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Yoon S. Elder abuse victimization, mental health, and protective factors. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:1334-1342. [PMID: 38497252 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2326992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the association between elder abuse and depressive symptoms, as well as protective factors against adverse mental health outcomes from elder abuse. METHODS Participants were drawn from the 5928 graduates of the WLS, Wave 3 study (age range 70-73) who completed both in-person and telephone interviews. From this large group, 975 (16.4%) participants reported having experienced elder abuse and were included in the sample. Path analysis using Mplus was employed. RESULTS Elder abuse victimization was significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and those who had suffered multiple types of elder abuse experienced more severe mental health outcomes. However, both light physical activity conducted alone and having a friend as a confidant were negatively associated with depressive symptoms among older adults who had experienced elder abuse. CONCLUSION Given the significant association between elder abuse and negative mental health outcomes among older survivors, screening and prevention programs are recommended. Older adults who have experienced elder abuse may benefit from programs designed to increase physical activity and help older adults build and maintain close relationships with friends and confidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukyung Yoon
- Division of Social Work, College of Health Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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2
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Natan MB, Hazanov Y. Exploring undergraduate elder abuse education in nursing: a scoping review. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38852169 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2024.2362749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
One in six adults aged 60 and older experiences abuse annually, revealing a prevalence rate of 15.7%. However, knowledge gaps persist regarding the integration of elder abuse education into nursing curricula. The purpose of this scoping review is to fill the gap in understanding how elder abuse is currently taught to undergraduate nursing students, what methods are employed, and what impact these methods have on students' preparedness. A search across CINAHL, Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed identified 10 relevant studies (2013-present) in English. These studies, encompassing 3,207 undergraduate nursing students, utilized diverse methodologies, focusing on undergraduate nursing education and elder abuse. Limited understanding of elder abuse among undergraduate nursing students is evident, primarily due to inadequate curriculum integration. Various teaching methods, including simulations and participative approaches, show promise in addressing this gap. This scoping review emphasizes the urgent need for enhanced elder abuse education in undergraduate nursing programs. The identified knowledge gap underscores the importance of active teaching methods, especially through simulation integration. Further research is essential to establish a robust evidence base in this critical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merav Ben Natan
- Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
- Department of Nursing, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yelena Hazanov
- Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
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3
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Zhang Kudon H, Herbst JH, Richardson LC, Smith SG, Demissie Z, Siordia C. Prevalence estimates and factors associated with violence among older adults: National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence (NISVS) Survey, 2016/2017. J Elder Abuse Negl 2024; 36:67-83. [PMID: 38129823 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2023.2297227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Abuse of older adults is a public health problem. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) is a nationally-representative, telephone survey for non-institutionalized adults in the United States. To determine the prevalence and factors of intimate partner psychological aggression and physical violence and sexual violence by any perpetrator against older adults, we analyzed NISVS 2016/2017 data (n = 10,171, aged ≥ 60 years). Past 12-month prevalence of psychological aggression, physical violence, and sexual violence was 2.1%, 0.8%, and 1.7%, respectively. Odds of psychological aggression were significantly higher among those with hearing or vision impairment, and lower among those aged ≥70 years. Odds of physical violence were significantly higher for males and for those with hearing or vision impairment. Odds of sexual violence were significantly higher for unpartnered individuals and those with cognitive impairment; and lower for those aged ≥ 70 years. Epidemiologic studies of violence against older adults can inform population-specific prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang Kudon
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Herbst
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - LaTonia C Richardson
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sharon G Smith
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zewditu Demissie
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Office of Health Equity and Health Disparities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Carlos Siordia
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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4
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Lewis S, Connolly MT, Salvo E, Kimball PF, Rogers G, MacNeil A, Burnes D. Effect of an elder abuse and self-neglect intervention on repeat investigations by adult protective services: RISE project. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:3403-3412. [PMID: 37427825 PMCID: PMC10776806 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult Protective Services (APS) is the primary agency responsible for investigating elder abuse and self-neglect (EASN) allegations in the United States. The harms of EASN are well established; however, APS lacks a conceptually derived evidenced-based intervention phase. RISE is a community-based intervention designed to complement APS that provides enhanced services and a longer intervention phase. The objective of this study was to test whether exposure to the RISE/APS collaboration was associated with reducing the case outcome of recurrence (repeat investigations) compared to usual care APS only services. METHODS A retrospective observational study (n = 1947) of two counties in Maine where RISE was available to provide enhanced services to persons referred from APS. An extended regression endogenous treatment Probit model using APS administrative data was used to predict case recurrence. RESULTS Between July 2019 and October 2021, 154 cases participated in RISE and 1793 received usual APS only services. 49% of cases in RISE had 2 or more prior substantiated allegations versus 6% for those receiving usual APS care, and 46% of cases in RISE had a recurrence during the observation period versus 6% for usual care group. However, after accounting for the non-random treatment assignment, RISE was associated with a significantly lowered likelihood of recurrence compared to persons receiving usual care provided by APS (probability of recurrence reduced by 0.55 for the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated and 0.26 for the Average Treatment Effect). CONCLUSIONS A reduction in recurrence carries important implications for APS clients, costs, resources, and workflow. It may also serve as a proxy indicating a reduction in revictimization and harm for EASN victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Lewis
- One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Marie-Therese Connolly
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Erin Salvo
- Maine Adult Protective Services, Augusta, Maine, United States
| | | | - Geoff Rogers
- Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, New York, New York, United States
| | - Andie MacNeil
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Burnes
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Falardeau MC, Beaulieu M, Carbonneau H, Levasseur M. Practices countering resident-to-resident aggression and promoting wellness care for older adults in congregate residential facilities: results from a systematic review. J Elder Abuse Negl 2023; 35:174-211. [PMID: 38073175 DOI: 10.1080/08946566.2023.2283746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Resident-to-resident aggression (RRA) is an important issue in congregate residential facilities (CRFs) for older adults and has devastating effects. This study aimed to provide an inventory and content analysis of the practices used to counter RRA and promote wellness care for older adults in CRFs. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, original, peer-reviewed research and systematic reviews published in 14 electronic databases and two gray literature sources were examined. Of the 6196 articles identified, 28 met the inclusion criteria. Practices aimed to prevent, track or intervene in RRA, mostly in long-term care centers, but few were evidence-based and ready for widespread implementation. It emerges that continuous training of staff is necessary and that it should prioritize a person-centered approach. CRFs' managers must promote a culture of wellness care and policymakers should consider the prevention practices to improve the quality of life of older adults in CRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Chantal Falardeau
- School of Social Work, Université de Sherbrooke and Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- School of Social Work, Université de Sherbrooke and Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Hélène Carbonneau
- Culture and Tourism Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Mélanie Levasseur
- School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke and Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Bolkan C, Teaster PB, Ramsey-Klawsnik H. The Context of Elder Maltreatment: an Opportunity for Prevention Science. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2023; 24:911-925. [PMID: 37145180 PMCID: PMC10161185 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-022-01470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Elder maltreatment (EM) has been understood as a worldwide major public health threat for decades, yet it remains a form of victimization receiving limited attention, resources, and research. EM, which includes caregiver neglect and self-neglect, has far-reaching and long-lasting impacts on older adults, their families, and communities. Rigorous prevention and intervention research has significantly lagged in proportion to the magnitude of this problem. With rapidly growing population aging, the coming decade will be transformative: by 2030, one in six people worldwide will be aged 60 or older, and approximately 16% will experience at least one form of maltreatment (World Health Organization, 2021). The goal of this paper is to raise awareness of the context and complexities of EM, provide an overview of current intervention strategies based on a scoping review, and discuss opportunities for further prevention research, practice, and policy within an ecological model applicable to EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Bolkan
- Washington State University, Vancouver, USA.
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Steinsheim G, Malmedal W, Follestad T, Olsen B, Saga S. Contextual Factors Associated with Abuse of Home-Dwelling Persons with Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study of Informal Caregivers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2823. [PMID: 36833519 PMCID: PMC9957528 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One in six community-dwelling older adults experience elder abuse yearly, and persons with dementia are especially at risk. Although many risk factors for elder abuse have been identified, there are still knowledge gaps concerning risk and protective factors. This cross-sectional survey among Norwegian informal caregivers (ICGs) aimed to find individual, relational, and community factors associated with psychological and physical abuse of home-dwelling persons with dementia. This study involved 540 ICGs and was conducted from May to December 2021. Statistical analysis using penalized logistic regression with lasso was performed to find covariates associated with psychological and physical elder abuse. The most prominent risk factor for both subtypes of abuse was the caregiver being a spouse. In addition, risk factors for psychological abuse were having a higher caregiver burden, experiencing psychological aggression from the person with dementia, and the person with dementia being followed up by their general practitioner. For physical abuse, the protective factors were the ICG being female and having an assigned personal municipal health service contact, while the risk factors were the ICG attending a caregiver training program and experiencing physical aggression from the person with dementia and the person with dementia having a higher degree of disability. These findings add to the existing knowledge of risk and protective factors in elder abuse among home-dwelling persons with dementia. This study provides relevant knowledge for healthcare personnel working with persons with dementia and their caregivers and for the development of interventions to prevent elder abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunn Steinsheim
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Wenche Malmedal
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Turid Follestad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Research Unit Central Norway, St. Olavs Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bonnie Olsen
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91803, USA
| | - Susan Saga
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway
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Mikton C, Beaulieu M, Burnes D, Choo WY, Herbst JH, Pillemer K, Yon Y. High time for an intervention accelerator to prevent abuse of older people. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:973-975. [PMID: 37118090 PMCID: PMC10148954 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00301-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are no evidence-based interventions to prevent and respond to abuse of older people. We propose to create, within the Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030, an intervention accelerator to speed up the development of effective interventions for abuse of older people in community and institutional settings within low-, middle- and high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Mikton
- Department of Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- Center for Research on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Burnes
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wan-Yuen Choo
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeffrey H Herbst
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karl Pillemer
- College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yongjie Yon
- Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Simmons J, Motamedi A, Ludvigsson M, Swahnberg K. Testing an educational intervention to improve health care providers' preparedness to care for victims of elder abuse: a mixed method pilot study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:597. [PMID: 35922855 PMCID: PMC9351204 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder abuse is prevalent and associated with ill-health. However, health care providers often lack education about elder abuse and older patients' victimization often remains unknown to them. In this pilot study we performed initial testing of an educational model aiming at improving health care providers' preparedness to care for older adults subjected to abuse, or more specifically their self-reported propensity to ask older patients questions about abuse and perceived ability to manage the response. METHODS The educational model consisted of a full training day about elder abuse, including theory, group discussions and forum theatre. Forum theatre is an interactive form of drama in which participants are not only observers, but rather spect-actors, urged to participate in the scene. They are thereby given the opportunity to discuss and practise difficult health care encounters. Medical interns (intervention group n = 16, control group n = 14) in Sweden participated in the study and a mixed method convergent parallel design was used. Quantitative data was collected at baseline and 6 months post-intervention using a questionnaire (the REAGERA-P). Qualitative interviews were conducted with four of the participants in the intervention group and data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The reported frequency of asking older patients questions about abuse increased in the intervention group (p = 0.047), but not the control group (p = 0.38) post-intervention. Potential mediators for the improvement were an increased awareness of elder abuse and higher self-efficacy for asking questions about elder abuse. Participants also reported a higher perceived ability to manage cases of elder abuse, even though uncertainties concerning how to provide the best possible care remained. The qualitative interviews indicated that learning from each other in group discussions and forum theatre likely was an important contributor to the positive results. CONCLUSION This pilot test indicated that the educational model may be effective in improving health care providers' preparedness to care for older adults subjected to abuse. However, uncertainties about how to handle elder abuse cases remained post-intervention. In a future full-scale test of the model more focus needs to be put on how to manage cases of elder abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Simmons
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Atbin Motamedi
- Department of Emergency Medicine in Norrköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Ludvigsson
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry in Linköping, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Katarina Swahnberg
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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Hirt J, Adlbrecht L, Heinrich S, Zeller A. Staff-to-resident abuse in nursing homes: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:563. [PMID: 35794542 PMCID: PMC9261065 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder abuse in long-term care is an important public health concern with social, health-related, and economic implications. Staff-to-resident abuse is of particular interest since institutions should protect residents' rights and prevent harm. To provide an up-to date comprehensive overview of staff-to-resident abuse in nursing homes, we performed a scoping review considering types of abuse, their prevalence and associated factors, descriptions, experiences, and preventive interventions. METHODS We performed a scoping review following the framework provided by Arksey and O'Malley. We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO via Ovid, and Cochrane Library. Additionally, we performed free web searching using Google Scholar and checked relevant reviews. Two reviewers independently selected studies. We narratively synthesised the results. RESULTS Out of 3876 references retrieved by our search, we included 46 studies in 47 reports. The prevalence rates of abuse varied widely, ranging from 0 to 93% depending on the type of abuse. Associated factors of abuse at the staff, resident, and nursing home level were evaluated inconsistently. Abuse was perceived ambiguous: even though it was considered unacceptable, it was underreported. We found only four studies addressing preventive interventions. Of these, four made recommendations for intervention development. Only one study with an experimental design examined a multi-component intervention including education and mutual support. CONCLUSIONS The review yielded heterogenous evidence not allowing a concrete conclusion on prevalence and associated factors. However, the results show the significance of the problem and indicate that there are associate factors of abuse that can be influenced by appropriate interventions. These are amongst other staff education, organisational culture, and conditions. Further research should investigate the composition and content of preventive interventions and their potential to reduce abusive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hirt
- Center for Dementia Care, Institute of Applied Nursing Sciences, Department of Health, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, 9000 St.Gallen, Switzerland
- International Graduate Academy, Medical Faculty, Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Adlbrecht
- Center for Dementia Care, Institute of Applied Nursing Sciences, Department of Health, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, 9000 St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Heinrich
- Center for Dementia Care, Institute of Applied Nursing Sciences, Department of Health, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, 9000 St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Adelheid Zeller
- Center for Dementia Care, Institute of Applied Nursing Sciences, Department of Health, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, 9000 St.Gallen, Switzerland
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Alqarni MA, Mattoo K, Dhingra S, Baba SM, Al Sanabani F, Al Makramani BMA, Akkam HM. Sensitizing Family Caregivers to Influence Treatment Compliance among Elderly Neglected Patients-A 2-Year Longitudinal Study Outcome in Completely Edentulous Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050533. [PMID: 34063316 PMCID: PMC8147452 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers have reported a certain segment of geriatric patients that are suffering from abuse/neglect, which in turn has been associated with anxiety, depression, and helplessness in the individual. Family caregivers (blood relations), being the most common perpetrators of elder abuse and neglect (EAN), have also been shown to respond to sensitization if the type of EAN and the interventions are appropriate. This study was aimed to comparatively analyze the influence of intervention (psychotherapeutic sensitization of FCG) upon long-term (24 months) treatment maintenance and satisfaction in elderly neglected patients. One hundred and fifty patients (aged 41–80 years) suffering from elder neglect (EN) (self-confession) and their respective FCGs, fulfilling the study criteria, participated in this longitudinal 2-year study. The patients were randomly distributed (simple random, convenient) in two equal groups (75 each), namely Group (GP) A (control) and GP B (test). A standardized, complete denture treatment was initiated for all the participants. Both the FCGs and the patients of GP B were sensitized (psychotherapeutic education) for EN, while there was no such intervention in GP A. The influence of such intervention was measured for denture maintenance [denture plaque index (DPI) scores] and treatment satisfaction (10-point visual analog scale). Absolute/relative frequencies and means were major calculations during data analysis. Differences between the groups for any treatment compliance parameter was done through the unpaired t-test, while Karl Pearson’s test determined the level of relationship between variables (p-value < 0.05). Decrease in mean DPI scores (suggesting improvement) was seen among patients in GP A from 1 month (m = 2.92) to 24 months (m = 2.77). A negligible increase in DPI scores was observed among patients of GP B from 1 month (m = 1.38) to 24 months (m = 1.44). Differences in mean values between the two groups were statistically significant at 24-month intervals, while the relationship between the variables was nonsignificant. FCG sensitization through psychotherapeutic education shows a long-term positive influence on the treatment compliance (maintenance and satisfaction). Identifying the existence of EAN among geriatric patients, followed by psychotherapeutic education of FCGs is recommended for routine medical and dental long-duration treatment procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Alqarni
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Khurshid Mattoo
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.S.); (B.M.A.A.M.); (H.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-595-086-078
| | - Surbhi Dhingra
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Subharti Dental College, Swami Vivekananda Subharti Univeristy, Meerut 250001, India;
| | - Suheel Manzoor Baba
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Fuad Al Sanabani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.S.); (B.M.A.A.M.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Bandar M. A. Al Makramani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.S.); (B.M.A.A.M.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Hadeel Mohammed Akkam
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.S.); (B.M.A.A.M.); (H.M.A.)
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