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Mubarrat ST, Chowdhury S. Convolutional LSTM: a deep learning approach to predict shoulder joint reaction forces. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2023; 26:65-77. [PMID: 35234548 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2022.2045974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We developed a Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) network to predict shoulder joint reaction forces using 3D shoulder kinematics data containing 30 different shoulder activities from eight human subjects. We considered simulation outcomes from the AnyBody musculoskeletal model as the baseline force dataset to validate ConvLSTM model predictions. Results showed a good correlation (>80% accuracy, r ≥ 0.82) between ConvLSTM predicted and AnyBody estimated force values, the generalization of the developed model for novel task type (p-value = 0.07 ∼ 0.33), and a better prediction accuracy for the ConvLSTM model than conventional CNN and LSTM models.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Mubarrat
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - S Chowdhury
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Park K, Jeong H, Jung J, Hyun S, Baek S, Park J, Park W. Sex differences in perceived discomfort during seated static posture holding. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:1711-1721. [PMID: 35282792 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2053210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated how sex modifies postural discomfort perception during a sagittally-symmetric, seated static posture holding (SPH) task. Ten male and 10 female participants performed SPH and conducted subjective discomfort ratings in a total of 108 task conditions. A regression analysis found that the impacts of the body joint reactive moments on perceived discomfort were larger for the female group than the male whereas that of the shoulder joint angle was more pronounced for the male than the female. Also, some of the 108 task conditions were found to be more uncomfortable for the male group, while some others, for the female. The observed sex impacts are thought to be due to the sex differences in physical work capacities (muscular strength and joint flexibility). The results suggest that new posture analysis tools allowing sex-specific analyses are needed as they would improve the accuracy and precision of ergonomics posture analyses. Practitioner summary: This study empirically investigated how sex modifies postural discomfort perception during a seated posture holding (SPH) task. Sex was found to modify the impacts of joint reactive moments and the shoulder joint angle. The study results seem to reflect the sex differences in muscular strength and joint flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyun Park
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haeseok Jeong
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaemoon Jung
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soomin Hyun
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungwon Baek
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhee Park
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojin Park
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute for Industrial Systems Innovation, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ma KY, Nadon AL, McDonald AC, Dickerson CR. Assessing potential trade-offs between the lower back and shoulders: influence of lift training intervention on joint demands. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022; 28:68-75. [DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2020.1733343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y. Ma
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Canada
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Goubault E, Martinez R, Bouffard J, Dowling-Medley J, Begon M, Dal Maso F. Shoulder electromyography-based indicators to assess manifestation of muscle fatigue during laboratory-simulated manual handling task. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:118-133. [PMID: 34279186 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1958013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscle fatigue is a risk factor for developing shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to identify shoulder electromyographic indicators that are most indicative of muscle fatigue during a laboratory simulated manual handling task. Thirty-two participants were equipped with electromyographic electrodes on 10 shoulder muscles and moved boxes for 45-minutes. The modified rate of perceived exertion (mRPE) was assessed every 5-minutes and multivariate linear regressions were performed between myoelectric manifestation of fatigue (MMF) and the mRPE scores. During a manual handling task representative of industry working conditions, spectral entropy, median frequency, and mobility were the electromyographic indicators that explained the largest percentage of the mRPE. Overall, the deltoids, biceps and upper trapezius were the muscles that most often showed significant changes over time in their electromyographic indicators. The combination of these three indicators may improve the accuracy for the assessment of MMF during manual handling. Practitioner Summary: To date, muscle fatigue has primarily been assessed during tasks done to exhaustion, which are not representative of typical working conditions. During a manual handling task representative of industry working conditions, EMG-derived spectral entropy, and median frequency, both extracted from time-frequency analysis, and mobility extracted from time domain, were the best indicators of the manifestation of muscle fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Goubault
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, École de Kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Laval, Canada
| | - Romain Martinez
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, École de Kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Laval, Canada
| | - Jason Bouffard
- Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Dowling-Medley
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, École de Kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Laval, Canada
| | - Mickaël Begon
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, École de Kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Laval, Canada
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fabien Dal Maso
- Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation du Mouvement, École de Kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Laval, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage
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Uchino D, Hirai T, Arai S, Ikeda K, Kato T, Liu X, Endo A, Kato H, Narita T. Active Steering Wheel System for Ultra-Compact Mobility Vehicles: Operability Evaluation with Steering Burden in Various Drivers. JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS AND MECHATRONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.20965/jrm.2021.p1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In ultra-compact electric vehicles, the satisfactory installation of an assist mechanism for steering operation is difficult. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose an active steering wheel system in which the steering wheel and tires are electrically connected, without a mechanical connection. Furthermore, in ultra-compact mobility vehicles where the driving position is restricted, steering burden is likely to occur depending on the physique of the driver. However, whether the effects of the steering reaction torque and the amount of steering increase the burden on the driver in such vehicles has not yet been clarified. Therefore, in this study, we developed an upper limb burden model using inverse kinematics and muscle activity to investigate the burden of steering on the driver by considering the driver physique.
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Martin BJ, Acosta-Sojo Y. sEMG: A Window Into Muscle Work, but Not Easy to Teach and Delicate to Practice-A Perspective on the Difficult Path to a Clinical Tool. Front Neurol 2021; 11:588451. [PMID: 33613414 PMCID: PMC7892959 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.588451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface electromyography (sEMG) may not be a simple 1,2,3 (muscle, electrodes, signal)-step operation. Lists of sEMG characteristics and applications have been extensively published. All point out the noise mimicking perniciousness of the sEMG signal. This has resulted in ever more complex manipulations to interpret muscle functioning and sometimes gobbledygook. Hence, as for all delicate but powerful tools, sEMG presents challenges in terms of precision, knowledge, and training. The theory is usually reviewed in courses concerning sensorimotor systems, motor control, biomechanics, ergonomics, etc., but application requires creativity, training, and practice. Software has been developed to navigate the essence extraction (step 4); however, each software requires some parametrization, which returns back to the theory of sEMG and signal processing. Students majoring in Ergonomics or Biomedical Engineering briefly learn about the sEMG method but may not necessarily receive extensive training in the laboratory. Ergonomics applications range from a simple estimation of the muscle load to understanding the sense of effort and sensorimotor asymmetries. In other words, it requires time and the basics of multiple disciplines to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to perform these studies. As an example, sEMG measurements of left/right limb asymmetries in muscle responses to vibration-induced activity of proprioceptive receptors, which vary with gender, provide insight into the functioning of sensorimotor systems. Beyond its potential clinical benefits, this example also shows that lack of testing time and lack of practitioner's sufficient knowledge are barriers to the utilization of sEMG as a clinical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard J Martin
- SensoriMotor Systems-and Human Performance Laboratory, Center for Ergonomics, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yadrianna Acosta-Sojo
- SensoriMotor Systems-and Human Performance Laboratory, Center for Ergonomics, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Chowdhury SK, Nimbarte AD, Hsiao H, Gopalakrishnan B, Jaridi M. A biomechanical shoulder strain index based on stabilizing demand of shoulder joint. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:1657-1670. [PMID: 29999474 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2018.1499967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Work-related shoulder joint disorders contribute considerably to absenteeism in the workplace. To identify the tasks that are stressful to the shoulder joint, a strain index was formulated based on the concept of concavity compression-a shoulder stabilizing mechanism. The magnitude and direction of the shoulder joint reaction forces were used in formulating the strain index. A two phase experiment was conducted. In Phase 1, participants performed 30 different manual handling tasks. The tasks were categorized into low, medium and high strain tasks based on their strain index values. In Phase 2, out of the 30 tasks, repetitive exertions of three tasks (low, medium and high strain index values) were simulated using three external loads (0.91, 1.81 and 2.72 kg). The muscle activity data recorded from eight shoulder muscles showed that tasks with higher strain index values induced significantly greater activation and muscle fatigue than tasks with lower strain index values.Practitioner Summary: The strain index developed in this study is a conclusive estimation of the concavity compression required for shoulder joint stabilization. It can be used to identify the activities that may contribute to the risks of shoulder disorders. Abbreviation BLS Bureau of the Labor Statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman K Chowdhury
- a Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
- b Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , TX , USA
| | - Ashish D Nimbarte
- a Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Hongwei Hsiao
- c Protective Technology Branch , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan
- a Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Majid Jaridi
- a Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
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Driving Assist System for Ultra-Compact EVs―Fundamental Consideration of Muscle Burden Owing to Differences in the Drivers’ Physiques. ACTUATORS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/act7030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With recent advances in technologies such as those of semiconductors and actuators, easy-to-control compact actuators have been actively applied in various fields such as factory automation and precision machining. In the automobile industry, major manufacturers and venture companies are also concentrating on electric vehicle development. Ultra-compact mobility vehicles, which exhibit an excellent environmental performance and are highly convenient for short-distance movement, are becoming popular. However, owing to cabin space limitations, it is difficult to mount systems such as power steering for assisting steering operations, and such systems are currently not installed in most ultra-compact mobility vehicles. Our research group focused on a steer-by-wire system that does not require a physical connection between the steering wheel and the wheels. Using this system, the steering wheel can be installed without any constraints, and the cabin layout can be easily changed. The reaction torque applied to the steering wheel can be expected to provide an optimum steering feel to each driver by controlling the reaction-force-generating actuator output. Drivers with different heights and arm lengths were then grouped, and arm model calculation and electromyogram measurements obtained during steering operations were used to examine the muscle burden experienced during driving owing to differences in the drivers’ physiques.
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Sorbie GG, Darroch P, Grace FM, Gu Y, Baker JS, Ugbolue UC. Commercial golf glove effects on golf performance and forearm muscle activity. Res Sports Med 2017; 25:451-461. [PMID: 28819996 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2017.1365291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine whether or not commercial golf gloves influence performance variables and forearm muscle activity during golf play. Fifteen golfers participated in the laboratory based study, each performing 8 golf swings with a Driver and 7-iron whilst wearing a glove and 8 without wearing the glove. Club head speed, ball speed and absolute carry distance performance variables were calculated. Surface electromyography was recorded from the flexor digitorum superficialis and extensor carpi radialis brevis on both forearm muscles. Club head speed, ball speed and absolute carry distance was significantly higher when using the Driver with the glove in comparison to the Driver without the glove (p < 0.05). No significant differences were evident when using the 7-iron and no significant differences were displayed in muscle activity in either of the conditions. Findings from this study suggest that driving performance is improved when wearing a glove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme G Sorbie
- a School of Science and Sport, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , UK.,b Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences , Abertay University , Dundee , UK
| | - Paul Darroch
- a School of Science and Sport, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , UK
| | - Fergal M Grace
- a School of Science and Sport, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , UK.,c Faculty of Health, Human Movement and Sport Sciences , Federation University Australia , Ballarat , Victoria , Australia
| | - Yaodong Gu
- d Faculty of Sports Science , Ningbo University , Ningbo, China
| | - Julien S Baker
- a School of Science and Sport, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , UK
| | - Ukadike C Ugbolue
- a School of Science and Sport, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , UK.,e Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , UK
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Comparison of Thoracic and Lumbar Erector Spinae Muscle Activation Before and After a Golf Practice Session. J Appl Biomech 2017; 33:288-293. [PMID: 28290751 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2016-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lower back pain is commonly associated with golfers. The study aimed: to determine whether thoracic- and lumbar-erector-spinae muscle display signs of muscular fatigue after completing a golf practice session, and to examine the effect of the completed practice session on club head speed, ball speed and absolute carry distance performance variables. Fourteen right-handed male golfers participated in the laboratory-based-study. Surface electromyography (EMG) data was collected from the lead and trail sides of the thoracic- and lumbar-erector-spinae muscle. Normalized root mean squared (RMS) EMG activation levels and performance variables for the golf swings were compared before and after the session. Fatigue was assessed using median frequency (MDF) and RMS during the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) performed before and after the session. No significant differences were observed in RMS thoracic- and lumbar-erector-spinae muscle activation levels during the five phases of the golf swing and performance variables before and after the session (p > .05). Significant changes were displayed in MDF and RMS when comparing the MVC performed before and after the session (p < .05). Fatigue was evident in the trail side of the erector-spinae muscle after the session.
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Nadon AL, Vidt ME, Chow AY, Dickerson CR. The spatial dependency of shoulder muscular demands during upward and downward exertions. ERGONOMICS 2016; 59:1294-1306. [PMID: 26912336 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1136697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lifting and lowering are common occupational tasks contributing to shoulder injury risk. Quantifying task interaction with physical demand can precipitate better workstation designs. Nineteen university-aged males performed one-handed, submaximal upward/downward manual force exertions at 70 hand locations; unilateral electromyography (EMG) of 14 muscles was recorded. EMG across planes was evaluated with ANOVA. Predictive equations for muscle activity throughout the reach envelope were developed with stepwise regression. Total muscle activity (sum of individual muscle activity) was most sensitive to vertical hand location for upward exertions, where activation at superior locations was 192% of values for inferior locations. For upward exertions, activation differences for hand location occurred along all anatomical axes, and along anterior/posterior and superior/inferior axes for downward exertions. Predictive equations were non-linear, reflecting complex muscular demand with three-dimensional hand location. This work details foundational exposure data for lifting/lowering exertions. Results are applicable to workstation design to minimise occupational shoulder muscular demands. Practitioner Summary: Lifting and lowering in the workplace contribute to shoulder injury risk. Shoulder muscle activity magnitudes revealed a dependence on three-dimensional hand location in the reach envelope for a defined hand force. This information can inform evidence-based workstation designs that reduce shoulder muscular demands for numerous materials handling scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia L Nadon
- a Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Canada
| | - Meghan E Vidt
- a Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Canada
| | - Amy Y Chow
- a Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Canada
| | - Clark R Dickerson
- a Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Canada
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Sorbie GG, Hunter HH, Grace FM, Gu Y, Baker JS, Ugbolue UC. An electromyographic study of the effect of hand grip sizes on forearm muscle activity and golf performance. Res Sports Med 2016; 24:222-33. [PMID: 27267082 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2016.1191492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The study describes the differences in surface electromyography (EMG) activity of two forearm muscles in the lead and trail arm at specific phases of the golf swing using a 7-iron with three different grip sizes among amateur and professional golfers. Fifteen right-handed male golfers performed five golf swings using golf clubs with three different grip sizes. Surface EMG was used to measure muscle activity of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) on both forearms. There were no significant differences in forearm muscle activity when using the three golf grips within the group of 15 golfers (p > 0.05). When using the undersize grip, club head speed significantly increased (p = 0.044). During the backswing and downswing phases, amateurs produced significantly greater forearm muscle activity with all three grip sizes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, forearm muscle activity is not affected by grip sizes. However, club head speed increases when using undersize grips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme G Sorbie
- a Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Science and Sport , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , United Kingdom
| | - Henry H Hunter
- a Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Science and Sport , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , United Kingdom
| | - Fergal M Grace
- a Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Science and Sport , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , United Kingdom
| | - Yaodong Gu
- b Faculty of Sports Science , Ningbo Univesity , Ningbo , China
| | - Julien S Baker
- a Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Science and Sport , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , United Kingdom
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- a Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Science and Sport , University of the West of Scotland , Hamilton , United Kingdom.,c Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , United Kingdom
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The influence of cycle time on shoulder fatigue responses for a fixed total overhead workload. J Biomech 2015; 48:2911-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Cudlip AC, Callaghan JP, Dickerson CR. Effects of sitting and standing on upper extremity physical exposures in materials handling tasks. ERGONOMICS 2015; 58:1637-1646. [PMID: 25993653 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1035763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sitting or standing work configurations modulate musculoskeletal risk. Most existing investigations of these configurations have either studied them separately or lacked focus on the upper extremity, particularly during manual materials handling (MMH) tasks. To address this gap, upper extremity loading in 20 male and 20 females were assessed in 4 MMH tasks in sitting and standing. Differences in electromyographic (EMG) activity, local joint moments and body discomfort between configurations were examined. Interactions between task and sit/stand configuration resulted in increases of up to 500% in joint moments, 94% in EMG activity and 880% in discomfort when tasks were completed while sitting (p < 0.01). Future MMH task designers should consider placing workers in standing postures when feasible to reduce upper extremity loading, but workers should not remain in either configuration for extended periods of time as the negative effects of both workspace geometries can instigate future musculoskeletal disorders. Practitioner Summary: Sitting and standing modify occupational musculoskeletal risk. We examined how performing identical tasks while sitting or standing altered upper extremity and low back loading. In general, sitting increased muscle activity and discomfort, while standing increased local joint moments. The benefits of standing outweighed those of sitting across the range of tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Cudlip
- a Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo , ON , Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Jack P Callaghan
- a Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo , ON , Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Clark R Dickerson
- a Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue W, Waterloo , ON , Canada N2L 3G1
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Tanaka Y, Nishikawa K, Yamada N, Tsuji T. Analysis of operational comfort in manual tasks using human force manipulability measure. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HAPTICS 2015; 8:8-19. [PMID: 25415990 DOI: 10.1109/toh.2014.2371025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a scheme for human force manipulability (HFM) based on the use of isometric joint torque properties to simulate the spatial characteristics of human operation forces at an end-point of a limb with feasible magnitudes for a specified limb posture. This is also applied to the evaluation/prediction of operational comfort (OC) when manually operating a human-machine interface. The effectiveness of HFM is investigated through two experiments and computer simulations of humans generating forces by using their upper extremities. Operation force generation with maximum isometric effort can be roughly estimated with an HFM measure computed from information on the arm posture during a maintained posture. The layout of a human-machine interface is then discussed based on the results of operational experiments using an electric gear-shifting system originally developed for robotic devices. The results indicate a strong relationship between the spatial characteristics of the HFM and OC levels when shifting, and the OC is predicted by using a multiple regression model with HFM measures.
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Hashemi Oskouei A, Paulin MG, Carman AB. Intra-session and inter-day reliability of forearm surface EMG during varying hand grip forces. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23:216-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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McKinnon CD, Callaghan JP, Dickerson CR. Evaluation of the influence of mobile data terminal location on physical exposures during simulated police patrol activities. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2012; 43:859-867. [PMID: 22318006 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged occupational police driving combined with use of an in-vehicle computer elicits awkward, sustained postures in a scenario that lacks the adjustability to accommodate many mobile officer anthropometries and job-specific components. Twenty participants performed simulated police patrol sessions at five mobile data terminal (MDT) locations and using two seats: standard police vehicle seat and modified seat designed for police use. An MDT location self-selected prior to the session reduced perceived discomfort by up to 50% in the low back (p < .0001) and 68% in the right shoulder (p < .0001) compared to other tested locations, including the most common currently used location recorded from a representative police force. Muscle activity was lowest at the self-selected and current MDT locations for all muscles, significantly so for posterior deltoid (p < .0001) and supraspinatus (p < .0001). The modified seat reduced low back discomfort from the standard seat by 28% (p < .0001). Combining a self-selected MDT location and modified driver seat generated lower discomfort and physical loading than the currently used configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D McKinnon
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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Magnitude of force perception errors during static contractions of the knee extensors in healthy young and elderly individuals. Atten Percept Psychophys 2011; 74:216-24. [DOI: 10.3758/s13414-011-0223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Waite DL, Brookham RL, Dickerson CR. On the suitability of using surface electrode placements to estimate muscle activity of the rotator cuff as recorded by intramuscular electrodes. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2010; 20:903-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Brown SHM, Brookham RL, Dickerson CR. High-pass filtering surface EMG in an attempt to better represent the signals detected at the intramuscular level. Muscle Nerve 2010; 41:234-9. [PMID: 19722252 DOI: 10.1002/mus.21470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Surface electromyography (EMG) is often used to represent activation profiles of the underlying musculature. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of high-pass (HP) filtering to improve the matching of surface EMG signals to those signals recorded intramuscularly. EMG was recorded at the skin surface over the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles as well as from fine-wire electrodes placed in the infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and teres minor muscles. The surface EMG signals were HP-filtered at 18 cutoff frequencies (0-510 HZ in 30 HZ increments), and the time-histories were correlated with the signals from the wire electrodes. HP filtering did not significantly alter the correlated muscle activation waveform relationship between the surface and wire signals until cutoffs reached 240 HZ. HP filtering of the surface signals did not improve the representation of the muscle fiber-level activation profile, but the results suggest that enough information resides in the high-frequency components of the signal to reproduce the activation time-history profile of the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen H M Brown
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Chopp JN, Fischer SL, Dickerson CR. On the feasibility of obtaining multiple muscular maximal voluntary excitation levels from test exertions: a shoulder example. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2009; 20:896-902. [PMID: 19879776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, contrasting views exist regarding which body and arm postures are most effective for eliciting maximal voluntary exertions in the shoulder muscles. Informed exertion standardization may improve comparisons between subjects and muscle groups for normalized electromyography values. Additionally, identifying exertions that can produce equivalent maximal electrical activity values can reduce experimental setup time and reduce the likelihood of fatigue development. This research study examined twelve posture and force direction defined test exertions to identify those that elicited maximal electrical activity from the deltoid (anterior and middle fibres) and pectoralis major (clavicular and sternal heads). Further, the question of whether a single test exertion could obtain maximal electrical activity from multiple muscle fascicles was explored. Maximal activation was demonstrated for the deltoid during several exertions that incorporated an upward force exertion and the pectoralis major for multiple exertions that included an inward force direction. Finally, two test exertions produced maximal electrical activity from both muscles of interest. This research supports the notion that a range of exertions can elicit maximal electrical activity from a muscle, rather than one specific exertion. This suggests that researchers may be able to leverage a smaller set of test exertions to evaluate multiple muscles simultaneously without loss of data quality, and thereby decrease overall experimental data collection time while maintaining high fidelity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn N Chopp
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada
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Park W, Singh DP, Levy MS, Jung ES. Obesity effect on perceived postural stress during static posture maintenance tasks. ERGONOMICS 2009; 52:1169-1182. [PMID: 19606368 DOI: 10.1080/00140130902971908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Postural stresses related to manual work tasks may be significantly affected by the bodily condition of workers. One such condition is obesity, which is characterised by excess fat mass in the body. This study empirically examined the obesity effect on postural stress during static posture maintenance tasks. In total, 20 obese and 20 non-obese participants performed static box-holding for a set of 84 working postures defined based on the Ovako Working Posture Analysing System. The participants reported postural stresses using the rated perceived exertion scale. Obesity was found to significantly increase postural stress across the 84 working postures and, also, amplify the effects of postural changes on postural stress. The study findings suggest that ergonomic workplace/job design for obese workers would be a challenge requiring a proactive approach and creativity in problem solving. In addition, the use of ergonomic knowledge in design would be more critical when targeting obese than non-obese workers. The study findings are relevant to ergonomic workplace/job design for obese workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Park
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, AL, USA.
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Abstract
Digital human modeling (DHM) technology offers human factors/ergonomics specialists the promise of an efficient means to simulate a large variety of ergonomics issues early in the design of products and manufacturing workstations. It rests on the premise that most products and manufacturing work settings are specified and designed by using sophisticated computer-aided design (CAD) systems. By integrating a computer-rendered avatar (or hominoid) and the CAD-rendered graphics of a prospective workspace, one can simulate issues regarding who can fit, reach, see, manipulate, and so on. In this chapter, I briefly describe the development of various DHM methods to improve CAD systems. Past concerns about early DHM methods are discussed, followed by a description of some of the recent major developments that represent attempts by various groups to address the early concerns. In this latter context, methods are described for using anthropometric databases to ensure that population shape and size are well modeled. Efforts to integrate various biomechanical models into DHM systems also are described, followed by a section that outlines how human motions are being modeled in different DHM systems. In a final section, I discuss recent work to merge cognitive models of human performance with DHM models of manual tasks. Much has been accomplished in recent years to make digital human models more useful and effective in resolving ergonomics issues during the design of products and manufacturing processes, but much remains to be learned and applied in this rapidly evolving aspect of ergonomics.
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Experimental evaluation of a computational shoulder musculoskeletal model. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2008; 23:886-94. [PMID: 18502010 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many evaluations of shoulder biomechanical models have focused on static exertions in constrained postures, but few have considered tasks that are more complex. This study examines model performance in load delivery tasks for a range of target locations. METHODS The study evaluated an optimization-based muscle force prediction model used to assess dynamic load transfer tasks. Model predictions were compared with experimental electromyographic data for two task phases: (1) static hold and (2) dynamic reach. FINDINGS Predictions correlated positively over all subjects with electromyographic data for prime movers (deltoid [r=0.53]; infraspinatus [r=0.63]; biceps [r=0.61]), though variations in the correlation existed across subjects and tasks. Conversely, the model predicted electromyographic activity of secondary muscles somewhat less accurately. The model also predicted inactivity for electromyographic inactive muscles. INTERPRETATION The model provides important insights into activity levels muscles that most actively respond to external moments during manual load transfer tasks.
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