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Hyroššová P, Milošević M, Škoda J, Vachtenheim Jr J, Rohlena J, Rohlenová K. Effects of metabolic cancer therapy on tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1046630. [PMID: 36582801 PMCID: PMC9793001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1046630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor metabolism for cancer therapy is an old strategy. In fact, historically the first effective cancer therapeutics were directed at nucleotide metabolism. The spectrum of metabolic drugs considered in cancer increases rapidly - clinical trials are in progress for agents directed at glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutaminolysis and several others. These pathways are essential for cancer cell proliferation and redox homeostasis, but are also required, to various degrees, in other cell types present in the tumor microenvironment, including immune cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. How metabolism-targeted treatments impact these tumor-associated cell types is not fully understood, even though their response may co-determine the overall effectivity of therapy. Indeed, the metabolic dependencies of stromal cells have been overlooked for a long time. Therefore, it is important that metabolic therapy is considered in the context of tumor microenvironment, as understanding the metabolic vulnerabilities of both cancer and stromal cells can guide new treatment concepts and help better understand treatment resistance. In this review we discuss recent findings covering the impact of metabolic interventions on cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and their implications for metabolic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hyroššová
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Mirko Milošević
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Josef Škoda
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiří Vachtenheim Jr
- 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Rohlenová
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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2
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Targeting Redox Regulation as a Therapeutic Opportunity against Acute Leukemia: Pro-Oxidant Strategy or Antioxidant Approach? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091696. [PMID: 36139768 PMCID: PMC9495346 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox adaptation is essential for human health, as the physiological quantities of non-radical reactive oxygen species operate as the main second messengers to regulate normal redox reactions by controlling several sensors. An abnormal increase reactive oxygen species, called oxidative stress, induces biological injury. For this reason, variations in oxidative stress continue to receive consideration as a possible approach to treat leukemic diseases. However, the intricacy of redox reactions and their effects might be a relevant obstacle; consequently, and alongside approaches aimed at increasing oxidative stress in neoplastic cells, antioxidant strategies have also been suggested for the same purpose. The present review focuses on the molecular processes of anomalous oxidative stress in acute myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemias as well as on the oxidative stress-determined pathways implicated in leukemogenic development. Furthermore, we review the effect of chemotherapies on oxidative stress and the possibility that their pharmacological effects might be increased by modifying the intracellular redox equilibrium through a pro-oxidant approach or an antioxidant strategy. Finally, we evaluated the prospect of varying oxidative stress as an efficacious modality to destroy chemoresistant cells using new methodologies. Altering redox conditions may be advantageous for inhibiting genomic variability and the eradication of leukemic clones will promote the treatment of leukemic disease.
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3
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Redox Control in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: From Physiology to Pathology and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051218. [PMID: 34067520 PMCID: PMC8155968 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignancy originating from B- or T-lymphoid progenitor cells. Recent studies have shown that redox dysregulation caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has an important role in the development and progression of leukemia. The application of pro-oxidant therapy, which targets redox dysregulation, has achieved satisfactory results in alleviating the conditions of and improving the survival rate for patients with ALL. However, drug resistance and side effects are two major challenges that must be addressed in pro-oxidant therapy. Oxidative stress can activate a variety of antioxidant mechanisms to help leukemia cells escape the damage caused by pro-oxidant drugs and develop drug resistance. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are extremely sensitive to oxidative stress due to their low levels of differentiation, and the use of pro-oxidant drugs inevitably causes damage to HSCs and may even cause severe bone marrow suppression. In this article, we reviewed research progress regarding the generation and regulation of ROS in normal HSCs and ALL cells as well as the impact of ROS on the biological behavior and fate of cells. An in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of redox homeostasis in normal and malignant HSCs is conducive to the formulation of rational targeted treatment plans to effectively reduce oxidative damage to normal HSCs while eradicating ALL cells.
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4
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Huang M, Liu M, Liu J, Zhu D, Tang Q, Jia R, Chen S, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Huang J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Wang M, Cheng A. Functional characterization of Fur in iron metabolism, oxidative stress resistance and virulence of Riemerella anatipestifer. Vet Res 2021; 52:48. [PMID: 33741064 PMCID: PMC7976709 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for most bacteria to survive, but excessive iron leads to damage by the Fenton reaction. Therefore, the concentration of intracellular free iron must be strictly controlled in bacteria. Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer), a Gram-negative bacterium, encodes the iron uptake system. However, the iron homeostasis mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, it was shown that compared with the wild type R. anatipestifer CH-1, R. anatipestifer CH-1Δfur was more sensitive to streptonigrin, and this effect was alleviated when the bacteria were cultured in iron-depleted medium, suggesting that the fur mutant led to excess iron accumulation inside cells. Similarly, compared with R. anatipestifer CH-1∆recA, R. anatipestifer CH-1∆recAΔfur was more sensitive to H2O2-induced oxidative stress when the bacteria were grown in iron-rich medium rather than iron-depleted medium. Accordingly, it was shown that R. anatipestifer CH-1∆recAΔfur produced more intracellular ROS than R. anatipestifer CH-1∆recA in iron-rich medium. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that R. anatipestifer CH-1 Fur suppressed the transcription of putative iron uptake genes through binding to their promoter regions. Finally, it was shown that compared with the wild type, R. anatipestifer CH-1Δfur was significantly attenuated in ducklings and that the colonization ability of R. anatipestifer CH-1Δfur in various tissues or organs was decreased. All these results suggested that Fur is important for iron homeostasis in R. anatipestifer and its pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Huang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianying Tang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. .,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. .,Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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5
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Chen W, Hu S, Mao S, Xu Y, Guo H, Li H, Paulsen MT, Chen X, Ljungman M, Neamati N. Discovery of Mitochondrial Transcription Inhibitors Active in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2029-2039. [PMID: 32748543 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cancer cells and targeting cancer mitochondria has emerged as a promising anti-cancer therapy. Previously, we repurposed chlorambucil by conjugating it to a mitochondrial targeting triphenylphosphonium (TPP) group to design Mito-Chlor, a novel agent that acts on mitochondria DNA (mtDNA). Herein, we show that Mito-Chlor, but not chlorambucil, inhibits the nascent transcription of mtDNA. Clustering analysis of transcriptomic profile of our Bru-seq database led to the identification of another mitochondrial transcription inhibitor SQD1, which inhibits the proliferation of MIA PaCa-2 cells with an IC50 of 1.3 μM. Interestingly, Mito-Chlor reduces expression of mitochondrial proteins, interferes with mitochondria membrane potential, and impairs oxidative phosphorylation while SQD1 does not. Both compounds increased cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and stimulated similar signaling pathways in response to oxidative stress. As mitochondrial transcription inhibitors and redox modulators, SQD1 and Mito-Chlor are promising for the treatment of pancreatic cancer by blocking mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Chen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuai Hu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatic, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuai Mao
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yibin Xu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hui Guo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Haoxi Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michelle T Paulsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xinde Chen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nouri Neamati
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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6
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Macasoi I, Mioc A, Mioc M, Racoviceanu R, Soica I, Chevereșan A, Dehelean C, Dumitrașcu V. Targeting Mitochondria through the Use of Mitocans as Emerging Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5730-5757. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712150638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players with a multi-functional role in many vital cellular processes,
such as energy metabolism, redox regulation, calcium homeostasis, Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) as well as in cell signaling, survival and apoptosis. These functions are mainly regulated
through important enzyme signaling cascades, which if altered may influence the outcome of cell
viability and apoptosis. Therefore some of the key enzymes that are vital for these signaling pathways
are emerging as important targets for new anticancer agent development. Mitocans are compounds
aimed at targeting mitochondria in cancer cells by altering mitochondrial functions thus
causing cell growth inhibition or apoptosis. This review summarizes the till present known classes
of mitocans, their mechanism of action and potential therapeutic use in different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Irina Soica
- Earlscliffe Sixth Form, Earlscliffe, 29 Shorncliffe Road, Folkestone, CT20 2NB, United Kingdom
| | - Adelina Chevereșan
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Victor Dumitrașcu
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu, Timisoara, Romania
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7
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Oxidative resistance of leukemic stem cells and oxidative damage to hematopoietic stem cells under pro-oxidative therapy. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:291. [PMID: 32341354 PMCID: PMC7184730 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are both dependent on the hypoxic bone marrow (BM) microenvironment (also known as the BM niche). There is always fierce competition between the two types of cells, and the former exhibits a greater competitive advantage than the latter via multiple mechanisms. Under hypoxia, the dynamic balance between the generation and clearing of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is conducive to maintaining a quiescent state of cells. Quiescent LSCs can reside well in the BM niche, avoiding attack by chemotherapeutic agents, which is the cause of chemotherapeutic resistance and relapse in leukemia. HSCs acquire energy mainly through anaerobic glycolysis, whereas LSCs achieve energy metabolism largely through mitochondrial oxidative respiration. Mitochondria are the primary site of ROS generation. Thus, in theory, mitochondria-mediated respiration will cause an increase in ROS generation in LSCs and a higher intracellular oxidative stress level. The sensitivity of the cells to pro-oxidant drugs increases as well, which allows for the selective clearing of LSCs by pro-oxidative therapy. However, HSCs are also highly sensitive to changes in ROS levels, and the toxic effects of pro-oxidant drugs on HSCs poses a major challenge to pro-oxidative therapy in leukemia. Given the above facts, we reviewed studies on the oxidative resistance of LSCs and the oxidative damage to HSCs under pro-oxidative therapy. An in-depth investigation into the oxidative stress status and regulatory mechanisms of LSCs and HSCs in hypoxic environments will promote our understanding of the survival strategy employed by LSCs and the mechanism of the oxidative damage to HSCs in the BM niche, thus facilitating individualized treatment of leukemia patients and helping eliminate LSCs without disturbing normal hematopoietic cells.
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8
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Cao J, Liu X, Yang Y, Wei B, Li Q, Mao G, He Y, Li Y, Zheng L, Zhang Q, Li J, Wang L, Qi C. Decylubiquinone suppresses breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting angiogenesis via the ROS/p53/ BAI1 signaling pathway. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:325-338. [PMID: 32020421 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide with a rising incidence, and is the leading cause of cancer-related death among females. Angiogenesis plays an important role in breast cancer growth and metastasis. In this study, we identify decylubiquinone (DUb), a coenzyme Q10 analog, as a promising anti-breast cancer agent through suppressing tumor-induced angiogenesis. We screened a library comprising FDA-approved drugs and found that DUb significantly inhibits blood vessel formation using in vivo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and yolk sac membrane (YSM) models. DUb was further identified to inhibit angiogenesis in the rat aortic ring and Matrigel plug assay. Moreover, DUb was found to suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis in the MMTV-PyMT transgenic mouse and human xenograft tumor models. To explore whether the anticancer efficacy of DUb was directly corrected with tumor-induced angiogenesis, the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer assay on the CAM was performed. Interestingly, DUb significantly inhibits the angiogenesis of breast cancer on the CAM. Brain angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) adhesion subfamily, has an important effect on the inhibition of angiogenesis. Further studies demonstrate that DUb suppresses the formation of tubular structures by regulating the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p53/BAI1 signaling pathway. These results uncover a novel finding that DUb has the potential to be an effective agent for the treatment of breast cancer by inhibiting tumor-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Cao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianming Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanquan Mao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yajun He
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingyun Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiangchao Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Cuiling Qi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Rapanone, a naturally occurring benzoquinone, inhibits mitochondrial respiration and induces HepG2 cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 63:104737. [PMID: 31756542 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapanone is a natural occurring benzoquinone with several biological effects including unclear cytotoxic mechanisms. Here we addressed if mitochondria are involved in the cytotoxicity of rapanone towards cancer cells by employing hepatic carcinoma (HepG2) cells and isolated rat liver mitochondria. In the HepG2, rapanone (20-40 μM) induced a concentration-dependent mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation, ATP depletion, hydrogen peroxide generation and, phosphatidyl serine externalization; the latter being indicative of apoptosis induction. Rapanone toxicity towards primary rats hepatocytes (IC50 = 35.58 ± 1.50 μM) was lower than that found for HepG2 cells (IC50 = 27.89 ± 0.75 μM). Loading of isolated mitochondria with rapanone (5-20 μM) caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of phosphorylating and uncoupled respirations supported by complex I (glutamate and malate) or the complex II (succinate) substrates, being the latter eliminated by complex IV substrate (TMPD/ascorbate). Rapanone also dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, depleted ATP content, released Ca2+ from Ca2+-loaded mitochondria, increased ROS generation, cytochrome c release and membrane fluidity. Further analysis demonstrated that rapanone prevented the cytochrome c reduction in the presence of decylbenzilquinol, identifying complex III as the site of its inhibitory action. Computational docking results of rapanone to cytochrome bc1 (Cyt bc1) complex from the human sources found spontaneous thermodynamic processes for the quinone-Qo and Qi binding interactions, supporting the experimental in vitro assays. Collectively, these observations suggest that rapanone impairs mitochondrial respiration by inhibiting electron transport chain at Complex III and promotes mitochondrial dysfunction. This property is potentially involved in rapanone toxicity on cancer cells.
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10
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Christoforow A, Wilke J, Binici A, Pahl A, Ostermann C, Sievers S, Waldmann H. Design, Synthesis, and Phenotypic Profiling of Pyrano-Furo-Pyridone Pseudo Natural Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14715-14723. [PMID: 31339620 PMCID: PMC7687248 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) inspire the design and synthesis of novel biologically relevant chemical matter, for instance through biology-oriented synthesis (BIOS). However, BIOS is limited by the partial coverage of NP-like chemical space by the guiding NPs. The design and synthesis of "pseudo NPs" overcomes these limitations by combining NP-inspired strategies with fragment-based compound design through de novo combination of NP-derived fragments to unprecedented compound classes not accessible through biosynthesis. We describe the development and biological evaluation of pyrano-furo-pyridone (PFP) pseudo NPs, which combine pyridone- and dihydropyran NP fragments in three isomeric arrangements. Cheminformatic analysis indicates that the PFPs reside in an area of NP-like chemical space not covered by existing NPs but rather by drugs and related compounds. Phenotypic profiling in a target-agnostic "cell painting" assay revealed that PFPs induce formation of reactive oxygen species and are structurally novel inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Christoforow
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Julian Wilke
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Aylin Binici
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Axel Pahl
- Compound Management and Screening Center, DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Claude Ostermann
- Compound Management and Screening Center, DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center, DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
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11
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Xu X, Pu R, Li Y, Wu Z, Li C, Miao X, Yang W. Chemical Compositions of Propolis from China and the United States and their Antimicrobial Activities Against Penicillium notatum. Molecules 2019; 24:E3576. [PMID: 31590214 PMCID: PMC6803850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical compositions of ethanol extracts of propolis from China (EEP-C) and the United States (EEP-A) and their antifungal activity against Penicillium notatum were determined. The result showed that a total of 49 compounds were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, 30 of which were present in samples from two regions. The major compounds of EEP-C and EEP-A were similar, including pinocembrin, pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, galanin, chrysin, pinobanksin, and pinobanksin-methyl ether, and both of them showed antifungal activity against P. notatum with same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.8 mg·mL-1. In the presence of propolis, the mycelial growth was inhibited, the hyphae became shriveled and wrinkled, the extracellular conductivities were increased, and the activities of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) were decreased. In addition, iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of P. notatum in response to propolis revealed that a total of 341 proteins were differentially expressed, of which 88 (25.8%) were upregulated and 253 (74.2%) were downregulated. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) involved in energy production and conversion, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and the sterol biosynthetic pathway were identified. This study revealed that propolis could affect respiration, interfere with energy metabolism, and influence steroid biosynthesis to inhibit the growth of P. notatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Xu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ruixue Pu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yujie Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zhenghong Wu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Chunxia Li
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wenchao Yang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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12
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Christoforow A, Wilke J, Binici A, Pahl A, Ostermann C, Sievers S, Waldmann H. Design, Synthesis, and Phenotypic Profiling of Pyrano‐Furo‐Pyridone Pseudo Natural Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Christoforow
- Department of Chemical Biology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Technical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Julian Wilke
- Department of Chemical Biology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Technical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Aylin Binici
- Department of Chemical Biology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Technical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Axel Pahl
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Claude Ostermann
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Technical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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13
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Bajzikova M, Kovarova J, Coelho AR, Boukalova S, Oh S, Rohlenova K, Svec D, Hubackova S, Endaya B, Judasova K, Bezawork-Geleta A, Kluckova K, Chatre L, Zobalova R, Novakova A, Vanova K, Ezrova Z, Maghzal GJ, Magalhaes Novais S, Olsinova M, Krobova L, An YJ, Davidova E, Nahacka Z, Sobol M, Cunha-Oliveira T, Sandoval-Acuña C, Strnad H, Zhang T, Huynh T, Serafim TL, Hozak P, Sardao VA, Koopman WJH, Ricchetti M, Oliveira PJ, Kolar F, Kubista M, Truksa J, Dvorakova-Hortova K, Pacak K, Gurlich R, Stocker R, Zhou Y, Berridge MV, Park S, Dong L, Rohlena J, Neuzil J. Reactivation of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase-Driven Pyrimidine Biosynthesis Restores Tumor Growth of Respiration-Deficient Cancer Cells. Cell Metab 2019; 29:399-416.e10. [PMID: 30449682 PMCID: PMC7484595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells without mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) do not form tumors unless they reconstitute oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by mitochondria acquired from host stroma. To understand why functional respiration is crucial for tumorigenesis, we used time-resolved analysis of tumor formation by mtDNA-depleted cells and genetic manipulations of OXPHOS. We show that pyrimidine biosynthesis dependent on respiration-linked dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is required to overcome cell-cycle arrest, while mitochondrial ATP generation is dispensable for tumorigenesis. Latent DHODH in mtDNA-deficient cells is fully activated with restoration of complex III/IV activity and coenzyme Q redox-cycling after mitochondrial transfer, or by introduction of an alternative oxidase. Further, deletion of DHODH interferes with tumor formation in cells with fully functional OXPHOS, while disruption of mitochondrial ATP synthase has little effect. Our results show that DHODH-driven pyrimidine biosynthesis is an essential pathway linking respiration to tumorigenesis, pointing to inhibitors of DHODH as potential anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
| | - Ana R Coelho
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Stepana Boukalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Sehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Katerina Rohlenova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - David Svec
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Hubackova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Kristyna Judasova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | | | - Katarina Kluckova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Laurent Chatre
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Novakova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Vanova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Ezrova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ghassan J Maghzal
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Silvia Magalhaes Novais
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Olsinova
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Krobova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Yong Jin An
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eliska Davidova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nahacka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Margarita Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Cristian Sandoval-Acuña
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tongchuan Zhang
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 QLD, Australia
| | - Thanh Huynh
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Teresa L Serafim
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vilma A Sardao
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Miria Ricchetti
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Frantisek Kolar
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mikael Kubista
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pacak
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Gurlich
- Third Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roland Stocker
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yaoqi Zhou
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 QLD, Australia
| | | | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
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14
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Olivas-Aguirre M, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Mitochondria as emerging targets for therapies against T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:935-946. [PMID: 30698851 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5vmr0818-330rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, arising from diverse genetic alterations in the early lymphocyte development. T-cell subtype of ALL (T-ALL) accounts for about 15% and 25% of ALL in children and adults, respectively. Being less frequent among ALL subtypes, T-ALL represents a high-risk factor for poor prognosis due to its aggressiveness and resistance to common antileukemic drugs. Mitochondria were widely explored recently as a target for anticancer treatment because they are involved in a metabolic reprogramming of a cancer cell and play key roles in reactive oxygen species generation, Ca2+ signaling, and cell death induction. Accordingly, a new class of anticancer compounds named mitocans has been developed, which target mitochondria at distinct crucial points to promote their dysfunction and subsequent cell death. The present review analyses the role of mitochondria in malignant reprogramming and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria as an "Achilles' heel" in T-ALL, with an emphasis on BH3 mimetics, sequestering pro-survival BCL proteins and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)1-directed drugs, which promote the suppression of aerobic glycolysis, VDAC1 closure, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, stoppage of the oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and release of proapoptotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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15
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Prieto-Bermejo R, Romo-González M, Pérez-Fernández A, Ijurko C, Hernández-Hernández Á. Reactive oxygen species in haematopoiesis: leukaemic cells take a walk on the wild side. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:125. [PMID: 29940987 PMCID: PMC6019308 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is related to ageing and degenerative diseases, including cancer. However, a moderate amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is required for the regulation of cellular signalling and gene expression. A low level of ROS is important for maintaining quiescence and the differentiation potential of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas the level of ROS increases during haematopoietic differentiation; thus, suggesting the importance of redox signalling in haematopoiesis. Here, we will analyse the importance of ROS for haematopoiesis and include evidence showing that cells from leukaemia patients live under oxidative stress. The potential sources of ROS will be described. Finally, the level of oxidative stress in leukaemic cells can also be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. In this regard, the reliance of front-line anti-leukaemia chemotherapeutics on increased levels of ROS for their mechanism of action, as well as the active search for novel compounds that modulate the redox state of leukaemic cells, will be analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Romo-González
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carla Ijurko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ángel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.
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16
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Cancho-Grande B, Simal-Gándara J, Giampieri F, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gasparrini M, Afrin S, Cianciosi D, Manna PP, Varela-López A, Ojeda-Amador RM, Fregapane G, Desamparados Salvador M, Battino M. Effect of pistachio kernel extracts in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: Inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of ROS production, modulation of glycolysis and of mitochondrial respiration. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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17
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p53 and glucose metabolism: an orchestra to be directed in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 131:75-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Rivera-Del Valle N, Cheng T, Irwin ME, Donnella H, Singh MM, Chandra J. Combinatorial effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), vorinostat and entinostat, and adaphostin are characterized by distinct redox alterations. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:483-495. [PMID: 29313067 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amongst the epigenetically targeted therapies, targeting of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) has yielded numerous drugs for clinical use in hematological malignancies, but none as yet for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Single agent activity of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) has been elusive in ALL, and has prompted study of combinatorial strategies. Because several HDACi raise levels of intracellular oxidative stress, we evaluated combinations of two structurally distinct HDACi with the redox active compound adaphostin in ALL. METHODS The HDACi vorinostat and entinostat were tested in combination with adaphostin in human ALL cell lines. DNA fragmentation, caspase activation, mitochondrial disruption and levels of intracellular peroxides, superoxide and glutathione were measured in cells treated with the HDACi/adaphostin combinations. Antioxidant blockade of cell death induction and gene expression profiling of cells treated with vorinostat/adaphostin versus entinostat/adaphostin combinations were evaluated. RESULTS Both combinations synergistically induced apoptotic DNA fragmentation, which was preceded by an increase in superoxide levels, a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increase in caspase-9 activation. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) blocked superoxide generation and prevented reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. NAC decreased DNA fragmentation and caspase activity in cells treated with adaphostin and vorinostat, but not in those treated with adaphostin and entinostat. Gene expression arrays revealed differential regulation of several redox genes prior to cell death induction. CONCLUSIONS A redox modulatory agent, adaphostin, enhances efficacy of two HDACi, vorinostat or entinostat, but via different mechanisms indicating a point of divergence in the mechanisms of synergy between the two distinct HDACi and adaphostin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilsa Rivera-Del Valle
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tiewei Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mary E Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hayley Donnella
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Melissa M Singh
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joya Chandra
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 853, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas (UT) M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,MD Anderson UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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19
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Vargas LA, Velasquez FC, Alvarez BV. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Compensatory role of the NBCn1 sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter on Ca2+-induced mitochondrial swelling in hypertrophic hearts. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Liu J, Masurekar A, Johnson S, Chakraborty S, Griffiths J, Smith D, Alexander S, Dempsey C, Parker C, Harrison S, Li Y, Miller C, Di Y, Ghosh Z, Krishnan S, Saha V. Stromal cell-mediated mitochondrial redox adaptation regulates drug resistance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2015; 6:43048-64. [PMID: 26474278 PMCID: PMC4767490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high cure rates in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapsed ALL remains a significant clinical problem. Genetic heterogeneity does not adequately explain variations in response to therapy. The chemoprotective tumor microenvironment may additionally contribute to disease recurrence. This study identifies metabolic reprogramming of leukemic cells by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) as a putative mechanism of drug resistance. In a BMSC-extracellular matrix culture model, BMSC produced chemoprotective soluble factors and facilitated the emergence of a reversible multidrug resistant phenotype in ALL cells. BMSC environment induced a mitochondrial calcium influx leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ALL cells. In response to this oxidative stress, drug resistant cells underwent a redox adaptation process, characterized by a decrease in ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential with an upregulation of antioxidant production and MCL-1 expression. Similar expanded subpopulations of low ROS expressing and drug resistant cells were identified in pre-treatment bone marrow samples from ALL patients with slower response to therapy. This suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment induces a redox adaptation in ALL subclones that protects against cytotoxic stress and potentially gives rise to minimal residual disease. Targeting metabolic remodeling by inhibiting antioxidant production and antiapoptosis was able to overcome drug resistance. Thus metabolic plasticity in leukemic cell response to environmental factors contributes to chemoresistance and disease recurrence. Adjunctive strategies targeting such processes have the potential to overcome therapeutic failure in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhong Liu
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Masurekar
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Johnson
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - John Griffiths
- Mass Spectrometry Service, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Smith
- Mass Spectrometry Service, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Seema Alexander
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Dempsey
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Catriona Parker
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Harrison
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yaoyong Li
- Applied Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Crispin Miller
- Applied Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yujun Di
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zhumur Ghosh
- Bioinformatics Centre, Bose Institute, P-1/2 CIT Scheme, Kolkata, India
| | - Shekhar Krishnan
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Vaskar Saha
- Children's Cancer Group, Institute of Cancer Science, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre, Kolkata, India
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Knorr KLB, Schneider PA, Meng XW, Dai H, Smith BD, Hess AD, Karp JE, Kaufmann SH. MLN4924 induces Noxa upregulation in acute myelogenous leukemia and synergizes with Bcl-2 inhibitors. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:2133-42. [PMID: 26045051 PMCID: PMC4816118 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MLN4924 (pevonedistat), an inhibitor of the Nedd8 activating enzyme (NAE), has exhibited promising clinical activity in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Here we demonstrate that MLN4924 induces apoptosis in AML cell lines and clinical samples via a mechanism distinct from those observed in other malignancies. Inactivation of E3 cullin ring ligases (CRLs) through NAE inhibition causes accumulation of the CRL substrate c-Myc, which transactivates the PMAIP1 gene encoding Noxa, leading to increased Noxa protein, Bax and Bak activation, and subsequent apoptotic changes. Importantly, c-Myc knockdown diminishes Noxa induction; and Noxa siRNA diminishes MLN4924-induced killing. Because Noxa also neutralizes Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 paralog often upregulated in resistant AML, further experiments have examined the effect of combining MLN4924 with BH3 mimetics that target other anti-apoptotic proteins. In combination with ABT-199 or ABT-263 (navitoclax), MLN4924 exerts a synergistic cytotoxic effect. Collectively, these results provide new insight into MLN4924-induced engagement of the apoptotic machinery that could help guide further exploration of MLN4924 for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L B Knorr
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - P A Schneider
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - X W Meng
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - H Dai
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B D Smith
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A D Hess
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J E Karp
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S H Kaufmann
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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22
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Canonical and new generation anticancer drugs also target energy metabolism. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:1327-50. [PMID: 24792321 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant efforts have been made for the development of new anticancer drugs (protein kinase or proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal humanized antibodies) with presumably low or negligible side effects and high specificity. However, an in-depth analysis of the side effects of several currently used canonical (platin-based drugs, taxanes, anthracyclines, etoposides, antimetabolites) and new generation anticancer drugs as the first line of clinical treatment reveals significant perturbation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Canonical and new generation drug side effects include decreased (1) intracellular ATP levels, (2) glycolytic/mitochondrial enzyme/transporter activities and/or (3) mitochondrial electrical membrane potentials. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effects of these drugs are markedly attenuated in tumor rho (0) cells, in which functional mitochondria are absent; in addition, several anticancer drugs directly interact with isolated mitochondria affecting their functions. Therefore, several anticancer drugs also target the energy metabolism, and hence, the documented inhibitory effect of anticancer drugs on cancer growth should also be linked to the blocking of ATP supply pathways. These often overlooked effects of canonical and new generation anticancer drugs emphasize the role of energy metabolism in maintaining cancer cells viable and its targeting as a complementary and successful strategy for cancer treatment.
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23
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Lee YH, Wang E, Kumar N, Glickman RD. Ursolic acid differentially modulates apoptosis in skin melanoma and retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to UV-VIS broadband radiation. Apoptosis 2014; 19:816-28. [PMID: 24375173 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0962-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The signaling pathways via mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) play key roles in transcription, translation and carcinogenesis, and may be activated by light exposure. These pathways can be modulated by naturally occurring compounds, such as the triterpenoid, ursolic acid (UA). Previously, the transcription factors p53 and NF-κB, which transactivate mitochondrial apoptosis-related genes, were shown to be differentially modulated by UA. UA-modulated apoptosis, following exposure to UV-VIS radiation (ultraviolet to visible light broadband radiation, hereafter abbreviated to UVR), is observed to correspond to differential levels of oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and skin melanoma (SM) cells. The cellular response to this phytochemical was characterized using western blot, flow cytometry, microscopy with reactive oxidative species probes MitoTracker and dihydroethidium, and membrane permeability assay. UA pretreatment potentiated cell cycle arrest and UVR-induced apoptosis selectively in SM cells while reducing photo-oxidative stress in the DNA of RPE cells presumably by antioxidant activity of UA. Mechanistically, the nuclear transportation of p65 and p53 was reduced by UA administration prior to UVR exposure while the levels of p65 and p53 nuclear transportation in SM cells were sustained at a substantially higher level. Finally, the mitochondrial functional assay showed that UVR induced the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and this effect was exacerbated by rapamycin or UA pretreatment in SM preferentially. These results were consistent with reduced proliferation observed in the clonogenic assay, indicating that UA treatment enhanced the phototoxicity of UVR, by modulating the activation of p53 and NF-κB and initiating a mitogenic response to optical radiation that triggered mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, particularly in skin melanoma cells. The study indicates that this compound has multiple actions with the potential for protecting normal cells while sensitizing skin melanoma cells to UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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24
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25
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Wanka L, Iqbal K, Schreiner PR. The lipophilic bullet hits the targets: medicinal chemistry of adamantane derivatives. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3516-604. [PMID: 23432396 PMCID: PMC3650105 DOI: 10.1021/cr100264t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Wanka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Fax +49(641)9934309
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314-6399, USA
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY 10314-6399, USA
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Fax +49(641)9934309
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26
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Irwin ME, Rivera-Del Valle N, Chandra J. Redox control of leukemia: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1349-83. [PMID: 22900756 PMCID: PMC3584825 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play both positive and negative roles in the proliferation and survival of a cell. This dual nature has been exploited by leukemia cells to promote growth, survival, and genomic instability-some of the hallmarks of the cancer phenotype. In addition to altered ROS levels, many antioxidants are dysregulated in leukemia cells. Together, the production of ROS and the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes make up the primary redox control of leukemia cells. By manipulating this system, leukemia cells gain proliferative and survival advantages, even in the face of therapeutic insults. Standard treatment options have improved leukemia patient survival rates in recent years, although relapse and the development of resistance are persistent challenges. Therapies targeting the redox environment show promise for these cases. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms that control the redox milieu of leukemia cells. In particular, ROS production by the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, and cytochrome P450 will be addressed. Expression and activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, heme oxygenase, glutathione, thioredoxin, and peroxiredoxin are perturbed in leukemia cells, and the functional consequences of these molecular alterations will be described. Lastly, we delve into how these pathways can be potentially exploited therapeutically to improve treatment regimens and promote better outcomes for leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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27
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Neuzil J, Dong LF, Rohlena J, Truksa J, Ralph SJ. Classification of mitocans, anti-cancer drugs acting on mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2012; 13:199-208. [PMID: 22846431 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2012.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have emerged as an intriguing target for anti-cancer drugs, inherent to vast majority if not all types of tumours. Drugs that target mitochondria and exert anti-cancer activity have become a focus of recent research due to their great clinical potential (which has not been harnessed thus far). The exceptional potential of mitochondria as a target for anti-cancer agents has been reinforced by the discouraging finding that even tumours of the same type from individual patients differ in a number of mutations. This is consistent with the idea of personalised therapy, an elusive goal at this stage, in line with the notion that tumours are unlikely to be treated by agents that target only a single gene or a single pathway. This endows mitochondria, an invariant target present in all tumours, with an exceptional momentum. This train of thoughts inspired us to define a class of anti-cancer drugs acting by way of mitochondrial 'destabilisation', termed 'mitocans'. In this communication, we define mitocans (many of which have been known for a long time) and classify them into several classes based on their molecular mode of action. We chose the targets that are of major importance from the point of view of their role in mitochondrial destabilisation by small compounds, some of which are now trialled as anti-cancer agents. The classification starts with targets at the surface of mitochondria and ending up with those in the mitochondrial matrix. The purpose of this review is to present in a concise manner the classification of compounds that hold a considerable promise as potential anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia.
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28
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Mitocans, Mitochondria-Targeting Anticancer Drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b12308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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29
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The proline metabolism intermediate Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate directly inhibits the mitochondrial respiration in budding yeast. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:2411-6. [PMID: 22698729 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The proline metabolism intermediate Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) induces cell death in animals, plants and yeasts. To elucidate how P5C triggers cell death, we analyzed P5C metabolism, mitochondrial respiration and superoxide anion generation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene disruption analysis revealed that P5C-mediated cell death was not due to P5C metabolism. Interestingly, deficiency in mitochondrial respiration suppressed the sensitivity of yeast cells to P5C. In addition, we found that P5C inhibits the mitochondrial respiration and induces a burst of superoxide anions from the mitochondria. We propose that P5C regulates cell death via the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration.
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Aguiló JI, Iturralde M, Monleón I, Iñarrea P, Pardo J, Martínez-Lorenzo MJ, Anel A, Alava MA. Cytotoxicity of quinone drugs on highly proliferative human leukemia T cells: Reactive oxygen species generation and inactive shortened SOD1 isoform implications. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 198:18-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Cheng WY, Currier J, Bromberg PA, Silbajoris R, Simmons SO, Samet JM. Linking oxidative events to inflammatory and adaptive gene expression induced by exposure to an organic particulate matter component. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2012; 120:267-74. [PMID: 21997482 PMCID: PMC3279454 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxicological studies have correlated inflammatory effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) with its organic constituents, such as the organic electrophile 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NQ). OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanisms involved in 1,2-NQ-induced inflammatory responses, we examined the role of oxidant stress in 1,2-NQ-induced expression of inflammatory and adaptive genes in a human airway epithelial cell line. METHODS We measured cytosolic redox status and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in living cells using the genetically encoded green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based fluorescent indicators roGFP2 and HyPer, respectively. Expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA was measured in BEAS-2B cells exposed to 1,2-NQ for 1-4 hr. Catalase overexpression and metabolic inhibitors were used to determine the role of redox changes and H2O2 in 1,2-NQ-induced gene expression. RESULTS Cells expressing roGFP2 and HyPer showed a rapid loss of redox potential and an increase in H2O2 of mitochondrial origin following exposure to 1,2-NQ. Overexpression of catalase diminished the H2O2-dependent signal but not the 1,2-NQ-induced loss of reducing potential. Catalase overexpression and inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration diminished elevations in IL-8 and COX-2 induced by exposure to 1,2-NQ, but potentiated HO-1 mRNA levels in BEAS cells. CONCLUSION These data show that 1,2-NQ exposure induces mitochondrial production of H2O2 that mediates the expression of inflammatory genes, but not the concurrent loss of reducing redox potential in BEAS cells. 1,2-NQ exposure also causes marked expression of HO-1 that appears to be enhanced by suppression of H2O2. These findings shed light into the oxidant-dependent events that underlie cellular responses to environmental electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yun Cheng
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Rohlena J, Dong LF, Ralph SJ, Neuzil J. Anticancer drugs targeting the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:2951-74. [PMID: 21777145 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.3990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria are emerging as highly intriguing organelles showing promise but that are yet to be fully exploited as targets for anticancer drugs. RECENT ADVANCES A group of compounds that induce mitochondrial destabilization, thereby affecting the physiology of cancer cells, has been defined and termed 'mitocans.' Based on their mode of action of targeting in and around mitochondria, we have placed these agents into several groups including hexokinase inhibitors, compounds targeting Bcl-2 family proteins, thiol redox inhibitors, VDAC/ANT targeting drugs, electron transport chain-targeting drugs, lipophilic cations targeting the inner membrane, agents affecting the tricarboxylic acid cycle, drugs targeting mtDNA, and agents targeting other presently unknown sites. CRITICAL ISSUES Mitocans have a potential to prove highly efficient in suppressing various malignant diseases in a selective manner. They include compounds that are currently in clinical trial and offer substantial promise to become clinically applied drugs. Here we update and redefine the individual classes of mitocans, providing examples of the various members of these groups with a particular focus on agents targeting the electron transport chain, and indicate their potential application in clinical practice. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Even though reactive oxygen species induction is important for the anticancer activity of many mitocans, the precise sequence of events preceding and following this pivotal event are not yet fully clarified, and warrant further investigation. This is imperative for effective deployment of these compounds in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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dos Santos GAS, Abreu e Lima RS, Pestana CR, Lima ASG, Scheucher PS, Thomé CH, Gimenes-Teixeira HL, Santana-Lemos BAA, Lucena-Araujo AR, Rodrigues FP, Nasr R, Uyemura SA, Falcão RP, de Thé H, Pandolfi PP, Curti C, Rego EM. (+)α-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I and is as effective as arsenic trioxide or ATRA against acute promyelocytic leukemia in vivo. Leukemia 2011; 26:451-60. [PMID: 21869839 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin E derivative (+)α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) exerts pro-apoptotic effects in a wide range of tumors and is well tolerated by normal tissues. Previous studies point to a mitochondrial involvement in the action mechanism; however, the early steps have not been fully elucidated. In a model of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) derived from hCG-PML-RARα transgenic mice, we demonstrated that α-TOS is as effective as arsenic trioxide or all-trans retinoic acid, the current gold standards of therapy. We also demonstrated that α-TOS induces an early dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential in APL cells and studies with isolated mitochondria revealed that this action may result from the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Moreover, α-TOS promoted accumulation of reactive oxygen species hours before mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspases activation. Therefore, an in vivo antileukemic action and a novel mitochondrial target were revealed for α-TOS, as well as mitochondrial respiratory complex I was highlighted as potential target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A S dos Santos
- Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Institute of Science and Technology on Cell Based Therapy, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Fedeles BI, Zhu AY, Young KS, Hillier SM, Proffitt KD, Essigmann JM, Croy RG. Chemical genetics analysis of an aniline mustard anticancer agent reveals complex I of the electron transport chain as a target. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:33910-20. [PMID: 21832047 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.278390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor agent 11β (CAS 865070-37-7), consisting of a DNA-damaging aniline mustard linked to an androgen receptor (AR) ligand, is known to form covalent DNA adducts and to induce apoptosis potently in AR-positive prostate cancer cells in vitro; it also strongly prevents growth of LNCaP xenografts in mice. The present study describes the unexpectedly strong activity of 11β against the AR-negative HeLa cells, both in cell culture and tumor xenografts, and uncovers a new mechanism of action that likely explains this activity. Cellular fractionation experiments indicated that mitochondria are the major intracellular sink for 11β; flow cytometry studies showed that 11β exposure rapidly induced oxidative stress, mitochondria being an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, 11β inhibited oxygen consumption both in intact HeLa cells and in isolated mitochondria. Specifically, 11β blocked uncoupled oxygen consumption when mitochondria were incubated with complex I substrates, but it had no effect on oxygen consumption driven by substrates acting downstream of complex I in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Moreover, 11β enhanced ROS generation in isolated mitochondria, suggesting that complex I inhibition is responsible for ROS production. At the cellular level, the presence of antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine or vitamin E) significantly reduced the toxicity of 11β, implicating ROS production as an important contributor to cytotoxicity. Collectively, our findings establish complex I inhibition and ROS generation as a new mechanism of action for 11β, which supplements conventional DNA adduct formation to promote cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan I Fedeles
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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35
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Hou X, Huang F, Carboni JM, Flatten K, Asmann YW, Ten Eyck C, Nakanishi T, Tibodeau JD, Ross DD, Gottardis MM, Erlichman C, Kaufmann SH, Haluska P. Drug efflux by breast cancer resistance protein is a mechanism of resistance to the benzimidazole insulin-like growth factor receptor/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-536924. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:117-25. [PMID: 21220496 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical investigations have identified insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling as a key mechanism for cancer growth and resistance to clinically useful therapies in multiple tumor types including breast cancer. Thus, agents targeting and blocking IGF signaling have promise in the treatment of solid tumors. To identify possible mechanisms of resistance to blocking the IGF pathway, we generated a cell line that was resistant to the IGF-1R/InsR benzimidazole inhibitors, BMS-554417 and BMS-536924, and compared expression profiles of the parental and resistant cells lines using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 arrays. Compared with MCF-7 cells, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) expression was increased 9-fold in MCF-7R4, which was confirmed by immunoblotting and was highly statistically significant (P = 7.13E-09). BCRP was also upregulated in an independently derived resistant cell line, MCF-7 924R. MCF-7R4 cells had significantly lower intracellular accumulation of BMS-536924 compared with MCF-7 cells. Expression of BCRP in MCF-7 cells was sufficient to reduce sensitivity to BMS-536924. Furthermore, knockdown of BCRP in MCF-7R4 cells resensitized cells to BMS-536924. Four cell lines selected for resistance to the pyrrolotriazine IGF-1R/InsR inhibitor, BMS-754807, did not have upregulation of BCRP. These data suggest that benzimidazole IGF-1R/InsR inhibitors may select for upregulation and be effluxed by the ATP-binding cassette transporter, BCRP, contributing to resistance. However, pyrrolotriazine IGF-1R/InsR inhibitors do not appear to be affected by this resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Hou
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Therapeutic strategies to enhance the anticancer efficacy of histone deacetylase inhibitors. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:514261. [PMID: 21765634 PMCID: PMC3134392 DOI: 10.1155/2011/514261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation is a posttranslational modification that plays a role in regulating gene expression. More recently, other nonhistone proteins have been identified to be acetylated which can regulate their function, stability, localization, or interaction with other molecules. Modulating acetylation with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) has been validated to have anticancer effects in preclinical and clinical cancer models. This has led to development and approval of the first HDACi, vorinostat, for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. However, to date, targeting acetylation with HDACi as a monotherapy has shown modest activity against other cancers. To improve their efficacy, HDACi have been paired with other antitumor agents. Here, we discuss several combination therapies, highlighting various epigenetic drugs, ROS-generating agents, proteasome inhibitors, and DNA-damaging compounds that together may provide a therapeutic advantage over single-agent strategies.
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The many faces of the adamantyl group in drug design. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1949-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
Mutations in cancer cells affecting subunits of the respiratory chain (RC) indicate a central role of oxidative phosphorylation for tumourigenesis. Recent studies have suggested that such mutations of RC complexes impact apoptosis induction. We review here the evidence for this hypothesis, which in particular emerged from work on how complex I and II mediate signals for apoptosis. Both protein aggregates are specifically inhibited for apoptosis induction through different means by exploiting with protease activation and pH change, two widespread but independent features of dying cells. Nevertheless, both converge on forming reactive oxygen species for the demise of the cell. Investigations into these mitochondrial processes will remain a rewarding area for unravelling the causes of tumourigenesis and for discovering interference options.
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Smith AJ, Dai H, Correia C, Takahashi R, Lee SH, Schmitz I, Kaufmann SH. Noxa/Bcl-2 protein interactions contribute to bortezomib resistance in human lymphoid cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:17682-92. [PMID: 21454712 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.189092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the BH3 domain of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Noxa only interacts with the anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and A1 but not Bcl-2. In view of the similarity of the BH3 binding domains of these anti-apoptotic proteins as well as recent evidence that studies of isolated BH3 domains can potentially underestimate the binding between full-length Bcl-2 family members, we examined the interaction of full-length human Noxa with anti-apoptotic human Bcl-2 family members. Surface plasmon resonance using bacterially expressed proteins demonstrated that Noxa binds with mean dissociation constants (K(D)) of 3.4 nm for Mcl-1, 70 nm for Bcl-x(L), and 250 nm for wild type human Bcl-2, demonstrating selectivity but not absolute specificity of Noxa for Mcl-1. Further analysis showed that the Noxa/Bcl-2 interaction reflected binding between the Noxa BH3 domain and the Bcl-2 BH3 binding groove. Analysis of proteins expressed in vivo demonstrated that Noxa and Bcl-2 can be pulled down together from a variety of cells. Moreover, when compared with wild type Bcl-2, certain lymphoma-derived Bcl-2 mutants bound Noxa up to 20-fold more tightly in vitro, pulled down more Noxa from cells, and protected cells against killing by transfected Noxa to a greater extent. When killing by bortezomib (an agent whose cytotoxicity in Jurkat T-cell leukemia cells is dependent on Noxa) was examined, apoptosis was enhanced by the Bcl-2/Bcl-x(L) antagonist ABT-737 or by Bcl-2 down-regulation and diminished by Bcl-2 overexpression. Collectively, these observations not only establish the ability of Noxa and Bcl-2 to interact but also identify Bcl-2 overexpression as a potential mechanism of bortezomib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson J Smith
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Burke AC, Swords RT, Kelly K, Giles FJ. Current status of agents active against the T315I chronic myeloid leukemia phenotype. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2011; 16:85-103. [DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2011.531698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Villa-Abrille MC, Cingolani E, Cingolani HE, Alvarez BV. Silencing of cardiac mitochondrial NHE1 prevents mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 300:H1237-51. [PMID: 21297023 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00840.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 (NHE1) reduces cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and also cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Although the mechanisms underlying these NHE1-mediated effects suggest delay of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, and reduction of mitochondrial-derived superoxide production, the possibility of NHE1 blockade targeting mitochondria has been incompletely explored. A short-hairpin RNA sequence mediating specific knock down of NHE1 expression was incorporated into a lentiviral vector (shRNA-NHE1) and transduced in the rat myocardium. NHE1 expression of mitochondrial lysates revealed that shRNA-NHE1 transductions reduced mitochondrial NHE1 (mNHE1) by ∼60%, supporting the expression of NHE1 in mitochondria membranes. Electron microscopy studies corroborate the presence of NHE1 in heart mitochondria. Immunostaining of rat cardiomyocytes also suggests colocalization of NHE1 with the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase. To examine the functional role of mNHE1, mitochondrial suspensions were exposed to increasing concentrations of CaCl(2) to induce MPTP opening and consequently mitochondrial swelling. shRNA-NHE1 transduction reduced CaCl(2)-induced mitochondrial swelling by 64 ± 4%. Whereas the NHE1 inhibitor HOE-642 (10 μM) decreased mitochondrial Ca(2+)-induced swelling in rats transduced with nonsilencing RNAi (37 ± 6%), no additional HOE-642 effects were detected in mitochondria from rats transduced with shRNA-NHE1. We have characterized the expression and function of NHE1 in rat heart mitochondria. Because mitochondria from rats injected with shRNA-NHE1 present a high threshold for MPTP formation, the beneficial effects of NHE1 inhibition in I/R resulting from mitochondrial targeting should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Villa-Abrille
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
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Lim HY, Ho QS, Low J, Choolani M, Wong KP. Respiratory competent mitochondria in human ovarian and peritoneal cancer. Mitochondrion 2011; 11:437-43. [PMID: 21211574 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2010.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Impaired respiration was proposed by Warburg to be responsible for aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. However, intact mitochondria isolated from human ovarian and peritoneal cancer tissues exhibit substantive oxidative phosphorylating activities in terms of membrane potential, ATP biosynthesis and oxygen consumption. The specific activities of succinate, malate and glutamate dehydrogenases are comparable to reported values for human skeletal muscle, heart and liver but the rate of ATP production is one order of magnitude lower compared to human skeletal muscle. It was concluded that the TCA cycle is functional in these ovarian cancer tissues which contain OXPHOS competent mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwee Ying Lim
- Departments of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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Fer ND, Shoemaker RH, Monks A. Adaphostin toxicity in a sensitive non-small cell lung cancer model is mediated through Nrf2 signaling and heme oxygenase 1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2010; 29:91. [PMID: 20618971 PMCID: PMC2909968 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Preclinical toxicity of adaphostin has been related to oxidative stress. This study investigated the regulatory mechanism underlying adaphostin induction of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) which plays a significant role in modulation of drug-induced toxicity in the non-small cell lung cancer cell line model, NCI-H522. Methods The transcriptional response of NCI-H522 to adaphostin prominently involved oxidative stress genes, particularly HMOX1. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) involvement was additionally established by generation of ROS prior to modulation of adaphostin-toxicity with antioxidants. To identify up-stream regulatory elements of HMOX1, immunofluorescence was used to evaluate nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), in the presence of adaphostin. The PI3-kinase inhibitor, wortmannin, was employed as a pharmacological inhibitor of this process. Results Generation of ROS provided a substantial foundation for the sensitivity of NCI-H522 to adaphostin. However, in contrast to leukemia cell lines, transcriptional response to oxidative stress was associated with induction of HMOX1, which was dependent on nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, Nrf2. Pretreatment of cells with wortmannin inhibited translocation of Nrf2 and induction of HMOX1. Wortmannin pretreatment was also able to diminish adaphostin induction of HMOX1, and as a consequence, enhance the toxicity of adaphostin to NCI-H522. Conclusions Adaphostin-induced oxidative stress in NCI-H522 was mediated through nuclear translocation of Nrf2 leading to upregulation of HMOX1. Inhibition of Nrf2 translocation by wortmannin inhibited this cytoprotective response, and enhanced the toxicity of adaphostin, suggesting that inhibitors of the PI3K pathway, such as wortmannin, might augment the antiproliferative effects of adaphostin in solid tumors that depend on the Nrf2/ARE pathway for protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Fer
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, 1050 Boyles Street, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Ballot C, Kluza J, Lancel S, Martoriati A, Hassoun SM, Mortier L, Vienne JC, Briand G, Formstecher P, Bailly C, Nevière R, Marchetti P. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration mediates apoptosis induced by the anti-tumoral alkaloid lamellarin D. Apoptosis 2010; 15:769-81. [PMID: 20151196 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-010-0471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lamellarin D (Lam D), a marine alkaloid, exhibits a potent cytotoxicity against many different tumors. The pro-apoptotic function of Lam D has been attributed to its direct induction of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). This study was undertaken to explore the mechanisms through which Lam D promotes changes in mitochondrial function and as a result apoptosis. The use of eight Lam derivatives provides useful structure-apoptosis relationships. We demonstrate that Lam D and structural analogues induce apoptosis of cancer cells by acting directly on mitochondria inducing reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, swelling and cytochrome c release. Cyclosporin A, a well-known inhibitor of MPT, completely prevents mitochondrial signs of apoptosis. The drug decreases calcium uptake by mitochondria but not by microsomes indicating that Lam D-dependent permeability is specific to mitochondrial membranes. In addition, upon Lam D exposure, a rapid decline of mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis occurs in isolated mitochondria as well as in intact cells. Evaluation of the site of action of Lam D on the electron-transport chain revealed that the activity of respiratory chain complex III is reduced by a half. To determine whether Lam D could induce MPT-dependent apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, we generated respiration-deficient cells (rho0) derived from human melanoma cells. In comparison to parental cells, rho0 cells are totally resistant to the induction of MPT-dependent apoptosis by Lam D. Our results indicate that functional mitochondria are required for Lam D-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration is responsible for MPT-dependent apoptosis of cancer cells induced by Lam-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ballot
- Inserm U837 and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille II, 1 Place Verdun, 59045, Lille Cedex, France
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Heikal AA. Intracellular coenzymes as natural biomarkers for metabolic activities and mitochondrial anomalies. Biomark Med 2010; 4:241-63. [PMID: 20406068 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.10.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy metabolism, programmed cell death and oxidative stress. Mutated mitochondrial DNA in diseased cells compromises the structure of key enzyme complexes and, therefore, mitochondrial function, which leads to a myriad of health-related conditions such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and aging. Early detection of mitochondrial and metabolic anomalies is an essential step towards effective diagnoses and therapeutic intervention. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) play important roles in a wide range of cellular oxidation-reduction reactions. Importantly, NADH and FAD are naturally fluorescent, which allows noninvasive imaging of metabolic activities of living cells and tissues. Furthermore, NADH and FAD autofluorescence, which can be excited using distinct wavelengths for complementary imaging methods and is sensitive to protein binding and local environment. This article highlights recent developments concerning intracellular NADH and FAD as potential biomarkers for metabolic and mitochondrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Heikal
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812-2496, USA.
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Hoyt MT, Palchaudhuri R, Hergenrother PJ. Cribrostatin 6 induces death in cancer cells through a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mechanism. Invest New Drugs 2010; 29:562-73. [PMID: 20169400 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cribrostatin 6 is a quinone-containing natural product that induces the death of cancer cell lines in culture, and its mechanism of action and scope of activity are unknown. Here we show that cribrostatin 6 has broad anticancer activity, potently inducing apoptotic cell death that is not preceded by any defined cell cycle arrest. Consistent with this data, we find that cribrostatin 6 treated cells have large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, based on transcript profiling experiments and other data, this ROS generation is likely the primary mechanism by which cribrostatin 6 induces apoptosis. Given the success of certain ROS producers as anticancer agents, cribrostatin 6 has potential as a novel chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirth T Hoyt
- Department of Chemistry, Roger Adams Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Liu W, Chaspoul F, Botta C, De Méo M, Gallice P. Bioenergetics and DNA alteration of normal human fibroblasts by hexavalent chromium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 29:58-63. [PMID: 21787583 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effects of hexavalent chromium on mitochondria of normal human fibroblasts were investigated through the measurement of oxygen consumption, and its genotoxic effect through the analysis of chromium DNA adducts and oxidative DNA lesions. ROS production was also quantified. Chromium diminished oxygen consumption by cells in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50)=66±8μM). This effect can be attributed to an alteration in mitochondrial functions, leading to defective glucose catabolism. The Comet assay, performed with and without the lesion-specific enzyme formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg), highlighted the extent of oxidative DNA base damage. DNA base damage was induced with low concentrations (0.5-3μM) of Cr(VI), whereas bioenergetic disturbance was only observed at higher concentrations (20-500μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liu
- Biogénotoxicologie et Mutagénèse Environnementale (EA 1784-FR 3098 ECCOREV), Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
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Sánchez Y, Calle C, de Blas E, Aller P. Modulation of arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis by genistein and functionally related agents in U937 human leukaemia cells. Regulation by ROS and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 182:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Chandra J. Oxidative stress by targeted agents promotes cytotoxicity in hematologic malignancies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11:1123-37. [PMID: 19018667 PMCID: PMC2842131 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen an exponential increase in the number of cancer therapies with defined molecular targets. Interestingly, many of these new agents are also documented to raise levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in addition to inhibiting a biochemical target. In most cases, the exact link between the primary target of the drug and effects on cellular redox status is unknown. However, it is important to understand the role of oxidative stress in promoting cytotoxicity by these agents, because the design of multiregimen strategies could conceivably build on these redox alterations. Also, drug resistance mediated by antioxidant defenses could potentially be anticipated and circumvented with improved knowledge of the redox-related effects of these targeted agents. Given the large number of targeted chemotherapies, in this review, we focus on selected agents that have shown promise in hematologic malignancies: proteasome inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, Bcl-2-targeted agents, and a kinase inhibitor called adaphostin. Despite structural differences within classes of these compounds, a commonality of causing increased oxidative stress exists, which contributes to induction of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joya Chandra
- Department of Pediatrics Research, Unit 853, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Dong LF, Freeman R, Liu J, Zobalova R, Marin-Hernandez A, Stantic M, Rohlena J, Valis K, Rodriguez-Enriquez S, Butcher B, Goodwin J, Brunk UT, Witting PK, Moreno-Sanchez R, Scheffler IE, Ralph SJ, Neuzil J. Suppression of Tumor Growth In vivo by the Mitocan α-tocopheryl Succinate Requires Respiratory Complex II. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:1593-600. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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