1
|
Zhang H, Fan Y, Li H, Feng X, Yue D. Genetic association of serum lipids and lipid-modifying targets with endometriosis: Trans-ethnic Mendelian-randomization and mediation analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301752. [PMID: 38820493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior observational research identified dyslipidemia as a risk factor for endometriosis (EMS) but the causal relationship remains unestablished due to inherent study limitations. METHODS Genome-wide association study data for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) from European (EUR) and East Asian (EAS) ancestries were sourced from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium. Multi-ancestry EMS data came from various datasets. Univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) examined causal links between serum lipids and EMS. Multivariable and mediation MR explored the influence of seven confounding factors and mediators. Drug-target MR investigates the association between lipid-lowering target genes identified in positive results and EMS. The primary method was inverse-variance weighted (IVW), with replication datasets and meta-analyses reinforcing causal associations. Sensitivity analyses included false discovery rate (FDR) correction, causal analysis using summary effect estimates (CAUSE), and colocalization analysis. RESULTS IVW analysis in EUR ancestry showed a significant causal association between TG and increased EMS risk (OR = 1.112, 95% CI 1.033-1.198, P = 5.03×10-3, PFDR = 0.03), supported by replication and meta-analyses. CAUSE analysis confirmed unbiased results (P < 0.05). Multivariable and mediation MR revealed that systolic blood pressure (Mediation effect: 7.52%, P = 0.02) and total testosterone (Mediation effect: 10.79%, P = 0.01) partly mediated this relationship. No causal links were found between other lipid traits and EMS (P > 0.05 & PFDR > 0.05). In EAS ancestry, no causal relationships with EMS were detected (P > 0.05 & PFDR > 0.05). Drug-target MR indicated suggestive evidence for the influence of ANGPTL3 on EMS mediated through TG (OR = 0.798, 95% CI 0.670-0.951, P = 0.01, PFDR = 0.04, PP.H4 = 0.85%). CONCLUSIONS This MR study in EUR ancestry indicated an increased EMS risk with higher serum TG levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- Gynecology Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical-College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yawei Fan
- General Surgery of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical-College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huijun Li
- The Laboratory Medicine Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical-College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Feng
- Gynecology Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical-College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Daoyuan Yue
- The Laboratory Medicine Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical-College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pant A, Moar K, K Arora T, Maurya PK. Biomarkers of endometriosis. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 549:117563. [PMID: 37739024 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is one of the most severe female reproductive disorders, affecting 6-10% of women between 18 and 35. It is a gynaecological condition where endometrial tissue develops and settles outside the uterus. The aetiology of endometriosis is primarily influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and non-genetic variables, making it highly challenging to create a therapeutic therapy explicitly targeting the ectopic tissue. The delay in the treatment is due to the limitations in the diagnostic approaches, which are restricted to invasive techniques such as laparoscopy or laparotomy. This accords to 70% of the women being diagnosed at later stages. By understanding the subject, several treatment medications have been produced to lessen the disease's symptoms. Nevertheless, endometriosis cannot be permanently cured. A viable or persuasive standard screening test for endometriosis must be utilized in a clinical context. A helpful assessment method for the early identification of endometriosis could be biomarkers. A major research priority is the identification of a biomarker that is sensitive and specific enough for detecting endometriosis. The present article has reviewed studies published on the expression of biomarkers of endometriosis. It outlines various biomarkers from different sample types, such as serum/plasma and urine, in addition to tissue. This would provide a non-invasive approach to diagnosing the disease at the initial stages without any harmful repercussions. Future high-throughput advances in science and technology are anticipated to result in the creation of a potent remedy for endometriosis. To achieve successful outcomes, it is necessary to research the discussed biomarkers that demonstrate substantial results extensively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Pant
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Kareena Moar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Taruna K Arora
- Reproductive Biology and Maternal Child Health Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng R, Du X, Lei Y. Correlations between endometriosis, lipid profile, and estrogen levels. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34348. [PMID: 37478235 PMCID: PMC10662880 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the association between serum lipids and the occurrence and development of endometriosis using a retrospective review of clinical data. A total of 177 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery due to benign ovarian masses, 117 patients with endometriosis (53 stage III and 64 stage IV), and 60 patients with benign ovarian masses without endometriosis were selected from the gynecology department of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, between January 1, 2020, and October 30, 2022, to search for endometriosis occurrence by retrospectively analyzed the patients clinical data Risk factors for development and to explore the relationship between blood lipids and endometriosis. The scores of estradiol (E2), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and pain in the endo - and non-endometriosis groups were significantly different (P < .05), but there was no significant correlation between these 3. There were significant differences (P < .05) in E2, triglyceride (TG), CA125, and the size of the masses between patients with stage III and IV endometriosis. TG, E2, and CA125 were found to be valuable as separate indicators for the prediction of endometriosis, and the 3 indicators could improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of endometriosis when combined. Triglycerides may be positively correlated with the severity of endometriosis. The combination of TG, E2 and CA125 can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of endometriosis staging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abramiuk M, Frankowska K, Kułak K, Tarkowski R, Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Grywalska E. Possible Correlation between Urocortin 1 (Ucn1) and Immune Parameters in Patients with Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097787. [PMID: 37175494 PMCID: PMC10178394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of endometriosis (EMS) has not been clearly elucidated yet, and that is probably the reason why its diagnostic process is frequently long-lasting and inefficient. Nowadays, the non-invasive diagnostic methods of EMS are still being sought. Our study aimed to assess the serum and peritoneal fluid levels of urocortin 1 (Ucn1) in patients with EMS and healthy women. Moreover, considering the immune background of the disease, the association between Ucn1 and several immune parameters was studied in both groups. We found that the serum Ucn1 level was significantly upregulated in women with EMS compared to healthy patients. Moreover, higher serum Ucn1 levels tended to correspond with more advanced stages of the disease (p = 0.031). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that based on serum Ucn1 levels, it is possible to distinguish deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) from among other EMS types. Together, these results indicate Ucn1 as a possible promising biomarker of EMS: however, not in isolation, but rather to enhance the effectiveness of other diagnostic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Abramiuk
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Frankowska
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Student Scientific Association, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kułak
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Tarkowski
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis: Immunologic and genetic markers. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 538:70-86. [PMID: 36375526 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis, a benign gynecologic and chronic inflammatory disease, is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus characterized mainly by pelvic pain and infertility. Because endometriosis affects approximately 10% of females, it represents a significant socioeconomic burden worldwide having tremendous impact on daily quality of life. Accurate and prompt diagnosis is crucial for the management of this debilitating disorder. Unfortunately, diagnosis is typically delayed to lack of specific symptoms and readily accessible biomarkers. Although histopathologic examination remains the current gold standard, this approach is highly invasive and not applicable for early screening. Recent work has focused on the identification of reliable biomarkers including immunologic, ie, immune cells, antibodies and cytokines, as well as genetic and biochemical markers, ie, microRNAs, lncRNAs, circulating and mitochondrial nucleic acids, along with some hormones, glycoproteins and signaling molecules. Confirmatory research studies are, however, needed to more fully establish these markers in the diagnosis, progression and staging of these endometrial lesions.
Collapse
|
6
|
Vannuccini S, Clemenza S, Rossi M, Petraglia F. Hormonal treatments for endometriosis: The endocrine background. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:333-355. [PMID: 34405378 PMCID: PMC9156507 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a benign uterine disorder characterized by menstrual pain and infertility, deeply affecting women's health. It is a chronic disease and requires a long term management. Hormonal drugs are currently the most used for the medical treatment and are based on the endocrine pathogenetic aspects. Estrogen-dependency and progesterone-resistance are the key events which cause the ectopic implantation of endometrial cells, decreasing apoptosis and increasing oxidative stress, inflammation and neuroangiogenesis. Endometriotic cells express AMH, TGF-related growth factors (inhibin, activin, follistatin) CRH and stress related peptides. Endocrine and inflammatory changes explain pain and infertility, and the systemic comorbidities described in these patients, such as autoimmune (thyroiditis, arthritis, allergies), inflammatory (gastrointestinal/urinary diseases) and mental health disorders.The hormonal treatment of endometriosis aims to block of menstruation through an inhibition of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis or by causing a pseudodecidualization with consequent amenorrhea, impairing the progression of endometriotic implants. GnRH agonists and antagonists are effective on endometriosis by acting on pituitary-ovarian function. Progestins are mostly used for long term treatments (dienogest, NETA, MPA) and act on multiple sites of action. Combined oral contraceptives are also used for reducing endometriosis symptoms by inhibiting ovarian function. Clinical trials are currently going on selective progesterone receptor modulators, selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors. Nowadays, all these hormonal drugs are considered the first-line treatment for women with endometriosis to improve their symptoms, to postpone surgery or to prevent post-surgical disease recurrence. This review aims to provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art on the current and future hormonal treatments for endometriosis, exploring the endocrine background of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vannuccini
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Clemenza
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Margherita Rossi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kimber-Trojnar Ż, Pilszyk A, Niebrzydowska M, Pilszyk Z, Ruszała M, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. The Potential of Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Asymptomatic Patients with Endometriosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2762. [PMID: 34201813 PMCID: PMC8268879 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disease that affects women of reproductive age and has a significantly negative impact on their well-being. The main symptoms are dysmenorrhoea, chronic pelvic pain and infertility. In many patients the diagnostic process is very long and can take up to 8-12 years. Laparoscopy, an invasive method, is still necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, development of more effective diagnostic markers appears to be of the utmost importance for early diagnosis of endometriosis and provision of appropriate treatment. From a clinical point of view, detection of early-stage endometriosis in asymptomatic patients is an ideal situation since early diagnosis of endometriosis may delay the onset of symptoms as well as prevent progression and complications. In the meantime, Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125) is still the most frequently studied and used marker. Other glycoproteins, growth factors and immune markers seem to play an important role. However, the search for an ideal endometriosis marker is still underway. Further studies into the pathogenesis of endometriosis will help to identify biomarkers or sets of biomarkers with the potential to improve and speed up the diagnostic process in a non-invasive way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Aleksandra Pilszyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Magdalena Niebrzydowska
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Zuzanna Pilszyk
- Scientific Association at the 2nd Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Monika Ruszała
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng LS, Li ZM, Chen G, Liu FY, Luo Y, Guo JB, Gao GD, Deng YH, Xu LX, Zhou JY, Zou Y. Frequent DYSF rare variants/mutations in 152 Han Chinese samples with ovarian endometriosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:671-677. [PMID: 33987686 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disease greatly affecting women health. Prior studies have implicated that dysferlin (DYSF) aberration might be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis. In the present study, we explore the potential presence of DYSF mutations in a total of 152 Han Chinese samples with ovarian endometriosis. METHODS We analyze the potential presence of DYSF mutations by direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS A total of seven rare variants/mutations in the DYSF gene in 10 out of 152 samples (6.6%) were identified, including 5 rare variants and 2 novel mutations. For the 5 rare variants, p.R334W and p.G941S existed in 2 samples, p.R865W, p.R1173H and p.G1531S existed in single sample, respectively; for the two novel mutations, p.W352* and p.I1642F, they were identified in three patients. These rare variants/mutations were absent or existed at extremely low frequency either in our 1006 local control women without endometriosis, or in the China Metabolic Analytics Project (ChinaMAP) and Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) databases. Evolutionary conservation analysis results suggested that all of these rare variants/mutations were evolutionarily conserved among 11 vertebrate species from Human to Fox. Furthermore, in silico analysis results suggested these rare variants/mutations were disease-causing. Nevertheless, we find no significant association between DYSF rare variants/mutations and the clinical features in our patients. To our knowledge, this is the first report revealing frequent DYSF mutations in ovarian endometriosis. CONCLUSION We identified a high frequency of DYSF rare variants/mutations in ovarian endometriosis for the first time. This study suggests a new correlation between DYSF rare variants/mutations and ovarian endometriosis, implicating DYSF rare variants/mutations might be positively involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sha Peng
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Chen
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.,Central Lab, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.,Central Lab, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.,Central Lab, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Bai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hui Deng
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No 318 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China. .,Central Lab, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yamato S, Kurematsu A, Amano T, Ariga H, Ando T, Komaki G, Wada K. Urocortin 1: A putative excitatory neurotransmitter in the enteric nervous system. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13842. [PMID: 32196844 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urocortin 1 (Ucn1), a stress-related peptide, is a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family and acts as a CRF1 receptor agonist. Ucn1 and CRF1 receptor immunoreactivity are present in the enteric nervous system (ENS), and Ucn1 elicits contraction of colonic muscle strips. Considering these findings, we have hypothesized that Ucn1 acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the ENS. The present study was conducted to determine whether exogenously applied Ucn1 causes contractions, whether it participates in neurally mediated contraction, and whether it is released from the ENS of the rat colon. METHODS Isometric tension of the rat colonic muscle strips (middle to distal colon) in a longitudinal direction was measured. The effects of Ucn1 on phasic contractions were examined in the absence and presence of antalarmin (CRF1 receptor antagonist), tetrodotoxin (TTX), and atropine. The effects of antalarmin on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contractions were examined in the absence and presence of atropine. Ucn1 peptide in the bath solution was measured after EFS using an EIA kit. KEY RESULTS Ucn1 caused a significant and dose-dependent increase in phasic contractions. These effects were completely inhibited by antalarmin, TTX, and atropine. EFS-induced contractions were inhibited by antalarmin. Atropine markedly reduced EFS-induced contractions, and antalarmin did not decrease these contractions further. EFS elicited a significant increase in the concentration of Ucn1 in the bath solution, and this increase was completely inhibited by TTX. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES These results suggest that Ucn1 acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the ENS enhancing the cholinergic neurotransmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Yamato
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Kurematsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Amano
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Ariga
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ando
- Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Komaki
- Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Wada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Effect of DHT-Induced Hyperandrogenism on the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Morphology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56030100. [PMID: 32120970 PMCID: PMC7142739 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent disorders among women of reproductive age. It is considered as a pro-inflammatory state with chronic low-grade inflammation, one of the key factors contributing to the pathogenesis of this disorder. Polycystic ovary is a well-established criterion for PCOS. The present investigation aimed at finding the role of hyperandrogenism, the most important feature of PCOS, in the development of this inflammatory state. To address this problem, we adopted a model system that developed polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM), which could be most effectively used in order to study the role of non-aromatizable androgen in inflammation in PCOS. Materials and Methods: Six rats were used to induce PCOM in 21-days-old female Wistar albino rats by using a pre-determined release of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a potent non-aromatizable androgen, achieved by implanting a DHT osmotic pump, which is designed to release a daily dose of 83 μg. Results: After 90 days, the rats displayed irregular estrous cycles and multiple ovarian cysts similar to human PCOS. Elevated serum inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the presence of a necrotic lesion in the liver, osteoclast in the femur, multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes in the ovary based on histopathological observation of DHT-treated rats clearly indicated the onset of inflammation in the hyperandrogenic state. Our results show no significant alterations in serum hormones such as luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), insulin, and cortisol between control and hyperandrogenised rats. DHT was significantly elevated as compared to control. mRNA studies showed an increased expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β, further, the mRNA expression of urocortin 1 (Ucn-1) was stupendously elevated in the liver of hyperandrogenised rats. Conclusions: Thus, results from this study provide: (1) a good PCOM model system in order to study the inflammatory changes in PCOS aspects, (2) alteration of inflammatory markers in PCOM rats that could be either due to its direct effect or by the regulation of various inflammatory genes and markers in the liver of hyperandrogenic state suggesting the regulatory role of DHT, and (3) alteration in stress-related protein in the liver of PCOM rats.
Collapse
|
11
|
Reis FM, Coutinho LM, Vannuccini S, Luisi S, Petraglia F. Is Stress a Cause or a Consequence of Endometriosis? Reprod Sci 2020; 27:39-45. [PMID: 32046437 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies clearly indicate that endometriosis is a condition associated with high levels of chronic stress. The stress intensity correlates with pain severity and disease extension. However, it is unknown whether chronic stress represents a primary cause of endometriosis and, therefore, if avoiding or treating chronic stress may reduce the risk of developing endometriosis. Repeated, uncontrolled stress either before or after experimental endometriosis induction promotes disease mechanisms and accelerates lesion growth in rodents. Furthermore, patients with endometriosis have a heightened risk of other inflammatory and immune-related diseases, many of which have also been associated with stress. Here, we review the latest evidences regarding the relationship between chronic stress and endometriosis and discuss the potential bidirectional aspect of such association. Further research may clarify if endometriosis is a cause and/or a consequence of stress and whether stress-reducing therapies are effective to mitigate symptoms and slow down the development of endometriotic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M Reis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Coutinho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Maternal and Child Health, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Silvia Vannuccini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Largo G. Alessandro Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, FI, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Luisi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pergialiotis V, Tagkou NM, Tsimpiktsioglou A, Klavdianou O, Neonaki A, Trompoukis P. Urocortin Expression in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2019; 13:1-5. [PMID: 30644237 PMCID: PMC6334014 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2019.5488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Urocortin (UCN) is a neuropeptide that belongs to the corticotrophin-releasing hormone family and is expressed by
eutopic and ectopic human endometria. The past years, this expression has been thoroughly investigated in the field
of endometriosis. The objective of this systematic review is to accumulate current evidence related to the expression
of UCN in tissue and blood samples of patients suffering from endometriosis. Literature search was designed accord-
ing to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and primarily
conducted using the Medline (1966-2018), Scopus (2004-2018), EMBASE (1947-2018) and Clinicaltrials.gov (2008-
2018) databases, along with the reference lists of electronically retrieved full-text papers. Overall, eight studies were
retrieved. Current evidence suggests that the expression of UCN is increased in patients with ovarian endometriomas
and that its levels may correlate with the severity of the disease. The diagnostic efficacy of UCN1 plasma levels was
evaluated in three studies. Two of them suggested that the sensitivity and specificity of the method may reach, and
even exceed, 80%. However, the wide variation in outcome reporting and outcome reporting measures in endome-
triosis among the included studies precludes meta-analysis of available data. Therefore, although UCN seems to be a
promising biomarker for the identification and follow-up of patients that suffer from endometriosis, more studies are
needed to reach firm conclusions with respect to its predictive accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Pergialiotis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens, Greece.,Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.Electronic Address:
| | | | | | - Olga Klavdianou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Neonaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens, Greece
| | - Pantelis Trompoukis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disorder which presents significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and management. Despite decades of research, there are no sufficiently sensitive and specific signs and symptoms nor blood tests for the clinical confirmation of endometriosis, which hampers prompt diagnosis and treatment. The huge majority of potential biomarkers has been discarded in research stage and very few have been translated to clinical practice. Serum CA-125 is the most studied and used one, but studies have shown its poor diagnostic performance. Several factors involved in the chronic inflammatory process of endometriosis, such as hormones, cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic factors, oxidative stress markers and others, have been implicated in the disease's pathogenesis and have been extensively studied, but not a single one has successfully been able to accurately identify the disease. MicroRNAs have emerged more recently but their utility to detect endometriosis remains uncertain. The search for a biomarker or a set of biomarkers is still open and may benefit from novel molecular biology and bioinformatics approaches to mine and uncover molecular signatures specifically associated with the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M Coutinho
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Ferreira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza L Rocha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcia M Carneiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Reis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|