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Ladeira C, Møller P, Giovannelli L, Gajski G, Haveric A, Bankoglu EE, Azqueta A, Gerić M, Stopper H, Cabêda J, Tonin FS, Collins A. The Comet Assay as a Tool in Human Biomonitoring Studies of Environmental and Occupational Exposure to Chemicals-A Systematic Scoping Review. Toxics 2024; 12:270. [PMID: 38668493 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Biomonitoring of human populations exposed to chemical substances that can act as potential mutagens or carcinogens, may enable the detection of damage and early disease prevention. In recent years, the comet assay has become an important tool for assessing DNA damage, both in environmental and occupational exposure contexts. To evidence the role of the comet assay in human biomonitoring, we have analysed original research studies of environmental or occupational exposure that used the comet assay in their assessments, following the PRISMA-ScR method (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews). Groups of chemicals were designated according to a broad classification, and the results obtained from over 300 original studies (n = 123 on air pollutants, n = 14 on anaesthetics, n = 18 on antineoplastic drugs, n = 57 on heavy metals, n = 59 on pesticides, and n = 49 on solvents) showed overall higher values of DNA strand breaks in the exposed subjects in comparison with the unexposed. In summary, our systematic scoping review strengthens the relevance of the use of the comet assay in assessing DNA damage in human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Goran Gajski
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anja Haveric
- Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marko Gerić
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - José Cabêda
- Guarda Nacional Republicana, Destacamento Territorial de Vila Franca de Xira, Núcleo de Proteção Ambiental, 1500-124 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Universidad de Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Møller P, Roursgaard M. Gastrointestinal tract exposure to particles and DNA damage in animals: A review of studies before, during and after the peak of nanotoxicology. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2024; 793:108491. [PMID: 38522822 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2024.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Humans ingest particles and fibers on daily basis. Non-digestible carbohydrates are beneficial to health and food additives are considered safe. However, titanium dioxide (E171) has been banned in the European Union because the European Food Safety Authority no longer considers it non-genotoxic. Ingestion of microplastics and nanoplastics are novel exposures; their potential hazardous effects to humans have been under the radar for many years. In this review, we have assessed the association between oral exposure to man-made particles/fibers and genotoxicity in gastrointestinal tract cells and secondary tissues. We identified a total of 137 studies on oral exposure to particles and fibers. This was reduced to 49 papers with sufficient quality and relevance, including exposures to asbestos, diesel exhaust particles, titanium dioxide, silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide, synthetic amorphous silica and certain other nanomaterials. Nineteen studies show positive results, 25 studies show null results, and 5 papers show equivocal results on genotoxicity. Recent studies seem to show null effects, whereas there is a higher proportion of positive genotoxicity results in early studies. Genotoxic effects seem to cluster in studies on diesel exhaust particles and titanium dioxide, whereas studies on silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide and synthetic amorphous silica seem to show mainly null effects. The most widely used genotoxic tests are the alkaline comet assay and micronucleus assay. There are relatively few results on genotoxicity using reliable measurements of oxidatively damaged DNA, DNA double strand breaks (γH2AX assay) and mutations. In general, evidence suggest that oral exposure to particles and fibers is associated with genotoxicity in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K DK-1014, Denmark.
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K DK-1014, Denmark
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Zahm S, Bonde JP, Chiu WA, Hoppin J, Kanno J, Abdallah M, Blystone CR, Calkins MM, Dong GH, Dorman DC, Fry R, Guo H, Haug LS, Hofmann JN, Iwasaki M, Machala M, Mancini FR, Maria-Engler SS, Møller P, Ng JC, Pallardy M, Post GB, Salihovic S, Schlezinger J, Soshilov A, Steenland K, Steffensen IL, Tryndyak V, White A, Woskie S, Fletcher T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi N, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Bijoux W, Chittiboyina S, de Conti A, Facchin C, Madia F, Mattock H, Merdas M, Pasqual E, Suonio E, Viegas S, Zupunski L, Wedekind R, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Carcinogenicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. Lancet Oncol 2024; 25:16-17. [PMID: 38043561 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelia Zahm
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jane Hoppin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jun Kanno
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Guang-Hui Dong
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David C Dorman
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Rebecca Fry
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Huan Guo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Line S Haug
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Motoki Iwasaki
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Peter Møller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jack C Ng
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Pallardy
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gloria B Post
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Kyle Steenland
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Susan Woskie
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tony Fletcher
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ayat Ahmadi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nahid Ahmadi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Wendy Bijoux
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Aline de Conti
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Federica Madia
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heidi Mattock
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mira Merdas
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Elisa Pasqual
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Eero Suonio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Susana Viegas
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Collia M, Møller P, Langie SAS, Vettorazzi A, Azqueta A. Further development of CometChip technology to measure DNA damage in vitro and in vivo: Comparison with the 2 gels/slide format of the standard and enzyme-modified comet assay. Toxicology 2024; 501:153690. [PMID: 38040084 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and other diseases. The comet assay has been used for more than three decades to measure DNA damages. The 1-2 gels/slide format is the most used version of the assay. In 2010, a high throughput 96 macrowell format with a spatially encoded array of microwells patterned in agarose was developed, called the CometChip. The commercial version (CometChip®) has been used for the in vitro standard version of the comet assay (following the manufacturer's protocol), although it has not been compared directly with the 2 gels/slide format. The aim of this work is to developed new protocols to allow use of DNA repair enzymes as well as the analysis of in vivo frozen tissue samples in the CometChip®, to increase the throughput, and to compare its performance with the classic 2 gels/slide format. We adapted the manufacturer's protocol to allow the use of snap frozen tissue samples, using male Wistar rats orally dosed with methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 200 mg/kg b.w.), and to detect altered nucleobases using DNA repair enzymes, with TK6 cells treated with potassium bromate (KBrO3, 0-4 mM, 3 h) and formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) as the enzyme. Regarding the standard version of the comet, we performed thee comparison of the 2 gel/slide and CometChip® format (using the the manufacturer's protocol), using TK6 cells with MMS (100-800 µM, 1 h) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 7.7-122.5 µM, 5 min) as testing compounds. In all cases the CometChip® was performed along with the 2 gels/slide format. Results obtained were comparable and the CometChip® is a good alternative to the 2 gels/slide format when a higher throughput is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Collia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Wils RS, Jacobsen NR, Vogel U, Roursgaard M, Jensen A, Møller P. Pleural inflammatory response, mesothelin content and DNA damage in mice at one-year after intra-pleural carbon nanotube administration. Toxicology 2023; 499:153662. [PMID: 37923288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Many in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity, although there is a paucity of studies on these effects in the pleural cavity. In the present study, we investigated adverse outcomes of pleural exposure to multi-walled CNTs (MWCNT-7, NM-401 and NM-403) and single-walled CNTs (NM-411). Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0.2 or 5 µg of CNTs by intra-pleural injection and sacrificed one-year post-exposure. Exposure to long and straight types of MWCNTs (i.e. MWCNT-7 and NM-401) was associated with decreased number of macrophages and increased number of neutrophils and eosinophils in pleural lavage fluid. Increased protein content in the pleural lavage fluid was also observed in mice exposed to MWCNT-7 and NM-401. The concentration of mesothelin was increased in mice exposed to MWCNT-7 and NM-411. Levels of DNA strand breaks and DNA oxidation damage, measured by the comet assay, were unaltered in cells from pleural scrape. Extra-pleural effects were seen in CNT exposed mice, including enlarged and pigmented mediastinal lymph nodes (all four types of CNTs), pericardial plaques (MWCNT-7 and NM-401), macroscopic abnormalities on the liver (MWCNT-7) and ovaries/uterus (NM-411). In conclusion, the results demonstrate that intra-pleural exposure to long and straight MWCNTs is associated with adverse outcomes. Certain observations such as increased content of mesothelin in pleural lavage fluid and ovarian/uterine abnormalities in mice exposed to NM-411 suggests that exposure to SWCNTs may also be associated with some adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regitze Sølling Wils
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5 A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5 A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5 A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5 A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Alzaben M, Burve R, Loeschner K, Møller P, Roursgaard M. Nanoplastics from ground polyethylene terephthalate food containers: Genotoxicity in human lung epithelial A549 cells. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2023; 892:503705. [PMID: 37973296 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous pollution of plastic particles in most environmental matrices leads to concern about any potential adverse effects on human health. Most studies on the toxicological effect of nanoplastics has focused on standard particles of polystyrene. In reality humans are exposed to a large variety of different types and sizes of plastic material via oral intake and inhalation. In this study, we investigated the effect of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanoplastic particles from ground food containers from a supermarket. The aim was to investigate a possible link between exposure to PET nanoplastics and genotoxic response in a cell model of the human airway epithelial (A549) cells. Further, we investigated the combined effect of PET and chemicals known to alter the cellular redox state, as a model of partially compromised antioxidant defense system. DNA damage was assessed by the alkaline comet assay. The ground PET nanoplastics have a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 136 nm in water. The results showed that PET exposure led to increased reactive oxygen species production (approximately 30 % increase compared to unexposed cells). In addition, exposure to PET nanoplastic increased the level of DNA strand breaks (net increase = 0.10 lesions/106 base pair, 95 % confidence interval: 0.01, 0.18 lesions/106 base pair). Pre- or post-exposure to hydrogen peroxide or buthionine sulfoximine did not lead to a higher level of DNA damage. Overall, the study shows that exposure to PET nanoplastics increases both intracellular reactive oxygen production and DNA damage in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alzaben
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Regina Burve
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 301, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 201, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Rodriguez-Garraus A, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Claudino Bastos V, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Ristori S, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Paulo Teixeira J, Marino M, Del Bo' C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Long-term cryopreservation of potassium bromate positive assay controls for measurement of oxidatively damaged DNA by the Fpg-modified comet assay: results from the hCOMET ring trial. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:264-272. [PMID: 37357815 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay is widely used for the measurement of oxidatively generated damage to DNA. However, there has not been a recommended long-term positive control for this version of the comet assay. We have investigated potassium bromate as a positive control for the Fpg-modified comet assay because it generates many Fpg-sensitive sites with a little concurrent generation of DNA strand breaks. Eight laboratories used the same procedure for the treatment of monocytic THP-1 cells with potassium bromate (0, 0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 mM) and subsequent cryopreservation in a freezing medium consisting of 50% foetal bovine serum, 40% RPMI-1640 medium, and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide. The samples were analysed by the Fpg-modified comet assay three times over a 3-year period. All laboratories obtained a positive concentration-response relationship in cryopreserved samples (linear regression coefficients ranging from 0.79 to 0.99). However, there was a wide difference in the levels of Fpg-sensitive sites between the laboratory with the lowest (4.2% Tail DNA) and highest (74% Tail DNA) values in THP-1 cells after exposure to 4.5 mM KBrO3. In an attempt to assess sources of inter-laboratory variation in Fpg-sensitive sites, comet images from one experiment in each laboratory were forwarded to a central laboratory for visual scoring. There was high consistency between measurements of %Tail DNA values in each laboratory and the visual score of the same comets done in the central laboratory (r = 0.98, P < 0.001, linear regression). In conclusion, the results show that potassium bromate is a suitable positive comet assay control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sara Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Rodriguez-Garraus A, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Claudino Bastos V, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Ristori S, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Paulo Teixeira J, Marino M, Del Bo C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. DNA strand break levels in cryopreserved mononuclear blood cell lines measured by the alkaline comet assay: results from the hCOMET ring trial. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:273-282. [PMID: 37357800 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is widely used in biomonitoring studies for the analysis of DNA damage in leukocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Rather than processing blood samples directly, it can be desirable to cryopreserve whole blood or isolated cells for later analysis by the comet assay. However, this creates concern about artificial accumulation of DNA damage during cryopreservation. In this study, 10 laboratories used standardized cryopreservation and thawing procedures of monocytic (THP-1) or lymphocytic (TK6) cells. Samples were cryopreserved in small aliquots in 50% foetal bovine serum, 40% cell culture medium, and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide. Subsequently, cryopreserved samples were analysed by the standard comet assay on three occasions over a 3-year period. Levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells were increased (four laboratories), unaltered (four laboratories), or decreased (two laboratories) by long-term storage. Pooled analysis indicates only a modest positive association between storage time and levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells (0.37% Tail DNA per year, 95% confidence interval: -0.05, 0.78). In contrast, DNA strand break levels were not increased by cryopreservation in TK6 cells. There was inter-laboratory variation in levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells (SD = 3.7% Tail DNA) and TK6 reference sample cells (SD = 9.4% Tail DNA), whereas the intra-laboratory residual variation was substantially smaller (i.e. SD = 0.4%-2.2% Tail DNA in laboratories with the smallest and largest variation). In conclusion, the study shows that accumulation of DNA strand breaks in cryopreserved mononuclear blood cell lines is not a matter of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sara Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Collia M, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Bastos VC, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Ristori S, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Teixeira JP, Marino M, Del Bo C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Inter-laboratory variation in measurement of DNA damage by the alkaline comet assay in the hCOMET ring trial. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:283-294. [PMID: 37228081 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is a simple and versatile method for measurement of DNA damage in eukaryotic cells. More specifically, the assay detects DNA migration from agarose gel-embedded nucleoids, which depends on assay conditions and the level of DNA damage. Certain steps in the comet assay procedure have substantial impact on the magnitude of DNA migration (e.g. electric potential and time of electrophoresis). Inter-laboratory variation in DNA migration levels occurs because there is no agreement on optimal assay conditions or suitable assay controls. The purpose of the hCOMET ring trial was to test potassium bromate (KBrO3) as a positive control for the formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay. To this end, participating laboratories used semi-standardized protocols for cell culture (i.e. cell culture, KBrO3 exposure, and cryopreservation of cells) and comet assay procedures, whereas the data acquisition was not standardized (i.e. staining of comets and image analysis). Segregation of the total variation into partial standard deviation (SD) in % Tail DNA units indicates the importance of cell culture procedures (SD = 10.9), comet assay procedures (SD = 12.3), staining (SD = 7.9) and image analysis (SD = 0.5) on the overall inter-laboratory variation of DNA migration (SD = 18.2). Future studies should assess sources of variation in each of these steps. On the positive side, the hCOMET ring trial demonstrates that KBrO3 is a robust positive control for the Fpg-modified comet assay. In conclusion, the hCOMET ring trial has demonstrated a high reproducibility of detecting genotoxic effects by the comet assay, but inter-laboratory variation of DNA migration levels is a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Collia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sara Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Sanz-Serrano J, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Eyluel Bankoglu E, Stopper H, Claudino Bastos V, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Teixeira JP, Marino M, Del Bo C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Visual comet scoring revisited: a guide to scoring comet assay slides and obtaining reliable results. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:253-263. [PMID: 37233347 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurement of DNA migration in the comet assay can be done by image analysis or visual scoring. The latter accounts for 20%-25% of the published comet assay results. Here we assess the intra- and inter-investigator variability in visual scoring of comets. We include three training sets of comet images, which can be used as reference for researchers who wish to use visual scoring of comets. Investigators in 11 different laboratories scored the comet images using a five-class scoring system. There is inter-investigator variation in the three training sets of comets (i.e. coefficient of variation (CV) = 9.7%, 19.8%, and 15.2% in training sets I-III, respectively). However, there is also a positive correlation of inter-investigator scoring in the three training sets (r = 0.60). Overall, 36% of the variation is attributed to inter-investigator variation and 64% stems from intra-investigator variation in scoring between comets (i.e. the comets in training sets I-III look slightly different and this gives rise to heterogeneity in scoring). Intra-investigator variation in scoring was also assessed by repeated analysis of the training sets by the same investigator. There was larger variation when the training sets were scored over a period of six months (CV = 5.9%-9.6%) as compared to 1 week (CV = 1.3%-6.1%). A subsequent study revealed a high inter-investigator variation when premade slides, prepared in a central laboratory, were stained and scored by investigators in different laboratories (CV = 105% and 18%-20% in premade slides with comets from unexposed and hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells, respectively). The results indicate that further standardization of visual scoring is desirable. Nevertheless, the analysis demonstrates that visual scoring is a reliable way of analysing DNA migration in comets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julen Sanz-Serrano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Biskos G, Loeschner K, Brostrøm A, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Sørli JB, Hadrup N, Vogel U. Comparison of acute phase response in mice after inhalation and intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide and tungsten particles. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:265-278. [PMID: 37312155 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation studies are the gold standard for assessing the toxicity of airborne materials. They require considerable time, special equipment, and large amounts of test material. Intratracheal instillation is considered a screening and hazard assessment tool as it is simple, quick, allows control of the applied dose, and requires less test material. The particle-induced pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response in mice caused by intratracheal instillation or inhalation of molybdenum disulphide or tungsten particles were compared. End points included neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver tissue, and SAA3 plasma protein. Acute phase response was used as a biomarker for the risk of cardiovascular disease. Intratracheal instillation of molybdenum disulphide or tungsten particles did not produce pulmonary inflammation, while molybdenum disulphide particles induced pulmonary acute phase response with both exposure methods and systemic acute phase response after intratracheal instillation. Inhalation and intratracheal instillation showed similar dose-response relationships for pulmonary and systemic acute phase response when molybdenum disulphide was expressed as dosed surface area. Both exposure methods showed similar responses for molybdenum disulphide and tungsten, suggesting that intratracheal instillation can be used for screening particle-induced acute phase response and thereby particle-induced cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - George Biskos
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- Research Group for Analytical Food Chemistry, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Rothmann MH, Møller P, Essig YJ, Gren L, Malmborg VB, Tunér M, Pagels J, Krais AM, Roursgaard M. Genotoxicity by rapeseed methyl ester and hydrogenated vegetable oil combustion exhaust products in lung epithelial (A549) cells. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:238-249. [PMID: 37232551 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofuel is an attractive substitute for petrodiesel because of its lower environmental footprint. For instance, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) emission per fuel energy content is lower for rapeseed methyl ester (RME) than for petrodiesel. This study assesses genotoxicity by extractable organic matter (EOM) of exhaust particles from the combustion of petrodiesel, RME, and hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) in lung epithelial (A549) cells. Genotoxicity was assessed as DNA strand breaks by the alkaline comet assay. EOM from the combustion of petrodiesel and RME generated the same level of DNA strand breaks based on the equal concentration of total PAH (i.e. net increases of 0.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.002, 0.25, and 0.12 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.24] lesions per million base pairs, respectively). In comparison, the positive control (etoposide) generated a much higher level of DNA strand breaks (i.e. 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.97) lesions per million base pairs. Relatively low concentrations of EOM from RME and HVO combustion particles (<116 ng/ml total PAH) did not cause DNA strand breaks in A549 cells, whereas benzo[a]pyrene and PAH-rich EOM from petrodiesel combusted using low oxygen inlet concentration were genotoxic. The genotoxicity was attributed to high molecular weight PAH isomers with 5-6 rings. In summary, the results show that EOM from the combustion of petrodiesel and RME generate the same level of DNA strand breaks on an equal total PAH basis. However, the genotoxic hazard of engine exhaust from on-road vehicles is lower for RME than petrodiesel because of lower PAH emission per fuel energy content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Hezareh Rothmann
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Yona J Essig
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Gren
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Vilhelm B Malmborg
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Tunér
- Division of Combustion Engines, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Joakim Pagels
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Annette M Krais
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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13
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Laursen KR, Christensen NV, Mulder FA, Schullehner J, Hoffmann HJ, Jensen A, Møller P, Loft S, Olin AC, Rasmussen BB, Rosati B, Strandberg B, Glasius M, Bilde M, Sigsgaard T. Airway and systemic biomarkers of health effects after short-term exposure to indoor ultrafine particles from cooking and candles - A randomized controlled double-blind crossover study among mild asthmatic subjects. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:26. [PMID: 37430267 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is insufficient knowledge about the systemic health effects of exposure to fine (PM2.5) and ultrafine particles emitted from typical indoor sources, including cooking and candlelight burning. We examined whether short-term exposure to emissions from cooking and burning candles cause inflammatory changes in young individuals with mild asthma. Thirty-six non-smoking asthmatics participated in a randomized controlled double-blind crossover study attending three exposure sessions (mean PM2.5 µg/m3; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ng/m3): (a) air mixed with emissions from cooking (96.1; 1.1), (b) air mixed with emissions from candles (89.8; 10), and (c) clean filtered air (5.8; 1.0). Emissions were generated in an adjacent chamber and let into a full-scale exposure chamber where participants were exposed for five hours. Several biomarkers were assessed in relation to airway and systemic inflammatory changes; the primary outcomes of interest were surfactant Protein-A (SP-A) and albumin in droplets in exhaled air - novel biomarkers for changes in the surfactant composition of small airways. Secondary outcomes included cytokines in nasal lavage, cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), epithelial progenitor cells (EPCs), genotoxicity, gene expression related to DNA-repair, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as metabolites in blood. Samples were collected before exposure start, right after exposure and the next morning. RESULTS SP-A in droplets in exhaled air showed stable concentrations following candle exposure, while concentrations decreased following cooking and clean air exposure. Albumin in droplets in exhaled air increased following exposure to cooking and candles compared to clean air exposure, although not significant. Oxidatively damaged DNA and concentrations of some lipids and lipoproteins in the blood increased significantly following exposure to cooking. We found no or weak associations between cooking and candle exposure and systemic inflammation biomarkers including cytokines, CRP, and EPCs. CONCLUSIONS Cooking and candle emissions induced effects on some of the examined health-related biomarkers, while no effect was observed in others; Oxidatively damaged DNA and concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins were increased in blood after exposure to cooking, while both cooking and candle emissions slightly affected the small airways including the primary outcomes SP-A and albumin. We found only weak associations between the exposures and systemic inflammatory biomarkers. Together, the results show the existence of mild inflammation following cooking and candle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rosenkilde Laursen
- Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nichlas Vous Christensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frans Aa Mulder
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jörg Schullehner
- Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Annie Jensen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna-Carin Olin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Bernadette Rosati
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bo Strandberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Merete Bilde
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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14
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Møller P, Roursgaard M. Exposure to nanoplastic particles and DNA damage in mammalian cells. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2023; 792:108468. [PMID: 37666295 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
There is concern about human exposure to nanoplastics from intentional use or degradation of plastics in the environment. This review assesses genotoxic effects of nanoplastics, defined as particles with a primary size of less than 1000 nm. The majority of results on genotoxicity come from studies on polystyrene (PS) particles in mammalian cell cultures. Most studies have measured DNA strand breaks (standard comet assay), oxidatively damaged DNA (Fpg-modified comet assay) and micronuclei. Twenty-nine out of 60 results have shown statistically significant genotoxic effects by PS exposure in cell cultures. A statistical analysis indicates that especially modified PS particles are genotoxic (odds ratio = 8.6, 95 % CI: 1.6, 46) and immune cells seems to be more sensitive to genotoxicity than other cell types such as epithelial cells (odds ratio = 8.0, 95 % CI: 1.6, 39). On the contrary, there is not a clear association between statistically significant effects in genotoxicity tests and the primary size of PS particles, (i.e. smaller versus larger than 100 nm) or between the type of genotoxic endpoint (i.e. repairable versus permanent DNA lesions). Three studies of PS particle exposure in animals have shown increased level of DNA strand breaks in leukocytes and prefrontal cortex cells. Nanoplastics from polyethylene, propylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate have been investigated in very few studies and it is currently not possible to draw conclusion about their genotoxic hazard. In summary, there is some evidence suggesting that PS particles may be genotoxic in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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15
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Hyman S, Zhang J, Andersen ZJ, Cruickshank S, Møller P, Daras K, Williams R, Topping D, Lim YH. Long-term exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 severity: A cohort study in Greater Manchester, United Kingdom. Environ Pollut 2023; 327:121594. [PMID: 37030601 PMCID: PMC10079212 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to outdoor air pollution may affect incidence and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this retrospective cohort based on patient records from the Greater Manchester Care Records, all first COVID-19 cases diagnosed between March 1, 2020 and May 31, 2022 were followed until COVID-19 related hospitalization or death within 28 days. Long-term exposure was estimated using mean annual concentrations of particulate matter with diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and benzene (C6H6) in 2019 using a validated air pollution model developed by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). The association of long-term exposure to air pollution with COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models after adjusting for potential individual, temporal and spatial confounders. Significant positive associations were observed between PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, benzene and COVID-19 hospital admissions with odds ratios (95% Confidence Intervals [CI]) of 1.27 (1.25-1.30), 1.15 (1.13-1.17), 1.12 (1.10-1.14), 1.16 (1.14-1.18), and 1.39 (1.36-1.42), (per interquartile range [IQR]), respectively. Significant positive associations were also observed between PM2.5, PM10, SO2, or benzene and COVID-19 mortality with odds ratios (95% CI) of 1.39 (1.31-1.48), 1.23 (1.17-1.30), 1.18 (1.12-1.24), and 1.62 (1.52-1.72), per IQR, respectively. Individuals who were older, overweight or obese, current smokers, or had underlying comorbidities showed greater associations between all pollutants of interest and hospital admission, compared to the corresponding groups. Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with developing severe COVID-19 after a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection, resulting in hospitalization or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Hyman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sheena Cruickshank
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konstantinos Daras
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Williams
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Greater Manchester, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Topping
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Mišík M, Staudinger M, Kundi M, Worel N, Nersesyan A, Ferk F, Dusinska M, Azqueta A, Møller P, Knasmueller S. Use of the Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay for the Detection of DNA-protective Dietary Factors: Results of Human Intervention Studies. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2023; 791:108458. [PMID: 37031732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The single cell gel electrophoresis technique is based on the measurement of DNA migration in an electric field and enables to investigate via determination of DNA-damage the impact of foods and their constituents on the genetic stability. DNA-damage leads to adverse effects including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and infertility. In the last 25 years approximately 90 human intervention trials have been published in which DNA-damage, formation of oxidized bases, alterations of the sensitivity towards reactive oxygen species and chemicals and of repair functions were investigated with this technique. In approximately 50% of the studies protective effects were observed. Pronounced protection was found with certain plant foods (spinach, kiwi fruits, onions), coffee, green tea, honey and olive oil. Also diets with increased contents of vegetables caused positive effects. Small amounts of certain phenolics (gallic acid, xanthohumol) prevented oxidative damage of DNA; with antioxidant vitamins and cholecalciferol protective effects were only detected after intake of doses that exceed the recommended daily uptake values. The evaluation of the quality of the studies showed that many have methodological shortcomings (lack of controls, no calibration of repair enzymes, inadequate control of the compliance and statistical analyses) which should be avoided in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Mišík
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlen Staudinger
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Center for Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Worel
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Brostrøm A, Wolff H, Szarek J, Berthing T, Mortensen A, Jensen KA, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Biskos G, Vogel U. Acute phase response following pulmonary exposure to soluble and insoluble metal oxide nanomaterials in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:4. [PMID: 36650530 PMCID: PMC9843849 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute phase response (APR) is characterized by a change in concentration of different proteins, including C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (SAA) that can be linked to both exposure to metal oxide nanomaterials and risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we intratracheally exposed mice to ZnO, CuO, Al2O3, SnO2 and TiO2 and carbon black (Printex 90) nanomaterials with a wide range in phagolysosomal solubility. We subsequently assessed neutrophil numbers, protein and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 and Saa1 mRNA levels in lung and liver tissue, respectively, and SAA3 and SAA1/2 in plasma. Endpoints were analyzed 1 and 28 days after exposure, including histopathology of lung and liver tissues. RESULTS All nanomaterials induced pulmonary inflammation after 1 day, and exposure to ZnO, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased Saa3 mRNA levels in lungs and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver. Additionally, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased plasma levels of SAA3 and SAA1/2. Acute phase response was predicted by deposited surface area for insoluble metal oxides, 1 and 28 days post-exposure. CONCLUSION Soluble and insoluble metal oxides induced dose-dependent APR with different time dependency. Neutrophil influx, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and plasma SAA3 levels correlated across all studied nanomaterials, suggesting that these endpoints can be used as biomarkers of acute phase response and cardiovascular disease risk following exposure to soluble and insoluble particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- grid.6975.d0000 0004 0410 5926Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Józef Szarek
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Trine Berthing
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George Biskos
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus ,grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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18
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Brunborg G, Eide DM, Graupner A, Gutzkow K, Shaposhnikov S, Kruszewski M, Sirota N, Jones GDD, Koppen G, Vanhavere F, Møller P, Stetina R, Dahl H, Collins A. Calibration of the comet assay using ionising radiation. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2023; 885:503560. [PMID: 36669811 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several trials have attempted to identify sources of inter-laboratory variability in comet assay results, aiming at achieving more equal responses. Ionising radiation induces a defined level of DNA single-strand breaks (per dose/base pairs) and is used as a reference when comparing comet results but relies on accurately determined radiation doses. In this ring test we studied the significance of dose calibrations and comet assay protocol differences, with the object of identifying causes of variability and how to deal with them. Eight participating laboratories, using either x-ray or gamma radiation units, measured dose rates using alanine pellet dosimeters that were subsequently sent to a specialised laboratory for analysis. We found substantial deviations between calibrated and nominal (uncalibrated) dose rates, with up to 46% difference comparing highest and lowest values. Three additional dosimetry systems were employed in some laboratories: thermoluminescence detectors and two aqueous chemical dosimeters. Fricke's and Benzoic Acid dosimetry solutions gave reliable quantitative dose estimations using local equipment. Mononuclear cells from fresh human blood or mammalian cell lines were irradiated locally with calibrated (alanine) radiation doses and analysed for DNA damage using a standardised comet assay protocol and a lab-specific protocol. The dose response of eight laboratories, calculated against calibrated radiation doses, was linear with slope variance CV= 29% with the lab-specific protocol, reduced to CV= 16% with the standard protocol. Variation between laboratories indicate post-irradiation repair differences. Intra-laboratory variation was very low judging from the dose response of 8 donors (CV=4%). Electrophoresis conditions were different in the lab-specific protocols explaining some dose response variations which were reduced by systematic corrections for electrophoresis conditions. The study shows that comet assay data obtained in different laboratories can be compared quantitatively using calibrated radiation doses and that systematic corrections for electrophoresis conditions are useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Brunborg
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Dag M Eide
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne Graupner
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kristine Gutzkow
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, ul. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland; Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, ul. Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Nikolai Sirota
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - George D D Jones
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK.
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Filip Vanhavere
- Radiation Protection, Dosimetry and Calibration, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK·CEN, Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium.
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, P.O. Box 2099, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rudolf Stetina
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Toxicology, Trebesska 1575, 50001 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Hildegunn Dahl
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Andrew Collins
- Dept of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PB 1046 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
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19
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Di Ianni E, Jacobsen NR, Vogel U, Møller P. Predicting nanomaterials pulmonary toxicity in animals by cell culture models: Achievements and perspectives. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2022; 14:e1794. [PMID: 36416018 PMCID: PMC9786239 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Animal experiments are highly relevant models for the assessment of toxicological effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), due to lack of biomonitoring and epidemiological studies. However, the expanding number of ENMs with different physico-chemical properties strains this approach, as there are ethical concerns and economical challenges with the use of animals in toxicology. There is an urgent need for cell culture models that predict the level of toxicological responses in vivo, consequently reducing or replacing the use of animals in nanotoxicology. However, there is still a limited number of studies on in vitro-in vivo correlation of toxicological responses following ENMs exposure. In this review, we collected studies that have compared in vitro and in vivo toxic effects caused by ENMs. We discuss the influence of cell culture models and exposure systems on the predictability of in vitro models to equivalent toxic effects in animal lungs after pulmonary exposure to ENMs. In addition, we discuss approaches to qualitatively or quantitatively compare the effects in vitro and in vivo. The magnitude of toxicological responses in cells that are exposed in submerged condition is not systematically different from the response in cells exposed in air-liquid interface systems, and there appears to be similar ENMs hazard ranking between the two exposure systems. Overall, we show that simple in vitro models with cells exposed to ENMs in submerged condition can be used to predict toxic effects in vivo, and identify future strategies to improve the associations between in vitro and in vivo ENMs-induced pulmonary toxicity. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentCopenhagenDenmark
- National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental HealthUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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20
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Azqueta A, Stopper H, Zegura B, Dusinska M, Møller P. Do cytotoxicity and cell death cause false positive results in the in vitro comet assay? Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2022; 881:503520. [PMID: 36031332 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The comet assay is used to measure DNA damage induced by chemical and physical agents. High concentrations of test agents may cause cytotoxicity or cell death, which may give rise to false positive results in the comet assay. Systematic studies on genotoxins and cytotoxins (i.e. non-genotoxic poisons) have attempted to establish a threshold of cytotoxicity or cell death by which DNA damage results measured by the comet assay could be regarded as a false positive result. Thresholds of cytotoxicity/cell death range from 20% to 50% in various publications. Curiously, a survey of the latest literature on comet assay results from cell culture studies suggests that one-third of publications did not assess cytotoxicity or cell death. We recommend that it should be mandatory to include results from at least one type of assay on cytotoxicity, cell death or cell proliferation in publications on comet assay results. A combination of cytotoxicity (or cell death) and proliferation (or colony forming efficiency assay) is preferable in actively proliferating cells because it covers more mechanisms of action. Applying a general threshold of cytotoxicity/cell death to all types of agents may not be applicable; however, 25% compared to the concurrent negative control seems to be a good starting value to avoid false positive comet assay results. Further research is needed to establish a threshold value to distinguish between true and potentially false positive genotoxic effects detected by the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain and IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bojana Zegura
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
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21
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Di Ianni E, Møller P, Cholakova T, Wolff H, Jacobsen NR, Vogel U. Assessment of primary and inflammation-driven genotoxicity of carbon black nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:526-546. [PMID: 35993455 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2106906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) have a large surface area/volume ratio and are known to generate oxidative stress and inflammation that may result in genotoxicity and cancer. Here, we evaluated the primary and inflammatory response-driven (i.e. secondary) genotoxicity of two CBNPs, Flammruss101 (FL101) and PrintexXE2B (XE2B) that differ in size and specific surface area (SSA), and cause different amounts of reactive oxygen species. Three doses (low, medium and high) of FL101 and XE2B were assessed in vitro in the lung epithelial (A549) and activated THP-1 (THP-1a) monocytic cells exposed in submerged conditions for 6 and 24 h, and in C57BL/6 mice at day 1, 28 and 90 following intratracheal instillation. In vitro, we assessed pro-inflammatory response as IL-8 and IL-1β gene expression, and in vivo, inflammation was determined as inflammatory cell infiltrates in bronchial lavage (BAL) fluid and as histological changes in lung tissue. DNA damage was quantified in vitro and in vivo as DNA strand breaks levels by the alkaline comet assay. Inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo correlated with dosed CBNPs SSA. Both materials induced DNA damage in THP-1a (correlated with dosed mass), and only XE2B in A549 cells. Non-statistically significant increase in DNA damage in vivo was observed in BAL cells. In conclusion, this study shows dosed SSA predicted inflammation both in vivo and in vitro, whereas dosed mass predicted genotoxicity in vitro in THP-1a cells. The observed lack of correlation between CBNP surface area and genotoxicity provides little evidence of inflammation-driven genotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tanya Cholakova
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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22
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Roursgaard M, Hezareh Rothmann M, Schulte J, Karadimou I, Marinelli E, Møller P. Genotoxicity of Particles From Grinded Plastic Items in Caco-2 and HepG2 Cells. Front Public Health 2022; 10:906430. [PMID: 35875006 PMCID: PMC9298925 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.906430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Large plastic litters degrade in the environment to micro- and nanoplastics, which may then enter the food chain and lead to human exposure by ingestion. The present study explored ways to obtain nanoplastic particles from real-life food containers. The first set of experiments gave rise to polypropylene nanoplastic suspensions with a hydrodynamic particle size range between 100 and 600 nm, whereas the same grinding process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) produced suspensions of particles with a primary size between 100 and 300 nm. The exposure did not cause cytotoxicity measured by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and water soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) assays in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells. Nanoplastics of transparent PET food containers produced a modest concentration-dependent increase in DNA strand breaks, measured by the alkaline comet assay [net induction of 0.28 lesions/106 bp at the highest concentration (95% CI: 0.04; 0.51 lesions/106 base pair)]. The exposure to nanoplastics from transparent polypropylene food containers was also positively associated with DNA strand breaks [i.e., net induction of 0.10 lesions/106 base pair (95% CI: −0.04; 0.23 lesions/106 base pair)] at the highest concentration. Nanoplastics from grinding of black colored PET food containers demonstrated no effect on HepG2 and Caco-2 cells in terms of cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production or changes in cell cycle distribution. The net induction of DNA strand breaks was 0.43 lesions/106 bp (95% CI: 0.09; 0.78 lesions/106 bp) at the highest concentration of nanoplastics from black PET food containers. Collectively, the results indicate that exposure to nanoplastics from real-life consumer products can cause genotoxicity in cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Monika Hezareh Rothmann
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juliane Schulte
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ioanna Karadimou
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elena Marinelli
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Di Ianni E, Jacobsen NR, Vogel UB, Møller P. Systematic review on primary and secondary genotoxicity of carbon black nanoparticles in mammalian cells and animals. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2022; 790:108441. [PMID: 36007825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2022.108441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon black exposure causes oxidative stress, inflammation and genotoxicity. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the contributions of primary (i.e. direct formation of DNA damage) and secondary genotoxicity (i.e., DNA lesions produced indirectly by inflammation) to the overall level of DNA damage by carbon black. The database is dominated by studies that have measured DNA damage by the comet assay. Cell culture studies indicate a genotoxic action of carbon black, which might be mediated by oxidative stress. Many in vivo studies originate from one laboratory that has investigated the genotoxic effects of Printex 90 in mice by intra-tracheal instillation. Meta-analysis and pooled analysis of these results demonstrate that Printex 90 exposure is associated with a slightly increased level of DNA strand breaks in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and lung tissue. Other types of genotoxic damage have not been investigated as thoroughly as DNA strand breaks, although there is evidence to suggest that carbon black exposure might increase the mutation frequency and cytogenetic endpoints. Stratification of studies according to concurrent inflammation and DNA damage does not indicate that carbon black exposure gives rise to secondary genotoxicity. Even substantial pulmonary inflammation is at best only associated with a weak genotoxic response in lung tissue. In conclusion, the review indicates that nanosized carbon black is a weak genotoxic agent and this effect is more likely to originate from a primary genotoxic mechanism of action, mediated by e.g., oxidative stress, than inflammation-driven (secondary) genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Ulla Birgitte Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 202, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Jensen O, Øvlisen AK, Jakobsen LH, Roug AS, Nielsen RE, Marcher CW, Ebbesen LH, Theilgaard-Mönch K, Møller P, Schöllkopf C, Torp-Pedersen C, El-Galaly TC, Severinsen MT. Psychotropic Drug Use in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): A Danish Nationwide Matched Cohort Study of 2404 AML and 1307 MDS Patients. Clin Epidemiol 2022; 14:225-237. [PMID: 35241936 PMCID: PMC8887140 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s336115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The diagnosis of a life-threatening disease can lead to depression and anxiety resulting in pharmacological treatment. However, use of psychotropic drugs (antidepressants, anxiolytics, and antipsychotics) in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is undetermined. Methods Prescription of psychotropic drugs in Danish AML and MDS patients was compared to a cohort matched on age, sex, and country of origin from the Danish background population using national population-based registries. Results In total, 2404 AML patients (median age 69 years) and 1307 MDS patients (median age 75 years) were included and each matched to five comparators from the background population. Two-year cumulative incidences showed that AML (20.6%) and MDS (21.2%) patients had a high risk of redemption of a psychotropic drug prescription compared to the background population (7.0% and 7.9%). High age, low educational level, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score ≥1 was associated with a higher risk in AML and MDS patients. Furthermore, non-curative treatment intent and performance status in AML patients, and high risk MDS were associated with elevated risk of psychotropic drug prescription. Conclusion In conclusion, diagnoses of AML and MDS were associated with a higher rate of psychotropic drugs prescription compared to the background population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oda Jensen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kiesbye Øvlisen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lasse Hjort Jakobsen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Stidsholt Roug
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - René Ernst Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Peter Møller
- Department of Haematology, Roskilde Sygehus, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Unit of Clinical Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marianne Tang Severinsen
- Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Correspondence: Marianne Tang Severinsen, Department of Haematology, Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark, Email
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Nørskov KH, Fridthjof K, Kampmann P, Dünweber A, Andersen CL, Renaberg T, Schöllkopf C, Ahmad SA, Schou K, Jensen CF, Møller P, Lundholm BW, Marcher C, Jepsen L, Ørntoft AK, Ommen HB, Andersen L, Behrentzs A, Hasselgren CF, Severinsen M, Grand MK, Jarden M, Møller T, Kjeldsen L. A national Danish proof of concept on feasibility and safety of home -based intensive chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 112:106756. [PMID: 34839055 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Technological advances have made it possible to offer home-based chemotherapy to patients without health care professionals being present. Prior studies on effects of home-based treatment lack inclusion of patients with hematologic malignancies. We present data from a multicenter single-arm feasibility and safety study of home-based intensive chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and their quality of life and psychological wellbeing. This national study included patients from six sites in Denmark who received intensive chemotherapy on programmed CADD Solis infusion pumps through a central venous catheter and were also managed as outpatients during treatment-induced pancytopenia. Data are presented from 104 patients, receiving 272 treatments with 1.096 (mean 4.57, SD 3.0) home infusion days out of 1.644 treatment days (67 %). Sixty-two of 168 (36.9 %) reinduction and consolidation treatment cycles ensuing pancytopenia phases were solely handled in the outpatient clinic. Patients reported high satisfaction with home-based treatment, which had a positive influence on their ability to be involved in their treatment and be socially and physically active. No unexpected events occurred during the intervention. Overall, patients improved in all quality of life outcomes over time. Home-based intensive chemotherapy treatment was feasible and safe in this population. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04904211.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Holmegaard Nørskov
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | | | - Peter Kampmann
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Anne Dünweber
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Christen Lykkegaard Andersen
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Toni Renaberg
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Claudia Schöllkopf
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Syed Azhar Ahmad
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Katrine Schou
- Department of Haematology, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Cecilie Fremming Jensen
- Department of Haematology, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Haematology, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Birgitte Wolf Lundholm
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Claus Marcher
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Lene Jepsen
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Anne Katrine Ørntoft
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Hans Beier Ommen
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Lotte Andersen
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Anni Behrentzs
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | | | - Marianne Severinsen
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Mia Klinten Grand
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Mary Jarden
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tom Møller
- University Hospital Center for Health Research, Ryesgade 27, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Lars Kjeldsen
- Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Di Ianni E, Møller P, Vogel UB, Jacobsen NR. Pro-inflammatory response and genotoxicity caused by clay and graphene nanomaterials in A549 and THP-1 cells. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2021; 872:503405. [PMID: 34798932 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoclays and graphene oxide nanomaterials represent a class of materials sharing similar shapes constituted of high aspect ratio platelets. The increased production of these materials for various industrial applications increases the risk of occupational exposure, consequently with elevated risk of adverse reactions and development of pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer. In this study, pro-inflammatory responses and genotoxicity were assessed in alveolar epithelial cells (A549) and activated THP-1 macrophages (THP-1a) after exposure to three nanoclays; a pristine (Bentonite) and two surface modified (benzalkonium chloride-coated Nanofil9, and dialkyldimethyl-ammonium-coated NanofilSE3000); graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) nanomaterials. The pro-inflammatory response in terms of IL-8 expression was strongest in cells exposed to Bentonite, whereas surface modification resulted in decreased toxicity in both cell lines when exposed to Nanofil9 and NanofilSE3000. GO and r-GO induced a pro-inflammatory response in A549 cells, while no effect was detected with the two nanomaterials on THP-1a cells. The pro-inflammatory response was strongly correlated with in vivo inflammation in mice after intra-tracheal instillation when doses were normalized against surface area. Genotoxicity was assessed as DNA strand breaks, using the alkaline comet assay. In A549 cells, an increase in DNA strand breaks was detected only in cells exposed to Bentonite, whereas Bentonite, NanofilSE3000 and GO caused an increased level of genotoxicity in THP-1a cells. Genotoxicity in THP-1a cells was concordant with the DNA damage in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells following 1 and 3 days after intra-tracheal instillation in mice. In conclusion, this study shows that surface modification of pristine nanoclays reduces the inflammatory and genotoxic response in A549 and THP-1a cells, and these in vitro models show comparable toxicity to what seen in previous mouse studies with the same materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Birgitte Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs.Lyngby, Denmark
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Abstract
Environmental exposure can increase the production of reactive oxygen species and deplete cellular antioxidants in humans, resulting in oxidatively generated damage to DNA that is both a useful biomarker of oxidative stress and indicator of carcinogenic hazard. Methods of oxidatively damaged DNA analysis have been developed and used in public health research since the 1990s. Advanced techniques detect specific lesions, but they might not be applicable to complex matrixes (e.g., tissues), small sample volume, and large-scale studies. The most reliable methods are characterized by (1) detecting relevant DNA oxidation products (e.g., premutagenic lesions), (2) not harboring technical problems, (3) being applicable to complex biological mixtures, and (4) having the ability to process a large number of samples in a reasonable period of time. Most effort has been devoted to the measurements of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanine (8-oxodG), which can be analyzed by chromatographic, enzymic, and antibody-based methods. Results from validation trials have shown that certain chromatographic and enzymic assays (namely the comet assay) are superior techniques. The enzyme-modified comet assay has been popular because it is technically simpler than chromatographic assays. It is widely used in public health studies on environmental exposures such as outdoor air pollution. Validated biomarker assays on oxidatively damaged DNA have been used to fill knowledge gaps between findings in prospective cohort studies and hazards from contemporary sources of air pollution exposures. Results from each of these research fields feed into public health research as approaches to conduct primary prevention of diseases caused by environmental or occupational agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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28
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Marino M, Del Bo C, Tucci M, Venturi S, Mantegazza G, Taverniti V, Møller P, Riso P, Porrini M. A mix of chlorogenic and caffeic acid reduces C/EBPß and PPAR-γ1 levels and counteracts lipid accumulation in macrophages. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1003-1014. [PMID: 34698900 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid (CA) are bioactive compounds in whole grains, berries, apples, some citrus fruits and coffee, which are hypothesized to promote health-beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of CGA and CA to reduce lipid accumulation in macrophages, recognized as a critical stage in the progression of atherosclerosis. Furtherly, the modulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- γ1 (PPAR-γ1), as transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, was evaluated. METHODS THP-1-derived macrophages were treated for 24 h with 0.03, 0.3, 3 and 30 μM of CGA and CA, tested alone or in combination, and a solution of oleic/palmitic acid (500 μM, 2:1 ratio). Lipid storage was assessed spectrophotometrically through fluorescent staining of cells with Nile red. C/EBPβ and PPAR-γ1 mRNA and protein levels were evaluated by RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS The mix of CGA + CA (1:1 ratio) reduced lipid accumulation at all concentrations tested, except for the highest one. The greatest effect ( - 65%; p < 0.01) was observed at the concentration of 0.3 μM for each compound. The same concentration significantly (p < 0.01) downregulated C/EBPβ and PPAR-γ1 gene expression and reduced their protein levels at 2 h and 24 h, respectively. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the capacity of CGA + CA mix to reduce lipid storage in macrophages is mediated by a reduction in the expression of transcription factors C/EBPβ and PPAR-γ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Tucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mantegazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Taverniti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Andersen MHG, Saber AT, Frederiksen M, Clausen PA, Sejbaek CS, Hemmingsen CH, Ebbehøj NE, Catalán J, Aimonen K, Koivisto J, Loft S, Møller P, Vogel U. Occupational exposure and markers of genetic damage, systemic inflammation and lung function: a Danish cross-sectional study among air force personnel. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17998. [PMID: 34504215 PMCID: PMC8429754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97382-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Air force ground crew personnel are potentially exposed to fuels and lubricants, as raw materials, vapours and combustion exhaust emissions, during operation and maintenance of aircrafts. This study investigated exposure levels and biomarkers of effects for employees at a Danish air force military base. We enrolled self-reported healthy and non-smoking employees (n = 79) and grouped them by exposure based on job function, considered to be potentially exposed (aircraft engineers, crew chiefs, fuel operators and munition specialists) or as reference group with minimal occupational exposure (avionics and office workers). We measured exposure levels to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) by silicone bands and skin wipes (PAHs only) as well as urinary excretion of PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs). Additionally, we assessed exposure levels of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the breathing zone for specific job functions. As biomarkers of effect, we assessed lung function, plasma levels of acute phase inflammatory markers, and genetic damage levels in peripheral blood cells. Exposure levels of total PAHs, OPEs and OH-PAHs did not differ between exposure groups or job functions, with low correlations between PAHs in different matrices. Among the measured job functions, the UFP levels were higher for the crew chiefs. The exposure level of the PAH fluorene was significantly higher for the exposed group than the reference group (15.9 ± 23.7 ng/g per 24 h vs 5.28 ± 7.87 ng/g per 24 h, p = 0.007), as was the OPE triphenyl phosphate (305 ± 606 vs 19.7 ± 33.8 ng/g per 24 h, p = 0.011). The OPE tris(1,3-dichlor-2-propyl)phosphate had a higher mean in the exposed group (60.7 ± 135 ng/g per 24 h) compared to the reference group (8.89 ± 15.7 ng/g per 24 h) but did not reach significance. No evidence of effects for biomarkers of systemic inflammation, genetic damage or lung function was found. Overall, our biomonitoring study show limited evidence of occupational exposure of air force ground crew personnel to UFPs, PAHs and OPEs. Furthermore, the OH-PAHs and the assessed biomarkers of early biological effects did not differ between exposed and reference groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marie Frederiksen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Camilla Sandal Sejbaek
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hallas Hemmingsen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Niels E Ebbehøj
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Julia Catalán
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Kukka Aimonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032, Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonas Koivisto
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,ARCHE Consulting, Liefkensstraat 35D, 9032, Wondelgem, Belgium
| | - Steffen Loft
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. .,Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
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30
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Scholten RH, Essig YJ, Roursgaard M, Jensen A, Krais AM, Gren L, Dierschke K, Gudmundsson A, Wierzbicka A, Møller P. Inhalation of hydrogenated vegetable oil combustion exhaust and genotoxicity responses in humans. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3407-3416. [PMID: 34468814 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Biofuels from vegetable oils or animal fats are considered to be more sustainable than petroleum-derived diesel fuel. In this study, we have assessed the effect of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) exhaust on levels of DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as primary outcome, and oxidative stress and inflammation as mediators of genotoxicity. In a randomized cross-over study, healthy humans were exposed to filtered air, inorganic salt particles, exhausts from combustion of HVO in engines with aftertreatment [i.e. emission with nitrogen oxides and low amounts of particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (approximately 1 µg/m3)], or without aftertreatment (i.e. emission with nitrogen oxides and 93 ± 13 µg/m3 of PM2.5). The subjects were exposed for 3 h and blood samples were collected before, within 1 h after the exposure and 24 h after. None of the exposures caused generation of DNA strand breaks and oxidatively damaged DNA, or affected gene expression of factors related to DNA repair (Ogg1), antioxidant defense (Hmox1) or pro-inflammatory cytokines (Ccl2, Il8 and Tnfa) in PBMCs. The results from this study indicate that short-term HVO exhaust exposure is not associated with genotoxic hazard in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Harnung Scholten
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Yona J Essig
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Annette M Krais
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Gren
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katrin Dierschke
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Gudmundsson
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aneta Wierzbicka
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Lund University, Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Torero Gutierrez C, Møller P, Roursgaard M, Loizides C, Biskos G, Saber A, Vogel U. Acute phase response and inflammation in mice following exposure to metal oxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bonassi S, Ceppi M, Møller P, Azqueta A, Milić M, Neri M, Brunborg G, Godschalk R, Koppen G, Langie SAS, Teixeira JP, Bruzzone M, Da Silva J, Benedetti D, Cavallo D, Ursini CL, Giovannelli L, Moretti S, Riso P, Del Bo' C, Russo P, Dobrzyńska M, Goroshinskaya IA, Surikova EI, Staruchova M, Barančokova M, Volkovova K, Kažimirova A, Smolkova B, Laffon B, Valdiglesias V, Pastor S, Marcos R, Hernández A, Gajski G, Spremo-Potparević B, Živković L, Boutet-Robinet E, Perdry H, Lebailly P, Perez CL, Basaran N, Nemeth Z, Safar A, Dusinska M, Collins A. DNA damage in circulating leukocytes measured with the comet assay may predict the risk of death. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16793. [PMID: 34408182 PMCID: PMC8373872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay or single cell gel electrophoresis, is the most common method used to measure strand breaks and a variety of other DNA lesions in human populations. To estimate the risk of overall mortality, mortality by cause, and cancer incidence associated to DNA damage, a cohort of 2,403 healthy individuals (25,978 person-years) screened in 16 laboratories using the comet assay between 1996 and 2016 was followed-up. Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated a worse overall survival in the medium and high tertile of DNA damage (p < 0.001). The effect of DNA damage on survival was modelled according to Cox proportional hazard regression model. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.42 (1.06–1.90) for overall mortality, and 1.94 (1.04–3.59) for diseases of the circulatory system in subjects with the highest tertile of DNA damage. The findings of this study provide epidemiological evidence encouraging the implementation of the comet assay in preventive strategies for non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bonassi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marcello Ceppi
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, San Martino Policlinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farimagsgade 5A, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.,C/Irunlarrea 3, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monica Neri
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- Department of Environmental Health, Section of Molecular Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Lovisenberggt 6, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roger Godschalk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research, Environmental Risk and Health Unit VITO - BIOMo, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal.,Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas, no 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco Bruzzone
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, San Martino Policlinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), and La Salle University (UNILASALLE), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Danieli Benedetti
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), and La Salle University (UNILASALLE), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Delia Cavallo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene (DiMEILA), Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy
| | - Cinzia Lucia Ursini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene (DiMEILA), Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Dermatology, University of Florence, Palagi Hospital, Viale Michelangelo 41, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Dobrzyńska
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irina A Goroshinskaya
- Laboratory for the Study of the Pathogenesis of Malignant Tumors, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 14 line 63, 344037, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Surikova
- Laboratory for the Study of the Pathogenesis of Malignant Tumors, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 14 line 63, 344037, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Marta Staruchova
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Magdalena Barančokova
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Volkovova
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alena Kažimirova
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de La Educación, Universidade da Coruña, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), AE CICA-INIBIC, Oza, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), AE CICA-INIBIC, Oza, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.,Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus A Zapateira s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Susana Pastor
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Biljana Spremo-Potparević
- Center of Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, VojvodeStepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lada Živković
- Center of Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, VojvodeStepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elisa Boutet-Robinet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Pierre Lebailly
- ANTICIPE Unit, INSERM & University of Caen-Normandie Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14076, Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - Carlos L Perez
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas Y Preclínicas "Victoria de Giron", Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, 146 St. and 31 Ave, No, 3102, Playa, Habana, Cuba
| | - Nursen Basaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zsuzsanna Nemeth
- Department of Non-Ionizing Radiation, National Public Health Center, Anna Street 5, 1221, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Safar
- Department of Non-Ionizing Radiation, National Public Health Center, Anna Street 5, 1221, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway
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Christophersen DV, Møller P, Thomsen MB, Lykkesfeldt J, Loft S, Wallin H, Vogel U, Jacobsen NR. Accelerated atherosclerosis caused by serum amyloid A response in lungs of ApoE -/- mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21307. [PMID: 33638910 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002017r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Airway exposure to eg particulate matter is associated with cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis. Acute phase genes, especially Serum Amyloid A3 (Saa3), are highly expressed in the lung following pulmonary exposure to particles. We aimed to investigate whether the human acute phase protein SAA (a homolog to mouse SAA3) accelerated atherosclerotic plaque progression in Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/- ) mice. Mice were intratracheally (i.t.) instilled with vehicle (phosphate buffered saline) or 2 µg human SAA once a week for 10 weeks. Plaque progression was assessed in the aorta using noninvasive ultrasound imaging of the aorta arch as well as by en face analysis. Additionally, lipid peroxidation, SAA3, and cholesterol were measured in plasma, inflammation was determined in lung, and mRNA levels of the acute phase genes Saa1 and Saa3 were measured in the liver and lung, respectively. Repeated i.t. instillation with SAA caused a significant progression in the atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta (1.5-fold). Concomitantly, SAA caused a statistically significant increase in neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (625-fold), in pulmonary Saa3 (196-fold), in systemic SAA3 (1.8-fold) and malondialdehyde levels (1.14-fold), indicating acute phase response (APR), inflammation and oxidative stress. Finally, pulmonary exposure to SAA significantly decreased the plasma levels of very low-density lipoproteins - low-density lipoproteins and total cholesterol, possibly due to lipids being sequestered in macrophages or foam cells in the arterial wall. Combined these results indicate the importance of the pulmonary APR and SAA3 for plaque progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vest Christophersen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,Ambu A/S, Ballerup, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Morten Baekgaard Thomsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heart and Circulatory Research Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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34
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Di Ianni E, Erdem JS, Møller P, Sahlgren NM, Poulsen SS, Knudsen KB, Zienolddiny S, Saber AT, Wallin H, Vogel U, Jacobsen NR. In vitro-in vivo correlations of pulmonary inflammogenicity and genotoxicity of MWCNT. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:25. [PMID: 34301283 PMCID: PMC8299626 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have received attention due to extraordinary properties, resulting in concerns for occupational health and safety. Costs and ethical concerns of animal testing drive a need for in vitro models with predictive power in respiratory toxicity. The aim of this study was to assess pro-inflammatory response (Interleukin-8 expression, IL-8) and genotoxicity (DNA strand breaks) caused by MWCNT with different physicochemical properties in different pulmonary cell models and correlate these to previously published in vivo data. Seven MWCNT were selected; two long/thick (NRCWE-006/Mitsui-7 and NM-401), two short/thin (NM-400 and NM-403), a pristine (NRCWE-040) and two surface modified; hydroxylated (NRCWE-041) and carboxylated (NRCWE-042). Carbon black Printex90 (CB) was included as benchmark material. Human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) and monocyte-derived macrophages (THP-1a) were exposed to nanomaterials (NM) in submerged conditions, and two materials (NM-400 and NM-401) in co-cultures of A549/THP-1a and lung fibroblasts (WI-38) in an air-liquid interface (ALI) system. Effective doses were quantified by thermo-gravimetric-mass spectrometry analysis (TGA-MS). To compare genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, we developed a scoring system based on a categorization of effects into standard deviation (SD) units (< 1, 1, 2, 3 or 4 standard deviation increases) for the increasing genotoxicity. Results Effective doses were shown to be 25 to 53%, and 21 to 57% of the doses administered to A549 and THP-1a, respectively. In submerged conditions (A549 and THP-1a cells), all NM induced dose-dependent IL-8 expression. NM-401 and NRCWE-006 caused the strongest pro-inflammatory response. In the ALI-exposed co-culture, only NM-401 caused increased IL-8 expression, and no DNA strand breaks were observed. Strong correlations were found between in vitro and in vivo inflammation when doses were normalized by surface area (also proxy for diameter and length). Significantly increased DNA damage was found for all MWCNT in THP-1a cells, and for short MWCNT in A549 cells. A concordance in genotoxicity of 83% was obtained between THP-1a cells and broncho-alveolar lavaged (BAL) cells. Conclusion This study shows correlations of pro-inflammatory potential in A549 and THP-1a cells with neutrophil influx in mice, and concordance in genotoxic response between THP-1a cells and BAL cells, for seven MWCNT. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00413-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Di Ianni
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina Bram Knudsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Evaxion Biotech, DK-1260, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Møller P, Muruzabal D, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Langie SAS, Azqueta A, Jensen A, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Teixeira JP, Marino M, Del Bo' C, Riso P, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Potassium bromate as positive assay control for the Fpg-modified comet assay. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:341-348. [PMID: 32319518 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is a popular assay in biomonitoring studies. DNA strand breaks (or unspecific DNA lesions) are measured using the standard comet assay. Oxidative stress-generated DNA lesions can be measured by employing DNA repair enzymes to recognise oxidatively damaged DNA. Unfortunately, there has been a tendency to fail to report results from assay controls (or maybe even not to employ assay controls). We believe this might have been due to uncertainty as to what really constitutes a positive control. It should go without saying that a biomonitoring study cannot have a positive control group as it is unethical to expose healthy humans to DNA damaging (and thus potentially carcinogenic) agents. However, it is possible to include assay controls in the analysis (here meant as a cryopreserved sample of cells i.e. included in each experiment as a reference sample). In the present report we tested potassium bromate (KBrO3) as a positive comet assay control for the formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay. Ten laboratories used the same procedure for treatment of monocytic THP-1 cells with KBrO3 (0.5, 1.5 and 4.5 mM for 1 h at 37°C) and subsequent cryopreservation. Results from one laboratory were excluded in the statistical analysis because of technical issues in the Fpg-modified comet assay. All other laboratories found a concentration-response relationship in cryopreserved samples (regression coefficients from 0.80 to 0.98), although with different slopes ranging from 1.25 to 11.9 Fpg-sensitive sites (%DNA in tail) per 1 mM KBrO3. Our results demonstrate that KBrO3 is a suitable positive comet assay control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Damian Muruzabal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry & Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry & Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- VITO-Health, Boerentang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department NEUROFARBA University of Florence (Section Pharmacology and Toxicology), Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA University of Florence (Section Pharmacology and Toxicology), Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland.,Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus A Zapateira s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergey Shaposhnikov
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway.,NorGenotech AS, Norway
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway.,NorGenotech AS, Norway
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36
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Møller P, Wils RS, Di Ianni E, Gutierrez CAT, Roursgaard M, Jacobsen NR. Genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotube reference materials in mammalian cells and animals. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2021; 788:108393. [PMID: 34893158 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were the first nanomaterials to be evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The categorization as possibly carcinogenic agent to humans was only applicable to multi-walled carbon nanotubes called MWCNT-7. Other types of CNTs were not classifiable because of missing data and it was not possible to pinpoint unique CNT characteristics that cause cancer. Importantly, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) has established a repository of industrially manufactured nanomaterials that encompasses at least four well-characterized MWCNTs called NM-400 to NM-403 (original JRC code). This review summarizes the genotoxic effects of these JRC materials and MWCNT-7. The review consists of 36 publications with results on cell culture experiments (22 publications), animal models (9 publications) or both (5 publications). As compared to the publications in the IARC monograph on CNTs, the current database represents a significant increase as there is only an overlap of 8 publications. However, the results come mainly from cell cultures and/or measurements of DNA strand breaks by the comet assay and the micronucleus assay (82 out of 97 outcomes). A meta-analysis of cell culture studies on DNA strand breaks showed a genotoxic response by MWCNT-7, less consistent effect by NM-400 and NM-402, and least consistent effect by NM-401 and NM-403. Results from other in vitro tests indicate strongest evidence of genotoxicity for MWCNT-7. There are too few observations from animal models and humans to make general conclusions about genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Regitze Sølling Wils
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Emilio Di Ianni
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Claudia Andrea Torero Gutierrez
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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37
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Wils RS, Jacobsen NR, Vogel U, Roursgaard M, Møller P. Inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in mice after intrapleural exposure to carbon nanotubes. Toxicol Sci 2021; 183:184-194. [PMID: 34086969 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are speculated to cause mesothelioma by persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue injury and genotoxicity. To investigate pleural response to CNTs, we exposed C57BL/6 mice by intrapleural injection of 0.2 or 5 µg multi-walled CNTs (MWCNT-7, NM-401 and NM-403) or single-walled CNTs (NM-411). Inflammatory response, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of pleural lavage cells and genotoxicity in cells from the mesothelial surface were assessed at day 1 and 90 after the exposure. Long and rigid types of MWCNTs (MWCNT-7 and NM-401) caused acute inflammation, characterized by influx of macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils into the pleural cavity. The inflammation was still evident at 90 days after the exposure, although it had reduced dramatically. The cellular ROS production was increased at day 90 after the exposure to MWCNT-7 and NM-401. The short and tangled type of MWCNT (i.e. NM-403) did not cause pleural inflammation or ROS production in pleural fluid cells. The exposure to NM-411 did not cause consistent inflammation responses or cellular ROS production. Levels of DNA strand breaks and DNA oxidation damage were unaltered, except for NM-411-exposed mice that had increased level of DNA strand breaks at 90 days after the exposure. In conclusion, the long and rigid CNTs caused prolonged inflammatory response and increased ROS production in pleural lavage cells, yet it was not reflected in higher levels of DNA damage in pleural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regitze Sølling Wils
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkalle 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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38
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Seppälä TT, Latchford A, Negoi I, Sampaio Soares A, Jimenez-Rodriguez R, Sánchez-Guillén L, Evans DG, Ryan N, Crosbie EJ, Dominguez-Valentin M, Burn J, Kloor M, Knebel Doeberitz MV, Duijnhoven FJBV, Quirke P, Sampson JR, Møller P, Möslein G. European guidelines from the EHTG and ESCP for Lynch syndrome: an updated third edition of the Mallorca guidelines based on gene and gender. Br J Surg 2021; 108:484-498. [PMID: 34043773 PMCID: PMC10364896 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lynch syndrome is the most common genetic predisposition for hereditary cancer but remains underdiagnosed. Large prospective observational studies have recently increased understanding of the effectiveness of colonoscopic surveillance and the heterogeneity of cancer risk between genotypes. The need for gene- and gender-specific guidelines has been acknowledged. METHODS The European Hereditary Tumour Group (EHTG) and European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) developed a multidisciplinary working group consisting of surgeons, clinical and molecular geneticists, pathologists, epidemiologists, gastroenterologists, and patient representation to conduct a graded evidence review. The previous Mallorca guideline format was used to revise the clinical guidance. Consensus for the guidance statements was acquired by three Delphi voting rounds. RESULTS Recommendations for clinical and molecular identification of Lynch syndrome, surgical and endoscopic management of Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer, and preventive measures for cancer were produced. The emphasis was on surgical and gastroenterological aspects of the cancer spectrum. Manchester consensus guidelines for gynaecological management were endorsed. Executive and layperson summaries were provided. CONCLUSION The recommendations from the EHTG and ESCP for identification of patients with Lynch syndrome, colorectal surveillance, surgical management of colorectal cancer, lifestyle and chemoprevention in Lynch syndrome that reached a consensus (at least 80 per cent) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Seppälä
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore Maryland, USA
| | - A Latchford
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, UK.,St Mark's Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - I Negoi
- Department of Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - R Jimenez-Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - L Sánchez-Guillén
- Colorectal Unit, Department of General Surgery, Elche University General Hospital Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - D G Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - N Ryan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Academic Women's Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - E J Crosbie
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - M Dominguez-Valentin
- Department of Tumour Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Burn
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M Kloor
- Department of Applied Tumour Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.,Cooperation Unit Applied Tumour Biology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M von Knebel Doeberitz
- Department of Applied Tumour Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.,Cooperation Unit Applied Tumour Biology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F J B van Duijnhoven
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - P Quirke
- Pathology and Data Analytics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J R Sampson
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - P Møller
- Department of Tumour Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - G Möslein
- Centre for Hereditary Tumours, Bethesda Hospital, Duisburg, Germany.,University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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Wils RS, Jacobsen NR, Di Ianni E, Roursgaard M, Møller P. Reactive oxygen species production, genotoxicity and telomere length in FE1-Muta™Mouse lung epithelial cells exposed to carbon nanotubes. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:661-672. [PMID: 33899660 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1910359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fiber-like nanomaterials, which are used in various applications with possible exposure to humans. The genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of CNTs remain to be fully understood. This study assessed the genotoxicity of three different multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (MWCNT-7, NM-401 and NM-403) and one single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) (NM-411) in FE1-Muta™Mouse lung epithelial (MML) cells using the alkaline comet assay. With the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescent probe, we assessed the effect of CNT-exposure on the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We measured the effect of a 10-week CNT exposure on telomere length using quantitative PCR. Two of the included MWCNTs (NM-401 and MWCNT-7) and the SWCNT (NM-411) caused a significant increase in the level of DNA damage at concentrations up to 40 µg/ml (all concentrations pooled, p < 0.05), but no concentration-response relationships were found. All of the CNTs caused an increase in intracellular ROS production compared to unexposed cells (ptrend < 0.05). Results from the long-term exposure showed longer telomere length in cells exposed to MWCNTs compared to unexposed cells (p < 0.01). In conclusion, our results indicated that the included CNTs cause ROS production and DNA strand breaks in FE1-MML cells. Moreover, the MWCNTs, but not the SWCNT, had an impact on telomere length in a long-term exposure scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regitze Sølling Wils
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Emilio Di Ianni
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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40
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Møller P, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Giovannelli L, Ladeira C, Koppen G, Gajski G, Collins A, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Boutet-Robinet E, Perdry H, Del Bo' C, Langie SAS, Dusinska M, Azqueta A. Collection and storage of human white blood cells for analysis of DNA damage and repair activity using the comet assay in molecular epidemiology studies. Mutagenesis 2021; 36:193-212. [PMID: 33755160 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and repair activity are often assessed in blood samples from humans in different types of molecular epidemiology studies. However, it is not always feasible to analyse the samples on the day of collection without any type of storage. For instance, certain studies use repeated sampling of cells from the same subject or samples from different subjects collected at different time-points, and it is desirable to analyse all these samples in the same comet assay experiment. In addition, flawless comet assay analyses on frozen samples open up the possibility of using this technique on biobank material. In this article we discuss the use of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), buffy coat (BC) and whole blood (WB) for analysis of DNA damage and repair using the comet assay. The published literature and the authors' experiences indicate that various types of blood samples can be cryopreserved with only a minor effect on the basal level of DNA damage. There is evidence to suggest that WB and PBMCs can be cryopreserved for several years without much effect on the level of DNA damage. However, care should be taken when cryopreserving WB and BCs. It is possible to use either fresh or frozen samples of blood cells, but results from fresh and frozen cells should not be used in the same dataset. The article outlines detailed protocols for the cryopreservation of PBMCs, BCs and WB samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC - Health & Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Avenida D. João II, lote 4.69.01, Parque das Nações, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.,NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus A Zapateira s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), AE CICA-INIBIC, Oza, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), AE CICA-INIBIC, Oza, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.,Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidade da Coruña, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Elisa Boutet-Robinet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Perdry
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Health Effects Laboratory, NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Naur TMH, Jakobsen LH, Roug AS, El-Galaly TC, Marcher CW, Nørgaard JM, Theilgaard-Mönch K, Møller P, Schöllkopf C, Severinsen MT. Treatment intensity and survival trends among real-world elderly AML patients diagnosed in the period 2001-2016: a Danish nationwide cohort study. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2014-2017. [PMID: 33711911 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1893315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lasse Hjort Jakobsen
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Stidsholt Roug
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Kim Theilgaard-Mönch
- Department of Hematology and Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet and Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Sygehus, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Marianne Tang Severinsen
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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42
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Milić M, Ceppi M, Bruzzone M, Azqueta A, Brunborg G, Godschalk R, Koppen G, Langie S, Møller P, Teixeira JP, Alija A, Anderson D, Andrade V, Andreoli C, Asllani F, Bangkoglu EE, Barančoková M, Basaran N, Boutet-Robinet E, Buschini A, Cavallo D, Costa Pereira C, Costa C, Costa S, Da Silva J, Del Boˊ C, Dimitrijević Srećković V, Djelić N, Dobrzyńska M, Duračková Z, Dvořáková M, Gajski G, Galati S, García Lima O, Giovannelli L, Goroshinskaya IA, Grindel A, Gutzkow KB, Hernández A, Hernández C, Holven KB, Ibero-Baraibar I, Ottestad I, Kadioglu E, Kažimirová A, Kuznetsova E, Ladeira C, Laffon B, Lamonaca P, Lebailly P, Louro H, Mandina Cardoso T, Marcon F, Marcos R, Moretti M, Moretti S, Najafzadeh M, Nemeth Z, Neri M, Novotna B, Orlow I, Paduchova Z, Pastor S, Perdry H, Spremo-Potparević B, Ramadhani D, Riso P, Rohr P, Rojas E, Rossner P, Safar A, Sardas S, Silva MJ, Sirota N, Smolkova B, Staruchova M, Stetina R, Stopper H, Surikova EI, Ulven SM, Ursini CL, Valdiglesias V, Valverde M, Vodicka P, Volkovova K, Wagner KH, Živković L, Dušinská M, Collins AR, Bonassi S. The hCOMET project: International database comparison of results with the comet assay in human biomonitoring. Baseline frequency of DNA damage and effect of main confounders. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2021; 787:108371. [PMID: 34083035 PMCID: PMC8525632 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The alkaline comet assay, or single cell gel electrophoresis, is one of the most popular methods for assessing DNA damage in human population. One of the open issues concerning this assay is the identification of those factors that can explain the large inter-individual and inter-laboratory variation. International collaborative initiatives such as the hCOMET project - a COST Action launched in 2016 - represent a valuable tool to meet this challenge. The aims of hCOMET were to establish reference values for the level of DNA damage in humans, to investigate the effect of host factors, lifestyle and exposure to genotoxic agents, and to compare different sources of assay variability. A database of 19,320 subjects was generated, pooling data from 105 studies run by 44 laboratories in 26 countries between 1999 and 2019. A mixed random effect log-linear model, in parallel with a classic meta-analysis, was applied to take into account the extensive heterogeneity of data, due to descriptor, specimen and protocol variability. As a result of this analysis interquartile intervals of DNA strand breaks (which includes alkali-labile sites) were reported for tail intensity, tail length, and tail moment (comet assay descriptors). A small variation by age was reported in some datasets, suggesting higher DNA damage in oldest age-classes, while no effect could be shown for sex or smoking habit, although the lack of data on heavy smokers has still to be considered. Finally, highly significant differences in DNA damage were found for most exposures investigated in specific studies. In conclusion, these data, which confirm that DNA damage measured by the comet assay is an excellent biomarker of exposure in several conditions, may contribute to improving the quality of study design and to the standardization of results of the comet assay in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marcello Ceppi
- Biostatistics Unit, San Martino Policlinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Bruzzone
- Biostatistics Unit, San Martino Policlinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- Department of Environmental Health, Section of Molecular Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Lovisenberggt 6, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roger Godschalk
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research, Environmental Risk and Health unit VITO - BIOMo, Belgium
| | - Sabine Langie
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, no 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Avdulla Alija
- Department of Biology, University of Prishtina, George Bush, N.N., 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Diana Anderson
- Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Bradford, Richmond Road Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Vanessa Andrade
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristina Andreoli
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Fisnik Asllani
- Department of Biology, University of Prishtina, George Bush, N.N., 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bangkoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, VersbacherStrasse 9, 97078, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Barančoková
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nursen Basaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elisa Boutet-Robinet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Delia Cavallo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene (DiMEILA), Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone(Rome), Italy
| | - Cristiana Costa Pereira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, no 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, no 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, no 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, Prédio 22/Sala 22, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristian Del Boˊ
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Vesna Dimitrijević Srećković
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 13, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ninoslav Djelić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Oslobodjenja Blvd 18, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Malgorzata Dobrzyńska
- Department of Radiation Hygiene and Radiobiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zdenka Duračková
- Institute for Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Dvořáková
- Institute for Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Serena Galati
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Omar García Lima
- Center for RadiationProtection and Hygiene, Calle 20, No 4113, e/41 y 47. Playa. C.P. 11300, La Habana, A.P. 6195, C.P. 10600, Habana, Cuba
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Irina A Goroshinskaya
- Laboratory for the Study of the Pathogenesis of Malignant Tumors, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 14 line 63, 344037, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Annemarie Grindel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristine B Gutzkow
- Department of Environmental Health, Section of Molecular Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Lovisenberggt 6, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alba Hernández
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Preclínicas "Victoria de Giron", 146 St. and 31 Ave, No 3102, Playa, Habana, Cuba
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Idoia Ibero-Baraibar
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Inger Ottestad
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ela Kadioglu
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alena Kažimirová
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Elena Kuznetsova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096, Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidade da Coruña, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247., 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierre Lebailly
- ANTICIPE Unit, INSERM &University of Caen-Normandie Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris 14076, Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - Henriqueta Louro
- Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal; ToxOmics, NMS, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tania Mandina Cardoso
- Center for RadiationProtection and Hygiene, Calle 20, No 4113, e/41 y 47. Playa. C.P. 11300, La Habana, A.P. 6195, C.P. 10600, Habana, Cuba
| | - Francesca Marcon
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Division of Dermatology, Palagi Hospital, Viale Michelangelo 41, Florence, Italy
| | - Mojgan Najafzadeh
- Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Bradford, Richmond Road Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Zsuzsanna Nemeth
- Department of Non-ionizing Radiation, National Public Health Center, Anna Street 5, 1221, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Monica Neri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247., 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Bozena Novotna
- Department of Nanotoxicolgy and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Orlow
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Zuzana Paduchova
- Institute for Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Susana Pastor
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Biljana Spremo-Potparević
- Center of Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, VojvodeStepe, 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dwi Ramadhani
- Center for Radiation Safety Technology and Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Jl. LebakBulus Raya No. 49, Kotak Pos 7043 JKSKL JakartaSelatan, 12440, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paula Rohr
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Emilio Rojas
- Genomic Medicine and EnvironmentalToxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU, Mexico
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Nanotoxicolgy and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Safar
- Department of Non-ionizing Radiation, National Public Health Center, Anna Street 5, 1221, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Semra Sardas
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Maria João Silva
- Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal; ToxOmics, NMS, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nikolay Sirota
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Staruchova
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rudolf Stetina
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, VersbacherStrasse 9, 97078, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ekaterina I Surikova
- Laboratory for the Study of the Pathogenesis of Malignant Tumors, National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 14 line 63, 344037, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cinzia Lucia Ursini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene (DiMEILA), Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone(Rome), Italy
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus A Zapateira s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mahara Valverde
- Genomic Medicine and EnvironmentalToxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU, Mexico
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Experimental Medicine, Molecular Biology of Cancer, IEM AVCR, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Volkovova
- Institute of Biology, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lada Živković
- Center of Biological Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, VojvodeStepe, 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247., 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Møller P, Stopper H, Collins AR. Measurement of DNA damage with the comet assay in high-prevalence diseases: current status and future directions. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:5-18. [PMID: 31294794 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is widely used in studies on genotoxicity testing, human biomonitoring and clinical studies. The simple version of the assay detects a mixture of DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites; these lesions are typically described as DNA strand breaks to distinguish them from oxidatively damaged DNA that are measured with the enzyme-modified comet assay. This review assesses the association between high-prevalence diseases in high-income countries and DNA damage measured with the comet assay in humans. The majority of case-control studies have assessed genotoxicity in white blood cells. Patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Alzheimer's disease have on average 2-fold higher levels of DNA strand breaks compared with healthy controls. Patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease also have 2- to 3-fold higher levels of oxidatively damaged DNA in white blood cells than controls, although there is not a clear difference in DNA damage levels between the different diseases. Case-control studies have shown elevated levels of DNA strand breaks in patients with breast cancer, whereas there are only few studies on colorectal and lung cancers. At present, it is not possible to assess if these neoplastic diseases are associated with a different level of DNA damage compared with non-neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen H, Denmark
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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44
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Chao MR, Evans MD, Hu CW, Ji Y, Møller P, Rossner P, Cooke MS. Biomarkers of nucleic acid oxidation - A summary state-of-the-art. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101872. [PMID: 33579665 PMCID: PMC8113048 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidatively generated damage to DNA has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases. Increasingly, interest is also focusing upon the effects of damage to the other nucleic acids, RNA and the (2′-deoxy-)ribonucleotide pools, and evidence is growing that these too may have an important role in disease. LC-MS/MS has the ability to provide absolute quantification of specific biomarkers, such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyGuo (8-oxodG), in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and 8-oxoGuo in RNA. However, significant quantities of tissue are needed, limiting its use in human biomonitoring studies. In contrast, the comet assay requires much less material, and as little as 5 μL of blood may be used, offering a minimally invasive means of assessing oxidative stress in vivo, but this is restricted to nuclear DNA damage only. Urine is an ideal matrix in which to non-invasively study nucleic acid-derived biomarkers of oxidative stress, and considerable progress has been made towards robustly validating these measurements, not least through the efforts of the European Standards Committee on Urinary (DNA) Lesion Analysis. For urine, LC-MS/MS is considered the gold standard approach, and although there have been improvements to the ELISA methodology, this is largely limited to 8-oxodG. Emerging DNA adductomics approaches, which either comprehensively assess the totality of adducts in DNA, or map DNA damage across the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, offer the potential to considerably advance our understanding of the mechanistic role of oxidatively damaged nucleic acids in disease. Oxidatively damaged nucleic acids are implicated in the pathogenesis of disease. LC-MS/MS, comet assay and ELISA are often used to study oxidatively damaged DNA. Urinary oxidatively damaged nucleic acids non-invasively reflect oxidative stress. DNA adductomics will aid understanding the role of ROS damaged DNA in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Rong Chao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Mark D Evans
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
| | - Chiung-Wen Hu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Yunhee Ji
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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45
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Marino M, Gigliotti L, Møller P, Riso P, Porrini M, Del Bo C. Impact of 12-month cryopreservation on endogenous DNA damage in whole blood and isolated mononuclear cells evaluated by the comet assay. Sci Rep 2021; 11:363. [PMID: 33432000 PMCID: PMC7801598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is an electrophoretic technique used to assess DNA damage, as a marker of genotoxicity and oxidative stress, in tissues and biological samples including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and whole blood (WB). Although numerous studies are performed on stored samples, the impact of cryopreservation on artifactual formation of DNA damage is not widely considered. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of storage at different time-points on the levels of strand breaks (SBs) and formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-sensitive sites in isolated PBMCs and WB. Samples were collected, aliquoted and stored at − 80 °C. DNA damage was analyzed on fresh samples, and subsequently on frozen samples every 2 months up to a year. Results have shown no changes in DNA damage in samples of PBMCs and WB stored for up to 4 months, while a significant increase in SBs and Fpg-sensitive sites was documented starting from 6-month up to 12-month storage of both the samples. In addition, fresh and frozen WB showed higher basal levels of DNA damage compared to PBMCs. In conclusion, WB samples show high levels of DNA damage compared to PBMCs. One-year of storage increased the levels of SBs and Fpg-sensitive sites especially in the WB samples. Based on these findings, the use of short storage times and PBMCs should be preferred because of low background level of DNA damage in the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Gigliotti
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Harnung Scholten R, Møller P, Jovanovic Andersen Z, Dehlendorff C, Khan J, Brandt J, Ketzel M, Knudsen LE, Mathiesen L. Telomere length in newborns is associated with exposure to low levels of air pollution during pregnancy. Environ Int 2021; 146:106202. [PMID: 33120230 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is a biomarker of biological aging that may be affected by prenatal exposure to air pollution. The aim of this study was to assess the association between prenatal exposure to air pollution and TL in maternal blood cells (leukocytes), placenta and umbilical cord blood cells, sampled immediately after birth in 296 Danish mother-child pairs from a birth cohort. Exposure data was obtained using the high-resolution and spatial-temporal air pollution modeling system DEHM-UBM-AirGIS for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NH4+, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), CO, O3, NO2, and NOx at residential and occupational addresses of the participating women for the full duration of the pregnancy. The association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and TL was investigated using distributed lag models. There were significant and positive associations between TL in umbilical cord blood cells and prenatal exposure to BC, OC, NO2, NOx, CO, and O3 during the second trimester. TL in umbilical cord blood was significantly and inversely associated with prenatal exposure to PM2.5, BC, OC, SO2, NH4+, CO and NO2 during the third trimester. There were similar inverse associations between TL from umbilical cord blood cells and air pollution exposure at the residential and occupational addresses. There were weaker or no associations between air pollution exposure and TL in placenta tissue and maternal blood cells. In conclusion, both the second and third trimesters of pregnancy are shown to be sensitive windows of exposure to air pollution affecting fetal TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Harnung Scholten
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark; Nykøbing Falster Hospital, Center for Epidemiological Research, Ejegodvej 63, DK-4800 Nykøbing, Denmark
| | - Christian Dehlendorff
- Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jibran Khan
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, POB 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Danish Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA) at University of Aarhus, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, POB 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, POB 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Lisbeth E Knudsen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Line Mathiesen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Hjort Jakobsen L, Stidsholt Roug A, Kiesbye Øvlisen A, Werenberg Marcher C, Beier Ommen H, Theilgaard-Mönch K, Møller P, Schöllkopf C, Kristensen D, Maria Henriette Naur T, Bøgsted M, Christoffer El-Galaly T, Tang Severinsen M. Temporal changes in survival among adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in the period 2000-2016: a Danish population-based study. Br J Haematol 2020; 193:482-487. [PMID: 33222154 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we quantify the progress in overall survival (OS) during the period 2000-2016 among Danish patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). This population-based study, including 3820 adult patients with AML, demonstrates a significantly improved OS over time with the 2-year age-standardised OS increasing from 22% in 2002 to 31% in 2016. The improvement in OS was exclusively seen in patients with AML aged ≥50 years, with absolute improvements in 2-year OS from 2002 to 2016 of ≥10% among patients aged 50-75 years and a small absolute increase in those aged >75 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Hjort Jakobsen
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Stidsholt Roug
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kiesbye Øvlisen
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Hans Beier Ommen
- Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Theilgaard-Mönch
- Department of Hematology and Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet and Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Hematology, Roskilde Sygehus, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Daniel Kristensen
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Bøgsted
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marianne Tang Severinsen
- Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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48
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Kermanizadeh A, Jacobsen NR, Murphy F, Powell L, Parry L, Zhang H, Møller P. A Review of the Current State of Nanomedicines for Targeting and Treatment of Cancers: Achievements and Future Challenges. Adv Therap 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fiona Murphy
- Heriot Watt University School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Leagh Powell
- Heriot Watt University School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
| | - Lee Parry
- Cardiff University European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences Cardiff CF24 4HQ UK
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun 130022 China
| | - Peter Møller
- University of Copenhagen Department of Public Health Copenhagen DK1014 Denmark
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49
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Tian S, Li K, Møller P, Ying SC, Wang L, Li Z, Roursgaard M, Liang T. Assessment of reactive oxygen species production and genotoxicity of rare earth mining dust: Implications for public health and mining management. Sci Total Environ 2020; 740:139759. [PMID: 32569908 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mining rare earth elements (REEs) can release large amounts of metal(loid)-rich dust, which can pose significant health risks to local residents. However, compared to other types of particulates, toxicity of mining dust has been largely overlooked. To provide experimental evidence on toxicity of REE mine dust, the study assessed the oxidative stress potential and genotoxicity of inhalable particles collected in a REE mining area, and associated toxicological response with source compositions. Both source types (i.e., mine and tailing area) and distances from source (i.e., industrial and residential areas) were considered when selecting the 44 sampling sites. The particle samples contained 2.3-3.5 folds higher concentrations of tested metal(loid)s than background concentrations in soil. Specially, elevated Fe, REEs, Cd, Pb were found. In spite of low cytotoxicity in lung epithelial A549 cells, there was increased cellular ROS production by of particle exposure. Samples with higher mining-originated source contributions (Provenance Index <0.3) had higher cellular ROS production (1.72 fold, 95%CI: 1.66-1.79 fold) than samples with lower mining contributions (1.58 fold, 95%CI: 1.52-1.65 fold). The factors soil (~46%), mine (~22%), and heavy metal (~20%) sources were recognized by source apportionment analysis as the main contributors to cellular ROS production; importantly, mine and heavy metal sources counted more in industrial samples. While samples generated genotoxicity, there were no differences in DNA damage between the location groups of sampling. Collectively, the results indicate that particles in mining areas may cause ROS production and DNA damage in lung cells depending on mine dust. Coupled with the long-range transportation potential of mine dust, safety measures on open pit and dust disposal sites should be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Samantha C Ying
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Møller P, Scholten RH, Roursgaard M, Krais AM. Inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity responses to biodiesel emissions in cultured mammalian cells and animals. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:383-401. [PMID: 32543270 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1762541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biodiesel fuels are alternatives to petrodiesel, especially in the transport sector where they have lower carbon footprint. Notwithstanding the environmental benefit, biodiesel fuels may have other toxicological properties than petrodiesel. Particulate matter (PM) from petrodiesel causes cancer in the lung as a consequence of delivery of genotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, oxidative stress and inflammation. We have reviewed articles from 2002 to 2019 (50% of the articles since 2015) that have described toxicological effects in terms of genotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation of biodiesel exhaust exposure in humans, animals and cell cultures. The studies have assessed first generation biodiesel from different feedstock (e.g. rapeseed and soy), certain second generation fuels (e.g. waste oil), and hydrogenated vegetable oil. It is not possible to rank the potency of toxicological effects of specific biodiesel fuels. However, exposure to biodiesel exhaust causes oxidative stress, inflammation and genotoxicity in cell cultures. Three studies in animals have not indicated genotoxicity in lung tissue. The database on oxidative stress and inflammation in animal studies is larger (13 studies); ten studies have reported increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers or inflammation, although the effects have been modest in most studies. The cell culture and animal studies have not consistently shown a different potency in effect between biodiesel and petrodiesel exhausts. Both increased and decreased potency have been reported, which might be due to differences in feedstock or combustion conditions. In conclusion, combustion products from biodiesel and petrodiesel fuel may evoke similar toxicological effects on genotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Harnung Scholten
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Annette M Krais
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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