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Li W, Li W, Wu P, Jin W, Yuan L, Wang B, Li S, Kang X. Differential responses to avian pathogenic E. coli and the regulatory role of splenic miRNAs in APEC infection in Silkie chickens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1358216. [PMID: 38533381 PMCID: PMC10963617 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1358216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a bacterial disease that harms the poultry industry worldwide, but its effect on Chinese Silkie has not been reported. Studies on whether there are differences in Silkie individual resistance to APEC and the regulatory role of spleen miRNAs lay the foundation for strategies against APEC. Therefore, 270 Silkie chickens were infected with the median lethal dose of an E. coli O1, O2, and O78 mixture. These chickens were divided into a susceptible group (Group S) and a recovery group (Group R) according to whether they survived 15 days postinfection (dpi). Moreover, 90 uninfected APEC Silkie served as controls (Group C). The splenic miRNA expression profile was examined to evaluate the role of miRNAs in the APEC infection response. Of the 270 Silkies infected with APEC, 144 were alive at 15 dpi. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) of splenic miRNAs revealed that the four Group R replicates were clustered with the three Group C replicates and were far from the three Group S replicates. Differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, especially gga-miR-146b-5p, play essential roles in immune and inflammatory responses to APEC. Functional enrichment analyses of DEmiRNAs suggested that suppression of immune system processes (biological processes) might contribute to susceptibility to APEC and that FoxO signaling pathways might be closely associated with the APEC infection response and postinfection repair. This study paves the way for screening anti-APEC Silkies and provides novel insights into the regulatory role of miRNAs in APEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanli Li
- The Shennong Laboratory, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pinhui Wu
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Institute of Animal Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Institute of Animal Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingxun Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Tao S, Tan X, Chai W, Peng X, Zheng W, Fu R, Deng M. Knockdown of KLF5 ameliorates renal fibrosis in MRL/lpr mice via inhibition of MX1 transcription. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e937. [PMID: 37506140 PMCID: PMC10373570 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to elucidate the role of Kruppel-like factor (KLF5) and myxovirus resistance 1 (MX1) in the progression of renal fibrosis in lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS First, the expression of KLF5 and MX1 was assessed in the peripheral blood of LN patients and healthy participants. Next, the pathological changes in renal tissues were evaluated and compared in BALB/c and MRL/lpr mice, by detecting the expression of fibrosis marker proteins (transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β] and CTGF) and α-SMA, the content of urine protein, and the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and serum double-stranded DNA antibody. In TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells, the messenger RNA levels of KLF5 and MX1 were tested by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression of α-SMA, type I collagen (Col I), fibronectin (FN), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was measured by western blot analysis. Moreover, the relationship between KLF5 and MX1 was predicted and verified. RESULTS In renal tissues of MRL/lpr mice and the peripheral blood of LN patients, KLF5 and MX1 were highly expressed. Pearson analysis revealed that KLF5 was positively correlated with MX1. Furthermore, KLF5 bound to MX1 promoter and promoted its transcription level. MRL/lpr mice showed substantial renal injury, accompanied by increased expression of α-SMA, TGF-β, CTGF, Col I, FN, and MMP9. Injection of sh-KLF5 or sh-MX1 alone in MRL/lpr mice reduced renal fibrosis in LN, while simultaneous injection of sh-KLF5 and ad-MX1 exacerbated renal injury and fibrosis. Furthermore, we obtained the same results in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION Knockdown of KLF5 alleviated renal fibrosis in LN through repressing the transcription of MX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen Chai
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weimin Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meihui Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Shi H, Li T, Su M, Wang H, Li Q, Lang X, Ma Y. Whole genome sequencing revealed genetic diversity, population structure, and selective signature of Panou Tibetan sheep. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:50. [PMID: 36707771 PMCID: PMC9883975 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of selective traits in different populations can not only reveal current mechanisms of artificial selection for breeding, but also provide new insights into phenotypic variation in new varieties and the search for genes associated with important traits. Panou sheep is a cultivated breed of Tibetan sheep in China with stable genetic performance, consistent appearance and fast growth and development after decades of artificial selection and cultivation. Due to long-term adaptation to the high altitude, cold and hypoxic environment in the plateau area, they may have formed a unique gene pool that is different from other Tibetan sheep breeds. To explore the genetic resources of Panou sheep, we used next-generation sequencing technology for the first time to investigate the genome-wide population structure, genetic diversity, and candidate signatures of positive selection in Panou sheep. RESULTS Comparative genomic analysis with the closely related species Oula sheep (a native breed of Tibetan sheep in China) was used to screen the population selection signal of Panou sheep. Principal component analysis and neighbor joining tree showed that Panou sheep and Oula sheep had differences in population differentiation. Furthermore, analyses of population structure, they came from the same ancestor, and when K = 2, the two populations could be distinguished. Panou sheep exhibit genetic diversity comparable to Oula sheep, as shown by observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and runs of homozygosity. Genome-wide scanning using the Fst and π ratio methods revealed a list of potentially selected related genes in Panou sheep compared to Oula sheep, including histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2), microphthalmia-related transcription factor (MITF), vesicular amine transporter 1 (VAT1), trichohyalin-like 1 (TCHHL1), amine oxidase, copper containing 3 (AOC3), interferon-inducible protein 35 (IFI35). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that traits related to growth and development and plateau adaptation may be selection targets for the domestication and breeding improvement of Tibetan sheep. This study provides the fundamental footprints for Panou sheep breeding and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Shi
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Taotao Li
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Manchun Su
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Huihui Wang
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Qiao Li
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Xia Lang
- grid.464277.40000 0004 0646 9133Institute of Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Youji Ma
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, 730070 China
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Xu N, Liu J, Li X. Lupus nephritis: The regulatory interplay between epigenetic and MicroRNAs. Front Physiol 2022; 13:925416. [PMID: 36187762 PMCID: PMC9523357 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.925416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small, non-coding RNA molecules that act as epigenetic modifiers to regulate the protein levels of target messenger RNAs without altering their genetic sequences. The highly complex role of miRNAs in the epigenetics of lupus nephritis (LN) is increasingly being recognized. DNA methylation and histone modifications are focal points of epigenetic research. miRNAs play a critical role in renal development and physiology, and dysregulation may result in abnormal renal cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis of the kidneys in LN. However, epigenetic and miRNA-mediated regulation are not mutually exclusive. Further research has established a link between miRNA expression and epigenetic regulation in various disorders, including LN. This review summarizes the most recent evidence regarding the interaction between miRNAs and epigenetics in LN and highlights potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangling Li,
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Li Z, Wang Z, Sun T, Liu S, Ding S, Sun L. Identifying key genes in CD4+ T cells of systemic lupus erythematosus by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:941221. [PMID: 36046235 PMCID: PMC9420982 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.941221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by excessive activation of T and B lymphocytes and breakdown of immune tolerance to autoantigens. Despite several mechanisms including the genetic alterations and inflammatory responses have been reported, the overall signature genes in CD4+ T cells and how they affect the pathological process of SLE remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify the crucial genes, potential biological processes and pathways underlying SLE pathogenesis by integrated bioinformatics. The gene expression profiles of isolated peripheral CD4+ T cells from SLE patients with different disease activity and healthy controls (GSE97263) were analyzed, and 14 co-expression modules were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Some of these modules showed significantly positive or negative correlations with SLE disease activity, and primarily enriched in the regulation of type I interferon and immune responses. Next, combining time course sequencing (TCseq) with differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, crucial genes in lupus CD4+ T cells were revealed, including some interferon signature genes (ISGs). Among these genes, we identified 4 upregulated genes (PLSCR1, IFI35, BATF2 and CLDN5) and 2 downregulated genes (GDF7 and DERL3) as newfound key genes. The elevated genes showed close relationship with the SLE disease activity. In general, our study identified 6 novel biomarkers in CD4+ T cells that might contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zutong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyun Sun, ; Shuai Ding,
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyun Sun, ; Shuai Ding,
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Cao L, Zhang H, Bai J, Wu T, Wang Y, Wang N, Huang C. HERC6 is upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and promotes the disease progression. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:506-514. [PMID: 35880641 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2022.2103800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are any peripheral blood cell with round nuclei, including lymphocytes (T cells, B cells) and monocytes, whose physicochemical properties are randomized by obvious immune changes, and are a potentially effective source of SLE blood test samples and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to explore the upregulation molecules of PBMCs in patients with SLE and to explore their biological role. Homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus (HECT) and regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1)-like domain (RLD) containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 6 (HERC6) expression was found significantly upregulated in four Gene Expression Omnibus gene sets. Moreover, HERC6 expression was upregulated in PBMCs from SLE patients compared with that in PBMCs from normal donors. HERC6 was significantly associated with SLE clinical phenotypes such as complement C3 content, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and SLE disease activity index. In vitro, knockdown of HERC6 inhibited PBMC apoptosis, inflammatory response, and janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling pathway, while overexpression of HERC6 led to the opposite results. In addition, AG490, a JAK/STAT pathway inhibitor, reversed the promoting effect of HERC6 overexpression on PBMC apoptosis and inflammation. In conclusion, the level of HERC6 in PBMCs in patients with SLE was upregulated. Overexpression of HERC6 promoted PBMC apoptosis and inflammatory response, which was involved in the JAK/STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Cao
- Pediatric Department, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Cardiology Department, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, PR China
| | - Jin Bai
- Pediatric Department, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, PR China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Pediatric Department, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, PR China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- Pediatric Department, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Pediatric Department, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Pediatric Department, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, PR China
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Xu B, Sun H, Song X, Liu Q, Jin W. Mapping the Tumor Microenvironment in TNBC and Deep Exploration for M1 Macrophages-Associated Prognostic Genes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923481. [PMID: 35844580 PMCID: PMC9279655 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the worst molecular subtype due to high heterogeneity and lack of effective therapeutic targets. Here we investigated the tumor and immune microenvironment heterogeneity of TNBC using scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data from public databases and our cohort. Macrophage subpopulations accounted for a high proportion of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and M1 macrophages were associated with better clinical outcomes. Furthermore, three maker genes including IFI35, PSMB9, and SAMD9L showed a close connection with M1 macrophages. Specifically, IFI35 was positively associated with macrophage activation, chemotaxis, and migration. Also, patients with high IFI35 expression had a better prognosis. In vitro studies subsequently demonstrated that IFI35 was upregulated during the M1 subtype differentiation of macrophages. In summary, our data suggested that IFI35 maybe a promising novel target that helps to reshape macrophage polarization towards the M1 subtype for anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hefen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Song
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Jin,
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Hu G, Liu L, Miao X, Zhao Y, Li X. Research Note: IsomiRs of chicken miR-146b-5p are activated upon Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101977. [PMID: 35753206 PMCID: PMC9249843 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to enrich the knowledge of chicken transcriptomic response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection, 2-day-old chicks were orally inoculated with this bacteria (1.0 × 108 cfu/mL), and then the cecum tissues of 3 days post-inoculation were utilized for RNA sequencing (6 replicates each for treatment group and control group). After analysis, we found a variety of inflammatory genes were triggered at the mRNA level upon infection. Notably, the expression profiles at the miRNA level and the isomiR level were heterogeneous. Certain isomiRs of chicken miR-146b-5p were significantly increased by more than 2 times compared to control (Padj < 0.05). Combining the bioinformatics prediction, transcriptome data and RT-qPCR results, we deduced that the isomiRs of chicken miR-146b-5p might act to sustain the RIG-I-like receptor signaling and type I interferon induction by repressing USP3 transcript. Our findings provide a new perspective on the regulatory function of miR-146b-5p and facilitate the study of isomiRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Liying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xianyao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
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