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Nam SH, Choi JH, Kim GC. Topical Application of No-Ozone Cold Plasma in Combination with Vitamin C Reduced Skin Redness and Pigmentation of UV-Irradiated Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1563. [PMID: 37371658 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) is the main cause of sunburn on the skin as it induces erythema and accelerates pigmentation. Vitamin C is one of the most frequently used compounds to reduce UV-induced skin pigmentation, but it has limitations in absorption through the skin. In this study, we tested whether a no-ozone cold plasma (NCP) treatment can improve UV-irradiated skin by helping the action of Vitamin C. For this, among five groups of HRM-2 hairless mice, four groups of mice were subjected to UVB irradiation, and three groups of UVB-treated mice were treated with NCP, Vitamin C, and NCP + Vitamin C, respectively. For evaluating the effect of each treatment, the melanin and erythema index was measured during animal experiments. Histological changes were monitored by performing H&E and MTS and IHC against tyrosinase and melanin. As a result, the naturally recovered mice showed a 28-point decrease in the melanin index, whereas a decrease of around 88, 74.3, and 106 points was detected in NCP-, Vitamin C-, and NCP + vitamin C-treated mice, respectively. Likewise, only a 39-point reduction in the erythema index was monitored in naturally recovered mice, but the NCP-, vitamin C-, and NCP + vitamin C-treated mice showed a 87.3-, 77-, and 111-point reduction, respectively. Interestingly, the skin tissues of the mice treated with NCP in combination with Vitamin C mostly recovered from UVB-induced damage. Altogether, this study elucidated the beneficial effect of the treatment of NCP in combination with Vitamin C on the UVB-irradiated skin, which might be helpful for treating sunburn on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoul-Hee Nam
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hae Choi
- Research and Development Center, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50614, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo-Cheon Kim
- Research and Development Center, Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50614, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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High skin permeation, deposition and whitening activity achieved by xanthan gum string vitamin c flexible liposomes for external application. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Jiang H, Hu X, Jiang W, Guan X, Li Y, Ngai T. Water-in-Oil Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Hydrophobized Protein Microspheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:12273-12280. [PMID: 36172706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water-in-oil (w/o) Pickering emulsions have gained considerable attention in colloid science and daily applications. However, for the formation of w/o emulsions, especially those with high internal water content, the particulate stabilizers are required to be sufficiently hydrophobic, and synthetic or chemically modified particles have been mostly reported until now, which are not biocompatible and sustainable. We present a zein protein-based microsphere derived from the Pickering emulsion template, in which protein microspheres are feasibly in situ hydrophobized by silica nanoparticles, enabling the stabilization of w/o Pickering emulsions. The effects of microsphere concentration, water/oil volume ratio, oil types, and pH on the stabilization of prepared w/o emulsions are systematically studied, revealing prominent characteristics of the controllable size, high water fraction, universal adaptation of oils, as well as broad pH stability. As a demonstration, the Pickering emulsion effectively encapsulates vitamin C and shows high stability for long storage duration against ultraviolet radiation/heat. Therefore, this novel proteinaceous particle-stabilized w/o Pickering emulsion has great potential in the delivery and protection of water-soluble bioactive substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T, Hong Kong 00852, P. R. China
| | - Yunxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T, Hong Kong 00852, P. R. China
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Palanisamy V, Sanphui P, Palanisamy K, Prakash M, Bansal AK. Design of Ascorbic Acid Eutectic Mixtures With Sugars to Inhibit Oxidative Degradation. Front Chem 2022; 10:754269. [PMID: 35615307 PMCID: PMC9125031 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.754269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Ascorbic acid (ASC), commonly known as vitamin C, acts as an anti-oxidant in the biological system. It is extensively used as an excipient in pharmaceutical industry, food supplements in fruit juices, and food materials due to its free radicals scavenging activity. Main drawback of ASC is its poor aqueous stability owing to the presence of lactone moiety that is easily oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid and further degraded. To improve aqueous stability and inhibit oxidative degradation, ASC was co-crystallized to constitute binary eutectic compositions with mono and di-saccharides such as glucose, sucrose, lactose, and mannitol. The eutectics were confirmed by their (single) lower melting endotherm compared to ASC and sugars, although Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) data confirmed the characteristics of their physical mixture. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the binary eutectics confirmed their irregular morphology. The ASC eutectics exhibited improved shelf-life by 2–5-fold in weakly acidic (pH 5) and neutral (pH 7) aqueous buffer medium, whereas the eutectic with glucose enhanced shelf-life only by 1.1–1.2-fold in acidic medium (pH 3.3 and 4). Notably, stabilizing effect of the sugar eutectics decreased with increasing acidity of the medium. In addition, higher binding energy of the disaccharide eutectics partially supports the aqueous stability order of ASC in the neutral pH medium due to more number of non-bonded interactions than that of monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthi Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Palash Sanphui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: Palash Sanphui, ; Arvind Kumar Bansal,
| | - Kandhan Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Muthuramalingam Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, India
- *Correspondence: Palash Sanphui, ; Arvind Kumar Bansal,
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Yin X, Chen K, Cheng H, Chen X, Feng S, Song Y, Liang L. Chemical Stability of Ascorbic Acid Integrated into Commercial Products: A Review on Bioactivity and Delivery Technology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:153. [PMID: 35052657 PMCID: PMC8773188 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid is commonly known as vitamin C. It is an indispensable nutrient and plays a key role in retaining the physiological process of humans and animals. L-gulonolactone oxidase, the key enzyme for the de novo synthesis of ascorbic acid, is lacking in some mammals including humans. The functionality of ascorbic acid has prompted the development of foods fortified with this vitamin. As a natural antioxidant, it is expected to protect the sensory and nutritional characteristics of the food. It is thus important to know the degradation of ascorbic acid in the food matrix and its interaction with coexisting components. The biggest challenge in the utilization of ascorbic acid is maintaining its stability and improving its delivery to the active site. The review also includes the current strategies for stabilizing ascorbic acid and the commercial applications of ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.Y.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (X.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.Y.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (X.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.Y.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (X.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.Y.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (X.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Luwei Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shuangfeng Industrial Park, Zibo 255195, China;
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Raledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.Y.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (X.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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6
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Inhibitory effect of the Ascorbic Acid on photodegradation of pharmaceuticals compounds exposed to UV-B radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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7
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Gradzielski M, Duvail M, de Molina PM, Simon M, Talmon Y, Zemb T. Using Microemulsions: Formulation Based on Knowledge of Their Mesostructure. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5671-5740. [PMID: 33955731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions, as thermodynamically stable mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant, are known and have been studied for more than 70 years. However, even today there are still quite a number of unclear aspects, and more recent research work has modified and extended our picture. This review gives a short overview of how the understanding of microemulsions has developed, the current view on their properties and structural features, and in particular, how they are related to applications. We also discuss more recent developments regarding nonclassical microemulsions such as surfactant-free (ultraflexible) microemulsions or ones containing uncommon solvents or amphiphiles (like antagonistic salts). These new findings challenge to some extent our previous understanding of microemulsions, which therefore has to be extended to look at the different types of microemulsions in a unified way. In particular, the flexibility of the amphiphilic film is the key property to classify different microemulsion types and their properties in this review. Such a classification of microemulsions requires a thorough determination of their structural properties, and therefore, the experimental methods to determine microemulsion structure and dynamics are reviewed briefly, with a particular emphasis on recent developments in the field of direct imaging by means of electron microscopy. Based on this classification of microemulsions, we then discuss their applications, where the application demands have to be met by the properties of the microemulsion, which in turn are controlled by the flexibility of their amphiphilic interface. Another frequently important aspect for applications is the control of the rheological properties. Normally, microemulsions are low viscous and therefore enhancing viscosity has to be achieved by either having high concentrations (often not wished for) or additives, which do not significantly interfere with the microemulsion. Accordingly, this review gives a comprehensive account of the properties of microemulsions, including most recent developments and bringing them together from a united viewpoint, with an emphasis on how this affects the way of formulating microemulsions for a given application with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Magali Duvail
- ICSM, Université Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, France
| | - Paula Malo de Molina
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miriam Simon
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnolgy Inst. (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, IL-3200003, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnolgy Inst. (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, IL-3200003, Israel
| | - Thomas Zemb
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.,ICSM, Université Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, France
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8
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Zaid Alkilani A, Hamed R, Hussein G, Alnadi S. Nanoemulsion-based patch for the dermal delivery of ascorbic acid. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2021.1880924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Zaid Alkilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghaid Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sabreen Alnadi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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9
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Khatouri M, Ahfir R, Lemaalam M, El Khaoui S, Derouiche A, Filali M. Effect of hydrophobically modified PEO polymers (PEO-dodecyl) on oil/water microemulsion properties: in vitro and in silico investigations. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7059-7069. [PMID: 35423179 PMCID: PMC8694888 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09804c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microemulsions are excellent systems for transdermal delivery of multifunctional drugs because they have the potential to improve drug absorption/permeation and handling limitations. Biocompatible polymers are used as a coating of microemulsions to avoid the interactions that can occur between the microemulsions and the skin. Thus, they protect and lubricate these transporter nanovesicles. In this paper, we studied decane/water microemulsions covered with hydrophobically modified PEO polymer (PEO-m). To reveal the effect of hydrophobically modified PEO (PEO-m) polymer on the shape, the micro-arrangement and the dynamics of the microemulsions, we used an integrated strategy combining Molecular Dynamics simulation (MD), Small-Angle Neutron Scattering experiments (SANS), and the Ornstein-Zernike integral equations with the Hypernetted Chain (HNC) closure relation. We determined the microemulsion shape in vitro using the renormalized intensities spectra from SANS experiments. We discussed the micro arrangements of microemulsions, in vitro and in silico, employing the pair correlation function g(r) and the structure factor S(q), obtained from the three approaches with good agreement. Thus, we used the validated MD simulations to calculate the microemulsion's dynamics properties that we discussed using the mean-squared displacement (MSD) and the diffusion coefficients. We found that the presence of moderate quantities of PEO-m, from 4 to 12 PEO-m per microemulsion, does not influence the microemulsion shape, increases the stability of the microemulsion, and slightly decrease the dynamics. Our in vitro and in silico results suggest that polymer incorporation, which has interesting in vivo implications, has no disadvantageous effects on the microemulsion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khatouri
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Informatique et Statistique (LPAIS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University BP 1796 Fes Atlas Morocco
| | - R Ahfir
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Informatique et Statistique (LPAIS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University BP 1796 Fes Atlas Morocco
| | - M Lemaalam
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - S El Khaoui
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Informatique et Statistique (LPAIS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University BP 1796 Fes Atlas Morocco
| | - A Derouiche
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - M Filali
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Informatique et Statistique (LPAIS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University BP 1796 Fes Atlas Morocco
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Caritá AC, Resende de Azevedo J, Vinícius Buri M, Bolzinger MA, Chevalier Y, Riske KA, Ricci Leonardi G. Stabilization of vitamin C in emulsions of liquid crystalline structures. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Talianu MT, Dinu-Pîrvu CE, Ghica MV, Anuţa V, Jinga V, Popa L. Foray into Concepts of Design and Evaluation of Microemulsions as a Modern Approach for Topical Applications in Acne Pathology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2292. [PMID: 33228156 PMCID: PMC7699607 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With a fascinating complexity, governed by multiple physiological processes, the skin is considered a mantle with protective functions which during lifetime are frequently impaired, triggering dermatologic disorders. As one of the most prevalent dermatologic conditions worldwide, characterized by a complex pathogenesis and a high recurrence, acne can affect the patient's quality of life. Smart topical vehicles represent a good option in the treatment of a versatile skin condition. By surpassing the stratum corneum known for diffusional resistance, a superior topical bioavailability can be obtained at the affected place. In this direction, the literature study presents microemulsions as a part of a condensed group of modern formulations. Microemulsions are appreciated for their superior profile in matters of drug delivery, especially for challenging substances with hydrophilic or lipophilic structures. Formulated as transparent and thermodynamically stable systems, using simplified methods of preparation, microemulsions have a simple and clear appearance. Their unique structures can be explained as a function of the formulation parameters which were found to be the mainstay of a targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina-Theodora Talianu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Mihaela Violeta Ghica
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Valentina Anuţa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, no.3, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Lăcrămioara Popa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020950 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-T.T.); (C.-E.D.-P.); (V.A.); (L.P.)
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Veiled Extra Virgin Olive Oils: Role of Emulsion, Water and Antioxidants. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids4030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review traces the current knowledge on the effects of various factors and phenomena that occur at interface, and the role of dispersed phase on the physicochemical, sensorial and nutritional characteristics of veiled extra virgin olive oil (VVOO). Since 1994 there have been numerous articles in the literature regarding the peculiar characteristic of unfiltered olive oil, so-called veiled or cloud virgin olive oil. It is a colloidal system (emulsion–sol), where the continuous lipidic phase dispreads mini droplets of milling water, fragments of cells and biotic fraction obtained from oil processing. During storage, the dispersed phase collapses and determines the quality of the virgin olive oil (VOO). The observed phenomena lead to worsening the quality of the product by causing defects such as oxidation of phenols, triacylglycerols hydrolysis and off-flavor formation. The addition of bioactive compounds, such as vitamins, on product based on VVOO, must take into account the eventual synergistic effect of individual substances. The role of the interphase is crucial to the synergic activity of bioactive molecules in improving oxidative stability, sensorial and health characteristics of VVOO.
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13
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Introducing nano/microencapsulated bioactive ingredients for extending the shelf-life of food products. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 282:102210. [PMID: 32726708 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The shelf-life of foods is affected by several aspects, mainly chemical and microbial events, resulting in a considerable decline in consumer's acceptance. There is an increasing interest to substitute synthetic preservatives with the plant-based bioactive ingredients which are safe and natural. However, full implementation of this replacement is postponed by some challenges associated with bioactive ingredients, including their low chemical stability, off-flavor, low solubility, and short-term effectiveness. Encapsulation could overcome these limitations. The present review explains current trends in applying natural encapsulated ingredients for food preservation based on a classified description including essential oils, plant extracts, phenolics, carotenoids, etc. and their application for extending food shelf-life mostly dealing with antimicrobial, ant-browning and antioxidant properties. Encapsulation techniques, especially nanoencapsulation, is a promising strategy to overcome their limitations. Moreover, better results are obtained using a combination of proteins and polysaccharides as wall materials than single polymers. The encapsulation method and type of encapsulants highly influences the releasing mechanism and physicochemical properties of bioactive ingredients. These factors together with optimizing the conditions of encapsulation process leads to a cost-effective and well encapsulated ingredient which is more efficient than its free form in shelf-life improvement. It has been shown that the well-designed encapsulation systems, finally, boost the shelf-life-promoting functions of the bioactive ingredients, mostly due to enhancing their solubility, homogeneity in food matrices and contact surface with deteriorative agents, and providing their prolonged presence over food storage and processing via increasing the thermal and processing stability of bioactive compounds, as well as controlling their release on food surfaces, or/and within food packages. To this end and given the numerous wall and bioactive core substances available, further studies are needed to evaluate the efficiency of many encapsulated forms of both conventional and novel bioactive ingredients in food shelf-life extending since the interactions and anti-spoiling behaviors of the ingredients in various encapsulation systems and foodstuffs are highly variable that should be optimized and characterized before any industrial application.
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Rodrigues da Cruz MC, Andreotti Dagostin JL, Perussello CA, Masson ML. Assessment of physicochemical characteristics, thermal stability and release profile of ascorbic acid microcapsules obtained by complex coacervation. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Gu C, Hu C, Ma C, Fang Q, Xing T, Xia Q. Development and characterization of solid lipid microparticles containing vitamin C for topical and cosmetic use. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Gu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Caibiao Hu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Chaolong Ma
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Qiao Fang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Tingkang Xing
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou P. R. China
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Rozman B, Gosenca M, Falson F, Gašperlin M. The influence of microemulsion structure on their skin irritation and phototoxicity potential. Int J Pharm 2016; 499:228-235. [PMID: 26757147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine skin irritation and phototoxicity potentials of several microemulsions (ME), all comprising approximately the same percentage of surfactant mixture, but varying oil/water content and consequently inner structure being either droplet-like (o/w ME, o/w ME carbomer, w/o ME and w/o ME white wax) or lamellar (gel-like ME). Two different in vitro methods were used: MTT assay (performed either on reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) or NCTC 2544 cells) and pig ear test. Neither assay revealed the difference among ME with droplet-like structure. Then again, pig ear test and MTT assay performed on RHE indicated that gel-like ME is more irritant compared to other tested ME, whereas no difference among formulations were observed by MTT assay on NCTC 2544 cells. The reasonable explanation is destruction and consequently uniform structure of ME upon dilution that is inevitable for testing on cell cultures. The results of phototoxicity test again indicated the increased potential of gel-like ME to cause adverse effects on skin. It can be concluded that for ME consisting of the same amount of identical surfactants but having different structure the latter represent a crucial factor that determines their dermal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka Rozman
- Faculty of pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirjam Gosenca
- Faculty of pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Françoise Falson
- Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement de Pharmacie Galénique Industrielle, EA 4169 Fonctions physiologiques et pathologiques de la barrière cutanée, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Mirjana Gašperlin
- Faculty of pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Liao AH, Lu YJ, Hung CR, Yang MY. Efficacy of transdermal magnesium ascorbyl phosphate delivery after ultrasound treatment with microbubbles in gel-type surrounding medium in mice. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 61:591-8. [PMID: 26838887 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liquid microemulsions appropriate for topical application were obtained by increasing their viscosity through the addition of thickening agents. The present study first assessed the usefulness of ultrasound (US) plus US contrast agent, microbubbles (MBs), in agarose gel for enhancing transdermal drug delivery. The effect of US plus MBs in agarose gel on the penetration of the skin by magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP) was explored both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro experiments, the stability of MBs was investigated by examining the penetration of MAP by the model drug, Evans blue, in two media: an agarose phantom and pig skin. The penetration depth in the agarose phantom and pig skin increased by 40% and 195%, respectively, when treated with US plus MBs in 0.1% agarose solution combined with MAP (UMB1), and by 48% and 206%, respectively, when treated with US plus MBs in 0.15% agarose solution and MAP (UMB2). The skin-whitening effects in C57BL/6J mice in the UMB1 and UMB2 groups over a 4-week experimental period were significantly increased by 63% and 70%, respectively, in the fourth week. The findings of this study suggest that the survival of MBs with US is affected by the viscosity of the surrounding medium, and that in mice, treatment with US plus MBs in a suitable agarose gel can increase skin permeability and enhance transdermal MAP delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ho Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Jui Lu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ray Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Yang
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
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Khalid N, Kobayashi I, Neves MA, Uemura K, Nakajima M, Nabetani H. Monodisperse aqueous microspheres encapsulating high concentration of l-ascorbic acid: insights of preparation and stability evaluation from straight-through microchannel emulsification. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1852-9. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Stabilization of l-ascorbic acid (l-AA) is a challenging task for food and pharmaceutical industries. The study was conducted to prepare monodisperse aqueous microspheres containing enhanced concentrations of l-AA by using microchannel emulsification (MCE). The asymmetric straight-through microchannel (MC) array used here constitutes 11 × 104 μm microslots connected to a 10 μm circular microholes. 5–30% (w/w) l-AA was added to a Milli-Q water solution containing 2% (w/w) sodium alginate and 1% (w/w) magnesium sulfate, while the continuous phase constitutes 5% (w/w) tetraglycerol condensed ricinoleate in water-saturated decane. Monodisperse aqueous microspheres with average diameters (dav) of 18.7–20.7 μm and coefficients of variation (CVs) below 6% were successfully prepared via MCE regardless of the l-AA concentrations applied. The collected microspheres were physically stable in terms of their dav and CV for >10 days of storage at 40°C. The aqueous microspheres exhibited l-AA encapsulation efficiency exceeding 70% during the storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nauman Khalid
- Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Isao Kobayashi
- Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Marcos A Neves
- Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Uemura
- Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakajima
- Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nabetani
- Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Matos-Jr FE, Di Sabatino M, Passerini N, Favaro-Trindade CS, Albertini B. Development and characterization of solid lipid microparticles loaded with ascorbic acid and produced by spray congealing. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Trends in Encapsulation Technologies for Delivery of Food Bioactive Compounds. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-014-9106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Amirdivani S, Baba ASH. Green tea yogurt: major phenolic compounds and microbial growth. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014; 52:4652-60. [PMID: 26139940 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate fermentation of milk in the presence of green tea (Camellia sinensis) with respect to changes in antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds and the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Pasteurized full fat cow's milk and starter culture were incubated at 41 °C in the presence of two different types of green tea extracts. The yogurts formed were refrigerated (4 °C) for further analysis. The total phenolic content was highest (p < 0.05) in air-dried green tea-yogurt (MGT) followed by steam-treated green tea (JGT) and plain yogurts. Four major compounds in MGTY and JGTY were detected. The highest concentration of major phenolic compounds in both samples was related to quercetin-rhamnosylgalactoside and quercetin-3-O-galactosyl-rhamnosyl-glucoside for MGTY and JGTY respectively during first 7 day of storage. Diphenyl picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods showed highest antioxidant capacity in MGTY, JGTY and PY. Streptococcus thermophillus and Lactobacillus spp. were highest in MGTY followed by JGTY and PY. This paper evaluates the implementation of green tea yogurt as a new product with functional properties and valuable component to promote the growth of beneficial yogurt bacteria and prevention of oxidative stress by enhancing the antioxidant activity of yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabboo Amirdivani
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Salihin Hj Baba
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Sheraz MA, Khan MF, Ahmed S, Kazi SH, Khattak SR, Ahmad I. Factors affecting formulation characteristics and stability of ascorbic acid in water-in-oil creams. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 36:494-504. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Sheraz
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Baqai Medical University; 51, Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road Karachi 74600 Pakistan
| | - M. F. Khan
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Baqai Medical University; 51, Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road Karachi 74600 Pakistan
| | - S. Ahmed
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Baqai Medical University; 51, Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road Karachi 74600 Pakistan
| | - S. H. Kazi
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Baqai Medical University; 51, Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road Karachi 74600 Pakistan
| | - S. Rehman Khattak
- Central Drug Laboratories; Ministry of Health; Karachi 74400 Pakistan
| | - I. Ahmad
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Baqai Medical University; 51, Deh Tor, Toll Plaza, Super Highway, Gadap Road Karachi 74600 Pakistan
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Comunian TA, Abbaspourrad A, Favaro-Trindade CS, Weitz DA. Fabrication of solid lipid microcapsules containing ascorbic acid using a microfluidic technique. Food Chem 2013; 152:271-5. [PMID: 24444936 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of ascorbic acid (AA) in the human diet has motivated food researchers to develop AA-fortified food products. However, this compound is very unstable. The aim of this work was to produce solid lipid microcapsules (SLMs) loaded with AA using microfluidic technology. The morphology of the SLMs was analysed by optical, scanning electron and confocal microscopy. We determined the encapsulation efficiency, particle size and stability of the encapsulated material. Two different means of enhancing the encapsulation efficiency and stability of AA were demonstrated: a pore blocking method and a micromolecule-chelating agent within the core. The results indicated the enormous potential of the designed vehicle to prevent AA degradation in a food product; additionally, this vehicle could mask the acidic taste of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita A Comunian
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, CP 23, CEP 13535 900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Harvard University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Carmen S Favaro-Trindade
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, CP 23, CEP 13535 900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David A Weitz
- Harvard University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Physics, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
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Almeida IF, Maleckova J, Saffi R, Monteiro H, Góios F, Amaral MH, Costa PC, Garrido J, Silva P, Pestana N, Bahia MF. Characterization of an antioxidant surfactant-free topical formulation containing Castanea sativa leaf extract. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 41:148-55. [PMID: 24188328 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.850712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inclusion of antioxidants in topical formulations can contribute to minimize oxidative stress in the skin, which has been associated with photoaging, several dermatosis and cancer. OBJECTIVE A Castanea sativa leaf extract with established antioxidant activity was incorporated into a semisolid surfactant-free formulation. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive characterization of this formulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Physical, microbiological and functional stability were evaluated during 6 months storage at 20 °C and 40 °C. Microstructure elucidation (cryo-SEM), in vitro release and in vivo moisturizing effect (Corneometer® CM 825) were also assessed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Minor changes were observed in the textural and rheological properties of the formulation when stored at 20 °C for 6 months and the antioxidant activity of the plant extract remained constant throughout the storage period. Microbiological quality was confirmed at the end of the study. Under accelerated conditions, higher modifications of the evaluated parameters were observed. Cryo-SEM analysis revealed the presence of oil droplets dispersed into a gelified external phase. The release rate of the antioxidant compounds (610 ± 70 µgh(-0.5)) followed Higuchi model. A significant in vivo moisturizing effect was demonstrated, that lasted at least 4 h after product's application. CONCLUSION The physical, functional and microbiological stability of the antioxidant formulation was established. Specific storage conditions should be recommended considering the influence of temperature on the stability. A skin hydration effect and good skin tolerance were also found which suggests that this preparation can be useful in the prevention or treatment of oxidative stress-mediated dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel F Almeida
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
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26
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Sun-Waterhouse D, Zhou J, Wadhwa SS. Drinking yoghurts with berry polyphenols added before and after fermentation. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gašperlin M, Gosenca M. Main approaches for delivering antioxidant vitamins through the skin to prevent skin ageing. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:905-19. [PMID: 21599565 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.581657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the major contributions to skin photoageing and diseases is oxidative stress, caused by UV radiation inducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Successful prophylaxis and therapy would necessitate control of the oxidant/antioxidant balance at the affected site, which can be achieved through the external supply of endogenous antioxidants. AREAS COVERED This review discusses possible strategies for dermal delivery of the antioxidant vitamins E and C, as oral supplementation has proved insufficient. These antioxidants have low skin bioavailability, owing to their poor solubility, inefficient skin permeability, or instability during storage. These drawbacks can be overcome by various approaches, such as chemical modification of the vitamins and the use of new colloidal drug delivery systems. New knowledge is included about the importance of: enhancing the endogenous skin antioxidant defense through external supply; the balance between various skin antioxidants; factors that can improve the skin bioavailability of antioxidants; and new delivery systems, such as microemulsions, used to deliver vitamins C and E into the skin simultaneously. EXPERT OPINION A promising strategy for enhancing skin protection from oxidative stress is to support the endogenous antioxidant system, with antioxidants containing products that are normally present in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Gašperlin
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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29
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Sun-Waterhouse D, Zhou J, Wadhwa SS. Effects of Adding Apple Polyphenols Before and After Fermentation on the Properties of Drinking Yoghurt. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-011-0563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Rizvi AA. Hypertension, obesity, and inflammation: the complex designs of a deadly trio. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 8:287-94. [PMID: 20367224 DOI: 10.1089/met.2009.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease and frequently occurs in conjunction with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Recent research into the underlying pathophysiologic processes common to these entities has uncovered the role of a heightened inflammatory state signified by a host of circulating biocytokines. Systemic and local hormonal effectors, such as angiotensin II and aldosterone, interact with inflammatory and oxidative stress to augment endothelial damage in a complex manner. The kidneys play a prominent role in the renin-angiotensin cascade and the abnormal pressor response that ensues. Insulin resistance underlies the pathogenesis of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The interplay of hypertension, insulin resistance, and obesity vastly enhances the noxious influence of inflammation on the vasculature, promoting deleterious immune adaptations and ultimately increasing atherosclerotic risk. Although certain classes of available pharmacologic agents already address the altered endovascular and humoral dynamics in hypertension, a better understanding of the proinflammatory picture holds promise of targeted treatment modalities in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Rizvi
- Department of Medicine, University Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
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31
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Zussman J, Ahdout J, Kim J. Vitamins and photoaging: Do scientific data support their use? J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 63:507-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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32
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Fathi-Azarbayjani A, Qun L, Chan YW, Chan SY. Novel vitamin and gold-loaded nanofiber facial mask for topical delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2010; 11:1164-70. [PMID: 20661676 PMCID: PMC2974145 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9475-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
L-ascorbic acid has been widely used in cosmetic and dermatological products because of its ability to scavenge free radicals and destroy oxidizing agents. However, it is chemically unstable and can easily be oxidized. The current cosmetic facial masks available in the market are pre-moistened, which means that the aqueous fluid content of the mask may oxidize some of the unstable active ingredients such as ascorbic acid. This work presents an anti-wrinkle nanofiber face mask containing ascorbic acid, retinoic acid, gold nanoparticles, and collagen. This novel face mask will only be wetted when applied to the skin, thus enhancing product stability. Once moistened, the content of the mask will gradually dissolve and release the active ingredients and ensure maximum skin penetration. The high surface area-to-volume ratio of the nanofiber mask will ensure maximum contact with the skin surface and help to enhance the skin permeation to restore its healthy appearance. Electrospun fiber mats may provide an attractive alternative to the commercial facial cotton masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Fathi-Azarbayjani
- />Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Block S4, level 2, Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin Qun
- />Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Block S4, level 2, Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yew Weng Chan
- />Department of Anesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, 169608 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sui Yung Chan
- />Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Block S4, level 2, Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore, Singapore
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Rozman B, Gosenca M, Gasperlin M, Padois K, Falson F. Dual influence of colloidal silica on skin deposition of vitamins C and E simultaneously incorporated in topical microemulsions. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:852-60. [DOI: 10.3109/03639040903541187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Choi HI, Park JI, Kim HJ, Kim DW, Kim SS. A novel L-ascorbic acid and peptide conjugate with increased stability and collagen biosynthesis. BMB Rep 2009; 42:743-6. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2009.42.11.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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35
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Thixotropic property in pharmaceutical formulations. J Control Release 2009; 136:88-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Simultaneous absorption of vitamins C and E from topical microemulsions using reconstructed human epidermis as a skin model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 72:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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