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Agnihotri A, Bhattacharya S. Customer incivil behavior and employee retaliation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITY AND SERVICE SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/ijqss-09-2021-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine a moderated mediation relationship between customer incivility and employee retaliation.
Design/methodology/approach
This study tested the hypotheses using data from 459 hospitality industry employee responses. Data was collected by using Amazon’s MTurk.
Findings
The study results suggest that employee anger mediates the customer incivility and employee retaliation relationship. Further, the employee’s regulatory focus (namely, promotion and preventive regulatory focus) moderates this mediated relationship. Specifically, employee promotion regulatory focus positively moderates the relationship between customer incivility and employee anger, whereas prevention regulatory focus negatively moderates the relationship.
Originality/value
Extant study has not explored customer incivility and employee retaliation relationship under moderated mediation influence of regulatory focus and employee anger, respectively.
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Ou CH, Hall WA, Rodney P, Stremler R. Correlates of Canadian mothers' anger during the postpartum period: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:163. [PMID: 35227249 PMCID: PMC8883707 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some women experience anger as a mood problem after childbirth, postpartum anger has been neglected by researchers. Mothers' and infants' poor sleep quality during the postpartum period has been associated with mothers' depressive symptoms; however, links between mothers' sleep quality and postpartum anger are unclear. This study aimed to determine proportions of women with intense anger, depressive symptoms, and comorbid intense anger and depressive symptoms, and to examine mothers' and infants' sleep quality as correlates of postpartum anger. METHODS This cross-sectional survey study was advertised as an examination of mothers' and babies' sleep. Women, with healthy infants between 6 and 12 months of age, were recruited using community venues. The survey contained validated measures of sleep quality for mothers and infants, and fatigue, social support, anger, depressive symptoms, and cognitions about infant sleep. RESULTS 278 women participated in the study. Thirty-one percent of women (n = 85) reported intense anger (≥ 90th percentile on State Anger Scale) while 26% (n = 73) of mothers indicated probable depression (>12 on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Over half of the participants rated their sleep as poor (n = 144, 51.8%). Using robust regression analysis, income (β = -0.11, p < 0.05), parity (β = 0.2, p < 0.01), depressive symptoms (β = 0.22, p < 0.01), and mothers' sleep quality (β = 0.10, p < 0.05), and anger about infant sleep (β = 0.25, p < 0.01) were significant predictors of mothers' anger. CONCLUSIONS Mothers' sleep quality and anger about infant sleep are associated with their state anger. Clinicians can educate families about sleep pattern changes during the perinatal time frame and assess women's mood and perceptions of their and their infants' sleep quality in the first postpartum year. They can also offer evidence-based strategies for improving parent-infant sleep. Such health promotion initiatives could reduce mothers' anger and support healthy sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hk Ou
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, HSD Building, Room A402a, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada. .,Institute of Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.
| | - Wendy A Hall
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Paddy Rodney
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Robyn Stremler
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P8, Canada
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3
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Allen KR, Goldberg AE. Lesbian adoptive mothers’ emotional responses and adaptation in the wake of relational dissolution. J Women Aging 2020; 33:184-200. [DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2020.1826623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R. Allen
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Abbie E. Goldberg
- Department of Psychology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Emran A, Iqbal N, Dar IA. 'Silencing the self' and women's mental health problems: A narrative review. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 53:102197. [PMID: 32540753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the context of women's mental health several propositions have been made to account for their increased susceptibility to certain psychiatric illnesses. However, given the topic's multifacetedness, no single explanation is found sufficient in itself. 'Silencing the Self' theory sheds new light on this issue because it acknowledges the importance of social and cultural processes. Besides with its relational perspective, it centers on the primacy of core relationships and its influence on a woman's mental health. Even though, since its inception three decades ago, the theory has been studied in relation to various psychological and physical disorders; it has hitherto received inadequate attention by scholars. Nonetheless, it has the potential to inform our understanding when formulating women's mental health issues. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive narrative account of the extant work on 'silencing the self' in relation to psychiatric illnesses like depression, eating disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It attempts to synthesize the work done till date, as a starting point for further investigation of unexamined areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashti Emran
- Dept. of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Naved Iqbal
- Dept. of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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Ou CH, Hall WA. Anger in the context of postnatal depression: An integrative review. Birth 2018; 45:336-346. [PMID: 29781142 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrary to social constructions of new motherhood as a joyous time, mothers may experience postnatal depression and anger. Although postnatal depression has been thoroughly studied, the expression of maternal anger in the context of postnatal depression is conceptually unclear. This integrative review investigated the framing of anger in the context of postnatal depression. METHODS After undertaking a search of CINAHL, Ovid-Medline, PsycInfo, and Web of Science, we identified qualitative (n = 7) and quantitative (n = 17) papers that addressed maternal anger and postnatal depression. We analyzed the data by developing themes. RESULTS Our review indicated that anger was a salient mood disturbance for some postnatally depressed women with themes integrated as: (i) anger accompanying depression, (ii) powerlessness as a component of depression and anger, and (iii) anger occurring as a result of expectations being violated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that anger can coexist with women's postnatal depression. Anger can be expressed toward the self and toward children and family members with negative relationship effects. We recommend that health care providers and researchers consider anger in the context of postnatal mood disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Ou
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wendy A Hall
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, women are found to suffer from depression significantly more than men. This has puzzled the scientists since no biological explanation can completely resolve the matter. METHOD Extant empirical work has been conducted to solve the mystery of the issue. However, most of the research has pivoted their attention to biology. Therefore, based on the previous literature from the disciplines of medicine, psychology and sociology, the author aimed at looking and reviewing the matter critically. Specifically, the present critical review aims at conceptualising the psychological, social and cultural factors in the context of gender difference in depression. DISCUSSION The work reveals that psychological variables such as women's unique attachment patterns, relational self-construal, as well as a macro-level issue like power dynamics based on gender, and the skewed division of labour play an important role in gender difference in depression. The work also suggests that focusing solely on biological underpinnings may result in losing the entire scenario; therefore, social and cultural issues that place women in a socially disadvantaged position are equally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucharita Maji
- Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, UP, India
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Settles IH, Cortina LM, Stewart AJ, Malley J. Voice Matters: Buffering the Impact of a Negative Climate for Women in Science. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN QUARTERLY 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00370.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined whether women scientists' perceptions of voice moderate the impact of poor workplace climates on job satisfaction and whether effective leadership and mentoring promote women's voice. Survey data were collected from 135 faculty women in the natural sciences. The results from multiple regression analyses indicated that negative (e.g., sexist, hostile) departmental climates were related to lower job satisfaction. However, voice interacted with climate, such that women who perceived that they had more voice in departmental matters showed higher levels of job satisfaction than those who perceived having less voice. An additional regression indicated that mentoring by other women (but not men) in academia and effective departmental leadership were positively related to women's sense of voice. Theoretical and practical implications for the retention and success of women in male-dominated fields are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilia M. Cortina
- Department of Psychology and Program in Women's Studies, University of Michigan
| | - Abigail J. Stewart
- Department of Psychology and Program in Women's Studies, University of Michigan
| | - Janet Malley
- Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan
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Feinson MC, Hornik-Lurie T. Binge eating & childhood emotional abuse: The mediating role of anger. Appetite 2016; 105:487-93. [PMID: 27208594 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies reveal that childhood emotional abuse (CEA) is the trauma most clearly associated with adult eating pathology. Yet, relatively little is understood about psychological mechanisms linking these distal experiences. Anger's mediational role in the relationship between CEA and adult binge eating (BE) is explored in a community-based sample of 498 adult women (mean age 44). Detailed telephone interviews assess BE (7 items), CEA (single item), and unresolved anger (single item) along with self-criticism (modified Rosenberg self-esteem scale), depression and anxiety symptoms (BSI sub-scales). Statistical analyses include Pearson correlations, Baron and Kenny's steps for mediation, and Preacher and Hayes bootstrapping method to test proposed multiple mediators simultaneously. Findings reveal significantly more respondents (n = 476 with complete data) with serious BE behaviors report a history of CEA compared to women with considerable and/or minimal BE (53% vs 37%, p = 0.002 respectively). Significant correlations are found among all study variables. Mediation analyses focus on anger together with self-criticism, depression and anxiety. Findings reveal anger and self-criticism fully mediate the CEA-BE relationship. In contrast, depression and anxiety symptoms are not significant mediators in a model that includes anger and self-criticism. Although additional research is warranted to more fully understand complex causal processes, in the interim, treatment interventions should be broadened to include assessments of anger among adult women with BE behaviors, especially those with histories of childhood abuse. Additionally, prevention strategies that incorporate learning how to express anger directly and positively may be particularly effective in reducing various disordered eating behaviors among women and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie C Feinson
- The Falk Institute for Mental Health Studies, Kfar Shaul Hospital, Givat Shaul, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Tzipi Hornik-Lurie
- The Falk Institute for Mental Health Studies, Kfar Shaul Hospital, Givat Shaul, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Emergency Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 84105, Beer-sheva, Israel
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Praill N, González-Prendes AA, Kernsmith P. An Exploration of the Relationships between Attitudes Towards Anger Expression and Personal Style of Anger Expression in Women in the USA and Canada. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2015; 36:397-406. [PMID: 26241565 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2014.992082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study surveyed 228 women, ages 18-75, to assess their attitudes towards anger expression in themselves and other women. Following exposure to an anger-inducing vignette, the women were asked to complete the STAXI-2 and evaluate five possible responses based on how appropriate the response was and how likely they felt that other women would respond similarly. Correlation analyses revealed positive and negative relationships between the women's attitudes towards anger expression and their own style of anger expression, as measured by the STAXI-2. The authors discuss implications for practice and future research.
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Ussher JM, Perz J, May E. Pathology or source of power? The construction and experience of premenstrual syndrome within two contrasting cases. FEMINISM & PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0959353514539650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research examines the construction and experience of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in the context of intimate couple relationships, through examination of two contrasting cases analysed using thematic decomposition of narrative interviews. Judith and her male partner pathologised premenstrual change, constructing the premenstrual self as out of control, and the epitome of the ‘monstrous feminine’. Judith reported feeling over-burdened and uncontrollably angry premenstrually, associated with relationship issues and absence of partner recognition or support. In contrast, Sophia normalised premenstrual change, challenging the association between PMS and the construction of woman as deviant or dysfunctional. Sophia reported heightened energy and creativity premenstrually, and engaged in self-care supported by her woman partner. These cases demonstrate that premenstrual distress is an intersubjective experience, with constructions and material practices within relationships providing the context for premenstrual women being positioned as pathological and needing to be contained, or conversely, as sensitive and needing support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Ussher
- Centre for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Janette Perz
- Centre for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily May
- Centre for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Australia
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Gross R, Groer M, Thomas SP. Relationship of trait anger and anger expression to C-reactive protein in postmenopausal women. Health Care Women Int 2013; 35:580-95. [PMID: 24279678 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2013.862798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death for women worldwide. Chronic inflammation and risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, and high cholesterol, are well-established risk factors for CHD. Little is known, however, about the mechanisms by which psychosocial factors, such as general anger proneness (trait anger) and anger expression style, may be associated with proinflammatory processes that contribute to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women. Our purpose in conducting this study was to examine the relationship of trait anger and anger expression to the proinflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP). A cross-sectional between-groups design was used to determine differences in serum levels of CRP in 42 American postmenopausal women, ages 45 to 65, who scored high on the selected anger characteristics, compared with women with lower scores. We did not find differences between high anger women and low anger women in mean levels of CRP, but we did find significant inverse relationships between CRP and some anger control characteristics. Specific health-promoting anger coping behaviors could minimize the deleterious effects of inflammatory responses in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn Gross
- a Department of Nursing , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida , USA
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Ussher JM, Perz J. PMS as a process of negotiation: Women’s experience and management of premenstrual distress. Psychol Health 2013; 28:909-27. [DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2013.765004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lee YM, Kim GM. Patterns of Anger Expression among Middle-aged Korean Women: Q methodology. J Korean Acad Nurs 2012; 42:1001-8. [DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2012.42.7.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Mi Lee
- Department of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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14
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PMS as a Gendered Illness Linked to the Construction and Relational Experience of Hetero-Femininity. SEX ROLES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-011-9977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ussher JM, Perz J. Gender Differences in Self-Silencing and Psychological Distress in Informal Cancer Carers. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN QUARTERLY 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined gender differences in self-silencing, the relationship between self-silencing and psychological distress, and reasons for self-silencing in informal cancer carers (329 women, 155 men), using a mixed-method design. Men reported greater self-silencing than women on the Silencing the Self Scale; however, women reported higher depression and anxiety, even though depression and anxiety were significantly correlated with self-silencing. These gender differences in patterns of self-silencing were explored in follow-up interviews with 34 women and 19 men carers, selected to represent a cross-section of cancer type and stage and analyzed using thematic decomposition and positioning theory. Both men and women reported self-silencing because of their desire to prioritize patient needs or to avoid conflict. However, women positioned self-silencing as a requisite for coping and demonstrated awareness of external judgement, reflecting self-policing linked to constructions of idealized femininity, in particular the positioning of women as natural carers. In contrast, men positioned self-silencing as a normal aspect of masculinity, regarding expressions of needs or feelings as signs of weakness and maintaining a positive front as a means of coping. These findings confirm that men and women self-silence for different reasons and with differential consequences for mental health. The significant association of self-silencing with depression and anxiety suggests that it is not an adaptive behavior for caregivers, supporting previous reports that avoidance of emotional discussion in couples living with cancer is detrimental to coping and to mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M. Ussher
- Culture and Health Research, School of Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Janette Perz
- Culture and Health Research, School of Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Australia
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Eatough V, Smith JA, Shaw R. Women, anger, and aggression: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2008; 23:1767-1799. [PMID: 18319367 DOI: 10.1177/0886260508314932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a qualitative phenomenological investigation of anger and anger-related aggression in the context of the lives of individual women. Semistructured interviews with five women are analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. This inductive approach aims to capture the richness and complexity of the lived experience of emotional life. In particular, it draws attention to the context-dependent and relational dimension of angry feelings and aggressive behavior. Three analytic themes are presented here: the subjective experience of anger, which includes the perceptual confusion and bodily change felt by the women when angry, crying, and the presence of multiple emotions; the forms and contexts of aggression, paying particular attention to the range of aggressive strategies used; and anger as moral judgment, in particular perceptions of injustice and unfairness. The authors conclude by examining the analytic observations in light of phenomenological thinking.
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Graham JE, Lobel M, Glass P, Lokshina I. Effects of written anger expression in chronic pain patients: making meaning from pain. J Behav Med 2008; 31:201-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s10865-008-9149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Flett GL, Besser A, Hewitt PL, Davis RA. Perfectionism, silencing the self, and depression. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Eatough V, Smith J. 'I was like a wild wild person': understanding feelings of anger using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Br J Psychol 2007; 97:483-98. [PMID: 17018185 DOI: 10.1348/000712606x97831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper is concerned with illuminating how emotion (anger) and emotion-related phenomena such as feelings, thoughts and expressions appear to the individual person. In particular, it focuses on the role of feelings in emotion experience. It does this through the qualitative analysis of interview material from a single person case study using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The paper examines how the participant feels and experiences anger, the defining characteristics of anger episodes, and how the typical pattern of these episodes is disrupted by life-changes. The findings are examined in light of phenomenological ideas and the utility of these ideas for psychology's understanding of emotion argued for.
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Abstract
Anger is a "syndrome" of thoughts, feelings and physiologic reactions. Behavioral responses to anger are influenced by multiple contextual factors. Patients and family members may express anger in response to their own experiences of illness, the healthcare system, or the physician-patient/family relationship. Anger may evoke a variety of clinician responses that while understandable, inadvertently escalate patient and family anger. Clinicians who cultivate personal awareness, practice mindful self-monitoring during their interactions, explore the differential diagnosis of anger, demonstrate specific communication skills, set clear boundaries and seek personal support can overcome the challenges of these difficult conversations, and begin to restore trust in the physician-patient/ family relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Lown
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, 300 Mt. Auburn Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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21
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Perz J, Ussher JM. Women's experience of premenstrual syndrome: a case of silencing the self. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/02646830600973883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kukulu K, Buldukoglu K. CORRELATES AND CONSEQUENCES OF ANGER AT THEIR CHILDREN IN IMMIGRANT TURKISH WOMEN. SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY 2006. [DOI: 10.2224/sbp.2006.34.3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to determine and explain the anger of mothers in reaction to their relations with their children, as well as how to deal with this anger. The sample was taken from 539 volunteers living in Antalya, who were married women aged 15–49 with children.
According to results of this study, fighting with other children, disobeying mother, needing interest and truancy were the main causes of anger for mothers. Statistically meaningful relations were found for the reasons of anger, their reactions to anger, coping methods, age of mother, education
level and number of children. It was seen that mothers needed proper ways, parental education, methods and solutions in coping with anger.
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Abstract
Themes of powerlessness, power, and paradox predominate in this reflection on more than 15 years of research on women's anger. Studies conducted in the United States, France, and Turkey are highlighted. These studies have negated several myths while illuminating the general rationality of women's anger: It is squarely grounded in interpersonal interactions in which people deny women power or resources, treat them unjustly, or behave irresponsibly toward them. The offenders are not strangers; rather they are their closest intimates. But few women learned healthy anger expression while growing up. Anger is a confusing and distressing emotion for women, intermingled with hurt and pain. Its complexity requires greater attention by researchers, with regard to health-promoting interventions and to cultural differences, because anger in non-Western cultures has seldom been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P Thomas
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-4180, USA.
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Besser A, Flett GL, Davis RA. Self-criticism, dependency, silencing the self, and loneliness: a test of a mediational model. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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