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Structural and clinical impact of anti-allergy agents: An overview. Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103351. [PMID: 31668464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergic disorders are markedly rising in industrialized countries. The identification of compounds that trigger the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent allergic reaction remain the means to improve the quality of life by limiting patient's exposure to critical allergens. Information concerning the treatment and onset of allergic disorders including atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma has been provided by the research over the past decade. Recent studies also indicated that allergic inflammation is associated closely with their exacerbation and progression and indeed is the basic pathophysiology of allergic diseases. As a result of immunological and molecular biological studies our understanding of the mechanism of allergic inflammation with regard to therapeutic agents has improved. While much effort has been paid to developing a new anti-allergic agent, the allergic disease has yet to be completely conquered. The more extensive research will allow the development of new therapeutics to combat allergic diseases. Currently, with respect to mechanism of action anti-allergy drugs are classified into five types including histamine H1 antagonists, leukotriene antagonists, Th2 cytokine inhibitors, thromboxane A2 inhibitors and mediator-release inhibitors. The use of two or more anti-allergy agents together is not acknowledged at present, but this will be the subject of research in the future because with different mechanisms of action anti-allergy agents used at the same time will theoretically increase their effects. This review article focuses on anti-allergy agents highlighting their applications, clinical trials and recent advancement on drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yefeng Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Jiang L, Huang Y, Yan Y, Xie Y. Metal-free C(sp 3 )–H oxidation of 2-methylquinolines with PIDA under microwave irradiation. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dai CG, Liu XL, Du XJ, Zhang Y, Song QH. Two-Input Fluorescent Probe for Thiols and Hydrogen Sulfide Chemosensing and Live Cell Imaging. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Guang Dai
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Ling Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Du
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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Dai CG, Du XJ, Song QH. Acid-Activatable Michael-Type Fluorescent Probes for Thiols and for Labeling Lysosomes in Live Cells. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12088-99. [PMID: 26545040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A Michael addition is usually taken as a base-catalyzed reaction. Most fluorescent probes have been designed to detect thiols in slightly alkaline solutions (pH 7-9). The sensing reactions of almost all Michael-type fluorescent probes for thiols are faster in a high pH solution than in a low pH solution. In this work, we synthesized a series of 7-substituted 2-(quinolin-2-ylmethylene)malonic acids (QMAs, substituents: NEt2, OH, H, Cl, or NO2) and their ethyl esters (QMEs) as Michael-type fluorescent probes for thiols. The sensing reactions of QMAs and QMEs occur in distinct pH ranges, pH < 7 for QMAs and pH > 7 for QMEs. On the basis of experimental and theoretic studies, we have clarified the distinct pH effects on the sensing reactivity between QMAs and QMEs and demonstrated that two QMAs (NEt2, OH) are highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probes for thiols in acidic solutions (pH < 7) and promising dyes that can label lysosomes in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Guang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Du
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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Tay DW, Jong H, Lim YH, Wu W, Chew X, Robins EG, Johannes CW. Palladium-meta-Terarylphosphine Catalyst for the Mizoroki–Heck Reaction of (Hetero)Aryl Bromides and Functional Olefins. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4054-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Weiliang Tay
- Singapore
Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #01-02, Singapore 138667
| | - Howard Jong
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #03-08, Singapore 138667
| | - Yee Hwee Lim
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #03-08, Singapore 138667
| | - Wenqin Wu
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #03-08, Singapore 138667
| | - Xinying Chew
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #03-08, Singapore 138667
| | - Edward G. Robins
- Singapore
Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #01-02, Singapore 138667
| | - Charles W. Johannes
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, #03-08, Singapore 138667
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