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Tong Y, Lu P, Zhang W, Liu J, Wang Y, Quan L, Ding A. The shock of benzalkonium chloride on aerobic granular sludge system and its microbiological mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165010. [PMID: 37353018 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are a kind of biocides and surfactants widely used around the world and wastewater treatment systems were identified as its largest pool. QACs could significantly inhibit microbial activity in biological treatment. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is an emerging wastewater biological treatment technology with high efficiency and resistance, but it is still unclear if AGS system could tolerate QACs shock. In this study, a typical QAC (benzalkonium chloride (BACC12)) was selected to investigate its effect on AGS system. Results indicate that BAC could inhibit the pollutants removal performance of AGS system, including COD, NH4+-N and PO43- in the short term and the inhibition ratio had positive correlation with BAC concentration. However, AGS system could gradually adapt to the BAC stress and recover its original performance. BAC shock could destroy AGS structure by decreasing its particle size and finally leading to particle disintegration. Although AGS could secret more EPS to resist the stress, BAC still had significant inhibition on cell activity. Microbial community analysis illustrated that after high BAC concentration shock in short term, Thauera decreased significantly while Flavobacterium became the dominant genus. However, after the performance of AGS system recovered the dominant genus returned to Thauera and relevant denitrifiers Phaeodactylibacter, Nitrosomonas and Pseudofulvimonas also increased. The typical phosphorous removal microorganism Rubrivivax and Leadbetterella also showed the similar trend. The variation of denitrification and phosphorus removal microbial community was consistent with AGS system performance indicating the change of functional microorganism played key role in the AGS response to BAC stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Peili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Water Service Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400020, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yuhai Wang
- Sinopec Chongqing Shale Gas Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 408400, China
| | - Lin Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Aqiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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Wan C, Fu L, Li Z, Liu X, Lin L, Wu C. Formation, application, and storage-reactivation of aerobic granular sludge: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 323:116302. [PMID: 36150350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It was an important discovery in wastewater treatment that the microorganisms in the traditional activated sludge can form aerobic granular sludge (AGS) by self-aggregation under appropriate water quality and operation conditions. With a typical three-dimensional spherical structure, AGS has high sludge-water separation efficiency, great treatment capacity, and strong tolerance to toxic and harmful substances, so it has been considered to be one of the most promising wastewater treatment technologies. This paper comprehensively reviewed AGS from multiple perspectives over the past two decades, including the culture conditions, granulation mechanisms, metabolic and structural stability, storage, and its diverse applications. Some important issues, such as the reproducibility of culture conditions and the structural and functional stability during application and storage, were also summarized, and the research prospects were put forward. The aggregation behavior of microorganisms in AGS was explained from the perspectives of physiology and ecology of complex populations. The storage of AGS is considered to have large commercial potential value with the increase of large-scale applications. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the systematic and in-depth study on the sludge aerobic granulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liya Fu
- Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhengwen Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Research Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Khleifat K, Magharbeh M, Alqaraleh M, Al-Sarayrah M, Alfarrayeh I, Al Qaisi Y, Alsarayreh A, Al-kafaween MA. Biodegradation modeling of phenol using Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens as plant-growth-promoting bacteria. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10490. [PMID: 36110244 PMCID: PMC9469665 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol is a major worry pollutant resulting from industrialized manufacturing and chemical reactions. The growth kinetics and biodegradation of phenol were initially investigated using C. flaccumfaciens, a recently identified plant growth stimulating bacterium. Based on the Haldane inhibition model, Haldane's growth kinetics inhibition coefficient (Ki), half-saturation coefficient (Ks), and the maximum specific growth rate (max) for phenol-dependent growth kinetics were estimated to be 329 (mg/L), 9.14 (mg/L), and 1.05 (h−1), respectively. With a sum of squared error (SSR) of 1.36 × 10−3, the Haldane equation is well adapted to empirical data. The improved Gombertz model also accurately predicts phenol biodegradation trends. The rate of phenol biodegradation and the lag time both increased as the initial phenol concentrations were increased. C. flaccumfaciens growth and phenol biodegradation were best achieved at a pH of 7.0 at a temperature of 28 °C incubation. A phenol biodegradation mechanism by C. flaccumfaciens has been proposed. In conclusion, this study revealed the ability of C. flaccumfaciens to promote plant growth and biodegrade phenol simultaneously. This could aid in rhizoremediation and crop yield preservation in phenol-stressed conditions.
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Li M, Wei D, Zhang Z, Fan D, Du B, Zeng H, Li D, Zhang J. Enhancing 2,6-dichlorophenol degradation and nitrate removal in the nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) solid-phase denitrification system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132249. [PMID: 34555584 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI), as a typical nano-material, has been recently used in wastewater treatment and combination with bioreactors. Using nZVI coupled denitrification system research the effect and influence of nZVI enhanced denitrification sludge on the degradation of toxic compounds and system performance. The nZVI coupled denitrification system showed better resistance to 2,6-DCP impact, and the concentrations of effluent NO2- and NO3- were below 2.0 mg/L. At the same time, the addition of nZVI enabled the denitrification system to quickly adapt to the toxic environment of 2,6-DCP within 15 days, and the degradation efficiency of 2,6-DCP reached 99.9%. The released SMP reduced after nZVI coupled with denitrification sludge in 2,6-DCP environment, which could improve the effluent water quality. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that the addition of nZVI would change the structure of EPS in denitrification sludge. After 90 days of operation, the dominant bacteria in the denitrifying sludge have undergone great changes. Moreover, Thauera was responsible as the dominant bacteria for degrading 2,6-DCP in the denitrification system. The increased in the proportion of functional bacteria with nitrate_reduction, nitrogen_respiration, nitrate_respiration and nitrite_respiration in the presence of NZVI further reveals the mechanism of enhanced denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrun Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China; School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China; Anhui Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Joint Stock Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230088, PR China.
| | - Zhaoran Zhang
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, 250102, PR China
| | - Dawei Fan
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Al-Tarawneh A, Khleifat KM, Tarawneh IN, Shiyyab K, El-Hasan T, Sprocati AR, Alisi C, Tasso F, Alqaraleh M. Phenol biodegradation by plant growth promoting bacterium, S. odorifera: kinetic modeling and process optimization. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:104. [PMID: 34967929 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the main organic pollutants that could result from industrial products and chemical transformations is phenol. In the current study, the kinetics of Serratia odorifera, which was isolated from arable soil, was studied by growing it on broth minimal medium spiked with phenol as only carbon source and energy. The newly isolated plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB), S. odorifera, was used for the first time for phenol biodegradation. The growth kinetics parameters (phenol-dependent) including maximum specific growth rate (μmax), half-saturation coefficient (Ks), and the Haldane's growth kinetics inhibition coefficient (Ki), were tested via Haldane inhibition model and resulted on the 0.469 (h -1), 26.6 (mgL-1), and 292 (mgL-1), respectively. The sum of squared error (SSR) of 4.89 × 10-3 was fitted to the experimental data by Haldane equation. The results of phenol biodegradation were fitted into the modified Gombertz model. The increase of phenol concentrations led to increases in both the rate of phenol biodegradation and lagging time. The optimal phenol biodegradation and bacterial growth obtained by S. odorifera, were at 28 °C incubation temperature and a pH of 7.0. The pathway of phenol biodegradation by S. odorifera was proposed in the current study to provide a new insight into synchronization of phenol biodegradation and plant growth-promoting bacteria. This may play an important role in remediation of phenol-contaminated soil besides promoting the plant growth, thus lessening the plant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Al-Tarawneh
- Prince Faisal Center for Dead Sea, Environmental and Energy Research, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Khaled M Khleifat
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mutah University, Al-Karak, 61710, Jordan.
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan.
| | - Ibrahim N Tarawneh
- Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, 19117, Jordan
| | - Kholoud Shiyyab
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mutah University, Al-Karak, 61710, Jordan
| | - Tayel El-Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Anna Rosa Sprocati
- Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Alisi
- Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Tasso
- Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Moath Alqaraleh
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
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Duque AF, Bessa VS, van Dongen U, de Kreuk MK, Mesquita RBR, Rangel AOSS, van Loosdrecht MCM, Castro PML. Simultaneous nitrification and phosphate removal by bioaugmented aerobic granules treating a fluoroorganic compound. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:2404-2413. [PMID: 34032618 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of toxic compounds in wastewater can cause problems for organic matter and nutrient removal. In this study, the long-term effect of a model xenobiotic, 2-fluorophenol (2-FP), on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and phosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) in aerobic granular sludge was investigated. Phosphate (P) and ammonium (N) removal efficiencies were high (>93%) and, after bioaugmentation with 2-FP degrading strain FP1, 2-FP was completely degraded. Neither N nor P removal were affected by 50 mg L-1 of 2-FP in the feed stream. Changes in the aerobic granule bacterial communities were followed. Numerical analysis of the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles showed low diversity for the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene with an even distribution of species. PAOs, including denitrifying PAO (dPAO), and AOB were present in the 2-FP degrading granules, although dPAO population decreased throughout the 444 days reactor operation. The results demonstrated that the aerobic granules bioaugmented with FP1 strain successfully removed N, P and 2-FP simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk F Duque
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal E-mail: ; † Present address: UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Vânia S Bessa
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal E-mail:
| | - Udo van Dongen
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Merle K de Kreuk
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Raquel B R Mesquita
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal E-mail:
| | - António O S S Rangel
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal E-mail:
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal E-mail:
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Zheng Z, Li J, Wang C. Rapid cultivation of the aerobic granules for simultaneous phenol degradation and ammonium oxidation in a sequencing batch reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124414. [PMID: 33493744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid cultivation strategy of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for simultaneous phenol degradation and ammonium oxidation was studied in a sequence batch reactor (SBR). The short-term inhibitory kinetics of phenol was studied through batch experiments. For the sodium acetate fed AGS, the phenol inhibition constants (Ki) of specific oxygen utilization rate by heterotrophic bacteria (SOURh) was 508.6 mg/L. The Ki of specific ammonium utilization rate (SAUR) was 232.3 mg/L. After 28 days' acclimatization, the phenol and NH4+-N removal rates of the SBR reached 94.0% and 96.4% when the influent phenol and NH4+-N concentrations were 1000 and 33.5 mg/L, respectively. The phenol removal loading rate was 1.69 kg/(m3·d). For the mature phenol&ammonium degrading AGS, the polysaccharide (PS) and protein (PN) concentrations were 247.4 ± 10.3 and 68.6 ± 6.5 mg/g VSS, respectively. The functional groups analysis showed that the amount of OH, NH, CO and CC groups remained unchanged in the mature phenol&ammonium degrading AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Changwen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Xu L, Deng X, Ying J, Zhou G, Shi Y. Silicate fertilizer application reduces soil greenhouse gas emissions in a Moso bamboo forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141380. [PMID: 32795802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silicate fertilizer application in croplands is effective in mitigating soil methane (CH4) emissions and increasing rice yield. However, the effects of silicate fertilizer on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Moso bamboo forests, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of silicate fertilizer rates (0 (CK), 0.225 and 1.125 Mg ha-1) on soil GHG emissions in a Moso bamboo forest. The results showed that silicate fertilizer application significantly reduced soil CO2 and N2O emissions, and increased soil CH4 uptakes. Compared to the CK treatments, the cumulative soil CO2 emission fluxes decreased by 29.6% and 32.5%, and the cumulative soil N2O emission fluxes decrease by 41.9% and 48.3%, the CH4 uptake fluxes increased by 13.5% and 32.4% in the 0.225 and 1.125 Mg ha-1 treatments, respectively. The soil GHG emissions were significantly positively related to soil temperature (P < 0.05), but negatively related to soil moisture; however, this relationship was not observed between CH4 uptake fluxes and moisture in CK treatment. Soil CO2 emission and CH4 uptake were significantly positively related with water-soluble organic C (WSOC) and microbial biomass C (MBC) concentrations in all treatments (P < 0.05). Soil N2O emissions were significantly positively related to MBC, NH4+-N, NO3--N, and microbial biomass N (MBN) concentrations in all treatments (P < 0.05), but not with WSOC concentration. Structural equation modeling showed that application of silicate fertilizer directly reduced soil GHG emission by decreasing the labile C and N pools, and indirectly by influencing the soil physicochemical properties. Our findings suggest that silicate fertilizer can be an effective tool in combatting climate change by reducing soil GHG emissions in Moso bamboo forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayang Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China.
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Tomar SK, Chakraborty S. Impact of high phenol loading on aerobic granules from two different kinds of industrial sludge along with thiocyanate and ammonium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123824. [PMID: 32688255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two sequencing batch reactors inoculated with two different kinds of industrial sludge; refinery sludge (R1) and brewery sludge (R2), were operated to observe the impact of high phenol loading (5.71 kg COD m-3 day-1) along with 100 mg L-1 of ammonia-nitrogen and thiocyanate on the granular stability and performance. R2 granules were stable and degraded all the pollutants up to an organic loading of 5.71 kg COD m-3 day-1 with the large size and high extracellular polymeric substances of 2769.94 ± 62.26 µm and 114.83 ± 1.33 mg gVSS-1, respectively, whereas R1 granules disintegrated at an organic loading of more than 3.32 kg COD m-3 day-1. At higher phenol loading, granular biomass activity was 3.43 and 16.35 mg COD removed mgVSS-1 day-1 in R1 and R2, respectively, from the initial sludge activities of 8.01 (refinery sludge) and 6.56 (brewery sludge) mg COD removed mgVSS-1 day-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar Tomar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Saswati Chakraborty
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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Impact of additive application on the establishment of fast and stable aerobic granulation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:5697-5709. [PMID: 32415318 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10657-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a microbial biofilm self-aggregation, which is effective for nutrient and pollutant removal, through the development of dense microbial layers bound together with extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). However, long start-up times and granule disintegration are still challenges ahead. An array of external additives, including ion chelating agents, sludge-based enhancers, and magnetic influence have been tested to overcome these barriers. The application of such additives may promote enhanced EPS production, neutralization of charges on the bacterial surface, acts as a core-induced agent, or as a bridge to connect EPSs and cell surfaces. Although additives may improve the granule formation without reducing treatment efficiencies, there are still environmental concerns due to the fate and toxicity of discharged excess sludge. This mini-review identifies an array of external additives and their mechanisms to improve granulation properties, and proposes discussion about the technical and economic viability of these additives. KEY POINTS: • Additives reduce granulation time and repair granule disintegration. • Biopolymer-based additives fulfill technical and environmental requirements. • Sludge-based additives are cheap and in line with the resource recovery concept. • The need for environmental-friendly additives for aerobic granular sludge process. • External additives affect granular biomass size distribution.
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11
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Wu X, Li H, Lei L, Ren J, Li W, Liu Y. Tolerance to short-term saline shocks by aerobic granular sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125370. [PMID: 31759216 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In industrial wastewaters, rapid shifts of salinity leading to transient shocks caused damages on biological treatments. Aerobic granular sludge is a promising technology that showed its greater resistance to adverse conditions. However, the impact of short-term saline shocks on the performance of aerobic granular sludge process was not studied sufficiently. This study investigated salt-tolerance ability of aerobic granular sludge from aspects of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and sludge concentration under different saline shocks that shock concentration ranged from 0 to 60 gNaCl/L and shock duration was set at 6 h. The results showed that no obvious change of sludge concentration after all saline shocks. Moreover, COD removal efficiencies could revert to 90.7% and 87.5% that was near to the previous level (90.9%) in short-term recovery after 20 g/L and 40 g/L saline shocks. However, stable COD removal efficiency (73.8%) could not recover to the previous level (90.9%) after 60 g/L saline shock. These results suggest aerobic granular sludge has an excellent ability to withstand up to 40 g/L saline shock. The corresponding salt-tolerance reasons could be explained from three aspects. After 40 g/L saline shock, the specific oxygen uptake rate of aerobic granular sludge could recover to ensure biological activity. Aerobic granular sludge with the integrity coefficients of 87.6% maintained compact structure. In addition, aerobic granular sludge with relative small DNA leakage of 177.2% has advantages to diminish damage on cell structure. These results provide further insight into the application of aerobic granular sludge for saline-shock wastewater treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Jiongqiu Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Yongdi Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
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Tiwari S, Iorhemen O, Tay J. Semi-continuous treatment of naphthenic acids using aerobic granular sludge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Zheng G, Su K, Zhang S, Wang Y, Wang W. Three-dimensional multi-species mathematical model of the aerobic granulation process based on cellular automata theory. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:2761-2771. [PMID: 30065128 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge is a kind of microbial polymer formed by self-immobilization under aerobic conditions. It has been widely studied because of its promising application in wastewater treatment. However, the granulation process of aerobic sludge is still a key factor affecting its practical application. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) multi-species mathematical model of aerobic granular sludge was constructed using the cellular automata (CA) theory. The growth process of aerobic granular sludge and its spatial distribution of microorganisms were studied under different conditions. The simulation results show that the aerobic granules were smaller under high shear stress and that the autotrophic bacterial content of the granular sludge interior was higher. However, the higher the dissolved oxygen concentration, the larger the size of granular sludge and the higher the content of autotrophic bacteria in the interior of the granular sludge. In addition, inhibition of toxic substances made the aerobic granule size increase more slowly, and the spatial distribution of the autotrophic bacteria and the toxic-substance-degrading bacteria were mainly located in the outer layer, with the heterotrophic bacteria mainly existing in the interior of the granular sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zheng
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China E-mail:
| | - Kuizu Su
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China E-mail:
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China E-mail:
| | - Yulan Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China E-mail:
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
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Hoseinzadeh E, Rezaee A, Farzadkia M. Low frequency-low voltage alternating electric current-induced anoxic granulation in biofilm-electrode reactor: A study of granule properties. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Gao M, Diao MH, Yuan S, Wang YK, Xu H, Wang XH. Effects of phenol on physicochemical properties and treatment performances of partial nitrifying granules in sequencing batch reactors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 13:13-18. [PMID: 28352557 PMCID: PMC5361127 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phenol caused deterioration of physicochemical properties of PNGs. Phenol stimulated filamentous overgrowth and EPS secretion of PNGs. PNGs got easier to agglomerate and then been washout out after phenol exposure. Phenol induced revival of NOB and failure of partial nitrification.
This study attempts to investigate the effect of phenol on physicochemical properties and treatment performances of partial nitrifying granules (PNGs). Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) fed with synthetic ammonium wastewaters were operated in absence (R1) or presence (R2) of phenol. The PNGs in R1 maintained excellent partial nitrification performance and relatively stable physicochemical properties, and exhibited compact and regular shaped structure with a cocci-dominant surface. However, as phenol concentration was stepwise increased from 0 to 300 mg/L in R2, filamentous bacteria appeared and gradually dominated within granules, which in turn resulted in settleability deterioration. Most notably, granules in R2 got easier to agglomerate in the reactor walls and then been washed out with effluent, leading to significant biomass loss, frequent outflow pipe blockage, and eventual system failure. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) contents including proteins and polysaccharides in R2 reached 1.8 and 1.7 times of that in R1, respectively, indicating that the presence of phenol played an important role on EPS production. Removal efficiency of ammonium and phenol remained high, but dropped sharply when phenol concentration reached 300 mg/L. Moreover, the failed maintenance of partial nitrification was observed due to the revival of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) within granules after phenol exposure, which was confirmed by quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Overall this study demonstrates that phenol had negative effects on PNGs, and pretreatment to eliminate phenolic substances is recommended when using PNGs for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Mu-He Diao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shasha Yuan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yun-Kun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Shan X, Liu X, Hao J, Cai C, Fan F, Dun Y, Zhao X, Liu X, Li C, Yu G. In vitro and in vivo hypoglycemic effects of brown algal fucoidans. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:249-55. [PMID: 26601762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of α-glucosidase is an effective therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus that involves decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia. In the present study, the α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects of 11 fucoidans extracted from different brown seaweeds were evaluated. Although no significant α-amylase inhibition was observed, fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus (FvF) showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 67.9 μg/mL. In addition, FvF at a concentration of 200 μg/mL displayed very mild cytotoxicity to IEC-6 cells as indicated by the MTT assay. An in vivo study indicated that FvF decreased the fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of db/db mice, with minimal effect on their weight. Therefore, our present in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that FvF could be a promising α-glucosidase inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Shan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiejie Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yunlou Dun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd., Qingdao 266003, China.
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17
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Rate limiting factors in trichloroethylene co-metabolic degradation by phenol-grown aerobic granules. Biodegradation 2013; 25:227-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-013-9655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Khan MZ, Mondal PK, Sabir S. Aerobic granulation for wastewater bioremediation: A review. CAN J CHEM ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.21729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Liu L, Sheng GP, Li WW, Tong ZH, Zeng RJ, Liu JX, Xie J, Peng SC, Yu HQ. Cultivation of aerobic granular sludge with a mixed wastewater rich in toxic organics. Biochem Eng J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Bassin JP, Pronk M, Muyzer G, Kleerebezem R, Dezotti M, van Loosdrecht MCM. Effect of elevated salt concentrations on the aerobic granular sludge process: linking microbial activity with microbial community structure. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:7942-53. [PMID: 21926194 PMCID: PMC3208997 DOI: 10.1128/aem.05016-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The long- and short-term effects of salt on biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes were studied in an aerobic granular sludge reactor. The microbial community structure was investigated by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) on 16S rRNA and amoA genes. PCR products obtained from genomic DNA and from rRNA after reverse transcription were compared to determine the presence of bacteria as well as the metabolically active fraction of bacteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to validate the PCR-based results and to quantify the dominant bacterial populations. The results demonstrated that ammonium removal efficiency was not affected by salt concentrations up to 33 g/liter NaCl. Conversely, a high accumulation of nitrite was observed above 22 g/liter NaCl, which coincided with the disappearance of Nitrospira sp. Phosphorus removal was severely affected by gradual salt increase. No P release or uptake was observed at steady-state operation at 33 g/liter NaCl, exactly when the polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), "Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis" bacteria, were no longer detected by PCR-DGGE or FISH. Batch experiments confirmed that P removal still could occur at 30 g/liter NaCl, but the long exposure of the biomass to this salinity level was detrimental for PAOs, which were outcompeted by glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) in the bioreactor. GAOs became the dominant microorganisms at increasing salt concentrations, especially at 33 g/liter NaCl. In the comparative analysis of the diversity (DNA-derived pattern) and the activity (cDNA-derived pattern) of the microbial population, the highly metabolically active microorganisms were observed to be those related to ammonia (Nitrosomonas sp.) and phosphate removal ("Candidatus Accumulibacter").
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Affiliation(s)
- J. P. Bassin
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, COPPE–Chemical Engineering Program, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M. Pronk
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - G. Muyzer
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R. Kleerebezem
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - M. Dezotti
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, COPPE–Chemical Engineering Program, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bioremediation of wastewaters with recalcitrant organic compounds and metals by aerobic granules. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 29:111-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Basile LA, Erijman L. Maintenance of phenol hydroxylase genotypes at high diversity in bioreactors exposed to step increases in phenol loading. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 73:336-48. [PMID: 20500527 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00898.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand how the composition of bacterial communities changes in response to different environmental conditions, we examined the influence of increasing phenol load on the distribution of the protein-coding functional gene of the largest subunit of phenol hydroxylase (LmPH) and of the 16S rRNA gene in lab-scale activated sludge reactors. LmPH diversity was assessed initially from a total of 124 clone sequences retrieved from two reactors exposed to a low (0.25 g L(-1)) and a high (2.5 g L(-1)) phenol concentration. The quantitative changes in the concentration of the eight detected genotypes accompanied changes in the phenol degradation rates, indicating a community structure-function relationship. Nonmetric dimensional analysis showed that LmPH genotypes and the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis banding patterns clustered together by phenol concentration, rather than by reactor identity. Seven isolates, representing cultivated strains of each of the observed LmPH genotypes, exhibited a rather narrow range of physiological diversity, in terms of the growth rate and the kinetic parameters of the phenol-degrading activity. We suggest that lab-scale reactors support many ecological niches, which allow the maintenance of a high diversity of ecotypes through varying concentrations of phenol, but the ability of particular strains to become dominant members of the community under the different environmental conditions cannot be predicted easily solely from their phenol-degrading properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Basile
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ho KL, Chen YY, Lin B, Lee DJ. Degrading high-strength phenol using aerobic granular sludge. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 85:2009-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Treating chemical industries influent using aerobic granular sludge: Recent development. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2009.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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