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Osadchuk L, Kleshchev M, Osadchuk A. Effects of cigarette smoking on semen quality, reproductive hormone levels, metabolic profile, zinc and sperm DNA fragmentation in men: results from a population-based study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1255304. [PMID: 37920251 PMCID: PMC10619690 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1255304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking seems to have a negative impact on men's reproductive health, but our knowledge of its effects on the reproductive function of Russian men is still very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on semen quality, including sperm DNA fragmentation, hormonal, zinc and metabolic status in young men from the general multi-ethnic Russian population (n=1,222, median age 23 years) and to find out the ethno-specific effects of smoking by comparing male groups of different ethnicity. Methods Each participant filled out a standardized questionnaire, provided one blood and semen sample. Semen parameters, serum reproductive hormones, lipids, glucose, uric acid and seminal zinc were analyzed. Participants were classified as smokers (n=450) and non-smokers (n=772), and smokers were stratified into moderate (≤10 cigarettes/day) and heavy (>10 cigarettes/day) smokers. Results In the entire study population, heavy smokers were characterized by a decrease in semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration and motility, and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoospermia compared with non-smokers (p<0.05). There was also a reduction in the serum and seminal zinc level as well as an impairment in metabolic health in smokers compared with non-smokers (p<0.05). No significant differences between smokers and non-smokers were found for serum levels of LH, FSH, inhibin B, testosterone and estradiol. In the second part of our study, the most numerous ethnic groups of Slavs (n=654), Buryats (n=191), and Yakuts (n=125) were selected from the entire study population. Among three ethnic groups, the smoking intensity was higher in Slavs than in Buryats or Yakuts suggesting a greater tobacco addiction in Slavs than in Asians. A decrease in semen parameters and seminal zinc levels, and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoospermia was observed only in smoking Slavs (p<0.05); moderate decrease in testosterone and increase in triglyceride levels were revealed in smoking Yakuts (p<0.05), but no significant changes were detected in smoking Buryats. Conclusion We concluded that cigarette smoking has an ethno-specific effect on male reproductive function, probably due to the different activity of the seminal antioxidant system, which is yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Osadchuk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Kleshchev
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Osadchuk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Henriques MC, Santiago J, Patrício A, Herdeiro MT, Loureiro S, Fardilha M. Smoking Induces a Decline in Semen Quality and the Activation of Stress Response Pathways in Sperm. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1828. [PMID: 37891907 PMCID: PMC10604710 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a prevalent concern affecting couples worldwide. While genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, and reproductive system defects play significant roles, emerging evidence suggests that lifestyle choices also profoundly impact male fertility. This study aimed to explore the effects of several lifestyle factors, including tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity, and dietary habits, on semen quality parameters and molecular biomarkers. Thirty healthy male volunteers were recruited in the Urology service at Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Aveiro, Portugal. Participants completed lifestyle questionnaires and provided semen samples, which were analyzed according to the World Health Organization criteria by experienced technicians. We also analyzed the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and heat-shock response-related proteins to explore the activation of signaling pathways involved in stress response within sperm cells. Our results revealed that tobacco consumption reduced semen volume and total sperm count. Although the changes in the percentage of total motility and normal morphology in the smokers' group did not reach statistical significance, a slight decrease was observed. Moreover, we identified for the first time a significant association between tobacco consumption and increased levels of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and phosphorylated HSP27 (p-HSP27) in sperm cells, indicating the potential detrimental effects of tobacco on the reproductive system. This study highlights that lifestyle factors reduce semen quality, possibly by inducing stress in sperm, raising awareness about the effects of these risk factors among populations at risk of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Carvalho Henriques
- iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.C.H.)
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Santiago
- iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.C.H.)
| | - António Patrício
- Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, EPE, 3810-096 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.C.H.)
| | - Susana Loureiro
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.C.H.)
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Lv MQ, Wang HX, Yang YQ, Sun RF, Ge P, Zhang J, Zhao WB, Han SP, Zhou DX. Semen Quality Following Long-term Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde in China. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2230359. [PMID: 36069982 PMCID: PMC9453542 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.30359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The potential effects of long-term occupational exposure to formaldehyde (FA) on human semen quality is not clear. OBJECTIVE To assess whether long-term occupational exposure to FA is associated with semen quality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cohort study was conducted from June 1 to June 30, 2021, in Xi'an, China. Participants were adults aged 23 to 40 years who had lived in the study area for 24 months or longer. Data analysis was performed from September 1 to October 1, 2021. EXPOSURES Long-term occupational exposure to FA was measured using a formaldehyde detector, and the FA exposure index (FEI) was calculated as follows: FEI = final concentration of FA (mg/m3) × work time during a workday (hour) × cumulative workdays (year). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Semen samples were collected by masturbation after 3 to 7 days of abstinence and were then assessed by the computer-automated semen analysis system, Baso-Papanicolaou staining, and sperm-chromatin structure assay. RESULTS A total of 205 men (mean [SD] age, 29.49 [3.64] years), with 124 individuals in the FA exposure group (mean [SD] FEI, 73.72 [54.86]) and 81 age-matched controls, were included in the final analysis. Long-term personal occupational exposure to FA was significantly associated with poor semen quality. Specifically, a 1-unit increase in FEI was associated with a change of -0.99% (95% CI, -1.00% to -0.98%) in total sperm motility, -0.99% (95% CI, -0.99% to -0.97%) in progressive sperm motility, -0.05% (95% CI, -0.08% to -0.02%) in curvilinear velocity, -0.07% (95% CI, -0.10% to -0.04%) in straight line velocity, -0.07% (95% CI, -0.10% to -0.04%) in time-average velocity, -0.98% (95% CI, -0.99% to -0.93%) in normal sperm morphology, -0.24% (95% CI, -0.35% to -0.11%) in seminal neutral glucosidase, -0.61% (95% CI, -0.66% to -0.56%) in seminal plasma zinc, 0.52% (95% CI, 0.15% to 1.02%) in beat cross frequency, and 0.10% (95% CI, 0.06% to 0.14%) in the DNA fragmentation index. These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. Furthermore, subgroup analysis found that high levels of oxidative stress might promote the associations between FA exposure and semen quality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found an association between long-term occupational exposure to FA and semen quality. This deterioration was dose and time dependent and might be induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-qi Lv
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Hai-xu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan-qi Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui-fang Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Pan Ge
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen-bao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Shui-ping Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Dang-xia Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
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Sperm concentration and semen volume increase after smoking cessation in infertile men. Int J Impot Res 2022; 34:614-619. [PMID: 35963898 PMCID: PMC9375087 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Smoking has negative reproductive consequences. This study investigated the effect of smoking cessation on the main semen parameters. We included 90 participants who applied to our infertility clinic and smoked at least 20 cigarettes a day for at least 1 year. Of the 90 participants, 48 were in the study group and 42 were in the control group. Semen analysis was performed before and at least 3 months after quitting smoking in the study group. Semen analysis was repeated at baseline and at least 3 months later in the control group. Semen parameters such as volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, morphology, and motility were evaluated according to the World Health Organization criteria. Patient characteristics as well as the duration of the smoking period, the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the time elapsed since smoking cessation were recorded. The mean age of the participants was 34.69 ± 5.3 years, and the duration of infertility was 34.12 ± 12.1 months (n = 90). The number of cigarettes smoked per day was 30.14 ± 6.69, and the smoking time was 8.31 ± 3.53 years. The average time to quit smoking was 104.2 ± 11.51 days (n = 48). A significant increase in semen volume, sperm concentration and total sperm count was observed 3 months after smoking cessation (2.48 ± 0.79 ml vs. 2.90 ± 0.77 ml, p = 0.002; 18.45 × 106/ml ± 8.56 vs. 22.64 × 106/ml ± 11.69, p = 0.001; 45.04 ± 24.38 × 106 vs. 65.1 ± 34.9 × 106, p < 0.001, respectively). This study showed that smoking cessation had a positive effect on sperm concentration, semen volume, and total sperm count. Although smoking cessation contributed positively to sperm motility and morphology, the difference was not statistically significant.
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Hærvig KK, Petersen KU, Giwercman A, Hougaard KS, Høyer BB, Lindh C, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Nybo Andersen AM, Toft G, Bonde JP, Tøttenborg SS. Fetal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking and male reproductive function in young adulthood. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:525-538. [PMID: 35476275 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-022-00869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy constitutes a potential, major risk factor for adult male reproductive function. In the hitherto largest longitudinal cohort, we examined biomarkers of reproductive function according to maternal smoking during the first trimester and investigated whether associations were mitigated by smoking cessation prior to the fetal masculinization programming window. Associations between exposure to maternal smoking and semen characteristics, testicular volume and reproductive hormones were assessed among 984 young men from the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality (FEPOS) cohort. Maternal smoking was assessed through interview data and measured plasma cotinine levels during pregnancy. We applied negative binomial, logistic and linear regression models to estimate differences in outcomes according to levels of maternal smoking. Sons of light smokers (≤ 10 cigarettes/day) had a 19% (95% CI - 29%, - 6%) lower sperm concentration and a 24% (95% CI - 35%, - 11%) lower total sperm count than sons of non-smokers. These estimates were 38% (95% CI - 52%, - 22%) and 33% (95% CI - 51%, - 8%), respectively, for sons of heavy smokers (> 10 cigarettes/day). The latter group also had a 25% (95% CI 1%, 54%) higher follitropin level. Similarly, sons exposed to maternal cotinine levels of > 10 ng/mL had lower sperm concentration and total sperm count. Smoking cessation prior to gestational week seven was not associated with a higher reproductive capacity. We observed substantial and consistent exposure-response associations, providing strong support for the hypothesis that maternal smoking impairs male reproductive function. This association persisted regardless of smoking cessation in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Keglberg Hærvig
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23F, entrance 20F, 1st floor, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
| | - Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin Sørig Hougaard
- Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgit Bjerre Høyer
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Regional Development, Region of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
- Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Toft
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Boursier A, Dumont A, Boitrelle F, Prasivoravong J, Lefebvre-Khalil V, Robin G, Barbotin AL. Necrozoospermia: The tree that hides the forest. Andrology 2022; 10:642-659. [PMID: 35246969 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necrozoospermia is a condition found in 0.2 to 0.4 % of male infertility cases. The causes of necrozoospermia are multiple: they can be related to testicular and/or post-testicular damage. Additionally, these causes most often involve the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) which can reduce the chances of spontaneous pregnancy or affect the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies. OBJECTIVE To focus on potential etiologies of necrozoospermia, its diagnosis and its therapeutic management especially before the employment of ICSI. METHODS Authors searched PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google and Institutional websites for medical subheading terms and free text words referred to "necrozoospermia", "sperm vitality", "sperm viability", "sperm DNA fragmentation" and "ICSI". RESULTS We identified twelve main etiologies of necrozoospermia responsible for either a decrease of sperm vitality, a mild a moderate or a severe necrozoospermia. In case of a confirmed decreased vitality, a thorough check-up should be conducted and if available, etiological treatment should be proposed. Therapeutic management could also include repeated ejaculations, drug treatments, the use of ICSI with ejaculated or surgically extracted spermatozoa in case of a non-treatable necrozoospermia. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The potential causes of necrozoospermia should be investigated because many of them could be corrected, thus avoiding the use of ICSI. Moreover, if ICSI procedure remains necessary, the therapeutic management of necrozoospermia could also improve the chances of success by reducing oxidative stress and/or sperm DNA fragmentation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angele Boursier
- Institut de Biologie de La Reproduction-Spermiologie-CECOS, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - A Dumont
- Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de La Reproduction, Assistance Médicale à La Procréation et Préservation de La Fertilité, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Avenue Eugène Avinée, CHU Lille, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - F Boitrelle
- Service de Biologie de la Reproduction et de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, 78303, France
| | | | - V Lefebvre-Khalil
- Institut de Biologie de La Reproduction-Spermiologie-CECOS, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Geoffroy Robin
- Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de La Reproduction, Assistance Médicale à La Procréation et Préservation de La Fertilité, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Avenue Eugène Avinée, CHU Lille, Lille, F-59000, France.,Service d'Andrologie, Hôpital Huriez, CHU Lille, Lille, F-59000, France.,EA 4308 Gamètogenèse Et Qualité du Gamète, Université de Lille Et CHU de Lille, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Anne-Laure Barbotin
- Institut de Biologie de La Reproduction-Spermiologie-CECOS, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille, F-59000, France.,EA 4308 Gamètogenèse Et Qualité du Gamète, Université de Lille Et CHU de Lille, Lille, F-59000, France
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Demirkol MK, Yıldırım A, Gıca Ş, Doğan NT, Resim S. Evaluation of the effect of shift working and sleep quality on semen parameters in men attending infertility clinic. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14116. [PMID: 33978248 DOI: 10.1111/and.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of shift work on semen parameters together with the effect of sleep quality in men attending infertility clinic. The participants were divided into two groups as follows: 104 shift worker men (Group 1) and 116 nonshift worker men (Group 2). Groups were compared in terms of semen parameters, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. A higher rate of oligozoospermia and poor sleep quality and a lower mean normal morphology percentage was observed in shift workers than nonshift workers (p = .006, .039 and .036 respectively). In addition, a positive correlation was seen between sleep duration and sperm concentration, while a negative correlation was found between sleep latency and total sperm count. Shift working together with high PSQI score was also a significant association with oligozoospermia when controlling for the other variables of age, total testosterone, DASS-21 stress score, smoking and varicocele (OR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.03-4.34 and OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.39 respectively). In this study, infertile shift workers had a lower percentage of normal morphology and higher rates of oligozoospermia and poor sleep quality. Considering that shift workers have lower sleep quality, it seems that shift working negatively affects the circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kutlu Demirkol
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Yıldırım
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Şakir Gıca
- Department of Psychiatry, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Temiz Doğan
- Andrology Laboratory, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Sefa Resim
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Rosa-Villagrán L, Barrera N, Montes J, Riso C, Sapiro R. Decline of semen quality over the last 30 years in Uruguay. Basic Clin Androl 2021; 31:8. [PMID: 33952196 PMCID: PMC8101031 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-021-00128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last years, there has been an increasing concern about a global decline in men's fertility. Specifically, some evidence indicates that sperm quality has decreased over the last years. However, reports showing the changes in sperm quality with time are inconsistent. Part of the contradictions between studies is attributed to geographical differences. Surprisingly, few studies include data from South American countries, creating a bias in the conclusions. This study aims to determine how sperm quality has evolved over the past 30 years in Uruguay. For this purpose, 317 medical records from allegedly healthy sperm donor candidates, aged between 18 and 36 years old, who voluntarily requested to be considered as sperm donors between 1988 and 2019, were analyzed. The studied variables were the following sperm parameters: semen volume, sperm cell concentration, total sperm number, progressive motility, vitality, and sperm morphology. A correlative statistical analysis was performed between seminal parameter values and the year data were collected. RESULTS We found a statistically significant decrease in sperm concentration and normal sperm morphology during the studied period. There was no decrease in vitality, seminal volume, and total progressive motility. Semen parameters were not associated with tobacco, drugs, or alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the sperm quality of donor candidates in Uruguay decreased during this period. Further studies should be carried out to verify the occurrence of this phenomenon in the general population and find its possible causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Rosa-Villagrán
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalibeth Barrera
- Laboratorio de Andrología, Fertilab Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Laboratorio de FIV, Centro de Esterilidad Montevideo (CEM), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - José Montes
- Laboratorio de Andrología, Fertilab Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Riso
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rossana Sapiro
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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