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Eiras-Diaz A, FrykforsvonHekkel A, Hanot E, Stanzani G, Florey J, Miller R, Llabres-Diaz F. CT findings, management and short-term outcome of dogs with pyothorax: 101 cases (2010 to 2019). J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:959-966. [PMID: 34254321 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe diagnosis, CT findings, management and short-term outcome of a large population of canine pyothorax cases. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 101 canine pyothorax cases at two UK referral centres. Medical records and CT images were reviewed. Dogs were included if pre- and post-contrast CT was performed within 48 hours of presentation. RESULTS CT abnormalities included pleural thickening (84.1%), pannus (67.3%), pneumothorax (61.4%), mediastinal effusion (28.7%), pulmonary (13.8%) and mediastinal (7.9%) abscessation, foreign body presence (7.9%), foreign body tracts (6.9%) and pneumonia (6.9%). Seventy-one percent of dogs were managed surgically, of which 90.2% survived, and 29% were managed medically, of which 72.4% survived. Overall mortality was 14.8% and 86.6% of these dogs died within 48 hours of admission. All dogs with evidence of a foreign body on CT underwent surgery. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Mortality in our population was low and most dogs that died did so within 48 hours of hospitalisation, regardless of management type.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eiras-Diaz
- Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, Station Farm, London Road, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK.,Southfields Veterinary Specialists, 1 Bramston Way, Basildon, SS15 6TP, UK
| | - A FrykforsvonHekkel
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - E Hanot
- Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, Station Farm, London Road, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK
| | - G Stanzani
- Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, Station Farm, London Road, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK.,Bloomsbury Institute for Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - J Florey
- Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, Station Farm, London Road, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK
| | - R Miller
- Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, Station Farm, London Road, Cambridgeshire, CB8 0UH, UK
| | - F Llabres-Diaz
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK
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Krämer F, Rainer J, Bali MS. Short- and long-term outcome in cats diagnosed with pyothorax: 47 cases (2009-2018). J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:669-676. [PMID: 33739459 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this retrospective study were to report the short- and long-term outcome in cats treated for pyothorax and to identify prognostic indicators as well as determine recurrence rate. METHODS Medical records from April 2009 to August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were included if a diagnosis of pyothorax was confirmed via cytology and/or culture of pleural fluid. Cats diagnosed with or suspected of having other thoracic diseases and cats with no evidence of pleural effusion were excluded from the study. RESULTS Fifty-five cats met the inclusion criteria. Eighty five percent (n=47) cats underwent medical management with thoracostomy tubes, pleural lavage and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Fifteen percent (n=5) cases failed medical treatment and underwent thoracotomy. Twenty eight percent (n=13) did not survive to hospital discharge. Short-term survival (14 days) was achieved in 72% (n=34). Long-term follow-up was available for 31 of 34 with a long-term survival rate of 68% (n=30). The recurrence rate was 6% (n=2). CONCLUSION For cats with pyothorax that survive to discharge the prognosis is excellent and the condition is associated with a low recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Krämer
- Evidensia Small Animal Veterinary Hospital Stommeln, Pulheim, Germany
| | - J Rainer
- Evidensia Small Animal Veterinary Hospital Stommeln, Pulheim, Germany
| | - M S Bali
- Evidensia Small Animal Veterinary Hospital Stommeln, Pulheim, Germany
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Abstract
Exudative pleural diseases are a common cause of respiratory distress and systemic illness in dogs and cats. This article covers the pathophysiology, development, and classification of exudative pleural effusions. The most current diagnostic strategies, causes, imaging findings, and medical or surgical treatment options for select diseases are reviewed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Epstein
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Ingrid M Balsa
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, 2112 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Gibson EA, Balsa IM, Mayhew PD, Phillips K, Giuffrida MA, Culp WTN, Steffey MA, Johnson LR. Utility of bronchoscopy combined with surgery in the treatment and outcomes of dogs with intrathoracic disease secondary to plant awn migration. Vet Surg 2019; 48:1309-1317. [PMID: 31334873 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy in dogs undergoing computed tomography (CT) and surgery for intrathoracic disease (pyothorax and pneumothorax) secondary to migrating plant awns (MPA) and to report outcomes in dogs that did and did not undergo bronchoscopy in addition to CT and surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS Thirty-seven client-owned dogs. METHODS Medical records from 2008 to 2017 were reviewed for dogs with documented MPA in the thoracic cavity treated with CT and surgery with or without bronchoscopy. Information regarding diagnostics, treatments, complications, and outcomes relating to hospitalization was evaluated. RESULTS At least one abnormal lung lobe was identified by CT in all dogs. Bronchial abnormalities were identified with bronchoscopy in 21 of 22 dogs (95.4%) with available reports. Agreement between CT and bronchoscopy findings ranged from 50% to 81.8%, depending on lung lobe. Thirty-six dogs had one or more lung lobes surgically removed. Thirty-seven MPA were retrieved via bronchoscopy in 10 of 27 (37%) dogs, and 39 MPA were retrieved at surgery in 26 of 37 (70.3%) dogs. Actinomyces spp. were cultured from surgical samples in 7 of 33 (21.2%) dogs. Thirty-five of 37 (94.6%) dogs survived to discharge. CONCLUSION Migrating plant awns were successfully retrieved via bronchoscopy. Agreement between CT findings and bronchoscopy was inconsistent, so there may be roles for both modalities. Short- and long-term survival was excellent in this cohort. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Bronchoscopy may allow for diagnostic and therapeutic advantages compared with CT in dogs with endobronchial MPA. Actinomyces spp appear to be variably present in surgically acquired bacterial cultures in dogs with MPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A Gibson
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Ingrid M Balsa
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Philipp D Mayhew
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Kathryn Phillips
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Michelle A Giuffrida
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - William T N Culp
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Michele A Steffey
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Science, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Lynelle R Johnson
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
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Choi YD, Han HJ. Pyothorax induced by an intrathoracic foreign body in a miniature dachshund: Migration of a popsicle stick from the stomach. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1398-1403. [PMID: 28659538 PMCID: PMC5573829 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A four-year-old dachshund presented with a two-week history of pyrexia, depression, and
cough. Four months earlier, the owner observed the dog swallow a whole popsicle stick, but
the animal showed no clinical signs at that time. Radiography, ultrasonography, and
computed tomography confirmed an intrathoracic linear foreign body and pleural effusion in
the right thorax. The pleural fluid was bloody and purulent, and contained inflammatory
cells and Escherichia coli. The dog was diagnosed with pyothorax induced
by a foreign body, and was treated successfully by surgical removal of the foreign body,
partial lung lobectomy, thoracic lavage, and antibiotics. The foreign body was identified
as a popsicle stick that the dog had eaten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Don Choi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.,VIP Animal Referral Medical Center, 298, Dapsimni-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, 02637, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Han
- Department of Veterinary Emergency Medicine, Konkuk Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
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Scott J, Singh A, Monnet E, Coleman KA, Runge JJ, Case JB, Mayhew PD. Video-assisted thoracic surgery for the management of pyothorax in dogs: 14 cases. Vet Surg 2017; 46:722-730. [PMID: 28460424 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the perioperative findings and outcome of dogs undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for the management of pyothorax. DESIGN Multi-institutional, retrospective study. ANIMALS Client-owned dogs (n = 14). METHODS Medical records of dogs with pyothorax managed via VATS were reviewed for signalment, history, clinical signs, clinicopathological findings, diagnostic imaging results, surgical variables, bacterial culture and sensitivity results, post-operative management and outcome. VATS was performed after placing a paraxyphoid endoscopic portal and 2-3 intercostal instrument portals. VATS exploration was followed by one or more of the following: mediastinal debridement, tissue sampling, pleural lavage, and placement of a thoracostomy tube. RESULTS Two dogs (14%) required conversion from VATS to an open thoracotomy to completely resect proliferative mediastinal tissue. These dogs had severe pleural effusion on preoperative thoracic radiographs and one had severely thickened contrast-enhancing mediastinum on preoperative computed tomography (CT). The cause of pyothorax was identified as a penetrating gastric foreign body (n = 2), migrating plant material (n = 2), and idiopathic (n = 10). The median follow-up time was 143 days (range, 14-2402 days). All dogs were discharged from the hospital and their clinical signs resolved. One patient had recurrence of a pyothorax requiring revision surgery 17 months postoperatively. CONCLUSION VATS allows minimally invasive treatment of uncomplicated canine pyothorax. Preoperative thoracic CT may help identify candidates for VATS among dogs with pyothorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Scott
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ameet Singh
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Monnet
- Department of Clinical Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Kristin A Coleman
- Department of Clinical Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Jeffrey J Runge
- Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Brad Case
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Philipp D Mayhew
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis
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Stillion JR, Letendre JA. A clinical review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pyothorax in dogs and cats. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2015; 25:113-29. [PMID: 25582193 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the current literature in reference to the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pyothorax in dogs and cats. ETIOLOGY Pyothorax, also known as thoracic empyema, is characterized by the accumulation of septic purulent fluid within the pleural space. While the actual route of pleural infection often remains unknown, the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract appear to be the most common source of microorganisms causing pyothorax in dogs and cats. In human medicine, pyothorax is a common clinical entity associated with bacterial pneumonia and progressive parapneumonic effusion. DIAGNOSIS Thoracic imaging can be used to support a diagnosis of pleural effusion, but cytologic examination or bacterial culture of pleural fluid are necessary for a definitive diagnosis of pyothorax. THERAPY The approach to treatment for pyothorax varies greatly in both human and veterinary medicine and remains controversial. Treatment of pyothorax has classically been divided into medical or surgical therapy and may include administration of antimicrobials, intermittent or continuous thoracic drainage, thoracic lavage, intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, video-assisted thoracic surgery, and traditional thoracostomy. Despite all of the available options, the optimal treatment to ensure successful short- and long-term outcome, including the avoidance of recurrence, remains unknown. PROGNOSIS The prognosis for canine and feline pyothorax is variable but can be good with appropriate treatment. A review of the current veterinary literature revealed an overall reported survival rate of 83% in dogs and 62% in cats. As the clinical presentation of pyothorax in small animals is often delayed and nonspecific, rapid diagnosis and treatment are required to ensure successful outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenefer R Stillion
- Western Veterinary Specialist and Emergency Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- K C L Lee
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA
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Franklin AD, Fearnside SM, Brain PH. Omentalisation of a caudal mediastinal abscess in a dog. Aust Vet J 2011; 89:217-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Swinbourne F, Baines EA, Baines SJ, Halfacree ZJ. Computed tomographic findings in canine pyothorax and correlation with findings at exploratory thoracotomy. J Small Anim Pract 2011; 52:203-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2011.01051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Doyle JL, Kuipers von Lande RG, Worth AJ. Intra-thoracic pyogranulomatous disease in four working dogs. N Z Vet J 2009; 57:346-51. [PMID: 19966894 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2009.64721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
CASE HISTORY Four working dogs were presented to veterinary clinics in New Zealand for weight loss or swelling of the thoracic wall. All dogs were large-breed males between the ages of 4 and 7 years, and actively involved in farm work. The two dogs with swelling of the thoracic wall had recent histories of work-related trauma. CLINICAL FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSIS All four dogs were diagnosed with intra-thoracic pyogranulomatous disease via diagnostic imaging and surgical exploration. Two dogs had confirmed infection with Actinomyces viscosus, while a third had suspected Actinomyces or Nocardia spp. infection. The fourth dog had a streptococcal infection, and a grass-seed foreign body was removed at surgery. Two dogs successfully returned to work, however euthanasia was requested by the owners of the other two, either during surgery, due to intra-thoracic haemorrhage, or shortly after, with post-operative meningitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Due to the high value of working dogs in New Zealand, and the higher-than-average risk profile for intra-thoracic pyogranulomatous disease, veterinarians should be aware of this syndrome, and should seek to appropriately diagnose and aggressively treat it surgically.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Doyle
- Kaukapakapa Veterinary Services, Main Road, State Highway 16, Kaukapakapa, New Zealand.
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Abstract
Pyothorax is the accumulation of septic suppurative inflammation within the pleural cavity. The cause and source of infection in dogs and cats often are unknown. Management of these cases can be challenging, because controversy exists over the best method for treatment. Reported outcomes and recurrence rates vary widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona M MacPhail
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the success of non-surgical management, which included antibiotics and a single thoracocentesis, in 15 dogs presenting with pyothorax. METHODS Sixteen dogs were selected retrospectively from case files at the Veterinary Cardiorespiratory Centre. RESULTS One dog was diagnosed with a mass suspected to be a pulmonary abscess on ultrasound examination and was referred for surgery. Fifteen dogs were treated medically. Springer spaniels were the most commonly presented breed (six cases) followed by Labrador retrievers (three cases). Under sedation or general anaesthesia, thoracocentesis was performed unilaterally and as much purulent effusion as possible was removed. Lavage of the thorax was not undertaken. In most dogs, antibiotic treatment was ampicillin at a mean dose of 33 mg/kg administered three times daily and 25 mg/kg metronidazole administered twice daily. Antibiotics were provided for a minimum of six weeks. All dogs recovered completely and did not show relapse on prolonged follow-up. This included one dog, which had very widespread pleural adhesions and minimal effusion. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In dogs that do not have evidence of pulmonary masses or consolidations and no evidence of granular pleural effusion, medical therapy may be curative even in chronic cases of pyothorax with pleural adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Johnson
- Veterinary Cardiorespiratory Centre, 43 Waverley Road, Kenilworth, Warwickshire CV81JL
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Mellanby RJ, Villiers E, Herrtage ME. Canine pleural and mediastinal effusions: a retrospective study of 81 cases. J Small Anim Pract 2002; 43:447-451. [PMID: 12400642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2002.tb00011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Eighty-one cases of canine pleural and/or mediastinal effusions were identified from radiography and ultrasonography records reviewed between 1992 and 2000 at the Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge. All cases had a follow-up period of at least 12 months. Twenty-eight underlying disease processes were associated with pleural and/or mediastinal effusions. The most common disease was pyothorax (13 cases). Other common diseases identified were idiopathic pericardial effusion, cranial mediastinal mass, idiopathic chylothorax, secondary lung metastases and dilated cardiomyopathy. Approximately one-quarter of all cases recovered completely after initial treatment and one-third of all cases either died during, or were euthanased immediately after, completion of the initial investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Mellanby
- Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES
| | - E Villiers
- Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES
| | - M E Herrtage
- Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES
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Demetriou JL, Foale RD, Ladlow J, McGrotty Y, Faulkner J, Kirby BM. Canine and feline pyothorax: a retrospective study of 50 cases in the UK and Ireland. J Small Anim Pract 2002; 43:388-94. [PMID: 12238503 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2002.tb00089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fifty cases (36 dogs and 14 cats) with a confirmed diagnosis of pyothorax were evaluated from five referral institutions in the UK and Ireland. Aetiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of all cases were examined. The underlying cause of pyothorax was determined in 18 per cent of cases. Positive bacteriological cultures of the pleural fluid were obtained in 68.7 per cent of the animals. Treatment modalities included surgery and medical management, involving thoracostomy tube placement, thoracic aspiration, thoracic lavage and antimicrobial therapy. A successful outcome was achieved in 86 per cent of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Demetriou
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Roslin, Midlothian
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Rooney MB, Monnet E. Medical and surgical treatment of pyothorax in dogs: 26 cases (1991-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221:86-92. [PMID: 12420830 DOI: 10.2460/javma.2002.221.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare outcomes of dogs with pyothorax treated medically versus surgically and to identify prognostic indicators for dogs with pyothorax. DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS 26 dogs. PROCEDURE Medical records were reviewed to obtain information regarding signalment, results of physical and laboratory evaluations at the time of initial examination, results of bacterial culture of pleural fluid, radiographic abnormalities, treatment (surgical vs medical), complications, whether the disease recurred, disease-free interval, survival time, and cause of death. RESULTS Calculated proportions of dogs free from disease 1 year after treatment were 25 and 78%, respectively, for dogs treated medically and surgically. Treatment was 5.4 times as likely to fail in dogs treated medically as in dogs treated surgically. Two regression models relating treatment group (medical vs surgical) to disease-free interval were found to be significant. The first contained terms for medical treatment and isolation of Actinomyces spp from pleural fluid; the second contained terms for medical treatment and radiographic detection of mediastinal or pulmonary lesions at the time of initial examination. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that surgical treatment is associated with a better outcome than medical treatment in dogs with pyothorax. In addition, surgery should be considered if radiographic evidence of mediastinal or pulmonary lesions is detected or if Actinomyces spp is isolated from the pleural fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Rooney
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA
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Abstract. Vet Rec 2000. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.147.9.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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