A boy and his AAC team: building instructional competence across team members

Attitude matters: barriers to participation and learning for students who use AAC

Although current best practices of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) implementation have been established, some studies indicate that there is poor AAC implementation in schools. This qualitative study investigated the barriers to school participation and learning for students who use AAC in Ontario, Canada from the point of view of six parents. After semi-structured interviews were used to gather stories, inductive thematic analysis was used to develop five themes: potential to learn, growth mindset, knowing the student, collaboration, and AAC knowledgeable professionals. This study reinforces the existence of opportunity barriers in schools and extends previous research by identifying the predominance of attitude barriers.

Seeing Into the Future: Adults' Accuracy Predicting the Vocabulary of Early Symbolic Communicators Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

PURPOSE

Vocabulary access is important for individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), especially for children in the early stages of language learning. This study sought to understand how accurate speech-language pathologists (SLPs), teachers, and parents are in predicting the vocabulary needed by early symbolic communicators who use AAC in three contexts.

METHOD

Ten groups, each with a child who used AAC as their primary mode of communication and who was classified as an early symbolic communicator and their parent, teacher, and SLP, participated. The parents, teachers, and SLPs predicted a vocabulary list of words children who use AAC needed to participate in a dinner, a math lesson, and a speech session using the blank page method and categorical inventories technique. Children were then recorded in 15-min videos participating in the three contexts. Words were recorded and compared to the words predicted.

RESULTS

There was large variability in the accuracy of percentage of words the children used that were predicted by the adults out of all the words the children used. The adults were significantly more accurate predicting the vocabulary for the math lesson than the dinner.

CONCLUSIONS

Parents, teachers, and SLPs predicted much of the vocabulary of early symbolic communicators who use AAC. Implications for early vocabulary selection and alternatives to predicting vocabulary are discussed.

"Finding Common Ground" - Impact of a Complex Intervention on Collaboration in Augmentative and Alternative Communication Care of People without Natural Speech

Purpose

Many care settings are characterized by collaboration between a variety of stakeholders. People without natural speech who rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) are often strongly dependent on the involved stakeholders and collaboration among them. Since collaboration can be challenged by many barriers, this study examines the impact of a complex intervention on collaboration in AAC care.

Methods

In a quasi-experimental mixed methods intervention study which include AAC training, AAC therapy and case management, caregivers of AAC users were surveyed at 3 time points to assess collaboration and case management in the intervention versus comparison group. In addition, semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with caregivers in the intervention group. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and by comparison of means. Qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results

The Mann-Whitney U-test showed significantly better collaboration in the intervention group with stakeholders that are more actively involved in AAC care, such as schools (p=0.026) and residential or social facilities (p=0.010), but not with passive stakeholders such as health insurance companies. Most aspects of case management were rated significantly better in the intervention group (p<0.001). The focus group results show mainly positive changes in collaboration with the active stakeholders, such as more commitment and openness toward AAC.

Conclusion

The results show a positive impact of the intervention on the collaboration between stakeholders involved in AAC care - especially with active stakeholders. In particular, the organization of care and the accompanying case management by the AAC consultation centers seem to positively affect collaboration.

Collaboration between stakeholders involved in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) care of people without natural speech

Collaboration among health care providers is intended to dissolve boundaries between the sectors of health care systems. The implementation of adequate augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) care of people without natural speech depends highly on collaboration among multiple stakeholders such as speech and language pathologists, teachers, or physicians. This paper examines existing barriers to and facilitators of collaboration from a stakeholder perspective. Five heterogeneous focus group interviews were conducted with N= 32 stakeholders including speech and language pathologists, AAC consultants, teachers, employees of sheltered workshops, parents, and relatives of AAC users, and other educational professionals (e.g., employees of homes for persons with disabilities) at three AAC counseling centers in Germany. Interview data were analyzed by structured qualitative content analysis. The results show very different experiences of collaboration in AAC care. Factors were identified that can have both positive and negative effects on the collaboration between all stakeholders (e.g., openness toward AAC, knowledge about AAC, communication between stakeholders). In addition, stakeholder-specific influencing factors, such as working conditions or commitment to AAC implementation, were identified. The results also reveal that these factors may have an impact on the quality of AAC care. Overall, the results indicate that good collaboration can contribute to better AAC care and that adequate conditions such as personnel, and time-related resources, or financial conditions need to be established to facilitate collaboration.