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Ladeira C, Møller P, Giovannelli L, Gajski G, Haveric A, Bankoglu EE, Azqueta A, Gerić M, Stopper H, Cabêda J, Tonin FS, Collins A. The Comet Assay as a Tool in Human Biomonitoring Studies of Environmental and Occupational Exposure to Chemicals-A Systematic Scoping Review. TOXICS 2024; 12:270. [PMID: 38668493 PMCID: PMC11054096 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Biomonitoring of human populations exposed to chemical substances that can act as potential mutagens or carcinogens, may enable the detection of damage and early disease prevention. In recent years, the comet assay has become an important tool for assessing DNA damage, both in environmental and occupational exposure contexts. To evidence the role of the comet assay in human biomonitoring, we have analysed original research studies of environmental or occupational exposure that used the comet assay in their assessments, following the PRISMA-ScR method (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews). Groups of chemicals were designated according to a broad classification, and the results obtained from over 300 original studies (n = 123 on air pollutants, n = 14 on anaesthetics, n = 18 on antineoplastic drugs, n = 57 on heavy metals, n = 59 on pesticides, and n = 49 on solvents) showed overall higher values of DNA strand breaks in the exposed subjects in comparison with the unexposed. In summary, our systematic scoping review strengthens the relevance of the use of the comet assay in assessing DNA damage in human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Goran Gajski
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Anja Haveric
- Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (E.E.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Marko Gerić
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (E.E.B.); (H.S.)
| | - José Cabêda
- Guarda Nacional Republicana, Destacamento Territorial de Vila Franca de Xira, Núcleo de Proteção Ambiental, 1500-124 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda S. Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Universidad de Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
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de Souza Mesquita LM, Casagrande BP, Santamarina AB, Sertorio MN, de Souza DV, Mennitti LV, Jucá A, Jamar G, Estadella D, Ribeiro DA, Ventura SPM, de Rosso VV, Pisani LP. Carotenoids obtained from an ionic liquid-mediated process display anti-inflammatory response in the adipose tissue-liver axis. Food Funct 2021; 12:8478-8491. [PMID: 34297028 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01429c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as more efficient and sustainable solvents to replace volatile organic solvents (VOSs). However, the drawbacks associated with their use are still limiting the regular application of bioactive compounds obtained from the processes they mediate as food ingredients. It is true that the number of ILs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for food applications is still low and mainly focused on the ones from the quaternary ammonium family. However, this trend is changing, judging from the evidence that industries are surpassing overgeneralization about ILs (on price and toxicity) and starting to consider the potential and performance of ILs as solvents. Despite the examples of industries applying ILs in their processes, the use of bioactive compounds obtained from IL-based processes as ingredients in food formulations is still a big challenge. The positive influence of carotenoids on diseases associated or originating from the inflammatory scenario including, among others, obesity, is not new. Moreover, it is also well known that the poorest population worldwide does not have the recommended intake of carotenoids, especially those pro-vitaminic A. In an attempt to help answer this issue, dietary supplements containing adequate doses of natural carotenoids are expected to be the solution, or at least, part of the solution for a healthier life, but also, to reduce hunger. Thus, complete studies evaluating the toxicological potential and the real viability of adding these bioactive compounds in food formulations proving (or not!) their safety to consumers and handlers are highly demanded. This work proposes to investigate the potential of carotenoids extracted from Bactris gasipaes feedstocks mediated by an ethanolic solution of an imidazolium-based IL. Thus, male Wistar rats were randomized in six different groups, supplemented or not by carotenoids extracted by IL or VOS, and fed by control- and/or high-fat-diets (HFD). The adipose tissue-liver axis was studied as a model to investigate the influence of the carotenoids on the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress markers. The main results showed that animals supplemented with carotenoids extracted with IL displayed improvements in serum parameters, besides lower metabolic efficiency, and antioxidant response on the liver, even when fed with HFD. However, animals supplemented with carotenoids extracted by VOS showed higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers and huge oxidative stress on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M de Souza Mesquita
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil. and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Breno P Casagrande
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Aline B Santamarina
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcela N Sertorio
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Vitor de Souza
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laís V Mennitti
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Jucá
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Giovana Jamar
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Debora Estadella
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sónia P M Ventura
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Veridiana V de Rosso
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luciana P Pisani
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Silva Jardim Street, 136, Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, SP, Brazil.
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Umicevic N, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Paleksic V, Djukic-Cosic D, Miljakovic EA, Djordjevic AB, Curcic M, Bulat Z, Antonijevic B. Liver function alterations among workers in the shoe industry due to combined low-level exposure to organic solvents. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:1907-1914. [PMID: 33715556 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1894703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxic, and hematotoxic effects of simultaneous occupational low-level exposure of shoe workers to a mixture of organic solvents. The study included 16 male and 55 female workers and non-exposed subjects (n = 60) in the control group. Along with a standard sets of hematological, liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin total, bilirubin direct, blood glucose, urea, and creatinine were analyzed in all participants. Indoor air quality was monitored using a Gasmet Dx - 4000 multi-component analyzer. Despite the concentration levels of individual chemicals in shoe production units were below the permissible limits, the equivalent exposure (Em) values calculated based on the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) occupational exposure limits were higher than 1. Statistically significant increase of biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin) was obtained in exposed workers of both genders compared with controls (p < 0.001). Calculated liver damage risk scores were significantly higher in both females and males compared with controls (p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that direct bilirubin was the most important predictor of organic solvent mixture exposure in the studied group of workers. These results suggest that combined exposure to organic solvents even at low concentrations may lead to hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Umicevic
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Vesna Paleksic
- Institute of Occupational and Sports Health in Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Danijela Djukic-Cosic
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Evica Antonijevic Miljakovic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Marijana Curcic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bulat
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
| | - Biljana Antonijevic
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Beograd, Serbia
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