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Ni C, Hong M. Oligomerization of drug transporters: Forms, functions, and mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1924-1938. [PMID: 38799641 PMCID: PMC11119549 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug transporters are essential players in the transmembrane transport of a wide variety of clinical drugs. The broad substrate spectra and versatile distribution pattern of these membrane proteins infer their pharmacological and clinical significance. With our accumulating knowledge on the three-dimensional structure of drug transporters, their oligomerization status has become a topic of intense study due to the possible functional roles carried out by such kind of post-translational modification (PTM). In-depth studies of oligomeric complexes formed among drug transporters as well as their interactions with other regulatory proteins can help us better understand the regulatory mechanisms of these membrane proteins, provide clues for the development of novel drugs, and improve the therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe different oligomerization forms as well as their structural basis of major drug transporters in the ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier superfamilies, summarize our current knowledge on the influence of oligomerization for protein expression level and transport function of these membrane proteins, and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of oligomerization. Finally, we highlight the challenges associated with the current oligomerization studies and propose some thoughts on the pharmaceutical application of this important drug transporter PTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxu Ni
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mei Hong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Mineiro R, Santos C, Gonçalves I, Lemos M, Cavaco JEB, Quintela T. Regulation of ABC transporters by sex steroids may explain differences in drug resistance between sexes. J Physiol Biochem 2023:10.1007/s13105-023-00957-1. [PMID: 36995571 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Drug efficacy is dependent on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutic agents. Tight junctions, detoxification enzymes, and drug transporters, due to their localization on epithelial barriers, modulate the absorption, distribution, and the elimination of a drug. The epithelial barriers which control the pharmacokinetic processes are sex steroid hormone targets, and in this way, sex hormones may also control the drug transport across these barriers. Thus, sex steroids contribute to sex differences in drug resistance and have a relevant impact on the sex-related efficacy of many therapeutic drugs. As a consequence, for the further development and optimization of therapeutic strategies, the sex of the individuals must be taken into consideration. Here, we gather and discuss the evidence about the regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporters by sex steroids, and we also describe the signaling pathways by which sex steroids modulate ATP-binding cassette transporters expression, with a focus in the most important ATP-binding cassette transporters involved in multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Mineiro
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique. 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cecília Santos
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique. 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique. 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Manuel Lemos
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique. 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo B Cavaco
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique. 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique. 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
- UDI-IPG-Unidade de Investigação Para o Desenvolvimento Do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal.
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Lye P, Bloise E, Matthews SG. Effects of bacterial and viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters in brain endothelial cells of the developing human blood-brain barrier. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:8. [PMID: 36721242 PMCID: PMC9887585 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters, P-glycoprotein (P-gp, encoded by ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) contribute to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), protecting the brain from drug exposure. The impact of infection on MDR in the developing human BBB remains to be determined. We hypothesized that exposure to bacterial and viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) modify MDR expression and activity in human fetal brain endothelial cells (hfBECs) isolated from early and mid-gestation brain microvessels. METHODS We modelled infection (4 h and 24 h) using the bacterial PAMP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS; a toll-like receptor [TLR]-4 ligand) or the viral PAMPs, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C; TLR-3 ligand) and single-stranded RNA (ssRNA; TLR-7/8 ligand). mRNA expression was assessed by qPCR, whereas protein expression was assessed by Western blot or immunofluorescence. P-gp and BCRP activity was evaluated by Calcein-AM and Chlorin-6 assays. RESULTS TLRs-3,4 and 8 were expressed by the isolated hfBECs. Infection mimics induced specific pro-inflammatory responses as well as changes in P-gp/ABCB1 or BCRP/ABCG2 expression (P < 0.05). LPS and ssRNA significantly decreased P-gp activity at 4 and 24 h in early and mid-gestation (P < 0.03-P < 0.001), but significantly increased BCRP activity in hfBECs in a dose-dependent pattern (P < 0.05-P < 0.002). In contrast, Poly-IC significantly decreased P-gp activity after 4 h in early (P < 0.01) and mid gestation (P < 0.04), but not 24 h, and had no overall effect on BCRP activity, though BCRP activity was increased with the highest dose at 24 h in mid-gestation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Infectious PAMPs significantly modify the expression and function of MDR transporters in hfBECs, though effects are PAMP-, time- and dose-specific. In conclusion, bacterial and viral infections during pregnancy likely have profound effects on exposure of the fetal brain to physiological and pharmacological substrates of P-gp and BCRP, potentially leading to altered trajectories of fetal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phetcharawan Lye
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building Room 3207, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Enrrico Bloise
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, N3-292, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Stephen G Matthews
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building Room 3207, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Wang X, Hong M. Protein Kinases and Cross-talk between Post-translational Modifications in the Regulation of Drug Transporters. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 103:9-20. [PMID: 36302660 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.122.000604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug transporters are modulators for drug absorption, distribution, and excretion. Key drug transporters including P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein of the ABC superfamily; organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 and 1B3, organic anion transporter 1 and 3, and organic cation transporter 2, as well as multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 and 2 of the SLC superfamily have been recommended by regulatory agencies to be investigated and evaluated in drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies due to their important roles in determining the efficacy, toxicity and DDI of various drugs. Drug transporters are subjected to multiple levels of control and post-translational modifications (PTMs) provide rapid and versatile ways of regulation. Under pathologic and/or pharmacological conditions, PTMs may be altered in the cellular system, leading to functional changes of transporter proteins. Phosphorylation is by far the most actively investigated form of PTMs in the regulation of transporters. Further, studies in recent years also found that protein kinases coordinate with other PTMs for the dynamic control of these membrane proteins. Here we summarized the regulation of major drug transporters by protein kinases and their cross-talking with other PTMs that may generate a complex regulatory network for fine-tuning the function of these important drug processing modulators. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Kinases regulate drug transporters in versatile manners; Kinase regulation cross-talks with other PTMs, forming a complex network for transporter regulation; Pathological and/or pharmacological conditions may alter PTMs and affect transporter function with different molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (X.W. and M.H.), and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (M.H.)
| | - Mei Hong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (X.W. and M.H.), and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (M.H.)
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5
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Managing Cancer Drug Resistance from the Perspective of Inflammation. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3426407. [PMID: 36245983 PMCID: PMC9553519 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3426407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy is a major obstacle to the effective treatment of human malignant tumors. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that inflammation is closely related to cancer and plays a key role in the development of both solid and liquid tumors. Therefore, targeting inflammation and the molecules involved in the inflammatory process may be a good strategy for treating drug-resistant tumors. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation in regulating anticancer drug resistance by modulating drug action and drug-mediated cell death pathways. Inflammation alters the effectiveness of drugs through modulation of the expression of multidrug efflux transporters (e.g., ABCG2, ABCB1, and ABCC1) and drug-metabolizing enzymes (e.g., CYP1A2 and CYP3A4). In addition, inflammation can protect cancer cells from drug-mediated cell death by regulating DNA damage repair, downstream adaptive response (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, and oncogenic bypass signaling), and tumor microenvironment. Intriguingly, manipulating inflammation may affect drug resistance through various molecular mechanisms validated by in vitro/in vivo models. In this review, we aim to summarize the underlying molecular mechanisms that inflammation participates in cancer drug resistance and discuss the potential clinical strategies targeting inflammation to overcome drug resistance.
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Kumar P, Mishra J, Kumar N. Mechanistic Role of Jak3 in Obesity-Associated Cognitive Impairments. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183715. [PMID: 36145091 PMCID: PMC9505565 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: A compromise in intestinal mucosal functions is associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases. Previously, we reported that obese humans have a reduced expression of intestinal Janus kinase-3 (Jak3), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, and a deficiency of Jak3 in mice led to predisposition to obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. Since meta-analyses show cognitive impairment as co-morbidity of obesity, the present study demonstrates the mechanistic role of Jak3 in obesity associated cognitive impairment. Our data show that high-fat diet (HFD) suppresses Jak3 expression both in intestinal mucosa and in the brain of wild-type mice. Methodology: Recapitulating these conditions using global (Jak3-KO) and intestinal epithelial cell-specific conditional (IEC-Jak3-KO) mice and using cognitive testing, western analysis, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy and 16s rRNA sequencing, we demonstrate that HFD-induced Jak3 deficiency is responsible for cognitive impairments in mice, and these are, in part, specifically due to intestinal epithelial deficiency of Jak3. Results: We reveal that Jak3 deficiency leads to gut dysbiosis, compromised TREM-2-functions-mediated activation of microglial cells, increased TLR-4 expression and HIF1-α-mediated inflammation in the brain. Together, these lead to compromised microglial-functions-mediated increased deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau (pTau), which are responsible for cognitive impairments. Collectively, these data illustrate how the drivers of obesity promote cognitive impairment and demonstrate the underlying mechanism where HFD-mediated impact on IEC-Jak3 deficiency is responsible for Jak3 deficiency in the brain, reduced microglial TREM2 expression, microglial activation and compromised clearance of Aβ and pTau as the mechanism during obesity-associated cognitive impairments. Conclusion: Thus, we not only demonstrate the mechanism of obesity-associated cognitive impairments but also characterize the tissue-specific role of Jak3 in such conditions through mucosal tolerance, gut–brain axis and regulation of microglial functions.
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Brouwer KLR, Evers R, Hayden E, Hu S, Li CY, Meyer Zu Schwabedissen HE, Neuhoff S, Oswald S, Piquette-Miller M, Saran C, Sjöstedt N, Sprowl JA, Stahl SH, Yue W. Regulation of Drug Transport Proteins-From Mechanisms to Clinical Impact: A White Paper on Behalf of the International Transporter Consortium. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022; 112:461-484. [PMID: 35390174 PMCID: PMC9398928 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Membrane transport proteins are involved in the absorption, disposition, efficacy, and/or toxicity of many drugs. Numerous mechanisms (e.g., nuclear receptors, epigenetic gene regulation, microRNAs, alternative splicing, post‐translational modifications, and trafficking) regulate transport protein levels, localization, and function. Various factors associated with disease, medications, and dietary constituents, for example, may alter the regulation and activity of transport proteins in the intestine, liver, kidneys, brain, lungs, placenta, and other important sites, such as tumor tissue. This white paper reviews key mechanisms and regulatory factors that alter the function of clinically relevant transport proteins involved in drug disposition. Current considerations with in vitro and in vivo models that are used to investigate transporter regulation are discussed, including strengths, limitations, and the inherent challenges in predicting the impact of changes due to regulation of one transporter on compensatory pathways and overall drug disposition. In addition, translation and scaling of in vitro observations to in vivo outcomes are considered. The importance of incorporating altered transporter regulation in modeling and simulation approaches to predict the clinical impact on drug disposition is also discussed. Regulation of transporters is highly complex and, therefore, identification of knowledge gaps will aid in directing future research to expand our understanding of clinically relevant molecular mechanisms of transporter regulation. This information is critical to the development of tools and approaches to improve therapeutic outcomes by predicting more accurately the impact of regulation‐mediated changes in transporter function on drug disposition and response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L R Brouwer
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Raymond Evers
- Preclinical Sciences and Translational Safety, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hayden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Shuiying Hu
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stefan Oswald
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Chitra Saran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Noora Sjöstedt
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jason A Sprowl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Simone H Stahl
- CVRM Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Yue
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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Drug-induced liver injury and prospect of cytokine based therapy; A focus on IL-2 based therapies. Life Sci 2021; 278:119544. [PMID: 33945827 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most frequent sources of liver failure and the leading cause of liver transplant. Common non-prescription medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, and other prescription drugs when taken at more than the recommended doses may lead to DILI. The severity of DILI is affected by factors such as age, ethnicity, race, gender, nutritional status, on-going liver diseases, renal function, pregnancy, alcohol consumption, and drug-drug interactions. Characteristics of DILI-associated inflammation include apoptosis and necrosis of hepatocytes and hepatic infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells. If untreated or if the inflammation continues, DILI and associated hepatic inflammation may lead to development of hepatocarcinoma. The therapeutic approach for DILI-associated hepatic inflammation depends on whether the inflammation is acute or chronic. Discontinuing the causative medication, vaccination, and special dietary supplementation are some of the conventional approaches to treat DILI. In this review, we discuss a concise overview of DILI-associated liver complications, and current therapeutic options with special emphasis on biologics including the scope of cytokine therapy in hepatic repair and resolution of inflammation caused by over- the-counter (OTC) or prescription drugs.
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Mucosal Epithelial Jak Kinases in Health and Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6618924. [PMID: 33814980 PMCID: PMC7990561 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6618924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinases (Jaks) are a family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that include four different members, viz., Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, and Tyk2. Jaks play critical roles in immune cells functions; however, recent studies suggest they also play essential roles in nonimmune cell physiology. This review highlights the significance of epithelial Jaks in understanding the molecular basis of some of the diseases through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell survival, cell growth, development, and differentiation. Growth factors and cytokines produced by the cells of hematopoietic origin use Jak kinases for signal transduction in both immune and nonimmune cells. Among Jaks, Jak3 is widely expressed in both immune cells and in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of both humans and mice. Mutations that abrogate Jak3 functions cause an autosomal severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) while activating Jak3 mutations lead to the development of hematologic and epithelial cancers. A selective Jak3 inhibitor CP-690550 (Xeljanz) approved by the FDA for certain chronic inflammatory conditions demonstrates immunosuppressive activity in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and organ transplant rejection. Here, we also focus on the consequences of Jak3-directed drugs on adverse effects in light of recent discoveries in mucosal epithelial functions of Jak3 with some information on other Jaks. Lastly, we brief on structural implications of Jak3 domains beyond the immune cells. As information about the roles of Jak3 in gastrointestinal functions and associated diseases are only just emerging, in the review, we summarize its implications in gastrointestinal wound repair, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity-associated metabolic syndrome, and epithelial cancers. Lastly, we shed lights on identifying potential novel targets in developing therapeutic interventions of diseases associated with dysfunctional IEC.
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Alim K, Bruyère A, Lescoat A, Jouan E, Lecureur V, Le Vée M, Fardel O. Interactions of janus kinase inhibitors with drug transporters and consequences for pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:259-271. [PMID: 33292029 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1862084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKinibs) constitute an emerging and promising pharmacological class of anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer drugs, used notably for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and some myeloproliferative neoplasms.Areas covered: This review provides an overview of the interactions between marketed JAKinibs and major uptake and efflux drug transporters. Consequences regarding pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions and toxicity are summarized.Expert opinion: JAKinibs interact in vitro with transporters in various ways, as inhibitors or as substrates of transporters or as regulators of transporter expression. This may theoretically result in drug-drug interactions (DDIs), with JAKinibs acting as perpetrators or as victims, or in toxicity, via impairment of thiamine transport. Clinical significance in terms of DDIs for JAKinib-transporter interactions remains however poorly documented. In this context, the in vivo unbound concentration of JAKinibs is likely a key parameter to consider for evaluating the clinical relevance of JAKinibs-mediated transporter inhibition. Additionally, the interplay with drug metabolism as well as possible interactions with transporters of emerging importance and time-dependent inhibition have to be taken into account. The role drug transporters may play in controlling cellular JAKinib concentrations and efficacy in target cells is also an issue of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Alim
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Arnaud Bruyère
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Lescoat
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Elodie Jouan
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Valérie Lecureur
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Le Vée
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Fardel
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut De Recherche En Santé, Environnement Et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
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Zhang X, Shan S, Shi J, Li H, Li Z. Polyphenol from millet bran increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin by blocking the ganglioside GM3 catabolism. Food Funct 2021; 12:291-301. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The study implies that bound polyphenol from millet bran dramatically prevents ganglioside GM3 catabolism followed by the suppression of P-gp, which eventually reverse drug-resistance in colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Shuhua Shan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education
- Institute of Biotechnology
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- China
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12
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Inulin supplementation ameliorates hyperuricemia and modulates gut microbiota in Uox-knockout mice. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:2217-2230. [PMID: 33104864 PMCID: PMC8137640 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Inulin is a type of fermentable dietary fiber, which is non-digestible, and can improve metabolic function by modulating intestinal microbiota. This study aimed to evaluate the role of inulin in hyperuricemia and microbial composition of the gut microbiota in a mouse model of hyperuricemia established through knockout of Uox (urate oxidase) gene. Methods KO (Uox-knockout) and WT (wild-type) mice were given inulin or saline by gavage for 7 weeks. The effect of inulin to combat hyperuricemia was determined by assessing the changes in serum UA (uric acid) levels, inflammatory parameters, epithelial barrier integrity, fecal microbiota alterations, and SCFA (short-chain fatty acid) concentrations in KO mice. Results Inulin supplementation can effectively alleviate hyperuricemia, increase the expressions of ABCG2 in intestine, and downregulate expression and activity of hepatic XOD (xanthine oxidase) in KO mice. It was revealed that the levels of inflammatory cytokines and the LPS (lipopolysaccharide) were remarkably higher in the KO group than those in the WT group, indicating systemic inflammation of hyperuricemic mice, but inulin treatment ameliorated inflammation in KO mice. Besides, inulin treatment repaired the intestinal epithelial barrier as evidenced by increased levels of intestinal TJ (tight junction) proteins [ZO-1 (zonula occludens-1) and occluding] in KO mice. Moreover, serum levels of uremic toxins, including IS (indoxyl sulfate) and PCS (p-cresol sulfate), were reduced in inulin-treated KO mice. Further investigation unveiled that inulin supplementation enhanced microbial diversity and raised the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, involving SCFAs-producing bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia and Ruminococcus). Additionally, inulin treatment increased the production of gut microbiota-derived SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate concentrations) in KO mice, which was positively correlated with the effectiveness of hyperuricemia relief. Conclusions Our findings showed that inulin may be a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia. Moreover, alleviation of hyperuricemia by inulin supplementation was, at least, partially conciliated by modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-020-02414-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Iron Metabolism in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155529. [PMID: 32752277 PMCID: PMC7432525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excessive adipose tissue accumulation that may have detrimental effects on health. Particularly, childhood obesity has become one of the main public health problems in the 21st century, since its prevalence has widely increased in recent years. Childhood obesity is intimately related to the development of several comorbidities such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-congenital cardiovascular disease, chronic inflammation and anemia, among others. Within this tangled interplay between these comorbidities and associated pathological conditions, obesity has been closely linked to important perturbations in iron metabolism. Iron is the second most abundant metal on Earth, but its bioavailability is hampered by its ability to form highly insoluble oxides, with iron deficiency being the most common nutritional disorder. Although every living organism requires iron, it may also cause toxic oxygen damage by generating oxygen free radicals through the Fenton reaction. Thus, iron homeostasis and metabolism must be tightly regulated in humans at every level (i.e., absorption, storage, transport, recycling). Dysregulation of any step involved in iron metabolism may lead to iron deficiencies and, eventually, to the anemic state related to obesity. In this review article, we summarize the existent evidence on the role of the most recently described components of iron metabolism and their alterations in obesity.
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