
| | - Kevin T Booth
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA.,The Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1987513834, Iran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1987513834, Iran
| | - Azra Maqsood
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Elizabeth A Wilson
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Abdelaziz Tlili
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3451, Tunisia
| | - Rafal Olszewski
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Merete Lund
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Taimur Chaudhry
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Atteeq U Rehman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Matthew F Starost
- Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ali M Waryah
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Michael Hoa
- Auditory Development and Restoration Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lijin Dong
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert J Morell
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard J H Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA.,The Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.,Laboratory for Research in Genetic Diseases, Burn Centre, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Saber Masmoudi
- Laboratoire Procédés de Criblage Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3451, Tunisia
| | - Katie S Kindt
- Section on Sensory Cell Development and Function, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Thomas B Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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Tian P, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Guo X, Zhang P, Xue H. Ras-ERK1/2 signaling contributes to the development of colorectal cancer via regulating H3K9ac. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1286. [PMID: 30577849 PMCID: PMC6303919 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS Ras is a control switch of ERK1/2 pathway, and hyperactivation of Ras-ERK1/2 signaling appears frequently in human cancers. However, the molecular regulation following by Ras-ERK1/2 activation is still unclear. This work aimed to reveal whether Ras-ERK1/2 promoted the development of colorectal cancer via regulating H3K9ac. METHODS A vector for expression of K-Ras mutated at G12 V and T35S was transfected into SW48 cells, and the acetylation of H3K9 was measured by Western blot analysis. MTT assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR were performed to detect whether H3K9ac was contributed to K-Ras-mediated cell growth and migration. Furthermore, whether HDAC2 and PCAF involved in modification of H3K9ac following Ras-ERK1/2 activation were studied. RESULTS K-Ras mutated at G12 V and T35S induced a significant activation of ERK1/2 signaling and a significant down-regulation of H3K9ac. Recovering H3K9 acetylation by using a mimicked H3K9ac expression vector attenuated the promoting effects of Ras-ERK1/2 on tumor cells growth and migration. Besides, H3K9ac can be deacetylated by HDAC2 and MDM2-depedent degradation of PCAF. CONCLUSION H3K9ac was a specific target for Ras-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. H3K9 acetylation can be modulated by HDAC2 and MDM2-depedent degradation of PCAF. The revealed regulation provides a better understanding of Ras-ERK1/2 signaling in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yanfei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Huanzhou Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), No.7, Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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22
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Uddin B, Partscht P, Chen NP, Neuner A, Weiß M, Hardt R, Jafarpour A, Heßling B, Ruppert T, Lorenz H, Pereira G, Schiebel E. The human phosphatase CDC14A modulates primary cilium length by regulating centrosomal actin nucleation. EMBO Rep 2018; 20:embr.201846544. [PMID: 30467237 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
CDC14A codes for a conserved proline-directed phosphatase, and mutations in the gene are associated with autosomal-recessive severe to profound deafness, due to defective kinocilia. A role of CDC14A in cilia formation has also been described in other organisms. However, how human CDC14A impacts on cilia formation remains unclear. Here, we show that human RPE1 hCDC14APD cells, encoding a phosphatase dead version of hCDC14A, have longer cilia than wild-type cells, while hCDC14A overexpression reduces cilia formation. Phospho-proteome analysis of ciliated RPE1 cells identified actin-associated and microtubule binding proteins regulating cilia length as hCDC14A substrates, including the actin-binding protein drebrin. Indeed, we find that hCDC14A counteracts the CDK5-dependent phosphorylation of drebrin at S142 during ciliogenesis. Further, we show that drebrin and hCDC14A regulate the recruitment of the actin organizer Arp2 to centrosomes. In addition, during ciliogenesis hCDC14A also regulates endocytosis and targeting of myosin Va vesicles to the basal body in a drebrin-independent manner, indicating that it impacts primary cilia formation in a multilayered manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borhan Uddin
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Partscht
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nan-Peng Chen
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annett Neuner
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Weiß
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Hardt
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aliakbar Jafarpour
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Heßling
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Lorenz
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gislene Pereira
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance and Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Unit, Centre for Organismal Studies and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Ovejero S, Ayala P, Malumbres M, Pimentel-Muiños FX, Bueno A, Sacristán MP. Biochemical analyses reveal amino acid residues critical for cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of human Cdc14A phosphatase by cyclin-dependent kinase 1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11871. [PMID: 30089874 PMCID: PMC6082843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdc14 enzymes compose a family of highly conserved phosphatases that are present in a wide range of organisms, including yeast and humans, and that preferentially reverse the phosphorylation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (Cdk) substrates. The budding yeast Cdc14 orthologue has essential functions in the control of late mitosis and cytokinesis. In mammals, however, the two Cdc14 homologues, Cdc14A and Cdc14B, do not play a prominent role in controlling late mitotic events, suggesting that some Cdc14 functions are not conserved across species. Moreover, in yeast, Cdc14 is regulated by changes in its subcellular location and by phosphorylation events. In contrast, little is known about the regulation of human Cdc14 phosphatases. Here, we have studied how the human Cdc14A orthologue is regulated during the cell cycle. We found that Cdc14A is phosphorylated on Ser411, Ser453 and Ser549 by Cdk1 early in mitosis and becomes dephosphorylated during late mitotic stages. Interestingly, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that, unlike in yeast, Cdk1-mediated phosphorylation of human Cdc14A did not control its catalytic activity but likely modulated its interaction with other proteins in early mitosis. These findings point to differences in Cdk1-mediated mechanisms of regulation between human and yeast Cdc14 orthologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ovejero
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patricia Ayala
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos Malumbres
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), E-28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe X Pimentel-Muiños
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Avelino Bueno
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María P Sacristán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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24
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Tramentozzi E, Ferraro P, Hossain M, Stillman B, Bianchi V, Pontarin G. The dNTP triphosphohydrolase activity of SAMHD1 persists during S-phase when the enzyme is phosphorylated at T592. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1102-1114. [PMID: 30039733 PMCID: PMC6110608 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1480216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
SAMHD1 is the major catabolic enzyme regulating the intracellular concentrations of DNA precursors (dNTPs). The S-phase kinase CDK2-cyclinA phosphorylates SAMHD1 at Thr-592. How this modification affects SAMHD1 function is highly debated. We investigated the role of endogenous SAMHD1 phosphorylation during the cell cycle. Thr-592 phosphorylation occurs first at the G1/S border and is removed during mitotic exit parallel with Thr-phosphorylations of most CDK1 targets. Differential sensitivity to the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid suggested different involvement of the PP1 and PP2 families dependent upon the time of the cell cycle. SAMHD1 turn-over indicates that Thr-592 phosphorylation does not cause rapid protein degradation. Furthermore, SAMHD1 influenced the size of the four dNTP pools independently of its phosphorylation. Our findings reveal that SAMHD1 is active during the entire cell cycle and performs an important regulatory role during S-phase by contributing with ribonucleotide reductase to maintain dNTP pool balance for proper DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Ferraro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Manzar Hossain
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Bruce Stillman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Vera Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pontarin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
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25
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Regulation of Mammalian DNA Replication via the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1042:421-454. [PMID: 29357069 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6955-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Proper regulation of DNA replication ensures the faithful transmission of genetic material essential for optimal cellular and organismal physiology. Central to this regulation is the activity of a set of enzymes that induce or reverse posttranslational modifications of various proteins critical for the initiation, progression, and termination of DNA replication. This is particularly important when DNA replication proceeds in cancer cells with elevated rates of genomic instability and increased proliferative capacities. Here, we describe how DNA replication in mammalian cells is regulated via the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system as well as the consequence of derailed ubiquitylation signaling involved in this important cellular activity.
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26
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Zhong Z, Rosenow M, Xiao N, Spetzler D. Profiling plasma extracellular vesicle by pluronic block-copolymer based enrichment method unveils features associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis and invasion. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1458574. [PMID: 29696079 PMCID: PMC5912199 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1458574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based liquid biopsies have been proposed to be a readily obtainable biological substrate recently for both profiling and diagnostics purposes. Development of a fast and reliable preparation protocol to enrich such small particles could accelerate the discovery of informative, disease-related biomarkers. Though multiple EV enrichment protocols are available, in terms of efficiency, reproducibility and simplicity, precipitation-based methods are most amenable to studies with large numbers of subjects. However, the selectivity of the precipitation becomes critical. Here, we present a simple plasma EV enrichment protocol based on pluronic block copolymer. The enriched plasma EV was able to be verified by multiple platforms. Our results showed that the particles enriched from plasma by the copolymer were EV size vesicles with membrane structure; proteomic profiling showed that EV-related proteins were significantly enriched, while high-abundant plasma proteins were significantly reduced in comparison to other precipitation-based enrichment methods. Next-generation sequencing confirmed the existence of various RNA species that have been observed in EVs from previous studies. Small RNA sequencing showed enriched species compared to the corresponding plasma. Moreover, plasma EVs enriched from 20 advanced breast cancer patients and 20 age-matched non-cancer controls were profiled by semi-quantitative mass spectrometry. Protein features were further screened by EV proteomic profiles generated from four breast cancer cell lines, and then selected in cross-validation models. A total of 60 protein features that highly contributed in model prediction were identified. Interestingly, a large portion of these features were associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis as well as invasion, consistent with the advanced clinical stage of the patients. In summary, we have developed a plasma EV enrichment method with improved precipitation selectivity and it might be suitable for larger-scale discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhong
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Nick Xiao
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David Spetzler
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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27
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Meeusen B, Janssens V. Tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer: Emerging targets for therapeutic intervention and tumor stratification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:98-134. [PMID: 29031806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant protein phosphorylation is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, and in many cases a prerequisite to sustain tumor development and progression. Like protein kinases, protein phosphatases are key regulators of cell signaling. However, their contribution to aberrant signaling in cancer cells is overall less well appreciated, and therefore, their clinical potential remains largely unexploited. In this review, we provide an overview of tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer. Along their mechanisms of inactivation in defined cancer contexts, we give an overview of their functional roles in diverse signaling pathways that contribute to their tumor suppressive abilities. Finally, we discuss their emerging roles as predictive or prognostic markers, their potential as synthetic lethality targets, and the current feasibility of their reactivation with pharmacologic compounds as promising new cancer therapies. We conclude that their inclusion in clinical practice has obvious potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcome in various ways, and should now definitely be pushed forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Meeusen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Dept. of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Belgium.
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28
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Human phosphatase CDC14A regulates actin organization through dephosphorylation of epithelial protein lost in neoplasm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5201-5206. [PMID: 28465438 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619356114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CDC14 is an essential dual-specificity phosphatase that counteracts CDK1 activity during anaphase to promote mitotic exit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Surprisingly, human CDC14A is not essential for cell cycle progression. Instead, it regulates cell migration and cell adhesion. Little is known about the substrates of hCDC14A and the counteracting kinases. Here, we combine phospho-proteome profiling and proximity-dependent biotin identification to identify hCDC14A substrates. Among these targets were actin regulators, including the tumor suppressor eplin. hCDC14A counteracts EGF-induced rearrangements of actin cytoskeleton by dephosphorylating eplin at two known extracellular signal-regulated kinase sites, serine 362 and 604. hCDC14APD and eplin knockout cell lines exhibited down-regulation of E-cadherin and a reduction in α/β-catenin at cell-cell adhesions. Reduction in the levels of hCDC14A and eplin mRNA is frequently associated with colorectal carcinoma and is correlated with poor prognosis. We therefore propose that eplin dephosphorylation by hCDC14A reduces actin dynamics to restrict tumor malignancy.
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29
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Delmaghani S, Aghaie A, Bouyacoub Y, El Hachmi H, Bonnet C, Riahi Z, Chardenoux S, Perfettini I, Hardelin JP, Houmeida A, Herbomel P, Petit C. Mutations in CDC14A, Encoding a Protein Phosphatase Involved in Hair Cell Ciliogenesis, Cause Autosomal-Recessive Severe to Profound Deafness. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 98:1266-1270. [PMID: 27259055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
By genetic linkage analysis in a large consanguineous Iranian family with eleven individuals affected by severe to profound congenital deafness, we were able to define a 2.8 Mb critical interval (at chromosome 1p21.2-1p21.1) for an autosomal-recessive nonsyndromic deafness locus (DFNB). Whole-exome sequencing allowed us to identify a CDC14A biallelic nonsense mutation, c.1126C>T (p.Arg376(∗)), which was present in the eight clinically affected individuals still alive. Subsequent screening of 115 unrelated individuals affected by severe or profound congenital deafness of unknown genetic cause led us to identify another CDC14A biallelic nonsense mutation, c.1015C>T (p.Arg339(∗)), in an individual originating from Mauritania. CDC14A encodes a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Immunofluorescence analysis of the protein distribution in the mouse inner ear showed a strong labeling of the hair cells' kinocilia. By using a morpholino strategy to knockdown cdc14a in zebrafish larvae, we found that the length of the kinocilia was reduced in inner-ear hair cells. Therefore, deafness caused by loss-of-function mutations in CDC14A probably arises from a morphogenetic defect of the auditory sensory cells' hair bundles, whose differentiation critically depends on the proper growth of their kinocilium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Delmaghani
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Asadollah Aghaie
- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France; Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Yosra Bouyacoub
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT05, Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; Université de Monastir, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, BP 56 Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Hala El Hachmi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Nouakchott 5026, Mauritania
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France; Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Zied Riahi
- UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France; Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Chardenoux
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Perfettini
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hardelin
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Houmeida
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Nouakchott 5026, Mauritania
| | - Philippe Herbomel
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France; Unité des Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; UMR 3738, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; UMRS 1120, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Complexité du Vivant, 75005 Paris, France; Syndrome de Usher et Autres Atteintes Rétino-Cochléaires, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France.
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30
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Wilson KE, Yang N, Mussell AL, Zhang J. The Regulatory Role of KIBRA and PTPN14 in Hippo Signaling and Beyond. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7060023. [PMID: 27240404 PMCID: PMC4929422 DOI: 10.3390/genes7060023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway regulates cellular proliferation and survival, thus exerting profound effects on normal cell fate and tumorigenesis. Pivotal effectors of this pathway are YAP/TAZ, transcriptional co-activators whose dysfunction contributes to the development of cancer. Complex networks of intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways that modulate YAP and TAZ activities have recently been identified. Among them, KIBRA and PTPN14 are two evolutionarily-conserved and important YAP/TAZ upstream regulators. They can negatively regulate YAP/TAZ functions separately or in concert. In this review, we summarize the current and emerging regulatory roles of KIBRA and PTPN14 in the Hippo pathway and their functions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla E Wilson
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Nuo Yang
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Ashley L Mussell
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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