1
|
Schutz C, Smout MF. Effects of Positive versus Negative Framing on Stigma toward Individuals Recovering from Methamphetamine Use Disorder during Randomized Brief Video Exposure. J Psychoactive Drugs 2024; 56:88-96. [PMID: 36417295 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2022.2149436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Eighty-two Australians (mean age = 30.07; 61% female) were blindly randomized to view either a video edited to depict a positive or negative presentation of individuals in recovery from methamphetamine use disorder. Participants completed the Social Distance Scale for Substance Users, Dangerousness Scale for Substance Users and Affect Scale for Substance Users before and after video exposure. Following video exposure, those exposed to the positive video portrayal reported lower desire for social distance (p < .001), lower perceptions of dangerousness (p = .011), and more favorable affective reactions (p < .001). Participants' previous level of contact with the target group did not predict baseline stigma or moderate the experimental effect. Participants' qualitative responses to the experiment were assessed via content analysis and indicated mainly positive or ambivalent attitudes, unchanged by the video; however, 18% of those receiving the positive video reported attitudes becoming more sympathetic/favorable. Findings suggest that media depictions which include people with methamphetamine use disorder displaying friendliness and recovery narratives may improve community perceptions of people recovering from methamphetamine use disorder, and conversely, unsmiling portrayals focusing on harm done to others increases desire for social distance and perceived dangerousness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Schutz
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M F Smout
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Subbaraman MS, Mahoney E, Witbrodt J, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Mericle AA, Polcin DL. Multilevel Effects of Environmental and Neighborhood Factors on Sober Living House Resident 12-Month Outcomes. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2023; 84:832-841. [PMID: 37449949 PMCID: PMC10765980 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.22-00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sober living houses (SLHs) are abstinence-based environments designed for individuals in recovery to live with others in recovery. Research shows that SLHs help some individuals maintain recovery and that certain SLH-related factors may be particularly protective. Here we assess how SLH housing and neighborhood characteristics are related to abstinence and psychiatric symptoms over time. METHOD Baseline, 6-month, and 12-month data were collected from 557 SLH residents. Multilevel mixed models tested associations between house and neighborhood characteristics and individual-level percent days abstinent (PDA) and the number of psychiatric symptoms (measured with the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire [PDSQ]) as outcomes. Final models adjusted for sex, age, and race/ethnicity; ratings of house characteristics; and objective measurements of neighborhood-level exposures. RESULTS Both PDA and PDSQ improved significantly (ps ≤ .05) over time in both unadjusted and adjusted models. More self-help groups and fewer alcohol outlets within one mile were significantly protective for PDA, whereas walkability was significantly related to worse PDA and PDSQ (ps ≤ .05). For house-level factors, better ratings of house maintenance were related to significantly fewer psychiatric symptoms, whereas higher scores on SLH's safety measures and personal or residence identity were related to more psychiatric symptoms (ps ≤ .05). No house-level factor was significantly related to PDA. CONCLUSIONS Neighborhood-level factors such as increased availability of self-help groups and fewer nearby alcohol outlets may increase abstinence among individuals living in SLHs. House-level factors related to better maintenance may also facilitate improved mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Mahoney
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Oakland, California
| | - Jane Witbrodt
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Oakland, California
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, California
| | - Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe
- Center on Behavioral Health Epidemiology, Implementation & Evaluation Research, RTI International, Berkeley, California
| | - Amy A. Mericle
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Oakland, California
- Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, California
| | - Douglas L. Polcin
- Behavioral Health and Recovery Studies, Public Health Institute, Oakland, California
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhai J, Long Y, Shi J, Shi D, Ren Q, Zhao M, Du J. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention on Chinese Methamphetamine Dependent Patients: A Pilot Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:819075. [PMID: 35295782 PMCID: PMC8918522 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.819075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine use is a serious problem in China. Compulsory isolation detoxification is the main treatment measure for drug dependents, whereas psychological interventions in compulsory isolation detoxification centers are extremely inadequate. The current study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) on methamphetamine dependence patients in Chinese compulsory isolation detoxification treatment institutions. Forty-one methamphetamine dependent patients received 16-sessions of MBRP in 8 weeks and assessments were conducted at the baseline, 4-, 8-week (after the whole intervention). Results of repeated measured ANOVAs showed there was no significant effect on emotions and cravings. Findings indicated that the effects of MBRP are still difficult to make firm conclusions due to the insignificant results. Future studies should modify the MBRP and ensure that it is suitable for compulsory isolation detoxification treatment institutions in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Long
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingqing Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqing Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihuan Ren
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao T, Zhai C, Song H, Wu Y, Ge C, Zhang Y, Xu H, Chi Z, Chu H, Shi W, Cheng X, Li X, Ma M, Xu M, Hu J, Xie Y, Lin Y, Chen H, Li Y, Jiao D. Methamphetamine-Induced Cognitive Deficits and Psychiatric Symptoms Are Associated with Serum Markers of Liver Damage. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:67-76. [PMID: 31691188 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders have been regarded as the most common clinical symptoms of methamphetamine (MA) users. Accumulating evidence has shown that liver disease may be involved in cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders. This study examines whether cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms are associated with serum levels of liver biomarkers in MA users. Cognition was assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Liver function was assessed by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, albumin, globulin, Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), triglyceride, total cholesterol, and glucose concentrations in 106 MA addicts and 76 controls. Compared to control subjects, MA users had greater severity of psychotic symptoms on the dimension of somatization, depression, anxiety, psychoticism, addiction, and global severity index in SCL-90, and lower scores of cognition, including the total RBANS score and all five subscales. The globulin levels were increased, while the albumin, albumin/globulin, and ApoB levels were decreased. ApoB levels were positively correlated with immediate memory, attention, and total RBANS score. Furthermore, stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated that ApoB levels were associated with immediate memory, attention, and total RBANS score. The findings of this study suggest that MA addicts might experience cognitive deficits, psychiatric disorders, and liver damage. Serum ApoB levels may be involved in cognitive deficits; thus, improving liver function may help to treat cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders in MA addicts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | | | - Hongmei Song
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yanhai Wu
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanhui Ge
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yonglin Zhang
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengsuo Chi
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Chu
- Anhui Province Veterans Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Compulsory Isolated Drug Rehabilitation Center, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Compulsory Isolated Drug Rehabilitation Center, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Mengdi Ma
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ya Xie
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yanan Lin
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yiting Li
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Dongliang Jiao
- School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Beneficial effects of motivational interviewing case management: A latent class analysis of recovery capital among sober living residents with criminal justice involvement. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 200:124-132. [PMID: 31128464 PMCID: PMC8529644 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This secondary analysis uses data from a recent clinical trial conducted with probationers and parolees with substance use disorders (N = 330) residing in Sober Living Houses (SLHs). The treatment condition received Motivational Interviewing Case Management (MICM), while controls received usual care SLH residency. Both conditions improved on multiple domains, though residents randomized to MICM improved significantly more than usual care controls on criminal justice outcomes. Because MICM is designed to help ex-offenders attain more recovery capital (RC) in multiple domains, we hypothesized MICM participants that already possessed higher RC would show significantly greater improvement at follow-up than usual SLH residents with higher RC. Moreover, MICM and usual SLH residents with low RC would show no differences at 1-year follow-up. METHODS A latent class analysis (LCA) grouped participants into two patterns of RC: those with low RC and those with high RC. These classes were interacted with study condition to predict change on six Addiction Severity Indices (ASI) at follow-up. RESULTS MICM was more effective for the higher RC class, with greater improvement in drug, legal, and psychiatric outcomes for those who attended at least three MICM sessions. MICM was no more beneficial than usual care for those in a low RC class. CONCLUSIONS SLH operators should consider implementation of MICM for residents with more RC resources. Those with fewer recovery resources, such as a history of psychiatric problems or physical/sexual abuse, would benefit from a more intensive intervention to assist them with improving the amount and quality of their RC.
Collapse
|
6
|
Housing Status, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Substance Abuse Outcomes Among Sober Living House Residents over 18 Months. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2017; 16:138-150. [PMID: 29056875 DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies show individuals entering sober living recovery houses (SLHs) make significant, sustained improvement on measures of substance abuse problems, employment, and arrests. The current study assessed changes in housing status among SLH residents over 18 months and the relative influences of housing status and psychiatric distress on substance abuse outcomes. Two hundred forty one men and 58 women, all age 18 and older, were interviewed within their first week of entering 20 SLHs and again at 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up. Between entry into the SLHs and 18-month follow-up homelessness declined from 16% to 4%, marginal housing declined from 66% to 46%, and stable housing increased from 13% to 27%. Psychiatric severity was generally mild to moderate in severity, but nevertheless showed improvement over the 18-month study period. Multivariate models showed worse substance abuse outcomes for residents with higher psychiatric distress and unstable housing. Relative to persons with stable housing, those who were homeless or marginally housed had worse outcomes and those in SLHs had better outcomes. Overall, we conclude that individuals entering SLHs show improvement in housing status and psychiatric distress, both of which are associated with better substance abuse outcomes.
Collapse
|