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Shimizu D, Miyahara T, Tanemura R. Community-based practical behavioral intervention in public transportation for people with acquired brain injury: study of two cases using a single-case experimental design study. Neurocase 2022; 28:302-309. [PMID: 35914121 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2022.2106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to report on the progress of a behavioral approach to enable patients with acquired brain injury (age 57, male, stroke and age 36, old, female, TBI) using a community activity support center to commute alone using public transportation. In this study, two ABI patients were intervened to enable them to use public transportation. The frequency of intervention was once a month or once a week. The two community-dwelling adults each had post-ABI attention and memory deficits and anxiety. A-B-A single-case experimental design was employed for this study. The transportation route was stepped into multiple steps. Each step was scored in a unique way to determine the degree of assistance the participant received from others. This score was considered the main outcome. Tau-U analysis was used for statistical analysis. Statistically significant improvements in public transportation use were shown between baseline and intervention. There were no significant differences between the intervention and follow-up periods. The results suggest that behavioral interventions are beneficial in reacquiring the ability to use public transportation and that the intervention effects are sustained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shimizu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Rumi Tanemura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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A Brief Period of Wakeful Rest after Learning Enhances Verbal Memory in Stroke Survivors. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2021; 27:929-938. [PMID: 33423703 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617720001307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence suggests that wakeful rest (a period of minimal cognitive stimulation) enhances memory in clinical populations with memory impairment. However, no study has previously examined the efficacy of this technique in stroke survivors, despite the high prevalence of post-stroke memory difficulties. We aimed to investigate whether wakeful rest enhances verbal memory in stroke survivors and healthy controls. METHOD Twenty-four stroke survivors and 24 healthy controls were presented with two short stories; one story was followed by a 10-minute period of wakeful rest and the other was followed by a 10-minute visual interference task. A mixed factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) with pairwise comparisons was used to compare participants' story retention at two time points. RESULTS After 15-30 minutes, stroke survivors (p = .002, d = .73), and healthy controls (p = .001, d = .76) retained more information from the story followed by wakeful rest, compared with the story followed by an interference task. While wakeful rest remained the superior condition in healthy controls after 7 days (p = .01, d = .58), the beneficial effect was not maintained in stroke survivors (p = .35, d = .19). CONCLUSIONS Wakeful rest is a promising technique, which significantly enhanced verbal memory after 15-30 minutes in both groups; however, no significant benefit of wakeful rest was observed after 7 days in stroke survivors. Preliminary findings suggest that wakeful rest enhances early memory consolidation processes by protecting against the effects of interference after learning in stroke survivors.
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Hamzah N, Narayanan V, Ramli N, Mustapha NA, Mohammad Tahir NA, Tan LK, Danaee M, Muhamad NA, Drummond A, das Nair R, Goh SY, Mazlan M. Randomised controlled clinical trial of a structured cognitive rehabilitation in patients with attention deficit following mild traumatic brain injury: study protocol. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028711. [PMID: 31537559 PMCID: PMC6756424 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the clinical, structural and functional changes of an individualised structured cognitive rehabilitation in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) population. SETTING A single centre study, Malaysia. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged between 18 and 60 years with mTBI as a result of road traffic accident, with no previous history of head trauma, minimum of 9 years education and abnormal cognition at 3 months will be included. The exclusion criteria include pre-existing chronic illness or neurological/psychiatric condition, long-term medication that affects cognitive/psychological status, clinical evidence of substance intoxication at the time of injury and major polytrauma. Based on multiple estimated calculations, the minimum intended sample size is 50 participants (Cohen's d effect size=0.35; alpha level of 0.05; 85% power to detect statistical significance; 40% attrition rate). INTERVENTIONS Intervention group will receive individualised structured cognitive rehabilitation. Control group will receive the best patient-centred care for attention disorders. Therapy frequency for both groups will be 1 hour per week for 12 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES Primary: Neuropsychological Assessment Battery-Screening Module (S-NAB) scores. Secondary: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) parameters and Goal Attainment Scaling score (GAS). RESULTS Results will include descriptive statistics of population demographics, CogniPlus cognitive program and metacognitive strategies. The effect of intervention will be the effect size of S-NAB scores and mean GAS T scores. DTI parameters will be compared between groups via repeated measure analysis. Correlation analysis of outcome measures will be calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. CONCLUSION This is a complex clinical intervention with multiple outcome measures to provide a comprehensive evidence-based treatment model. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee UMMC (MREC ID NO: 2016928-4293). The findings of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03237676.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhamizan Hamzah
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vairavan Narayanan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norlisah Ramli
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Atikah Mustapha
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Li Kuo Tan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asiah Muhamad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Avril Drummond
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roshan das Nair
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Mental Health, Nottinghamshire Healthcare Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sing Yau Goh
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Malaysia
| | - Mazlina Mazlan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Cicerone KD, Goldin Y, Ganci K, Rosenbaum A, Wethe JV, Langenbahn DM, Malec JF, Bergquist TF, Kingsley K, Nagele D, Trexler L, Fraas M, Bogdanova Y, Harley JP. Evidence-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation: Systematic Review of the Literature From 2009 Through 2014. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100:1515-1533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Domensino AF, van Haastregt JCM, van Heugten CM. One-year follow-up results of a community-based treatment programme for people with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:3106-3111. [PMID: 31033372 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1582719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study evaluated the long-term effects of Brainz, a community-based treatment programme for adults with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase of the injury.Materials and methods: The treatment consisted of group modules and biweekly individual home training sessions. Of the 62 subjects who participated in the original effect study, 30 subjects were available for follow-up assessment. Selection bias analysis of baseline characteristics revealed no significant differences between the included and the excluded group. Baseline measurements were compared with follow-up measurements to assess effect consolidation after treatment cessation.Results: The increased level of patient satisfaction with social participation found one year after baseline, was maintained at follow-up. The positive effects on the number of perceived difficulties in daily life and need of care that were found one year after baseline measurements were no longer present. However, an additional improvement in self-reported overall health was observed. The decreased level of self-esteem measured one year after baseline, was no longer present at follow-up.Conclusions: Overall, this study suggests consolidation of the effects of this community-based treatment programme. Further enhancement of treatment effects could be established by the implementation of booster sessions or peer support groups. Future controlled studies are needed.Implications for rehabilitationAcquired brain injury can lead to consequences in a variety of life domains that can persist after patients return to their homes.A low-intensity community-based rehabilitation programme called Brainz demonstrated to improve patient satisfaction with societal participation and reduce perceived difficulties in daily life and need of care.This study suggests the consolidation of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Fleur Domensino
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Limburg Brain Injury Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda C M van Haastregt
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline M van Heugten
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Limburg Brain Injury Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Middag-van Spanje M, Smeets S, van Haastregt J, van Heugten C. Outcomes of a community-based treatment programme for people with acquired brain injury in the chronic phase: a pilot study. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2017; 29:305-321. [PMID: 28351198 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1298527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of Brainz, a low intensity community-based treatment programme for people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Participants were 62 people with sustained ABI (5.2 years post-injury, SD = 4.5) and 35 family caregivers. Participants attended two to five cognitive and physical group modules and received two hours of individual home treatment every two weeks. Primary outcomes for people with ABI were participation, perceived difficulties in daily life and need of care, level of goal attainment, and self-esteem. Primary family caregiver outcome was perceived burden of care. Attrition rate of people with ABI was 24% (n = 15), and of family caregivers was 31% (n = 11). People with ABI were more satisfied with the level of their participation after completing Brainz (p < .01), but showed no change in participation frequency or in restrictions (both ps > .01). They perceived fewer difficulties in daily life and less need of care (both ps < .01). Also, in two cognitive modules people improved on their goal achievement (p < .01). However, their self-esteem was reduced (p < .01). Caregiver burden was reduced (p < .01). This study has provided preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of a combined group-based clinical and individual home-based treatment programme, but more research is needed, preferably in larger controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanne Smeets
- b Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology , School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University , MD Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van Haastregt
- c Department of Health Services Research , CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University , MD Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Caroline van Heugten
- b Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology , School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University , MD Maastricht , The Netherlands.,d Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology , Maastricht University , MD Maastricht , The Netherlands.,e Limburg Brain Injury Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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De Luca R, Calabrò RS, Bramanti P. Cognitive rehabilitation after severe acquired brain injury: current evidence and future directions. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2016; 28:879-898. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1211937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria De Luca
- Behavioral and NeuroRobotic Rehabilitation Laboratory, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
- Behavioral and NeuroRobotic Rehabilitation Laboratory, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- Behavioral and NeuroRobotic Rehabilitation Laboratory, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
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Goodwin RA, Lincoln NB, Bateman A. Dysexecutive symptoms and carer strain following acquired brain injury: Changes measured before and after holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation. NeuroRehabilitation 2016; 39:53-64. [PMID: 27341361 DOI: 10.3233/nre-161338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following acquired brain injury (ABI), deficits in executive functioning (EF) are common. As a result many brain-injured patients encounter problems in every-day functioning, and their families experience significant strain. Previous research has documented the benefits of cognitive rehabilitation for executive dysfunction, and rehabilitation programmes designed to ameliorate functional problems associated with ABI. OBJECTIVES This study primarily aims to evaluate whether a neuropsychological rehabilitation programme reduces reported symptoms of everyday dysexecutive behaviour and carer strain. METHODS In this study 66 ABI outpatients attended comprehensive holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation programme. A repeated-measures design was employed to determine the effect of rehabilitation on EF and carer strain, as part of a service evaluation. Outcome measures comprised the dysexecutive questionnaire (DEX/DEX-I) and carer strain index (CSI), applied pre- and post-rehabilitation. RESULTS Results indicate rehabilitation benefited clients and carers in 5 of 6 DEX/DEX-I subscales, and 2 of 3 CSI subscales, (p < 0.05). An effect of aetiology on rehabilitation was found on the metacognitive scale of the DEX-I. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this study supports a comprehensive holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation programme as effective in reducing reported symptoms of dysexecutive behaviour and carer strain following ABI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Goodwin
- Division of Rehabilitation & Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Oliver Zangwill Centre for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Ely, UK
| | - Nadina B Lincoln
- Division of Rehabilitation & Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Bateman
- Oliver Zangwill Centre for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Ely, UK
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Comparison of cognitive behavioral therapy and supportive psychotherapy for the treatment of depression following traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2015; 29:467-78. [PMID: 25370439 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of 2 different interventions (cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT] and supportive psychotherapy [SPT]) to treat post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) depression. PARTICIPANTS A sample of 77 community-dwelling individuals with a TBI, and a diagnosis of depression. Participants were randomized into treatment conditions either CBT or SPT and received up to 16 sessions of individual psychotherapy. MEASURES Participants completed the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and self-report measures of depression (Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), perceived social support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List), stressful life events (Life Experiences Survey), and quality of life (QOL) before beginning and immediately following treatment. RESULTS No significant differences were found at baseline between CBT and SPT groups on demographic factors (sex, age, education, race, and time since injury) or baseline measures of depression, anxiety, participation, perceived social support, stressful life events, or QOL. Analyses of variance revealed significant time effects for the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and QOL outcome measures but no group effects. Intention-to-treat mixed effects analyses did not find any significant difference in patterns of scores of the outcome measures between the CBT and SPT intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS Both forms of psychotherapy were efficacious in improving diagnoses of depression and anxiety and reducing depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that in this sample of individuals with TBI, CBT was not more effective in treating depression than SPT, though further research is needed with larger sample sizes to identify different components of these interventions that may be effective with different TBI populations. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00211835.
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Prescott S, Fleming J, Doig E. Goal setting approaches and principles used in rehabilitation for people with acquired brain injury: A systematic scoping review. Brain Inj 2015; 29:1515-29. [DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2015.1075152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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A process evaluation of a stroke-specific follow-up care model for stroke patients and caregivers; a longitudinal study. BMC Nurs 2015; 14:3. [PMID: 25628517 PMCID: PMC4307745 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-014-0052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a need for follow-up care after stroke, but there is no consensus about the way to organise it. An intervention providing follow-up care for stroke patients and caregivers showed favourable effects on the level of social activities, but no other effects were found. The intervention consists of a maximum of five home visits to patients and caregivers during a period of 18 months post-discharge. The home visits are conducted by a stroke care coordinator (SCC) using a structured assessment tool. The objective of this study was to examine process-related factors that could have influenced the effectiveness of the intervention. Methods 77 stroke patients, 59 caregivers and 4 SCCs participated in the study. Data on the organisational characteristics of and the satisfaction with the intervention were collected by means of structured assessments, interviews and self-administered questionnaires at 1, 6, 12 and 18 months of follow-up. The intervention was provided between April 2008 and June 2011. Results Patients received an average of 3.8 home visits (SD 1.4) and 55% of them had a follow-up period of a maximum of 18 months. There were 1074 problems identified and the SCCs initiated 363 follow-up care and referral options. Stroke patients and caregivers were very satisfied with the intervention. The SCCs were satisfied with the assessment tool, but would like to see a structured referral system. Conclusions The intervention was only partially performed in accordance with the protocol and was positively evaluated by patients, caregivers and SCCs. It is recommended to add a structured referral system to the intervention.
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Guàrdia-Olmos J, Peró-Cebollero M, Gudayol-Ferré E. Neuropsychological rehabilitation and quality of life: A meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2171-2069(15)70002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Grant M, Ponsford J. Goal Attainment Scaling in brain injury rehabilitation: Strengths, limitations and recommendations for future applications. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2014; 24:661-77. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2014.901228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Brands IMH, Bouwens SFM, Wolters Gregório G, Stapert SZ, van Heugten CM. Effectiveness of a process-oriented patient-tailored outpatient neuropsychological rehabilitation programme for patients in the chronic phase after ABI. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2013; 23:202-15. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2012.734039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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De Joode EA, Van Heugten CM, Verhey FR, Van Boxtel MP. Effectiveness of an electronic cognitive aid in patients with acquired brain injury: A multicentre randomised parallel-group study. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2013; 23:133-56. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2012.726632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Boosman H, Visser-Meily JMA, Post MWM, Lindeman E, Van Heugten CM. Exploring the relation between learning style and cognitive impairment in patients with acquired brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2011; 22:26-39. [PMID: 22176635 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2011.632907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The way a patient prefers to approach or choose a learning situation represents the patient's learning style. The objective of this chart review study was to explore the relation between learning style and cognitive impairment in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). We used data from files of 92 adult patients with ABI referred to inpatient rehabilitation, who completed the Adapted Learning Style Inventory (A-LSI) and at least one of the following neuropsychological tests: Trail Making Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, WAIS-III Digit Span, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test-Copy, Stroop Color-Word Test, or the Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test. The A-LSI yielded the following distribution of learning styles: 4 doers, 48 observers, 2 deciders and 38 thinkers. No significant correlation coefficients were found between the neuropsychological tests and the A-LSI. Furthermore, Chi-square tests revealed no significant associations between learning style (observer, thinker) and cognitive impairment. The results of this exploratory study suggest that learning style and cognitive impairment are independent in patients with ABI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Boosman
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht and De Hoogstraat, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Schipper K, Visser-Meily JMA, Hendrikx A, Abma TA. Participation of people with acquired brain injury: Insiders perspectives. Brain Inj 2011; 25:832-43. [DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2011.589796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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