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Gao T, Huang J, Yin H, Huang J, Xie J, Zhou T, Fan W, Yang X, Gao G, Li Z. Inhibition of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma by Chiauranib through an AIF-dependent pathway and its synergy with L-asparaginase. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:316. [PMID: 37160920 PMCID: PMC10169864 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) is a rare and aggressive form of extranodal lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Currently, there are very limited treatment options for patients with advanced-stage disease or those with relapsed/recurrent disease. Here we show that Chiauranib, an orally small molecule inhibitor of select serine-threonine kinases (aurora B, VEGFRs, PDGFR, CSF1R, c-Kit), inhibited NKTL cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, as well as suppressed the microvessel density in vitro and in vivo similar as in other types of cancer cells. Surprisingly, Chiauranib unfolded a new effect to induce apoptosis of NKTL cells by triggering AIF-dependent apoptosis other than the traditional cyt-c/caspase mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. The knockdown of AIF in vitro and in vivo dramatically blocked the efficacy of Chiauranib on NKTL. Mechanistically, the release of AIF from mitochondria is due to the upregulation of VDAC1 by the AKT-GSK3β pathway and activation of calcium-dependent m-calpain, which promotes the cleavage of VDAC1 and therefore permits the release of AIF. Notably, the low expression of Bax in both NKTL cells and patient tissues restrained the cyt-c release. It resulted in the inhibition of cyt-c/caspase mitochondrial pathway, suggesting that drugs targeting this traditional pathway may not be effective in NKTL. Furthermore, we found that L-asparaginase triggered CD95 (Fas/Apo-1)-caspase 8-caspase 3 apoptotic pathway in NKTL cells, and combination of Chiauranib and L-asparaginase exhibited a synergistic effect, suggesting a feasibility to combine these two drugs for effective treatment of NKTL. This study demonstrates Chiauranib's positive efficacy toward NKTL through the activation of the AIF-dependent apoptosis pathway for the first time. The novel and multi-targets of Chiauranib and the synergistic effect with L-asparaginase may provide a promising therapy for NKTL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jieye Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haofan Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jinye Xie
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R. China.
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R. China.
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Sang W, Zhou H, Qin Y, Shen Z, Yan D, Sun C, Song X, Ma Y, Tu D, Bian Z, Nie S, Jin Y, Xu L, Li Z, Xu K. Risk stratification model based on VEGF and International Prognostic Index accurately identifies low-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients in the rituximab era. Int J Hematol 2021; 114:189-198. [PMID: 33893987 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-021-03145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor affects the invasiveness of solid tumors by regulating angiogenesis. However, it is not clear whether VEGF could be used to predict the prognosis of DLBCL in the era of rituximab-based immunotherapy. We conducted a retrospective study to explore response to therapy and the prognostic value of VEGF on DLBCL in the rituximab era. The subjects were 65 patients with a histological diagnosis of DLBCL from the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to estimate the cumulative survival rate of patients with different VEGF and IPI levels, and comparisons between groups were made using the log-rank test. DLBCL patients with elevated VEGF were more likely to have extranodal involvement, advanced stage, Myc/Bcl-2 double expression, and a higher Ki-67 score. Elevated VEGF was associated with poor therapeutic response and survival. When patients were divided into low, low-intermediate, high-intermediate and high-risk groups using the V-IPI model based on VEGF and IPI, PFS rates were 94.4, 74.1, 40.6 and 14.8%, respectively. This model better identified low-risk patients than IPI (85.9, 88.9, 37 and 7.8%). Our results demonstrate that VEGF predicts therapeutic response in DLBCL and the V-IPI model accurately predicts PFS of low-risk DLBCL in the rituximab era.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/etiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Prognosis
- Rituximab/administration & dosage
- Rituximab/therapeutic use
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyuan Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Sun
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuguang Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyun Tu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Bian
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanlin Nie
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingliang Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linyan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
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Mashhadi MA, Arbabi N, Sargazi S, Kazemi-Lomedasht F, Jahantigh D, Miri-Moghaddam E. Association of VEGFA gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Evidences from population-based and in silico studies. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: importance of angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:515-529. [PMID: 32451774 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for the initiation and progression of solid tumors, as well as hematological malignancies. While angiogenesis in solid tumors has been well characterized, a large body of investigation is devoted to clarify the impact of angiogenesis on lymphoma development. B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is the most common lymphoid malignancy with a highly heterogeneity. The malignancy remains incurable despite that the addition of rituximab to conventional chemotherapies provides substantial improvements. Several angiogenesis-related parameters, such as proangiogenic factors, circulating endothelial cells, microvessel density, and tumor microenvironment, have been identified as prognostic indicators in different types of B-NHL. A better understanding of how these factors work together to facilitate lymphoma-specific angiogenesis will help to design better antiangiogenic strategies. So far, VEGF-A monoclonal antibodies, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF receptors, and immunomodulatory drugs with antiangiogenic activities are being tested in preclinical and clinical studies. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of the role of angiogenesis in B-NHL, and discusses the applications of antiangiogenic therapies.
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de Mel S, Hue SSS, Jeyasekharan AD, Chng WJ, Ng SB. Molecular pathogenic pathways in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:33. [PMID: 30935402 PMCID: PMC6444858 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Although L-asparaginase-based chemotherapy has resulted in improved response rates, relapse occurs in up to 50% of patients with disseminated disease. There is hence an urgent need for effective targeted therapy, especially for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. Novel insights gleaned from high-throughput molecular and genomic profiling studies in recent years have contributed significantly to the understanding of the molecular biology of ENKTL, which exemplifies many of the hallmarks of cancer. Deregulated pro-proliferative signaling pathways, such as the Janus-associated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Aurora kinase, MYC, and NF-κB, have been identified as potential therapeutic targets. The discovery of the non-canonical function of EZH2 as a pro-proliferative transcriptional co-activator has shed further light on the pathogenesis of ENKTL. Loss of key tumor suppressor genes located on chromosome 6q21 also plays an important role. The best-studied examples include PR domain zinc finger protein 1(PRDM1), protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa (PTPRK), and FOXO3. Promoter hypermethylation has been shown to result in the downregulation of other tumor suppressor genes in ENKTL, which may be potentially targeted through hypomethylating agents. Deregulation of apoptosis through p53 mutations and upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin, may provide a further growth advantage to this tumor. A deranged DNA damage response as a result of the aberration of ataxia telangiectasia-related (ATR) kinases can lead to significant genomic instability and may contribute to chemoresistance of ENKTL. Recently, immune evasion has emerged as a critical pathway for survival in ENKTL and may be a consequence of HLA dysregulation or STAT3-driven upregulation of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Immunotherapy via inhibition of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling holds great promise as a novel therapeutic option. In this review, we present an overview of the key molecular and pathogenic pathways in ENKTL, organized using the framework of the "hallmarks of cancer" as described by Hanahan and Weinberg, with a focus on those with the greatest translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay de Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anand D Jeyasekharan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Siok-Bian Ng
- Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
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de Mel S, Tan JZC, Jeyasekharan AD, Chng WJ, Ng SB. Transcriptomic Abnormalities in Epstein Barr Virus Associated T/NK Lymphoproliferative Disorders. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:405. [PMID: 30705877 PMCID: PMC6344448 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein Barr virus positive T/NK lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV-TNKLPD) comprise a spectrum of neoplasms ranging from cutaneous lymphoid proliferations to aggressive lymphomas. The spectrum includes extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), aggressive NK-cell leukemia, and a group of EBV-TNKLPDs affecting children which are poorly characterized in terms of their molecular biology. Gene and miRNA expression profiling has elucidated RNA abnormalities which impact on disease biology, classification, and treatment of EBV-TNKLPD. Pathways promoting proliferation, such as Janus associated kinase/ Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) and nuclear factor kB, are upregulated in ENKTL while upregulation of survivin and deregulation of p53 inhibit apoptosis in both ENKTL and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). Importantly, immune evasion via the programmed cell death-1 and its ligand, PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway, has been demonstrated to play an important role in ENKTL. Other pathogenic mechanisms involve EBV genes, microRNA deregulation, and a variety of other oncogenic signaling pathways. The identification of EBV-positive Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) as a tumor with a distinct molecular signature and clinical characteristics highlights the important contribution of the knowledge derived from gene and miRNA expression profiling in disease classification. Novel therapeutic targets identified through the study of RNA abnormalities provide hope for patients with EBV-TNKLPD, which often has a poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint inhibition and JAK inhibition in particular have shown promise and are being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we provide an overview of the key transcriptomic aberrancies in EBV-TNKLPD and discuss their translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay de Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Anand D Jeyasekharan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siok-Bian Ng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Zhang Q, Cao J, Xue K, Liu X, Ji D, Guo Y, Hong X. Recombinant human endostatin in combination with CHOP regimen for peripheral T cell lymphoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 10:145-151. [PMID: 28053548 PMCID: PMC5189703 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s117007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) has a poor prognosis. Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) might contribute to the poor prognosis of PTCL and could be the target of novel therapy. The efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (ECHOP) have been explored in 15 PTCL patients. The objective response rate was 80%, with 53.3% patients having achieved complete response (CR) rate. The CR rate was 100% (3/3) in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) patients compared to only 36.4% (4/11) in PTCL not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) patients. With a median follow-up of 69 months, the 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 53% and 60%, respectively. The 5-year OS was 100% in AITL but was only 45% in PTCL-NOS. Seven out of 11 patients showed overexpression of VEGFR2 in their tumor vessels and had a better efficacy than those with low expression of VEGFR2. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia is the most common toxicity observed. ECHOP was safe and might display potential benefit in AITL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunling Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junning Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Cutaneous CD8+ Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphoma Infiltrates: Clinicopathological Correlation and Outcome of 35 Cases. Oncol Ther 2016; 4:199-210. [PMID: 28261650 PMCID: PMC5315091 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-016-0026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell lymphomas are only rarely encountered and thus remain only poorly characterized. Our aim was to collect and correlate clinical and histological data of CD8+ skin lymphoma infiltrates to obtain a proper subtype assignment of CD8+ skin lymphoma infiltrates and to derive putative prognostic markers thereof. Methods Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of 35 patients with CD8+ cytotoxic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma infiltrates was retrieved from the archives of the Institute of Pathology and the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, dating back from 1998 until 2015. Cytological, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features were assessed and correlated with respective clinical data. Results The identified cases of CD8+ cytotoxic atypical lymphoproliferative infiltrates of the skin (n = 35) comprised 13 cases of mycosis fungoides (MF)/Sézary syndrome (SS), 4 cases of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL), 5 cases of primary cutaneous acral CD8+ lymphoma [formerly indolent CD8+ lymphoid proliferation (ILP)] and 1 case of aggressive epidermotropic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (AECTCL). Moreover, nine cases were classified as primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) and three cases as systemic PTCL-NOS. Multiple skin lesions, a high proliferative index and especially a final subtype attribution to AECTCL or systemic PTCL-NOS were associated with a worse survival. Coexpression of CD68 by tumor cells was exclusively observed in indolent acral CD8+ T-cell lymphoma and thus indicated an invariably benign clinical course. No further distinctive markers could be derived from our analysis. Conclusion Cutaneous infiltrates of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma comprise clinically and histologically heterogeneous entities of either primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas or secondary infiltrates of otherwise systemic peripheral T-cell lymphomas. A thorough clinicopathological correlation with respective staging examinations remains the mainstay for correct subtype assignment and proper prognostication as long as no better markers have been defined.
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Rotunno M, McMaster ML, Boland J, Bass S, Zhang X, Burdett L, Hicks B, Ravichandran S, Luke BT, Yeager M, Fontaine L, Hyland PL, Goldstein AM, Chanock SJ, Caporaso NE, Tucker MA, Goldin LR. Whole exome sequencing in families at high risk for Hodgkin lymphoma: identification of a predisposing mutation in the KDR gene. Haematologica 2016; 101:853-60. [PMID: 27365461 PMCID: PMC5004465 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.135475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma shows strong familial aggregation but no major susceptibility genes have been identified to date. The goal of this study was to identify high-penetrance variants using whole exome sequencing in 17 Hodgkin lymphoma prone families with three or more affected cases or obligate carriers (69 individuals), followed by targeted sequencing in an additional 48 smaller HL families (80 individuals). Alignment and variant calling were performed using standard methods. Dominantly segregating, rare, coding or potentially functional variants were further prioritized based on predicted deleteriousness, conservation, and potential importance in lymphoid malignancy pathways. We selected 23 genes for targeted sequencing. Only the p.A1065T variant in KDR (kinase insert domain receptor) also known as VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) was replicated in two independent Hodgkin lymphoma families. KDR is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase, the main mediator of vascular endothelial growth factor induced proliferation, survival, and migration. Its activity is associated with several diseases including lymphoma. Functional experiments have shown that p.A1065T, located in the activation loop, can promote constitutive autophosphorylation on tyrosine in the absence of vascular endothelial growth factor and that the kinase activity was abrogated after exposure to kinase inhibitors. A few other promising mutations were identified but appear to be "private". In conclusion, in the largest sequenced cohort of Hodgkin lymphoma families to date, we identified a causal mutation in the KDR gene. While independent validation is needed, this mutation may increase downstream tumor cell proliferation activity and might be a candidate for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Rotunno
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary L McMaster
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Boland
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sara Bass
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xijun Zhang
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laurie Burdett
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Belynda Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarangan Ravichandran
- Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc.; Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Brian T Luke
- Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc.; Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Paula L Hyland
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lynn R Goldin
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Couronné L, Bastard C, Gaulard P, Hermine O, Bernard O. [Molecular pathogenesis of peripheral T cell lymphoma (2): extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:1023-33. [PMID: 26576610 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) belong to the group of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and particularly that of mature T /NK cells lymphoproliferative neoplasms. The 2008 WHO classification describes different PTCL entities with varying prevalence. With the exception of histologic subtype "ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma", PTCL are characterized by a poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these lymphomas are not yet fully understood, but development of genomic high-throughput analysis techniques now allows to extensively identify the molecular abnormalities present in tumor cells. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge and recent advances about the molecular events occurring at the origin or during the natural history of main entities of PTCL. The first part published in the October issue was focused on the three more frequent entities, i.e. angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The second part presented herein will describe other subtypes less frequent and of poor prognosis : extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Couronné
- Service d'hématologie adultes, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Necker, Paris, France - Inserm UMR1163, CNRS ERL 8254, Institut Imagine, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christian Bastard
- Département de pathologie, AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Créteil, France ; Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, France ; Inserm U955, Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Inserm U918 ; Université de Rouen ; Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Service d'hématologie adultes, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Necker, Paris, France - Inserm UMR1163, CNRS ERL 8254, Institut Imagine, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bernard
- UMR 1170 ; Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif ; Université Paris Sud 11, Orsay, France
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11
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Rueda A, Olmos D, Vicioso L, Quero C, Gallego E, Pajares-Hachero BI, Mendiola M, Casanova M, Álvarez M, Provencio M, Alba E. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor C in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:1286-94. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.952227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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12
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Integrin αvβ3 acting as membrane receptor for thyroid hormones mediates angiogenesis in malignant T cells. Blood 2014; 125:841-51. [PMID: 25488971 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-07-587337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of lymphoid tumor cells with components of the extracellular matrix via integrin αvβ3 allows tumor survival and growth. This integrin was demonstrated to be the membrane receptor for thyroid hormones (THs) in several tissues. We found that THs, acting as soluble integrin αvβ3 ligands, activated growth-related signaling pathways in T-cell lymphomas (TCLs). Specifically, TH-activated αvβ3 integrin signaling promoted TCL proliferation and angiogenesis, in part, via the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Consequently, genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of integrin αvβ3 decreased VEGF production and induced TCL cell death in vitro and in human xenograft models. In sum, we show that integrin αvβ3 transduces prosurvival signals into TCL nuclei, suggesting a novel mechanism for the endocrine modulation of TCL pathophysiology. Targeting this mechanism could constitute an effective and potentially low-toxicity chemotherapy-free treatment of TCL patients.
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13
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Diagnostic accuracy of a defined immunophenotypic and molecular genetic approach for peripheral T/NK-cell lymphomas. A North American PTCL study group project. Am J Surg Pathol 2014; 38:768-75. [PMID: 24618604 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of peripheral T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas (PTNKCL) is difficult with few standards for required ancillary studies. We evaluated a series of PTNKCLs using a tiered approach to immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic characterization to document diagnostic accuracy and clinical relevance. Seven hematopathologists reviewed 374 cases that included PTNKCL and non-PTNKCL cases to mimic diagnostic practice. Cases received tier 0, 1, and 2 diagnoses by 3 independent pathologists, on the basis of hematoxylin and eosin stains and progressive immunohistochemistry panels. A tier 2b diagnosis was rendered when gene rearrangement data were available, and a final consensus diagnosis was rendered after discussion of each case. Across all 374 cases, consensus agreement was 92.5%. For PTNKCLs, World Health Organization subclassification was possible in 16.5%, 37.1%, 82.8%, and 85.9% of individual reviewer diagnoses at tier 0, 1, 2, and 2b, respectively. Gene rearrangement contributed to a change in diagnosis in 51 of 647 (8%) individual reviews. Following this algorithm may provide prognostic information on the basis of individual marker expression in common PTNKCL types (CD4 in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified and PD-1 in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma). This evidence-based approach to the diagnosis of PTNKCL informs practicing pathologists, clinical trial designers, and policy-makers regarding required ancillary studies.
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Matas-Céspedes A, Rodriguez V, Kalko SG, Vidal-Crespo A, Rosich L, Casserras T, Balsas P, Villamor N, Giné E, Campo E, Roué G, López-Guillermo A, Colomer D, Pérez-Galán P. Disruption of follicular dendritic cells-follicular lymphoma cross-talk by the pan-PI3K inhibitor BKM120 (Buparlisib). Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:3458-71. [PMID: 24799524 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To uncover the signaling pathways underlying follicular lymphoma-follicular dendritic cells (FL-FDC) cross-talk and its validation as new targets for therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FL primary cells and cell lines were cocultured in the presence or absence of FDC. After 24 and 48 hours, RNA was isolated from FL cells and subjected to gene expression profiling (GEP) and data meta-analysis using DAVID and GSEA softwares. Blockade of PI3K pathway by the pan-PI3K inhibitor BKM120 (buparlisib; Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation) and the effect of PI3K inhibition on FL-FDC cross-talk were analyzed by means of ELISA, RT-PCR, human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation, adhesion and migration assays, Western blot, and in vivo studies in mouse FL xenografts. RESULTS GEP of FL-FDC cocultures yields a marked modulation of FL transcriptome by FDC. Pathway assignment by DAVID and GSEA software uncovered an overrepresentation of genes related to angiogenesis, cell adhesion, migration, and serum-response factors. We demonstrate that the addition of the pan-PI3K inhibitor BKM120 to the cocultures was able to downregulate the expression and secretion of proangiogenic factors derived from FL-FDC cocultures, reducing in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis. Moreover, BKM120 efficiently counteracts FDC-mediated cell adhesion and impedes signaling and migration induced by the chemokine CXCL12. BKM120 inhibits both constitutive PI3K/AKT pathway and FDC- or CXCL12-induced PI3K/AKT pathway, hampers FDC survival signaling, and reduces cell proliferation of FL cells in vitro and in mouse xenografts. CONCLUSIONS These data support the use of BKM120 in FL therapy to counteract microenvironment-related survival signaling in FL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Matas-Céspedes
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology
| | - Vanina Rodriguez
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology
| | | | - Anna Vidal-Crespo
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology
| | - Laia Rosich
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology
| | | | - Patricia Balsas
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology
| | | | - Eva Giné
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elías Campo
- Hematopathology Unit, Department of Pathology; and
| | - Gaël Roué
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology
| | | | - Dolors Colomer
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology; Hematopathology Unit, Department of Pathology; and
| | - Patricia Pérez-Galán
- Authors' Affiliations: Experimental Therapeutics in Lymphoid Malignancies Group, Department of Hemato-Oncology;
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15
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VEGF and bFGF gene polymorphisms in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:159813. [PMID: 23998120 PMCID: PMC3755428 DOI: 10.1155/2013/159813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are important in the proliferation and survival of the malignant hematopoietic neoplasms, including non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) play an important role in the initiation of angiogenesis. Both VEGF and bFGF have been reported to have prognostic significance in NHL. The present study aimed to determine an association between the VEGF and bFGF gene polymorphisms and disease susceptibility and progression. VEGF (rs3025039; 936 C>T) and bFGF (rs308395, -921 G>C) variants were determined in 78 NHL patients and 122 healthy individuals by PCR-RFLP technique. The presence of the VEGF 936T allele was found to significantly associate with worse prognosis of the disease (expressed by the highest International Prognostic Index (IPI)) (0.41 versus 0.20, P = 0.044 for IPI 4 among patients having and lacking the T allele). The VEGF 936T variant was also more frequent among patients with IPI 4 than in controls (OR = 3.37, P = 0.029). The bFGF -921G variant was more frequently detected among patients with aggressive as compared to those with indolent histological subtype (0.37 versus 0.18, P = 0.095) and healthy individuals (0.37 versus 0.19, OR = 2.51, P = 0.038). These results imply that VEGF and bFGF gene polymorphisms have prognostic significance in patients with NHL.
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16
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Dimtsas GS, Georgiadi EC, Karakitsos P, Vassilakopoulos TP, Thymara I, Korkolopoulou P, Patsouris E, Kittas C, Doussis-Anagnostopoulou IA. Prognostic significance of immunohistochemical expression of the angiogenic molecules vascular endothelial growth factor-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:558-64. [PMID: 23772669 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.813629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis leads to new blood vessel formation and is implicated in both physiological and pathological situations. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family is the major mediator of this process. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and VEGFR-2 and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), since the role of angiogenesis in this tumor still remains unclear. The immunohistochemical expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 was examined in 194 patients with cHL. The neoplastic Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells expressed VEGF-A, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in 90.3%, 97.2% and 94.1% of cases, respectively. Only the expression of VEGFR-2 was positively correlated with serum albumin levels ≥ 4 g/dL. No correlation with patient outcome was observed. All three molecules were statistically correlated with ramifications of blood vessels. Summarizing, our results are not sufficient to consider VEGF-A and/or VEGF receptors as prognosticators in cHL.
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17
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Paesler J, Gehrke I, Poll-Wolbeck SJ, Kreuzer KA. Targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor in hematologic malignancies. Eur J Haematol 2012; 89:373-84. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Paesler
- Department I of Internal Medicine I; University at Cologne; Cologne; Germany
| | - Iris Gehrke
- Department I of Internal Medicine I; University at Cologne; Cologne; Germany
| | | | - Karl-Anton Kreuzer
- Department I of Internal Medicine I; University at Cologne; Cologne; Germany
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The mechanisms that regulate the localization and overexpression of VEGF receptor-2 are promising therapeutic targets in cancer biology. Anticancer Drugs 2012; 23:347-54. [PMID: 22261741 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32835004ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family has been proposed to be the most important signaling protein family in vessel formation and maturation. VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) plays an abundant role in the most common forms of cancer. The localization of VEGFR-2 expression is important in cancer pathogenesis; however, so far, little attention has been paid to this phenomenon. Induced cytoplasmic VEGFR-2 transition from the nucleus is associated with poor prognostic cancer stages. Current VEGFR-2-targeted therapy approaches are effective in inhibiting or arresting tumor growth. Moreover, VEGFR-2-targeted therapy was demonstrated to restore the abnormal vasculature in tumors, enhancing their susceptibility toward conventional therapy. Most effects can be found when VEGFR-2-targeted therapy inhibits not only the induced angiogenesis but also the cancer cells that sometimes overexpress VEGFR-2. Nevertheless, we still have little knowledge about the mechanisms that regulate VEGFR-2 expression and how its localization is exactly involved in cancer prognosis. Further research and evaluation of VEGFR-2 regulation and its nuclear transition is necessary to develop more accurate therapeutic strategies to improve the patients' quality of life and their survival.
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19
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Vishvakarma NK, Kumar A, Singh V, Singh SM. Hyperglycemia of tumor microenvironment modulates stage-dependent tumor progression and multidrug resistance: implication of cell survival regulatory molecules and altered glucose transport. Mol Carcinog 2012; 52:932-45. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.21922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjani Kumar
- School of Biotechnology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221 005 UP India
| | - Vivek Singh
- School of Biotechnology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221 005 UP India
| | - Sukh Mahendra Singh
- School of Biotechnology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221 005 UP India
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20
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Becker J, Covelo-Fernandez A, von Bonin F, Kube D, Wilting J. Specific tumor-stroma interactions of EBV-positive Burkitt's lymphoma cells in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Vasc Cell 2012; 4:3. [PMID: 22404859 PMCID: PMC3325879 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-4-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is able to transform B cells and is a causative infectious agent in BL. The precise role of EBV in lymphoma progression is still unclear. Most investigations have concentrated on cell autonomous functions of EBV in B cells. Functions of the local environment in BL progression have rarely been studied, mainly due to the lack of appropriate in vivo models. Therefore, we inoculated different human BL cell-lines onto the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryonic day 10 (ED10) chick embryos and re-incubated until ED14 and ED17. RESULTS All cell-lines formed solid tumors. However, we observed strong differences in the behavior of EBV+ and EBV- cell-lines. Tumor borders of EBV+ cells were very fuzzy and numerous cells migrated into the CAM. In EBV- tumors, the borders were much better defined. In contrast to EBV- cells, the EBV+ cells induced massive immigration of chick leukocytes at the tumor borders and the development of granulation tissue with large numbers of blood vessels and lymphatics, although the expression of pro- and anti-angiogenic forms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors/receptors was the same in all BL cell-lines tested. The EBV+ cell-lines massively disseminated via the lymphatics and completely occluded them. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the EBV+ cells attract pro-angiogenic leukocytes, which then induce secondary tumor-stroma interactions contributing to the progression of BL. We show that the CAM is a highly suitable in vivo model to study the differential behavior of BL cell-lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Becker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ana Covelo-Fernandez
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frederike von Bonin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Kube
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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21
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Quentmeier H, Eberth S, Romani J, Weich HA, Zaborski M, Drexler HG. DNA methylation regulates expression of VEGF-R2 (KDR) and VEGF-R3 (FLT4). BMC Cancer 2012; 12:19. [PMID: 22251800 PMCID: PMC3297533 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGF-Rs) are important regulators for angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. VEGFs and VEGF-Rs are not only expressed on endothelial cells but also on various subtypes of solid tumors and leukemias contributing to the growth of the malignant cells. This study was performed to examine whether VEGF-R2 (KDR) and VEGF-R3 (FLT4) are regulated by DNA methylation. METHODS Real-time (RT) PCR analysis was performed to quantify KDR and FLT4 expression in some ninety leukemia/lymphoma cell lines, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs). Western blot analyses and flow cytometric analyses confirmed results at the protein level. After bisulfite conversion of DNA we determined the methylation status of KDR and FLT4 by DNA sequencing and by methylation specific PCR (MSP). Western blot analyses were performed to examine the effect of VEGF-C on p42/44 MAPK activation. RESULTS Expression of KDR and FLT4 was observed in cell lines from various leukemic entities, but not in lymphoma cell lines: 16% (10/62) of the leukemia cell lines expressed KDR, 42% (27/65) were FLT4 positive. None of thirty cell lines representing six lymphoma subtypes showed more than marginal expression of KDR or FLT4. Western blot analyses confirmed KDR and FLT4 protein expression in HDMECs, HUVECs and in cell lines with high VEGF-R mRNA levels. Mature VEGF-C induced p42/44 MAPK activation in the KDR- /FLT4(+) cell line OCI-AML1 verifying the model character of this cell line for VEGF-C signal transduction studies. Bisulfite sequencing and MSP revealed that GpG islands in the promoter regions of KDR and FLT4 were unmethylated in HUVECs, HDMECs and KDR(+) and FLT4(+) cell lines, whereas methylated cell lines did not express these genes. In hypermethylated cell lines, KDR and FLT4 were re-inducible by treatment with the DNA demethylating agent 5-Aza-2'deoxycytidine, confirming epigenetic regulation of both genes. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that VEGF-Rs KDR and FLT4 are silenced by DNA methylation. However, if the promoters are unmethylated, other factors (e.g. transactivation factors) determine the extent of KDR and FLT4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilmar Quentmeier
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Cultures, German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany.
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22
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Osoczowe stężenie cytokin limfo-i angiogennych u chorych na chłoniaka rozlanego z dużych komórek B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-5814(12)34005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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23
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Complementary IL-23 and IL-27 anti-tumor activities cause strong inhibition of human follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma growth in vivo. Leukemia 2011; 26:1365-74. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Zhao S, Zhang L, Zhang M, Yao G, Zhang X, Zhao W, Ren W, Wang J, Zhang Q. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: the effect of initial treatment and microvascular density in 31 patients. Med Oncol 2011; 29:2311-6. [PMID: 22038726 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study are to explore the clinical features and treatment outcomes and to investigate the correlation between microvessel density (MVD) and survival in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). We retrospectively analyzed clinical and follow-up data of 31 patients treated in two hospitals during 1995-2009 histologically proven AITL. We also assessed MVD in the lump of 31 previously untreated patients using α-CD34 immunohistochemical staining. The median age of the 31 patients was 48 years, eighty percent of the patients were in an advanced stage. 67.7% of them had B symptoms, with the follow-up of 2-13 years, the 5-year overall survival rate was 25.8%. The response rates (RR) of CHOP group and COP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone) group are 76.5 and 75%, respectively, which is no significant difference (P=0.894). RR did not differ whether chemotherapy regimens contained anthracycline or not. The 3-year PFS rate for patients who received COP and CHOP regimen was 25.4 and 35.3% (P=0.562), while 5-year OS rates were 25.0 and 29.4%, respectively (P=0.667). The median PFS for patients with high MVD and low MVD were 15.1 and 30.0 months (P=0.048), while the median OS were 20 and 45 months, respectively (P=0.038). Patients who were sensitive to initial chemotherapy COP regimen have the similar therapeutic effect to CHOP regimen. Patients with high MVD measured in the microenvironment had worse PFS and OS than AITL patients with low expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
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25
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Buckstein R, Kuruvilla J, Chua N, Lee C, Macdonald DA, Al-Tourah AJ, Foo AH, Walsh W, Ivy SP, Crump M, Eisenhauer EA. Sunitinib in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a clinical and pharmacodynamic phase II multicenter study of the NCIC Clinical Trials Group. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:833-41. [PMID: 21463120 PMCID: PMC3082168 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.555892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There are limited effective therapies for most patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We conducted a phase II trial of the multi-targeted vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, 37.5 mg given orally once daily in adult patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. Of 19 enrolled patients, 17 eligible patients were evaluable for toxicity and 15 for response. No objective responses were seen and nine patients achieved stable disease (median duration 3.4 months). As a result, the study was closed at the end of the first stage. Grades 3-4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 29% and 35%, respectively. There was no relationship between change in circulating endothelial cell numbers (CECs) and bidimensional tumor burden over time. Despite some activity in solid tumors, sunitinib showed no evidence of response in relapsed/refractory DLBCL and had greater than expected hematologic toxicity.
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Zhang W, Wang L, Zhou D, Cui Q, Zhao D, Wu Y. Expression of tumor-associated macrophages and vascular endothelial growth factor correlates with poor prognosis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 52:46-52. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.529204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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27
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Hsi ED, Tadmor T. Microenvironment in peripheral T cell lymphomas: macrophages and angiogenesis as targets. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 52:3-4. [PMID: 21067439 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.527409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Hsi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Karpova MB, Fujii K, Jenni D, Dummer R, Urosevic-Maiwald M. Evaluation of lymphangiogenic markers in Sézary syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 52:491-501. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2010.517877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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