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Ni L, Wang J, Fang Y, Zhu C, Wizi J, Jiang Z, Du C, Li S, Chen X, Xu J, Su H. An innovative strategy to control Microcystis growth using tea polyphenols sustained-release particles: preparation, characterization, and inhibition mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:43113-43125. [PMID: 36648729 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Allelochemicals have been shown to inhibit cyanobacterial blooms for several years. In view of the disadvantages of "direct-added" mode, natural and pollution-free tea polyphenolic allelochemicals with good inhibitory effect on cyanobacteria were selected to prepare sustained-release particles by microcapsule technology. Results showed that the encapsulation efficiency of tea polyphenols sustained-release particles (TPSPs) was 50.6% and the particle size ranged from 700 to 970 nm, which reached the nanoscale under optimum preparation condition. Physical and chemical properties of TPSPs were characterized to prove that tea polyphenols were well encapsulated and the particles had good thermal stability. The optimal dosage of TPSPs was determined to be 0.3 g/L, at which the inhibition rate on Microcystis aeruginosa in logarithmic growth period could be maintained above 95%. Simultaneous decrease in algal density and chlorophyll-a content indicated that the photosynthesis of algal cells was affected leading to cell death. Significant changes of antioxidant enzyme activities suggested that Microcystis aeruginosa's antioxidant systems had been disrupted. Furthermore, TPSPs increased the concentration of O2- which led to lipid peroxidation of cell membrane and a subsequent increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Meanwhile, the protein content, nucleic acid content, and electrical conductivity in culture medium rose significantly indicating the cell membrane was irreversibly damaged. This work can provide a basis for the utilization of environmentally friendly algal suppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yuanyi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chengjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jakpa Wizi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zhiyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- College of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China.
| | - Xuqing Chen
- River and Lake Governance and Water Resources Management Center, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Xu
- River and Lake Governance and Water Resources Management Center, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Su
- River and Lake Governance and Water Resources Management Center, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu, China
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Allelopathic inhibition effects and mechanism of phenolic acids to Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45388-45397. [PMID: 36705822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Allelochemicals are essential agents for the biological control of harmful blooms. It is crucial to identify efficient algal suppressors and understand their mechanisms. This study reports the inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa growth by 6 phenolic acids derived from plants' secondary metabolites. The inhibitory effect of phenolic acids was significantly influenced by exposure dose and phenolic acid species. Caffeic acid has the most efficient algal inhibition ability (96 h-EC50 of 5.8 mg/L). In contrast, the other 5 analogs (cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, 3-hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and isoferulic acid) showed a weak inhibition effect or promotion effect with the exposure dose of 5-100 mg/L. ROS and chlorophyll a content tests combined with metabolomics analysis revealed that caffeic acid could induce the ROS accumulation of M. aeruginosa. They mainly disturbed nucleotide, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism, leading to the downregulation of most metabolites, including toxins of microcystin LR and cyanopeptolin A, and the precursors of some unpleasant terpenoids. It has been suggested that caffeic acid is an effective agent for controlling M. aeruginosa blooms.
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