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Bagder Elmaci S, Schultz J, Isci A, Scherzinger M, Aslanhan DD, Cam MD, Sakiyan O, Kaltschmitt M. Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment of cork dust - Effects on biomass composition, phenolic extraction and anaerobic degradability. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 181:114-127. [PMID: 38608526 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In this study, phenolic compounds using deep eutectic solvents (DES) were extracted from cork dust, and the biogas production potential of DES-treated cork dust samples was determined. The DES treatment was carried out using choline chloride and formic acid (1:2 M ratio) at various temperatures (90, 110 and 130 °C) and treatment times (20, 40 and 60 min) at a solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:10 g mL-1. The highest total phenolic content (137 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g-1 dry cork dust) was achieved at 110 °C/20 min. The extracts exhibited an antioxidant capacity of up to 56.3 ± 3.1 % 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydazyl (DPPH) inhibition at a dilution rate of 100. DES treatment resulted in minimal sugar solubilization at low temperatures, while approximately 42 % of the xylan fraction in the biomass degraded under severe conditions (e.g., 130 °C/60 min). Catechin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and gallic acid were the major phenolics in DES extracts. The biogas yield of DES-treated cork dust increased with treatment severity. The highest biogas yield (115.1mLN gVS-1) was observed at 130 °C/60 min, representing an increase of 125 % compared to the untreated sample. SEM images revealed that the surface structure of the samples became smoother after mild pretreatment and rougher after harsh pretreatment. Compositional and FTIR analyses indicated that a higher biogas formation potential was associated with increased cellulose content in the substrate, which could be attributed to hemicellulose solubilization in the hydrolysate. Overall, DES pretreatment effectively enhanced phenol extraction and anaerobic degradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simel Bagder Elmaci
- Ankara University, Food Engineering Department, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jana Schultz
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics (IUE), Eissendorfer Straße 40, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Asli Isci
- Ankara University, Food Engineering Department, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Marvin Scherzinger
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics (IUE), Eissendorfer Straße 40, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Miyase Deniz Cam
- Ankara University, Food Engineering Department, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozge Sakiyan
- Ankara University, Food Engineering Department, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martin Kaltschmitt
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics (IUE), Eissendorfer Straße 40, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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Li M, Rao C, Ye X, Wang M, Yang B, Wang C, Guo L, Xiong Y, Cui X. Applications for natural deep eutectic solvents in Chinese herbal medicines. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1104096. [PMID: 36699048 PMCID: PMC9868165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs), with a wide range of bioactive components, are considered to be an important source for new drug discovery. However, the process to isolate and obtain those bioactive components to develop new drugs always consumes a large amount of organic solvents with high toxicity and non-biodegradability. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), a new type of green and designable solvents composed of primary plant-based metabolites, have been used as eco-friendly substitutes for traditional organic solvents in various fields. Due to the advantages of easy preparation, low production cost, low toxicity, and eco-friendliness, NADES have been also applied as extraction solvents, media, and drug delivery agents in CHMs in recent years. Besides, the special properties of NADES have been contributed to elucidating the traditional processing (also named Paozhi in Chinese) theory of CHMs, especially processing with honey. In this paper, the development process, preparation, classification, and applications for NADES in CHMs have been reviewed. Prospects in the future applications and challenges have been discussed to better understand the possibilities of the new solvents in the drug development and other uses of CHMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Rao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ye
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Leiden University–European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands,SU Biomedicine BV, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Boyuan Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Chengxiao Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Liqun Guo
- Center for Drug Discovery & Technology Development of Yunnan Traditional Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Leiden University–European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Yin Xiong, ; Xiuming Cui,
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Yin Xiong, ; Xiuming Cui,
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Bureš MS, Maslov Bandić L, Vlahoviček-Kahlina K. Determination of Bioactive Components in Mandarin Fruits: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1489-1514. [PMID: 35157545 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2035209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, there has been a continuous rise in the consumption of fresh easy-to-peel mandarins. However, the majority of the knowledge comes from other citrus fruit, like orange, while there are relatively few studies about mandarins and no comprehensive research on literature data about them. One of the most important steps in the analytical process is sample preparation. Its value is evident in analyzing the samples with complex matrices, such as in mandarin fruit. In addition, mandarin contains hundreds to thousands of various compounds and metabolites, some of them present in extremely low concentrations, that interfere with the detection of one another. Hence, mandarin samples are commonly pretreated by extraction to facilitate analysis of bioactive compounds, improve accuracy and quantification levels. There is an abundance of extraction techniques available, depending on the group of compounds of interest. Finally, modern analytical techniques, have been applied to cope with numerous bioactive compounds in mandarins. Considering all the above, this review aims to (i) list the most valuable procedures of sample preparation, (ii) highlight the most important techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from mandarin fruit, and (iii) summarize current trends in the identification and determination of bioactive compounds in mandarin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luna Maslov Bandić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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