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Naghavi M, Ong KL, Aali A, Ababneh HS, Abate YH, Abbafati C, Abbasgholizadeh R, Abbasian M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd ElHafeez S, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdelwahab A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahifar MA, Abdoun M, Abdulah DM, Abdullahi A, Abebe M, Abebe SS, Abedi A, Abegaz KH, Abhilash ES, Abidi H, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abolmaali M, Abouzid M, Aboye GB, Abreu LG, Abrha WA, Abtahi D, Abu Rumeileh S, Abualruz H, Abubakar B, Abu-Gharbieh E, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Aburuz S, Abu-Zaid A, Accrombessi MMK, Adal TG, Adamu AA, Addo IY, Addolorato G, Adebiyi AO, Adekanmbi V, Adepoju AV, Adetunji CO, Adetunji JB, Adeyeoluwa TE, Adeyinka DA, Adeyomoye OI, Admass BAA, Adnani QES, Adra S, Afolabi AA, Afzal MS, Afzal S, Agampodi SB, Agasthi P, Aggarwal M, Aghamiri S, Agide FD, Agodi A, Agrawal A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad D, Ahmad F, Ahmad MM, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi K, Ahmadzade AM, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed LA, Ahmed MS, Ahmed MS, Ahmed MB, 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K, Deng X, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Deravi N, Dereje N, Dervenis N, Dervišević E, Des Jarlais DC, Desai HD, Desai R, Devanbu VGC, Dewan SMR, Dhali A, Dhama K, Dhimal M, Dhingra S, Dhulipala VR, Dias da Silva D, Diaz D, Diaz MJ, Dima A, Ding DD, Ding H, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Dirac MA, Djalalinia S, Do THP, do Prado CB, Doaei S, Dodangeh M, Dodangeh M, Dohare S, Dokova KG, Dolecek C, Dominguez RMV, Dong W, Dongarwar D, D'Oria M, Dorostkar F, Dorsey ER, dos Santos WM, Doshi R, Doshmangir L, Dowou RK, Driscoll TR, Dsouza HL, Dsouza V, Du M, Dube J, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Duraisamy S, Durojaiye OC, Dwyer-Lindgren L, Dzianach PA, Dziedzic AM, E'mar AR, Eboreime E, Ebrahimi A, Echieh CP, Edinur HA, Edvardsson D, Edvardsson K, Efendi D, Efendi F, Effendi DE, Eikemo TA, Eini E, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, El Sayed I, Elbarazi I, Elema TB, Elemam NM, Elgar FJ, Elgendy IY, ElGohary GMT, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Huneidi W, Elilo LT, Elmeligy OAA, Elmonem MA, Elshaer M, Elsohaby I, Emeto TI, Engelbert 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Ghahramani S, Ghailan KY, Ghasemi MR, Ghasempour Dabaghi G, Ghasemzadeh A, Ghashghaee A, Ghassemi F, Ghazy RM, Ghimire A, Ghoba S, Gholamalizadeh M, Gholamian A, Gholamrezanezhad A, Gholizadeh N, Ghorbani M, Ghorbani Vajargah P, Ghoshal AG, Gill PS, Gill TK, Gillum RF, Ginindza TG, Girmay A, Glasbey JC, Gnedovskaya EV, Göbölös L, Godinho MA, Goel A, Golchin A, Goldust M, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gomes NGM, Gona PN, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Goyal A, Grada A, Graham SM, Grivna M, Grosso G, Guan SY, Guarducci G, Gubari MIM, Gudeta MD, Guha A, Guicciardi S, Guimarães RA, Gulati S, Gunawardane DA, Gunturu S, Guo C, Gupta AK, Gupta B, Gupta MK, Gupta M, Gupta RD, Gupta R, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gupta VK, Gurmessa L, Gutiérrez RA, Habibzadeh F, Habibzadeh P, Haddadi R, Hadei M, Hadi NR, Haep N, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hailu A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halboub ES, Hall BJ, Haller S, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hamilton EB, Han C, Han Q, Hanif A, Hanifi N, 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A, Lai DTC, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lam H, Lám J, Landrum KR, Lanfranchi F, Lang JJ, Langguth B, Lansingh VC, Laplante-Lévesque A, Larijani B, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lassi ZS, Latief K, Latifinaibin K, Lauriola P, Le NHH, Le TTT, Le TDT, Ledda C, Ledesma JR, Lee M, Lee PH, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YH, LeGrand KE, Leigh J, Leong E, Lerango TL, Li MC, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Z, Ligade VS, Likaka ATM, Lim LL, Lim SS, Lindstrom M, Linehan C, Liu C, Liu G, Liu J, Liu R, Liu S, Liu X, Liu X, Llanaj E, Loftus MJ, López-Bueno R, Lopukhov PD, Loreche AM, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lozano R, Lubinda J, Lucchetti G, Lugo A, Lunevicius R, Ma ZF, Maass KL, Machairas N, Machoy M, Madadizadeh F, Madsen C, Madureira-Carvalho ÁM, Maghazachi AA, Maharaj SB, Mahjoub S, Mahmoud MA, Mahmoudi A, Mahmoudi E, Mahmoudi R, Majeed A, Makhdoom IF, Malakan Rad E, Maled V, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra AK, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Mansouri P, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Maqsood S, Marasini 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Romadlon DS, Romero-Rodríguez E, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth GA, Rout HS, Roy N, Roy P, Rubagotti E, Ruela GDA, Rumisha SF, Runghien T, Rwegerera GM, Rynkiewicz A, S N C, Saad AMA, Saadatian Z, Saber K, Saber-Ayad MM, SaberiKamarposhti M, Sabour S, Sacco S, Sachdev PS, Sachdeva R, Saddik B, Saddler A, Sadee BA, Sadeghi E, Sadeghi E, Sadeghian F, Saeb MR, Saeed U, Safaeinejad F, Safi SZ, Sagar R, Saghazadeh A, Sagoe D, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Sahebkar A, Sahoo SS, Sahoo U, Sahu M, Saif Z, Sajid MR, Sakshaug JW, Salam N, Salamati P, Salami AA, Salaroli LB, Saleh MA, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salem MZY, Salimi S, Samadi Kafil H, Samadzadeh S, Samargandy S, Samodra YL, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sanna F, Santomauro DF, Santos IS, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sao Jose BP, Sarasmita MA, Saraswathy SYI, Saravanan A, Saravi B, Sarikhani Y, Sarkar T, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sathish T, Satpathy M, Sayeed A, Sayeed MA, Saylan M, Sayyah M, Scarmeas N, Schaarschmidt BM, Schlaich MP, Schlee W, Schmidt MI, Schneider IJC, Schuermans A, Schumacher AE, Schutte AE, Schwarzinger M, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Šekerija M, Selvaraj S, Senapati S, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Serban D, Sethi Y, Sha F, Shabany M, Shafaat A, Shafie M, Shah NS, Shah PA, Shah SM, Shahabi S, Shahbandi A, Shahid I, Shahid S, Shahid W, Shahsavari HR, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh A, Shaikh MA, Shakeri A, Shalash AS, Sham S, Shamim MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamshad H, Shamsi MA, Shanawaz M, Shankar A, Sharfaei S, Sharifan A, Sharifi-Rad J, Sharma R, Sharma S, Sharma U, Sharma V, Shastry RP, Shavandi A, Shayan M, Shehabeldine AME, Sheikh A, Sheikhi RA, Shen J, Shetty A, Shetty BSK, Shetty PH, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shiferaw D, Shigematsu M, Shin MJ, Shin YH, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shitaye NA, Shittu A, Shiue I, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Shokraneh F, Shokri A, Shool S, Shorofi SA, Shrestha S, Shuval K, Siddig EE, Silva JP, Silva LMLR, Silva S, Simpson CR, Singal A, Singh A, Singh BB, Singh G, Singh J, Singh NP, Singh P, Singh S, Sinha DN, Sinto R, Siraj MS, Sirota SB, Sitas F, Sivakumar S, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Sleet DA, Socea B, Sokhan A, Solanki R, Solanki S, Soleimani H, Soliman SSM, Song S, Song Y, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Soyiri IN, Spartalis M, Spearman S, Sreeramareddy CT, Srivastava VK, Stanaway JD, Stanikzai MH, Stark BA, Starnes JR, Starodubova AV, Stein C, Stein DJ, Steinbeis F, Steiner C, Steinmetz JD, Steiropoulos P, Stevanović A, Stockfelt L, Stokes MA, Stortecky S, Subramaniyan V, Suleman M, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sultana A, Sun HZ, Sun J, Sundström J, Sunkersing D, Sunnerhagen KS, Swain CK, Szarpak L, Szeto MD, Szócska M, Tabaee Damavandi P, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabatabaei Malazy O, Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Tabatabai S, Tabish M, TADAKAMADLA JYOTHI, Tadakamadla SK, Taheri Abkenar Y, Taheri Soodejani M, Taiba J, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Talukder A, Tampa M, Tamuzi JL, Tan KK, Tandukar S, Tang H, Tang HK, Tarigan IU, 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Viskadourou M, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Vo B, Vollset SE, Vongpradith A, Vos T, Vujcic IS, Vukovic R, Wafa HA, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Wang C, Wang N, Wang S, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang YP, Waqas M, Ward P, Wassie EG, Watson S, Watson SLW, Weerakoon KG, Wei MY, Weintraub RG, Weiss DJ, Westerman R, Whisnant JL, Wiangkham T, Wickramasinghe DP, Wickramasinghe ND, Wilandika A, Wilkerson C, Willeit P, Wilson S, Wojewodzic MW, Woldegebreal DH, Wolf AW, Wolfe CDA, Wondimagegene YA, Wong YJ, Wongsin U, Wu AM, Wu C, Wu F, Wu X, Wu Z, Xia J, Xiao H, Xie Y, Xu S, Xu WD, Xu X, Xu YY, Yadollahpour A, Yamagishi K, Yang D, Yang L, Yano Y, Yao Y, Yaribeygi H, Ye P, Yehualashet SS, Yesiltepe M, Yesuf SA, Yezli S, Yi S, Yigezu A, Yiğit A, Yiğit V, Yip P, Yismaw MB, Yismaw Y, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, You Y, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yu Y, Yuh FH, Zadey S, Zadnik V, Zafari N, Zakham F, Zaki N, Zaman SB, Zamora N, Zand R, Zangiabadian M, Zar HJ, Zare I, Zarrintan A, Zeariya MGM, Zeinali Z, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhao H, Zhong C, Zhou J, Zhu B, Zhu L, Ziafati M, Zielińska M, Zitoun OA, Zoladl M, Zou Z, Zuhlke LJ, Zumla A, Zweck E, Zyoud SH, Wool EE, Murray CJL. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2024:S0140-6736(24)00367-2. [PMID: 38582094 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy worldwide are valuable metrics to gauge progress in reducing mortality rates. These estimates are particularly important following large-scale mortality spikes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When systematically analysed, mortality rates and life expectancy allow comparisons of the consequences of causes of death globally and over time, providing a nuanced understanding of the effect of these causes on global populations. METHODS The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 cause-of-death analysis estimated mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) from 288 causes of death by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2021. The analysis used 56 604 data sources, including data from vital registration and verbal autopsy as well as surveys, censuses, surveillance systems, and cancer registries, among others. As with previous GBD rounds, cause-specific death rates for most causes were estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model-a modelling tool developed for GBD to assess the out-of-sample predictive validity of different statistical models and covariate permutations and combine those results to produce cause-specific mortality estimates-with alternative strategies adapted to model causes with insufficient data, substantial changes in reporting over the study period, or unusual epidemiology. YLLs were computed as the product of the number of deaths for each cause-age-sex-location-year and the standard life expectancy at each age. As part of the modelling process, uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 1000-draw distribution for each metric. We decomposed life expectancy by cause of death, location, and year to show cause-specific effects on life expectancy from 1990 to 2021. We also used the coefficient of variation and the fraction of population affected by 90% of deaths to highlight concentrations of mortality. Findings are reported in counts and age-standardised rates. Methodological improvements for cause-of-death estimates in GBD 2021 include the expansion of under-5-years age group to include four new age groups, enhanced methods to account for stochastic variation of sparse data, and the inclusion of COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality-which includes excess mortality associated with the pandemic, excluding COVID-19, lower respiratory infections, measles, malaria, and pertussis. For this analysis, 199 new country-years of vital registration cause-of-death data, 5 country-years of surveillance data, 21 country-years of verbal autopsy data, and 94 country-years of other data types were added to those used in previous GBD rounds. FINDINGS The leading causes of age-standardised deaths globally were the same in 2019 as they were in 1990; in descending order, these were, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lower respiratory infections. In 2021, however, COVID-19 replaced stroke as the second-leading age-standardised cause of death, with 94·0 deaths (95% UI 89·2-100·0) per 100 000 population. The COVID-19 pandemic shifted the rankings of the leading five causes, lowering stroke to the third-leading and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to the fourth-leading position. In 2021, the highest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa (271·0 deaths [250·1-290·7] per 100 000 population) and Latin America and the Caribbean (195·4 deaths [182·1-211·4] per 100 000 population). The lowest age-standardised death rates from COVID-19 were in the high-income super-region (48·1 deaths [47·4-48·8] per 100 000 population) and southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania (23·2 deaths [16·3-37·2] per 100 000 population). Globally, life expectancy steadily improved between 1990 and 2019 for 18 of the 22 investigated causes. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the positive effect that reductions in deaths from enteric infections, lower respiratory infections, stroke, and neonatal deaths, among others have contributed to improved survival over the study period. However, a net reduction of 1·6 years occurred in global life expectancy between 2019 and 2021, primarily due to increased death rates from COVID-19 and other pandemic-related mortality. Life expectancy was highly variable between super-regions over the study period, with southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania gaining 8·3 years (6·7-9·9) overall, while having the smallest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 (0·4 years). The largest reduction in life expectancy due to COVID-19 occurred in Latin America and the Caribbean (3·6 years). Additionally, 53 of the 288 causes of death were highly concentrated in locations with less than 50% of the global population as of 2021, and these causes of death became progressively more concentrated since 1990, when only 44 causes showed this pattern. The concentration phenomenon is discussed heuristically with respect to enteric and lower respiratory infections, malaria, HIV/AIDS, neonatal disorders, tuberculosis, and measles. INTERPRETATION Long-standing gains in life expectancy and reductions in many of the leading causes of death have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the adverse effects of which were spread unevenly among populations. Despite the pandemic, there has been continued progress in combatting several notable causes of death, leading to improved global life expectancy over the study period. Each of the seven GBD super-regions showed an overall improvement from 1990 and 2021, obscuring the negative effect in the years of the pandemic. Additionally, our findings regarding regional variation in causes of death driving increases in life expectancy hold clear policy utility. Analyses of shifting mortality trends reveal that several causes, once widespread globally, are now increasingly concentrated geographically. These changes in mortality concentration, alongside further investigation of changing risks, interventions, and relevant policy, present an important opportunity to deepen our understanding of mortality-reduction strategies. Examining patterns in mortality concentration might reveal areas where successful public health interventions have been implemented. Translating these successes to locations where certain causes of death remain entrenched can inform policies that work to improve life expectancy for people everywhere. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Cremonini E, Da Silva LME, Lanzi CR, Marino M, Iglesias DE, Oteiza PI. Anthocyanins and their metabolites promote white adipose tissue beiging by regulating mitochondria thermogenesis and dynamics. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116069. [PMID: 38387526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption and excess nutrient availability can cause alterations in mitochondrial function and dynamics. We previously showed that anthocyanins (AC) decreased HFD-induced body weight gain and fat deposition. This study investigated: i) the capacity of AC to mitigate HFD-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and thermogenesis in mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), and ii) the underlying mechanisms of action of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G), and their gut metabolites on mitochondria function/dynamics in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with palmitate. Mice were fed control or HFD diets, added or not with 40 mg AC/kg body weight (BW). Compared to control and AC-supplemented mice, HFD-fed mice had fewer sWAT mitochondria that presented alterations of their architecture. AC supplementation prevented HFD-induced decrease of proteins involved in mitochondria biogenesis (PPARγ, PRDM16 and PGC-1α), and thermogenesis (UCP-1), and decreased AMPK phosphorylation. AC supplementation also restored the alterations in sWAT mitochondrial dynamics (Drp-1, OPA1, MNF-2, and Fis-1) and mitophagy (BNIP3L/NIX) caused by HFD consumption. In mature 3T3-L1, C3G, D3G, and their metabolites protocatechuic acid (PCA), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HB), and gallic acid (GA) differentially affected palmitate-mediated decreased cAMP, PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways. C3G, D3G, and metabolites also prevented palmitate-mediated decreased expression of PPARγ, PRDM16, PGC-1α, and UCP1. Results suggest that consumption of select AC, i.e. cyanidin and delphinidin, could promote sWAT mitochondriogenesis and improve mitochondria dynamics in the context of HFD/obesity-induced dysmetabolism in part by regulating PKA, AMPK, and SIRT-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leane M E Da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Dario E Iglesias
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Marino M, Gardana C, Rendine M, Klimis-Zacas D, Riso P, Porrini M, Del Bo’ C. Nutritional and Phytochemical Characterization of Freeze-Dried Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus): A Comprehensive Analysis. Foods 2024; 13:1051. [PMID: 38611356 PMCID: PMC11011873 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of consuming red raspberries on human health thanks to their high content of phytochemicals. However, the products used in these studies, both in the raw or freeze-dried form, were not fully characterized for nutrient and phytochemical composition. In this study, we aimed to determine the nutrient and non-nutrient compounds present in a freeze-dried red raspberry powder widely used by the food industry and consumers. The main sugars identified were fructose (12%), glucose (11%), and sucrose (11%). Twelve fatty acids were detected, with linoleic acid (46%), α-linolenic acid (20%), and oleic acid (15%) being the most abundant. Regarding micronutrients, vitamin C was the main hydro-soluble vitamin, while minerals, potassium, phosphorous, copper and magnesium were the most abundant, with concentrations ranging from 9 up to 96 mg/100 g, followed by manganese, iron and zinc, detected in the range 0.1-0.9 mg/100 g. Phytochemical analysis using UHPLC-DAD-HR-MS detection revealed the presence of Sanguiin H6 (0.4%), Lambertianin C (0.05%), and Sanguiin H-10 isomers (0.9%) as the main compounds. Among anthocyanins, the most representative compounds were cyanidin-3-sophoroside, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside. Our findings can serve as a reliable resource for the food industry, nutraceutical applications and for future investigations in the context of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Claudio Gardana
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Marco Rendine
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, 232 Hitchner Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA;
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy; (C.G.); (M.R.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (C.D.B.)
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Schumacher AE, Kyu HH, Aali A, Abbafati C, Abbas J, Abbasgholizadeh R, Abbasi MA, Abbasian M, Abd ElHafeez S, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdelwahab A, Abdollahi M, Abdoun M, Abdullahi A, Abdurehman AM, Abebe M, Abedi A, Abedi A, Abegaz TM, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Abhilash ES, Abiodun OO, Aboagye RG, Abolhassani H, Abouzid M, Abreu LG, Abrha WA, Abrigo MRM, Abtahi D, Abu Rumeileh S, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Aburuz S, Abu-Zaid A, Acuna JM, Adair T, Addo IY, Adebayo OM, Adegboye OA, Adekanmbi V, Aden B, Adepoju AV, Adetunji CO, Adeyeoluwa TE, Adeyomoye OI, Adha R, Adibi A, Adikusuma W, Adnani QES, Adra S, Afework A, Afolabi AA, Afraz A, Afyouni S, Afzal S, Agasthi P, Aghamiri S, Agodi A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad D, Ahmad F, Ahmad MM, Ahmad T, Ahmadi K, Ahmadzade AM, Ahmadzade M, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed LA, Ahmed MB, Ahmed SA, Ajami M, Aji B, Ajumobi O, Akalu GT, Akara EM, Akinosoglou K, Akkala S, Akyirem S, Al Hamad H, Al Hasan SM, Al Homsi A, Al Qadire M, Ala M, Aladelusi TO, AL-Ahdal TMA, Alalalmeh SO, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam M, Alam Z, Al-amer RM, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Albashtawy M, AlBataineh MT, Aldridge RW, Alemi S, Al-Eyadhy A, Al-Gheethi AAS, Alhabib KF, Alhalaiqa FAN, Al-Hanawi MK, Ali A, Ali A, Ali BA, Ali H, Ali MU, Ali R, Ali SSS, Ali Z, Alian Samakkhah S, Alicandro G, Alif SM, Aligol M, Alimi R, Aliyi AA, Al-Jumaily A, Aljunid SM, Almahmeed W, Al-Marwani S, Al-Maweri SAA, Almazan JU, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Almidani O, Alomari MA, Alonso N, Alqahtani JS, Alqutaibi AY, Al-Sabah SK, Altaf A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Altirkawi KA, Alvi FJ, Alwafi H, Al-Worafi YM, Aly H, Alzoubi KH, Amare AT, Ameyaw EK, Amhare AF, Amin TT, Amindarolzarbi A, Aminian Dehkordi J, Amiri S, Amu H, Amugsi DA, Amzat J, Ancuceanu R, Anderlini D, Andrade PP, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Angappan D, Anil A, Anjum A, Antony CM, Antriyandarti E, Anuoluwa IA, Anwar SL, Anyasodor AE, Appiah SCY, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arabzadeh Bahri R, Arab-Zozani M, Arafat M, Araújo AM, Aravkin AY, Aremu A, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Armocida B, Arooj M, Artamonov AA, Artanti KD, Arulappan J, Aruleba IT, Aruleba RT, Arumugam A, Asaad M, Asgary S, Ashemo MY, Ashraf M, Asika MO, Athari SS, Atout MMW, Atreya A, Attia S, Aujayeb A, Avan A, Awotidebe AW, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayanore MA, Ayele GM, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Ayyoubzadeh SM, Azadnajafabad S, Azhar GS, Aziz S, Azzam AY, Babashahi M, Babu AS, Badar M, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Baghdadi S, Bagheri N, Bagherieh S, Bah S, Bahadorikhalili S, Bai J, Bai R, Baker JL, Bakkannavar SM, Bako AT, Balakrishnan S, Balogun SA, Baltatu OC, Bam K, Banach M, Bandyopadhyay S, Banik B, Banik PC, Bansal H, Barati S, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Barker-Collo SL, Barone-Adesi F, Barqawi HJ, Barr RD, Barrero LH, Basharat Z, Bashir AIJ, Bashiru HA, Baskaran P, Basnyat B, Bassat Q, Basso JD, Basu S, Batra K, Batra R, Baune BT, Bayati M, Bayileyegn NS, Beaney T, Bedi N, Begum T, Behboudi E, Behnoush AH, Beiranvand M, Bejarano Ramirez DF, Belgaumi UI, Bell ML, Bello AK, Bello MB, Bello OO, 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Sharfaei S, Sharifan A, Shariff M, Sharifi-Rad J, Sharma M, Sharma R, Sharma S, Sharma V, Shastry RP, Shavandi A, Shaw DH, Shayan AM, Shehabeldine AME, Sheikh A, Sheikhi RA, Shen J, Shenoy MM, Shetty BSK, Shetty RS, Shey RA, Shiani A, Shibuya K, Shiferaw D, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shin MJ, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shittu A, Shiue I, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Shool S, Shrestha S, Shuja KH, Shuval K, Si Y, Sibhat MM, Siddig EE, Sigfusdottir ID, Silva JP, Silva LMLR, Silva S, Simões JP, Simpson CR, Singal A, Singh A, Singh A, Singh A, Singh BB, Singh B, Singh M, Singh M, Singh NP, Singh P, Singh S, Siraj MS, Sitas F, Sivakumar S, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Sleet DA, Slepak ELN, Sohrabi H, Soleimani H, Soliman SSM, Solmi M, Solomon Y, Song Y, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Soyiri IN, Spartalis M, Sreeramareddy CT, Starnes JR, Starodubov VI, Starodubova AV, Stefan SC, Stein DJ, Steinbeis F, Steiropoulos P, Stockfelt L, Stokes MA, Stortecky S, Stranges S, Stroumpoulis K, Suleman M, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sultana A, Sun J, Sunkersing D, Susanty S, Swain CK, Sykes BL, Szarpak L, Szeto MD, Szócska M, Tabaee Damavandi P, Tabatabaei Malazy O, Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Tabatabai S, Tabb KM, Tabish M, Taborda-Barata LM, Tabuchi T, Tadesse BT, Taheri A, Taheri Abkenar Y, Taheri Soodejani M, Taherkhani A, Taiba J, Tajbakhsh A, Talaat IM, Talukder A, Tamuzi JL, Tan KK, Tang H, Tang HK, Tat NY, Tat VY, Tavakoli Oliaee R, Tavangar SM, Taveira N, Tebeje TM, Tefera YM, Teimoori M, Temsah MH, Temsah RMH, Teramoto M, Tesfaye SH, Thangaraju P, Thankappan KR, Thapa R, Thapar R, Thomas N, Thrift AG, Thum CCC, Tian J, Tichopad A, Ticoalu JHV, Tiruye TY, Tohidast SA, Tonelli M, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Tram KH, Tran NM, Trico D, Trihandini I, Tromans SJ, Truong VT, Truyen TTTT, Tsermpini EE, Tumurkhuu M, Tung K, Tyrovolas S, Ubah CS, Udoakang AJ, Udoh A, Ulhaq I, Ullah S, Ullah S, Umair M, Umar TP, Umeokonkwo CD, Umesh A, Unim B, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Urso D, Vacante M, Vahdani AM, Vaithinathan AG, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valizadeh R, Van den Eynde J, Varavikova E, Varga O, Varma SA, Vart P, Varthya SB, Vasankari TJ, Veerman LJ, Venketasubramanian N, Venugopal D, Verghese NA, Verma M, Verma P, Veroux M, Verras GI, Vervoort D, Vieira RJ, Villafañe JH, Villani L, Villanueva GI, Villeneuve PJ, Violante FS, Visontay R, Vlassov V, Vo B, Vollset SE, Volovat SR, Volovici V, Vongpradith A, Vos T, Vujcic IS, Vukovic R, Wado YD, Wafa HA, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Wang C, Wang D, Wang F, Wang S, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang YP, Ward P, Watson S, Weaver MR, Weerakoon KG, Weiss DJ, Weldemariam AH, Wells KM, Wen YF, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Wickramasinghe DP, Wickramasinghe ND, Wijeratne T, Wilson S, Wojewodzic MW, Wool EE, Woolf AD, Wu D, Wulandari RD, Xiao H, Xu B, Xu X, Yadav L, Yaghoubi S, Yang L, Yano Y, Yao Y, Ye P, Yesera GE, Yesodharan R, Yesuf SA, Yiğit A, Yiğit V, Yip P, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Younis MZ, Yu C, Zadey S, Zadnik V, Zafari N, Zahedi M, Zahid MN, Zahir M, Zakham F, Zaki N, Zakzuk J, Zamagni G, Zaman BA, Zaman SB, Zamora N, Zand R, Zandi M, Zandieh GGZ, Zanghì A, Zare I, Zastrozhin MS, Zeariya MGM, Zeng Y, Zhai C, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Zheng P, Zhong C, Zhou J, Zhu B, Zhu Z, Ziaeefar P, Zielińska M, Zou Z, Zumla A, Zweck E, Zyoud SH, Lim SS, Murray CJL. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950-2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 2024:S0140-6736(24)00476-8. [PMID: 38484753 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely estimates to understand this unprecedented event within the context of long-term population health trends. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides new demographic estimates for 204 countries and territories and 811 additional subnational locations from 1950 to 2021, with a particular emphasis on changes in mortality and life expectancy that occurred during the 2020-21 COVID-19 pandemic period. METHODS 22 223 data sources from vital registration, sample registration, surveys, censuses, and other sources were used to estimate mortality, with a subset of these sources used exclusively to estimate excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 2026 data sources were used for population estimation. Additional sources were used to estimate migration; the effects of the HIV epidemic; and demographic discontinuities due to conflicts, famines, natural disasters, and pandemics, which are used as inputs for estimating mortality and population. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate under-5 mortality rates, which synthesised 30 763 location-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 1365 surveys and censuses, and 80 other sources. ST-GPR was also used to estimate adult mortality (between ages 15 and 59 years) based on information from 31 642 location-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 355 surveys and censuses, and 24 other sources. Estimates of child and adult mortality rates were then used to generate life tables with a relational model life table system. For countries with large HIV epidemics, life tables were adjusted using independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated via an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, and other data sources. Excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 was determined by subtracting observed all-cause mortality (adjusted for late registration and mortality anomalies) from the mortality expected in the absence of the pandemic. Expected mortality was calculated based on historical trends using an ensemble of models. In location-years where all-cause mortality data were unavailable, we estimated excess mortality rates using a regression model with covariates pertaining to the pandemic. Population size was computed using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model. Life expectancy was calculated using age-specific mortality rates and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were calculated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered values from a 1000-draw posterior distribution. FINDINGS Global all-cause mortality followed two distinct patterns over the study period: age-standardised mortality rates declined between 1950 and 2019 (a 62·8% [95% UI 60·5-65·1] decline), and increased during the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020-21; 5·1% [0·9-9·6] increase). In contrast with the overall reverse in mortality trends during the pandemic period, child mortality continued to decline, with 4·66 million (3·98-5·50) global deaths in children younger than 5 years in 2021 compared with 5·21 million (4·50-6·01) in 2019. An estimated 131 million (126-137) people died globally from all causes in 2020 and 2021 combined, of which 15·9 million (14·7-17·2) were due to the COVID-19 pandemic (measured by excess mortality, which includes deaths directly due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and those indirectly due to other social, economic, or behavioural changes associated with the pandemic). Excess mortality rates exceeded 150 deaths per 100 000 population during at least one year of the pandemic in 80 countries and territories, whereas 20 nations had a negative excess mortality rate in 2020 or 2021, indicating that all-cause mortality in these countries was lower during the pandemic than expected based on historical trends. Between 1950 and 2021, global life expectancy at birth increased by 22·7 years (20·8-24·8), from 49·0 years (46·7-51·3) to 71·7 years (70·9-72·5). Global life expectancy at birth declined by 1·6 years (1·0-2·2) between 2019 and 2021, reversing historical trends. An increase in life expectancy was only observed in 32 (15·7%) of 204 countries and territories between 2019 and 2021. The global population reached 7·89 billion (7·67-8·13) people in 2021, by which time 56 of 204 countries and territories had peaked and subsequently populations have declined. The largest proportion of population growth between 2020 and 2021 was in sub-Saharan Africa (39·5% [28·4-52·7]) and south Asia (26·3% [9·0-44·7]). From 2000 to 2021, the ratio of the population aged 65 years and older to the population aged younger than 15 years increased in 188 (92·2%) of 204 nations. INTERPRETATION Global adult mortality rates markedly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, reversing past decreasing trends, while child mortality rates continued to decline, albeit more slowly than in earlier years. Although COVID-19 had a substantial impact on many demographic indicators during the first 2 years of the pandemic, overall global health progress over the 72 years evaluated has been profound, with considerable improvements in mortality and life expectancy. Additionally, we observed a deceleration of global population growth since 2017, despite steady or increasing growth in lower-income countries, combined with a continued global shift of population age structures towards older ages. These demographic changes will likely present future challenges to health systems, economies, and societies. The comprehensive demographic estimates reported here will enable researchers, policy makers, health practitioners, and other key stakeholders to better understand and address the profound changes that have occurred in the global health landscape following the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, and longer-term trends beyond the pandemic. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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5
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Caruso C, Ciasca G, Baglivo I, Di Santo R, Gasbarrini A, Firinu D, Bagnasco D, Passalacqua G, Schiappoli M, Caminati M, Canonica GW, Heffler E, Crimi C, Intravaia R, Basile V, Marino M, Colantuono S, Del Giacco S. Immunoglobulin free light chains in severe asthma patient: Could they be a new biomarker? Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38425088 DOI: 10.1111/all.16082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence is available about the presence of increased serum concentration of immunoglobulin (Ig) free light chains (FLCs) in both atopic and non-atopic inflammatory diseases, including severe asthma, providing a possible new biomarker of disease. METHODS We analyzed clinical and laboratory data, including FLCs, obtained from a cohort of 79 asthmatic subjects, clinically classified into different GINA steps. A control group of 40 age-matched healthy donors (HD) was considered. Particularly, HD have been selected according to the absence of monoclonal components (in order to exclude paraproteinemias), were tested for total IgE (that were in the normal ranges) and were negative for aeroallergens specific IgE. Moreover, no abnormality of common inflammatory markers (i.e., erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein) was detectable. RESULTS FLC-k levels were significantly increased in the asthmatic population, compared to the control group. Despite the absence of statistically significant differences in FLC-λ levels, the FLC-k/FLC-λ ratio displayed remarkable differences between the two groups. A positive correlation between FLC-κ and FLC-λ levels was found. FLC- λ level displayed a significant negative correlation with the FEV1 value. Moreover, the FLC-κ /FLC- λ ratio was negatively correlated with the SNOT-22 score and a positive correlation was observed between FLCs and Staphylococcus Aureus IgE enterotoxins sensitization. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirmed the role of FLCs in asthma as a potential biomarker in an inflammatory disease characterized by different endotypes and phenotypes. In particular, FLC-κ and FLC-k/FLC-λ ratio could be a qualitative indicator for asthma, while FLC-λ levels could be a quantitative indicator for clinical severity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Caruso
- UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ciasca
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - I Baglivo
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - R Di Santo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Gasbarrini
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D Firinu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - D Bagnasco
- Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Passalacqua
- Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Schiappoli
- Allergy and Asthma Unit, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - M Caminati
- Department of Medicine, Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G W Canonica
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy-IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - E Heffler
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy-IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - C Crimi
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - R Intravaia
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, University of Palermo, Palermo
| | - V Basile
- Clinical Pathology Unit and Cancer Biobank, Department of research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - M Marino
- Sezione di Patologia Generale, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Colantuono
- UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - S Del Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Baron G, Altomare A, Della Vedova L, Gado F, Quagliano O, Casati S, Tosi N, Bresciani L, Del Rio D, Roda G, D'Amato A, Lammi C, Macorano A, Vittorio S, Vistoli G, Fumagalli L, Carini M, Leone A, Marino M, Del Bo' C, Miotto G, Ursini F, Morazzoni P, Aldini G. Unraveling the parahormetic mechanism underlying the health-protecting effects of grapeseed procyanidins. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102981. [PMID: 38104483 PMCID: PMC10770607 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs), the predominant constituents within Grape Seed Extract (GSE), are intricate compounds composed of interconnected flavan-3-ol units. Renowned for their health-affirming properties, PACs offer a shield against a spectrum of inflammation associated diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, degenerations and possibly cancer. While monomeric and dimeric PACs undergo some absorption within the gastrointestinal tract, their larger oligomeric and polymeric counterparts are not bioavailable. However, higher molecular weight PACs engage with the colonic microbiota, fostering the production of bioavailable metabolites that undergo metabolic processes, culminating in the emergence of bioactive agents capable of modulating physiological processes. Within this investigation, a GSE enriched with polymeric PACs was employed to explore in detail their impact. Through comprehensive analysis, the present study unequivocally verified the gastrointestinal-mediated transformation of medium to high molecular weight polymeric PACs, thereby establishing the bioaccessibility of a principal catabolite termed 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone (VL). Notably, our findings, encompassing cell biology, chemistry and proteomics, converge to the proposal of the notion of the capacity of VL to activate, upon oxidation to the corresponding quinone, the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-an intricate process that incites cellular defenses and mitigates stress-induced responses, such as a challenge brought by TNFα. This mechanistic paradigm seamlessly aligns with the concept of para-hormesis, ultimately orchestrating the resilience to stress and the preservation of cellular redox equilibrium and homeostasis as benchmarks of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Della Vedova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - F Gado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - O Quagliano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 37, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - N Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - L Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - D Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - G Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A D'Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - C Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Macorano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Vittorio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - G Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Leone
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Via Sandro Botticelli 21, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - C Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - G Miotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale G. Colombo, 3, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - F Ursini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale G. Colombo, 3, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - P Morazzoni
- Divisione Nutraceutica, Distillerie Umberto Bonollo S.p.A, 35035, Mestrino, Italy
| | - G Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Perna S, Rafique A, Rondanelli M, Allehdan S, Riso P, Marino M. Effect of caper fruit (Capparis spinosa L.) consumption on liver enzymes, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, and weight loss. A systematic review and a preliminary meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115638. [PMID: 37806093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effect of caper fruit on the modulation of glycemic, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and body mass. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies in the last 10 years. RCTs with caper fruit supplementation or consumption in different cohorts of subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Type-2-Diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, and hyperlipidemia were included in this systematic review with a mean intervention duration from 2 to 12 weeks. The outcomes measured in this meta-analysis were liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), the lipid profile represented by triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC) with LDL and HDL and also, weight, and fasting blood glucose. Five randomized controlled trials, which involved a total of 178 adults, were included. According to the results, caper fruit seems to decrease liver enzymes ALT -12.29 U/L [-24.47, -0.11], AST -2.20 U/L [-4.70, 0.31]. Furthermore, the lipid profile seems to improve with a decrease in triglycerides. -11.89 mg/dL [-33.73, 9.95], LDL -4.80 mg/dL [-16.34, 6.74], HDL 0.72 mg/dL [0.10, 1.34], total cholesterol -7.83 mg/dL [-20.04, 4.38], FPG -17.93 [-42.66, 6.79], weight -1.00 kg [-1.44, -0.56]. Significant modulations were found only for ALT, HDL, and weight. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed the paucity of data available on the topic while showing the potential role of caper fruit as a promising food for improving the liver-lipid profile axis in patients with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Further studies are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Rodriguez-Garraus A, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Claudino Bastos V, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Ristori S, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Paulo Teixeira J, Marino M, Del Bo' C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Long-term cryopreservation of potassium bromate positive assay controls for measurement of oxidatively damaged DNA by the Fpg-modified comet assay: results from the hCOMET ring trial. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:264-272. [PMID: 37357815 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay is widely used for the measurement of oxidatively generated damage to DNA. However, there has not been a recommended long-term positive control for this version of the comet assay. We have investigated potassium bromate as a positive control for the Fpg-modified comet assay because it generates many Fpg-sensitive sites with a little concurrent generation of DNA strand breaks. Eight laboratories used the same procedure for the treatment of monocytic THP-1 cells with potassium bromate (0, 0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 mM) and subsequent cryopreservation in a freezing medium consisting of 50% foetal bovine serum, 40% RPMI-1640 medium, and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide. The samples were analysed by the Fpg-modified comet assay three times over a 3-year period. All laboratories obtained a positive concentration-response relationship in cryopreserved samples (linear regression coefficients ranging from 0.79 to 0.99). However, there was a wide difference in the levels of Fpg-sensitive sites between the laboratory with the lowest (4.2% Tail DNA) and highest (74% Tail DNA) values in THP-1 cells after exposure to 4.5 mM KBrO3. In an attempt to assess sources of inter-laboratory variation in Fpg-sensitive sites, comet images from one experiment in each laboratory were forwarded to a central laboratory for visual scoring. There was high consistency between measurements of %Tail DNA values in each laboratory and the visual score of the same comets done in the central laboratory (r = 0.98, P < 0.001, linear regression). In conclusion, the results show that potassium bromate is a suitable positive comet assay control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sara Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Rodriguez-Garraus A, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Claudino Bastos V, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Ristori S, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Paulo Teixeira J, Marino M, Del Bo C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. DNA strand break levels in cryopreserved mononuclear blood cell lines measured by the alkaline comet assay: results from the hCOMET ring trial. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:273-282. [PMID: 37357800 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is widely used in biomonitoring studies for the analysis of DNA damage in leukocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Rather than processing blood samples directly, it can be desirable to cryopreserve whole blood or isolated cells for later analysis by the comet assay. However, this creates concern about artificial accumulation of DNA damage during cryopreservation. In this study, 10 laboratories used standardized cryopreservation and thawing procedures of monocytic (THP-1) or lymphocytic (TK6) cells. Samples were cryopreserved in small aliquots in 50% foetal bovine serum, 40% cell culture medium, and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide. Subsequently, cryopreserved samples were analysed by the standard comet assay on three occasions over a 3-year period. Levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells were increased (four laboratories), unaltered (four laboratories), or decreased (two laboratories) by long-term storage. Pooled analysis indicates only a modest positive association between storage time and levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells (0.37% Tail DNA per year, 95% confidence interval: -0.05, 0.78). In contrast, DNA strand break levels were not increased by cryopreservation in TK6 cells. There was inter-laboratory variation in levels of DNA strand breaks in THP-1 cells (SD = 3.7% Tail DNA) and TK6 reference sample cells (SD = 9.4% Tail DNA), whereas the intra-laboratory residual variation was substantially smaller (i.e. SD = 0.4%-2.2% Tail DNA in laboratories with the smallest and largest variation). In conclusion, the study shows that accumulation of DNA strand breaks in cryopreserved mononuclear blood cell lines is not a matter of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sara Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Collia M, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Bastos VC, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Ristori S, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Teixeira JP, Marino M, Del Bo C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Inter-laboratory variation in measurement of DNA damage by the alkaline comet assay in the hCOMET ring trial. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:283-294. [PMID: 37228081 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is a simple and versatile method for measurement of DNA damage in eukaryotic cells. More specifically, the assay detects DNA migration from agarose gel-embedded nucleoids, which depends on assay conditions and the level of DNA damage. Certain steps in the comet assay procedure have substantial impact on the magnitude of DNA migration (e.g. electric potential and time of electrophoresis). Inter-laboratory variation in DNA migration levels occurs because there is no agreement on optimal assay conditions or suitable assay controls. The purpose of the hCOMET ring trial was to test potassium bromate (KBrO3) as a positive control for the formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay. To this end, participating laboratories used semi-standardized protocols for cell culture (i.e. cell culture, KBrO3 exposure, and cryopreservation of cells) and comet assay procedures, whereas the data acquisition was not standardized (i.e. staining of comets and image analysis). Segregation of the total variation into partial standard deviation (SD) in % Tail DNA units indicates the importance of cell culture procedures (SD = 10.9), comet assay procedures (SD = 12.3), staining (SD = 7.9) and image analysis (SD = 0.5) on the overall inter-laboratory variation of DNA migration (SD = 18.2). Future studies should assess sources of variation in each of these steps. On the positive side, the hCOMET ring trial demonstrates that KBrO3 is a robust positive control for the Fpg-modified comet assay. In conclusion, the hCOMET ring trial has demonstrated a high reproducibility of detecting genotoxic effects by the comet assay, but inter-laboratory variation of DNA migration levels is a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Collia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sara Ristori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Møller P, Azqueta A, Sanz-Serrano J, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Eyluel Bankoglu E, Stopper H, Claudino Bastos V, Langie SAS, Jensen A, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Teixeira JP, Marino M, Del Bo C, Riso P, Zheng C, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Visual comet scoring revisited: a guide to scoring comet assay slides and obtaining reliable results. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:253-263. [PMID: 37233347 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurement of DNA migration in the comet assay can be done by image analysis or visual scoring. The latter accounts for 20%-25% of the published comet assay results. Here we assess the intra- and inter-investigator variability in visual scoring of comets. We include three training sets of comet images, which can be used as reference for researchers who wish to use visual scoring of comets. Investigators in 11 different laboratories scored the comet images using a five-class scoring system. There is inter-investigator variation in the three training sets of comets (i.e. coefficient of variation (CV) = 9.7%, 19.8%, and 15.2% in training sets I-III, respectively). However, there is also a positive correlation of inter-investigator scoring in the three training sets (r = 0.60). Overall, 36% of the variation is attributed to inter-investigator variation and 64% stems from intra-investigator variation in scoring between comets (i.e. the comets in training sets I-III look slightly different and this gives rise to heterogeneity in scoring). Intra-investigator variation in scoring was also assessed by repeated analysis of the training sets by the same investigator. There was larger variation when the training sets were scored over a period of six months (CV = 5.9%-9.6%) as compared to 1 week (CV = 1.3%-6.1%). A subsequent study revealed a high inter-investigator variation when premade slides, prepared in a central laboratory, were stained and scored by investigators in different laboratories (CV = 105% and 18%-20% in premade slides with comets from unexposed and hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells, respectively). The results indicate that further standardization of visual scoring is desirable. Nevertheless, the analysis demonstrates that visual scoring is a reliable way of analysing DNA migration in comets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julen Sanz-Serrano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition. University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Claudino Bastos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 01-310 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo NanoToxGen, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Biología, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía - CICA, Departamento de Psicología, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Congying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrew Collins
- NorGenotech AS, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Natali P, Debbia D, Cucinelli MR, Nasillo V, Riva G, Cigliana G, Carnazzo V, Trenti T, Marino M, Basile U. A new challenge for urinary free light chains: assessment of the upper reference limit in healthy subjects. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:8915-8923. [PMID: 37782200 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Free light chains (FLCs) can be measured in both urine (uFLC) and serum (sFLC) in immunochemistry. We aim to compare FLC levels in serum and urine assessed among healthy volunteers and measured upper reference limits (URLs) of urinary FLC to creatinine ratio (uFLC/uCr) in mg/g to compare with the manufacturer's recommended URLs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility criteria: normal serum and urine FLC measure and negative serum/urinary immunofixation. Immunoturbidimetry was used to assess both κ and λ FLCs. The URLs were calculated with the 97.5th percentile of uFLC concentrations according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations. RESULTS 126 healthy subjects (median age 46 years, 62% females) met the inclusion criteria. Median concentrations of κ and λ sFLCs were similar both for males and females without significant differences. κ and λ uFLCs were significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Slower clearance for λ FLC compared to κ FLC was observed with an increased κ/λ uFLC ratio in both males and females. URLs for male and female subjects: κ uFLC mg/g uCr = 34.35 vs. 23.18, and λ uFLC mg/g uCr = 3.59 vs. 1.96, respectively compared well with manufacturer's URLs. CONCLUSIONS FLC catabolism is gender-dependent and occurs less rapidly in λ FLC than in κ FLC. The determination of the URL of uFLC, as uFLC/uCr, in healthy subjects in morning urine, proved to be consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations, but with a significant difference according to gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Natali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria e Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Modena, Modena, Italy.
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13
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Marino M, Venturi S, Rendine M, Porrini M, Gardana C, Klimis-Zacas D, Del Bo' C, Riso P. Wild blueberry ( V. angustifolium) improves TNFα-induced cell barrier permeability through claudin-1 and oxidative stress modulation in Caco-2 cells. Food Funct 2023; 14:7387-7399. [PMID: 37486007 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links the impairment of intestinal permeability (IP), a feature of the intestinal barrier, to numerous dysmetabolic and dysfunctional conditions. Several host and environmental factors, including dietary factors, can negatively and/or positively affect IP. In this regard, polyphenol-rich foods including berries have been proposed as potential IP modulators. However, the exact mechanisms involved are not yet fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a wild blueberry (WB; V. angustifolium) powder, naturally rich in polyphenols, to affect Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability and to identify the potential mechanisms in modulating the IP process. Caco-2 cells were incubated with TNF-α (10 ng mL-1), as a pro-inflammatory stimulus, and supplemented for 24 hours with different concentrations (1 and 5 mg mL-1) of WB powder. The integrity of the intestinal cell monolayer was evaluated by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the paracellular transport of FITC-dextran. In addition, the production of the tight junction proteins, such as claudin-1 and occludin, as well as protein carbonyl and 8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine, as oxidative stress markers, were quantified in the supernatant by ELISA kits. Overall, the treatment with WB powder (5 mg mL-1) mitigated the loss of Caco-2 cell barrier integrity, as documented by an increase in TEER and a reduction in FITC values. This modulation was accompanied by an upregulation of claudin-1 and a reduction of 8-OHdG. Conversely, no effect was documented for the lower concentration (1 mg mL-1) and the other IP markers, as well as oxidative stress markers analysed. In conclusion, our findings suggest a potential role of WB in the modulation of cell barrier integrity. This modulation process could be attributed to an increase in claudin-1 expression and a reduction in 8-OHdG. Further studies should be performed to corroborate the results obtained. In addition, since the effects were observed at doses of WB achievable with the diet, these findings should be substantiated also through in vivo approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marco Rendine
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Claudio Gardana
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, DeFENS - Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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14
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Martini D, Marino M, Del Bo' C. Berries and Human Health: Mechanisms and Evidence. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112527. [PMID: 37299490 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Berry fruits (e [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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15
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Ahmed B, Freije A, Omran A, Rondanelli M, Marino M, Perna S. Human Milk Fatty Acid Composition and Its Effect on Preterm Infants' Growth Velocity. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:939. [PMID: 37371171 DOI: 10.3390/children10060939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the fatty acid content in human milk and to find its relationship with the growth velocity of preterm infants. Mature milk samples from 15 mothers of preterm infants were collected from three different hospitals, followed by lipid extraction, fatty acid methylation, and finally gas chromatography analysis to determine the fatty acids composition. The average total lipid content was 3.61 ± 1.57 g/100 mL with the following classes of fatty acids: saturated fatty acids 43.54 ± 11.16%, unsaturated fatty acids 52.22 ± 10.89%, in which monounsaturated fatty acids were 36.52 ± 13.90%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 15.70 ± 7.10%. Polyunsaturated fatty acid sub-class n-6 was 15.23 ± 8.23% and n-3 was 0.46 ± 0.18%. Oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid were the most abundant fatty acids. The n-6/n-3 ratio was 32.83:1. EPA and DHA fatty acids were not detected. As gestational age and birth weight increase, C20:2n6 content increases. The growth velocity increases with the decrement in C16 and increment in C20:2n6. The lipid profile of preterm human milk was found to be low in some essential fatty acids, which may affect the quality of preterm infants' nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Afnan Freije
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Amina Omran
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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16
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Del Bo' C, Perna S, Allehdan S, Rafique A, Saad S, AlGhareeb F, Rondanelli M, Tayyem RF, Marino M, Martini D, Riso P. Does the Mediterranean Diet Have Any Effect on Lipid Profile, Central Obesity and Liver Enzymes in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Subjects? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102250. [PMID: 37242133 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) subjects has been evaluated in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effects of MD intervention in a cohort of NAFLD patients targeting specific markers such as central obesity, lipid profile, liver enzymes and fibrosis, and intrahepatic fat (IHF). Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were explored to collect relevant studies from the last 10 years. RCTs with NAFLD subjects were included in this systematic review with a mean intervention duration from 6 weeks to 1 year, and different intervention strategies, mainly including energy restriction MD (normal or low glycaemic index), low-fat MD with increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and increased exercise expenditure. The outcomes measured in this meta-analysis were gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), waist circumference (WC), and liver fibrosis. Ten randomized controlled trials, which involved a total of 737 adults with NAFLD, were included. According to the results, the MD seems to decrease the liver stiffness (kPa) by -0.42 (CI95% -0.92, 0.09) (p = 0.10) and significantly reduce the TC by -0.46 mg/dl (CI95% -0.55, -0.38) (p = 0.001), while no significant findings were documented for liver enzymes and WC among patients with NAFLD. In conclusion, the MD might reduce indirect and direct outcomes linked with NAFLD severity, such as TC, liver fibrosis, and WC, although it is important to consider the variations across trials. Further RCTs are necessary to corroborate the findings obtained and provide further evidence on the role of the MD in the modulation of other disorders related to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Sara Saad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Fahad AlGhareeb
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Reema F Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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17
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Venturi S, Marino M, Cioffi I, Martini D, Del Bo' C, Perna S, Riso P, Klimis-Zacas D, Porrini M. Berry Dietary Interventions in Metabolic Syndrome: New Insights. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081906. [PMID: 37111125 PMCID: PMC10142833 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a group of dysmetabolic conditions, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and/or insulin resistance, and hypertension. Generally, MetS is accompanied by an exacerbation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction. Increasing evidence suggests that berries and berry bioactives could play a potential role in the prevention and mitigation of the risk factors associated with MetS. The present systematic review summarizes the more recently available evidence deriving from human intervention studies investigating the effect of berries in subjects with at least three out of five MetS parameters. The PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched from January 2010 until December 2022. A total of 17 human intervention trials met the inclusion criteria. Most of them were focused on blueberry (n = 6), cranberry (n = 3), and chokeberry (n = 3), while very few or none were available for the other berries. If considering MetS features, the main positive effects were related to lipid profile (low and high-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides) following blueberries and chokeberries, while conflicting results were documented for anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels. Other markers analyzed within the studies included vascular function, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Here, the main positive effects were related to inflammation with a reduction in interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha following the intake of different berries. In conclusion, although limited, the evidence seems to support a potential role for berries in the modulation of lipid profile and inflammation in subjects with MetS. Furthermore, high-quality intervention trials are mandatory to demonstrate the role of berries in reducing risk factors for MetS and related conditions. In the future, such a demonstration could bring the adoption of berries as a potential dietary strategy to prevent/counteract MetS and related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Venturi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Iolanda Cioffi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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18
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Martini D, Marino M, Venturi S, Tucci M, Klimis-Zacas D, Riso P, Porrini M, Del Bo' C. Blueberries and their bioactives in the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and cardio/vascular function markers: a systematic review of human intervention studies. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109154. [PMID: 36150681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Blueberries represent a rich source of (poly)phenols and other bioactive compounds. Numerous in vitro and animal model studies documented the potential health-promoting properties of blueberries and blueberry-bioactives, while little is still known about their effects in humans. The objective of the present systematic review is to provide main evidence and the potential mechanisms of action of blueberry and its (poly)phenols in the regulation of markers related to oxidative stress, inflammation, vascular and cardiometabolic function in health and disease states. A total of 45 human intervention studies were included in this review. Overall, the evidence suggests that blueberries may play a role in the improvement of markers of vascular function. Their effects were observed following both post-prandial and long-term consumption, particularly in subjects with risk factors and/or disease conditions. Conversely, the conflicting results on inflammation, oxidative stress and cardiometabolic risk markers were most likely due to differences among studies in terms of study design, subject characteristics, duration of intervention, dosage, and type of biomarkers analyzed. For these reasons, high-quality, well-designed, human intervention studies are warranted to strengthen the current findings on vascular function and provide more evidence about the impact of blueberries on the different markers considered. In addition, studies focusing on the relationship between the structure and the function of (poly)phenols will be fundamental for a better comprehension of the mechanisms behind the health effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Tucci
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Milan, Italy
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19
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Nadarajah R, Ludman P, Appelman Y, Brugaletta S, Budaj A, Bueno H, Huber K, Kunadian V, Leonardi S, Lettino M, Milasinovic D, Gale CP, Budaj A, Dagres N, Danchin N, Delgado V, Emberson J, Friberg O, Gale CP, Heyndrickx G, Iung B, James S, Kappetein AP, Maggioni AP, Maniadakis N, Nagy KV, Parati G, Petronio AS, Pietila M, Prescott E, Ruschitzka F, Van de Werf F, Weidinger F, Zeymer U, Gale CP, Beleslin B, Budaj A, Chioncel O, Dagres N, Danchin N, Emberson J, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Gray A, Kayikcioglu M, Maggioni AP, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Petronio AP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Wallentin L, Zeymer U, Popescu BA, Adlam D, Caforio ALP, Capodanno D, Dweck M, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Hausleiter J, Iung B, Kayikcioglu M, Ludman P, Lund L, Maggioni AP, Matskeplishvili S, Meder B, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Neglia D, Pasquet AA, Roos-Hesselink JW, Rossello FJ, Shaheen SM, Torbica A, Gale CP, Ludman PF, Lettino M, Bueno H, Huber K, Leonardi S, Budaj A, Milasinovic (Serbia) D, Brugaletta S, Appelman Y, Kunadian V, Al Mahmeed WAR, Kzhdryan H, Dumont C, Geppert A, Bajramovic NS, Cader FA, Beauloye C, Quesada D, Hlinomaz O, Liebetrau C, Marandi T, Shokry K, Bueno H, Kovacevic M, Crnomarkovic B, Cankovic M, Dabovic D, Jarakovic M, Pantic T, Trajkovic M, Pupic L, Ruzicic D, Cvetanovic D, Mansourati J, Obradovic I, Stankovic M, Loh PH, Kong W, Poh KK, Sia CH, Saw K, Liška D, Brozmannová D, Gbur M, Gale CP, Maxian R, Kovacic D, Poznic NG, Keric T, Kotnik G, Cercek M, Steblovnik K, Sustersic M, Cercek AC, Djokic I, Maisuradze D, Drnovsek B, Lipar L, Mocilnik M, Pleskovic A, Lainscak M, Crncic D, Nikojajevic I, Tibaut M, Cigut M, Leskovar B, Sinanis T, Furlan T, Grilj V, Rezun M, Mateo VM, Anguita MJF, Bustinza ICM, Quintana RB, Cimadevilla OCF, Fuertes J, Lopez F, Dharma S, Martin MD, Martinez L, Barrabes JA, Bañeras J, Belahnech Y, Ferreira-Gonzalez I, Jordan P, Lidon RM, Mila L, Sambola A, Orvin K, Sionis A, Bragagnini W, Cambra AD, Simon C, Burdeus MV, Ariza-Solé A, Alegre O, Alsina M, Ferrando JIL, Bosch X, Sinha A, Vidal P, Izquierdo M, Marin F, Esteve-Pastor MA, Tello-Montoliu A, Lopez-Garcia C, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Gil-Pérez P, Nicolas-Franco S, Keituqwa I, Farhan HA, Silva L, Blasco A, Escudier JM, Ortega J, Zamorano JL, Sanmartin M, Pereda DC, Rincon LM, Gonzalez P, Casado T, Sadeghipour P, Lopez-Sendon JL, Manjavacas AMI, Marin LAM, Sotelo LR, Rodriguez SOR, Bueno H, Martin R, Maruri R, Moreno G, Moris C, Gudmundsdottir I, Avanzas P, Ayesta A, Junco-Vicente A, Cubero-Gallego H, Pascual I, Sola NB, Rodriguez OA, Malagon L, Martinez-Basterra J, Arizcuren AM, Indolfi C, Romero J, Calleja AG, Fuertes DG, Crespín Crespín M, Bernal FJC, Ojeda FB, Padron AL, Cabeza MM, Vargas CM, Yanes G, Kitai T, Gonzalez MJG, Gonzalez Gonzalez J, Jorge P, De La Fuente B, Bermúdez MG, Perez-Lopez CMB, Basiero AB, Ruiz AC, Pamias RF, Chamero PS, Mirrakhimov E, Hidalgo-Urbano R, Garcia-Rubira JC, Seoane-Garcia T, Arroyo-Monino DF, Ruiz AB, Sanz-Girgas E, Bonet G, Rodríguez-López J, Scardino C, De Sousa D, Gustiene O, Elbasheer E, Humida A, Mahmoud H, Mohamed A, Hamid E, Hussein S, Abdelhameed M, Ali T, Ali Y, Eltayeb M, Philippe F, Ali M, Almubarak E, Badri M, Altaher S, Alla MD, Dellborg M, Dellborg H, Hultsberg-Olsson G, Marjeh YB, Abdin A, Erglis A, Alhussein F, Mgazeel F, Hammami R, Abid L, Bahloul A, Charfeddine S, Ellouze T, Canpolat U, Oksul M, Muderrisoglu H, Popovici M, Karacaglar E, Akgun A, Ari H, Ari S, Can V, Tuncay B, Kaya H, Dursun L, Kalenderoglu K, Tasar O, Kalpak O, Kilic S, Kucukosmanoglu M, Aytekin V, Baydar O, Demirci Y, Gürsoy E, Kilic A, Yildiz Ö, Arat-Ozkan A, Sinan UY, Dagva M, Gungor B, Sekerci SS, Zeren G, Erturk M, Demir AR, Yildirim C, Can C, Kayikcioglu M, Yagmur B, Oney S, Xuereb RG, Sabanoglu C, Inanc IH, Ziyrek M, Sen T, Astarcioglu MA, Kahraman F, Utku O, Celik A, Surmeli AO, Basaran O, Ahmad WAW, Demirbag R, Besli F, Gungoren F, Ingabire P, Mondo C, Ssemanda S, Semu T, Mulla AA, Atos JS, Wajid I, Appelman Y, Al Mahmeed WAR, Atallah B, Bakr K, Garrod R, Makia F, Eldeeb F, Abdekader R, Gomaa A, Kandasamy S, Maruthanayagam R, Nadar SK, Nakad G, Nair R, Mota P, Prior P, Mcdonald S, Rand J, Schumacher N, Abraheem A, Clark M, Coulding M, Qamar N, Turner V, Negahban AQ, Crew A, Hope S, Howson J, Jones S, Lancaster N, Nicholson A, Wray G, Donnelly P, Gierlotka M, Hammond L, Hammond S, Regan S, Watkin R, Papadopoulos C, Ludman P, Hutton K, Macdonald S, Nilsson A, Roberts S, Monteiro S, Garg S, Balachandran K, Mcdonald J, Singh R, Marsden K, Davies K, Desai H, Goddard W, Iqbal N, Chalil S, Dan GA, Galasko G, Assaf O, Benham L, Brown J, Collins S, Fleming C, Glen J, Mitchell M, Preston S, Uttley A, Radovanovic M, Lindsay S, Akhtar N, Atkinson C, Vinod M, Wilson A, Clifford P, Firoozan S, Yashoman M, Bowers N, Chaplin J, Reznik EV, Harvey S, Kononen M, Lopesdesousa G, Saraiva F, Sharma S, Cruddas E, Law J, Young E, Hoye A, Harper P, Balghith M, Rowe K, Been M, Cummins H, French E, Gibson C, Abraham JA, Hobson S, Kay A, Kent M, Wilkinson A, Mohamed A, Clark S, Duncan L, Ahmed IM, Khatiwada D, Mccarrick A, Wanda I, Read P, Afsar A, Rivers V, Theobald T, Cercek M, Bell S, Buckman C, Francis R, Peters G, Stables R, Morgan M, Noorzadeh M, Taylor B, Twiss S, Widdows P, Brozmannová D, Wilkinson V, Black M, Clark A, Clarkson N, Currie J, George L, Mcgee C, Izzat L, Lewis T, Omar Z, Aytekin V, Phillips S, Ahmed F, Mackie S, Oommen A, Phillips H, Sherwood M, Aleti S, Charles T, Jose M, Kolakaluri L, Ingabire P, Karoudi RA, Deery J, Hazelton T, Knight A, Price C, Turney S, Kardos A, Williams F, Wren L, Bega G, Alyavi B, Scaletta D, Kunadian V, Cullen K, Jones S, Kirkup E, Ripley DP, Matthews IG, Mcleod A, Runnett C, Thomas HE, Cartasegna L, Gunarathne A, Burton J, King R, Quinn J, Sobolewska J, Munt S, Porter J, Christenssen V, Leng K, Peachey T, Gomez VN, Temple N, Wells K, Viswanathan G, Taneja A, Cann E, Eglinton C, Hyams B, Jones E, Reed F, Smith J, Beltrano C, Affleck DC, Turner A, Ward T, Wilmshurst N, Stirrup J, Brunton M, Whyte A, Smith S, Murray V, Walker R, Novas V, Weston C, Brown C, Collier D, Curtis K, Dixon K, Wells T, Trim F, Ghosh J, Mavuri M, Barman L, Dumont C, Elliott K, Harrison R, Mallinson J, Neale T, Smith J, Toohie J, Turnbull A, Parker E, Hossain R, Cheeseman M, Balparda H, Hill J, Hood M, Hutchinson D, Mellows K, Pendlebury C, Storey RF, Barker J, Birchall K, Denney H, Housley K, Cardona M, Middle J, Kukreja N, Gati S, Kirk P, Lynch M, Srinivasan M, Szygula J, Baker P, Cruz C, Derigay J, Cigalini C, Lamb K, Nembhard S, Price A, Mamas M, Massey I, Wain J, Delaney J, Junejo S, Martin K, Obaid D, Hoyle V, Brinkworth E, Davies C, Evans D, Richards S, Thomas C, Williams M, Dayer M, Mills H, Roberts K, Goodchild F, Dámaso ES, Greig N, Kundu S, Donaldson D, Tonks L, Beekes M, Button H, Hurford F, Motherwell N, Summers-Wall J, Felmeden D, Tapia V, Keeling P, Sheikh U, Yonis A, Felmeden L, Hughes D, Micklewright L, Summerhayes A, Sutton J, Panoulas V, Prendergast C, Poghosyan K, 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S, Popescu MI, Cozma A, Babes EE, Rus M, Ardelean A, Larisa R, Moisi M, Ban E, Buzle A, Filimon G, Dobreanu D, Lupu S, Mitre A, Rudzik R, Sus I, Opris D, Somkereki C, Mornos C, Petrescu L, Betiu A, Volcescu A, Ioan O, Luca C, Maximov D, Mosteoru S, Pascalau L, Roman C, Brie D, Crisan S, Erimescu C, Falnita L, Gaita D, Gheorghiu M, Levashov S, Redkina M, Novitskii N, Dementiev E, Baglikov A, Zateyshchikov D, Zubova E, Rogozhina A, Salikov A, Nikitin I, Reznik EV, Komissarova MS, Shebzukhova M, Shitaya K, Stolbova S, Larina V, Akhmatova F, Chuvarayan G, Arefyev MN, Averkov OV, Volkova AL, Sepkhanyan MS, Vecherko VI, Meray I, Babaeva L, Goreva L, Pisaryuk A, Potapov P, Teterina M, Ageev F, Silvestrova G, Fedulaev Y, Pinchuk T, Staroverov I, Kalimullin D, Sukhinina T, Zhukova N, Ryabov V, Kruchinkina E, Vorobeva D, Shevchenko I, Budyak V, Elistratova O, Fetisova E, Islamov R, Ponomareva E, Khalaf H, Shaimaa AA, Kamal W, Alrahimi J, Elshiekh A, Balghith M, Ahmed A, Attia N, Jamiel AA, Potpara T, Marinkovic M, Mihajlovic M, Mujovic N, Kocijancic A, Mijatovic Z, Radovanovic M, Matic D, Milosevic A, Savic L, Subotic I, Uscumlic A, Zlatic N, Antonijevic J, Vesic O, Vucic R, Martinovic SS, Kostic T, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Stanojevic D, Petrovic M. Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI) Registry. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2022; 9:8-15. [PMID: 36259751 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) Registry aims to identify international patterns in NSTEMI management in clinical practice and outcomes against the 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without ST-segment-elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutively hospitalised adult NSTEMI patients (n = 3620) were enrolled between 11 March 2019 and 6 March 2021, and individual patient data prospectively collected at 287 centres in 59 participating countries during a two-week enrolment period per centre. The registry collected data relating to baseline characteristics, major outcomes (in-hospital death, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and 30-day mortality) and guideline-recommended NSTEMI care interventions: electrocardiogram pre- or in-hospital, pre-hospitalization receipt of aspirin, echocardiography, coronary angiography, referral to cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation advice, dietary advice, and prescription on discharge of aspirin, P2Y12 inhibition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, and statin. CONCLUSION The EORP NSTEMI Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for NSTEMI, which will provide unique insights into the contemporary management of hospitalised NSTEMI patients, compliance with ESC 2015 NSTEMI Guidelines, and identify potential barriers to optimal management of this common clinical presentation associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nadarajah
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Ludman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yolande Appelman
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Brugaletta
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hector Bueno
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic Ottakring (Wilhelminenhospital), Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sergio Leonardi
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Lettino
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Dejan Milasinovic
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia and Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
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20
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Del Bo’ C, Tucci M, Martini D, Marino M, Bertoli S, Battezzati A, Porrini M, Riso P. Acute effect of blueberry intake on vascular function in older subjects: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275132. [PMID: 36454906 PMCID: PMC9714894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease which is often accompanied by a decline in vascular health and function. Current evidence suggests that berries may have a potential role in the modulation of vascular function, but dietary interventions are still needed to confirm findings, especially in older subjects. In the context of the MIND FoodS HUB project, this study aims to investigate the effect of a single serving of blueberry (250 g of blueberry versus a control product) in a group of older subjects (≥ 60y) through a randomized, controlled, cross-over dietary intervention trial. Specifically, the study evaluates the absorption kinetics of bioactives following the blueberries intake and the effects on markers related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular function analyzed at different time points. By considering a drop-out rate estimate of 25%, at least 20 subjects will be recruited in the study. The study will provide evidence to support the potential beneficial effects of blueberry and its bioactive compounds on vascular function in a group of population more susceptible to vascular dysfunction and to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the study will contribute the analysis of several metabolic and functional markers that can support the biological plausibility of the results obtained. Finally, the trial will provide data on the absorption and metabolism of blueberry bioactives which will be used to study their association with the different markers under study. Trail registration: The trial is registered at ISRCTN (http://isrctn.com/ISRCTN18262533); May 7, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Del Bo’
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Tucci
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail:
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21
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Speciani MC, Cintolo M, Marino M, Oren M, Fiori F, Gargari G, Riso P, Ciafardini C, Mascaretti F, Parpinel M, Airoldi A, Vangeli M, Leone P, Cantù P, Lagiou P, Del Bo’ C, Vecchi M, Carnevali P, Oreggia B, Guglielmetti S, Bonzi R, Bonato G, Ferraroni M, La Vecchia C, Penagini R, Mutignani M, Rossi M. Flavonoid Intake in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Risk and Blood Bacterial DNA. Nutrients 2022; 14:4516. [PMID: 36364779 PMCID: PMC9653960 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids have been inversely associated to colorectal cancer (CRC) and are plausible intermediaries for the relation among gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and CRC. We analyzed the relation of flavonoid intake with CRC and blood bacterial DNA. We conducted a case-control study in Italy involving 100 incident CRC cases and 200 controls. A valid and reproducible food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary habits and to estimate six flavonoid subclass intakes. We applied qPCR and 16S rRNA gene profiling to assess blood bacterial DNA. We used multiple logistic regression to derive odds ratios (ORs) of CRC and Mann-Whitney and chi--square tests to evaluate abundance and prevalence of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) according to flavonoid intakes. Inverse associations with CRC were found for anthocyanidins (OR for the highest versus the lowest tertile = 0.24, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.11-0.52) and flavanones (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.08-0.42). We found different abundance and prevalence according to anthocyanidin and flavanone intake for OTUs referring to Oligoflexales order, Diplorickettsiaceae family, Staphylococcus, Brevundimonas, Pelomonas and Escherischia-Shigella genera, and Flavobacterium and Legionella species. The study provides evidence to a protective effect of dietary anthocyanidins and flavanones on CRC and suggests an influence of flavonoids on blood bacterial DNA, possibly through intestinal permeability changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carola Speciani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Cintolo
- Digestive and Interventional Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maya Oren
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Clorinda Ciafardini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Mascaretti
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Aldo Airoldi
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Vangeli
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Leone
- General Surgery Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cantù
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-115 27 Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Carnevali
- Division of Minimally–Invasive Surgical Oncology, Niguarda Cancer Center, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Oreggia
- General Surgery Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Bonzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonato
- Digestive and Interventional Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Penagini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mutignani
- Digestive and Interventional Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Rossi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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22
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Tucci M, Martini D, Marino M, Del Bo’ C, Vinelli V, Biscotti P, Parisi C, De Amicis R, Battezzati A, Bertoli S, Porrini M, Riso P. The Environmental Impact of an Italian-Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Based on the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (EAT-IT). Foods 2022; 11:foods11213352. [PMID: 36359965 PMCID: PMC9658895 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The definition of a healthy and sustainable diet is nowadays considered pivotal, but data related to environmental outcomes are still debated. In this study, we compared the carbon (CF) and water footprints (WF) of an Italian-Mediterranean (EAT-IT) dietary pattern designed on the “Planetary diet”, with a pattern based on the Italian Dietary Guidelines (IDG). The influence of different food categories and food choices on environmental impact was assessed. To this aim, weekly dietary patterns were developed, considering food categories and related portions and frequencies of consumption. Results show that the EAT-IT dietary pattern, compared to the IDG, had a significantly lower CF (2.82 ± 1.07 and 3.74 ± 0.92 kg CO2/day, respectively) but not WF. Protein-rich foods were the main contributors to CF and WF in both dietary patterns. The increased substitution of frozen instead of fresh foods, imported instead of local fruits, greenhouse-grown instead of seasonal vegetables, and processed legume-based foods instead of unprocessed legumes caused an increasing worsening of the CF in both patterns, but with different magnitudes. Our analysis indicated that the EAT-IT dietary pattern can be considered sustainable for CF, but individual choices are likely to largely affect the final environmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Tucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vinelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Biscotti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Parisi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ramona De Amicis
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Kukavica D, Mazzanti A, Trancuccio A, Giannini G, Marino M, Memmi M, Gambelli P, Bloise R, Morini M, Ortiz-Genga M, Napolitano C, Priori SG. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: risk modulators in patients treated with beta-blockers. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Due to the catecholaminergic nature of arrhythmias that define the Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT), beta-blockers (BBs) represent the first line therapy for this severe arrhythmogenic syndrome. Despite optimal BB therapy, a proportion of patients continue to suffer breakthrough life-threatening arrhythmias (LAE).
Purpose
To evaluate the role different classes of BBs (β1-selective vs. non-selective) in LAE reduction and to identify risk factors for breakthrough LAE while on BB monotherapy.
Methods
We studied 238 consecutive patients with CPVT and treated with BB monotherapy followed-up prospectively. CPVT was diagnosed according to the 2015 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines. The endpoint was the occurrence of the first LAE (sudden cardiac death, aborted cardiac arrest, or hemodynamically non-tolerated ventricular tachycardia) in BB monotherapy. The follow-up for each patient was calculated from BB therapy start to the occurrence of the endpoint, death from non-arrhythmic cause, the date of last visit, or the initiation of other treatments (i.e.: other antiarrhythmics or left cardiac sympathetic denervation [LCSD]), whichever occurred first.
Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effects of history of LAE before diagnosis of CPVT, occurrence of unexplained syncope before diagnosis of CPVT, genotype, and type of BB therapy, as a time-dependent variable, on the risk of experiencing an LAE during BB monotherapy.
Results
We enrolled 238 CPVT patients (135 probands, 135 females): 226 with typical CPVT (n=216 RYR2; n=10 CASQ2) and 12 with atypical CPVT (n=5 RYR2-Loss-of-Function, n=4 TRDN and n=3 TECRL).
Prior to BB monotherapy, 48/238 (20%) patients had survived an LAE, and 110/238 (46%) patients had experienced an unexplained syncope.
During 1,629 person-years of follow-up during BB monotherapy, 35 patients experienced an LAE (annual LAE rate 2.1%, 95% CI: 1.5%–3.0%; Figure A). Five-year cumulative probability of experiencing an LAE during BB monotherapy was 11.9% (95% CI: 7.0%-16.6%). In this population, multivariable analysis showed that history of LAE before diagnosis (HR 3.6; 95% CI: 1.6–8.1; p=0.002) and syncope before diagnosis (HR 6.1; 95% CI: 2.5–14.9; p<0.001) were clinical risk factors for LAE occurrence. Patients with TRDN mutations were significantly more likely to suffer LAE (HR 20.9; 95% CI: 2.2–196.3; p=0.008). Using nadolol as the gold standard, the use of β1-selective BBs (HR 3.4; 95% CI: 1.4–8.6; p=0.009), but not propranolol (HR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.2–3.8; p=0.887), was associated with poorer outcome during BB monotherapy (Figure B).
Conclusions
In patients with CPVT, selective BBs are associated with a higher risk of LAE as compared to nadolol. Patients who have survived an LAE and/or experienced an unexplained syncope prior to diagnosis, as well as carriers of TRDN mutations are at high risk of BB failure.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ricerca Corrente Funding scheme of the Italian Ministry of Health and Italian Ministry of Research and University Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia).
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Trancuccio A, Mazzanti A, Kukavica D, Giannini G, Memmi M, Gambelli P, Bloise R, Marino M, Morini M, Ortiz-Genga M, Napolitano C, Priori SG. Natural History of Patients with Typical and Atypical Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Recently, a novel genetic-based classification for Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) has been proposed to distinguish “typical” (RYR2 and CASQ2 genes) and “atypical” (TRDN, TECRL, CALM1–3, RYR2 loss-of-function [RYR2-LoF]) CPVT variants. Although some genetic forms were reported as malignant forms of CPVT, natural history data comparing typical and atypical CPVT variants are lacking.
Purpose
We compared the natural history of “typical” and “atypical” forms of CPVT in a large cohort of patients with genetically confirmed CPVT.
Methods
CPVT was diagnosed according to the criteria defined in the 2015 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines. Based on the genetic background, we classified the patients in two groups: 1) “Typical” CPVT (i.e., carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations in RYR2 and CASQ2 genes); 2) “Atypical” CPVT (i.e., carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations in TRDN, TECRL, CALM1–3 and RYR2-LoF). Patients with mutations in the CALM1, CALM2 or CALM3 were not identified in our cohort. The outcome was the occurrence of a life-threatening arrhythmic event (LAE), defined as: sudden cardiac death, aborted cardiac arrest or hemodynamically non-tolerated ventricular tachycardia. The Kaplan-Meier life-table method was used to determine the cumulative probability of experiencing a first LAE before the age of 40 years and in the absence of treatment. Outcomes in two groups were compared using the log-rank test.
Results
The study cohort included 238 patients (56% females, median age at diagnosis 14 years [IQR: 9–28 years]), of whom 226/238 (95%) patients with “typical” CPVT (216 RYR2, 10 CASQ2), and 12/238 (5%) patients with “atypical” CPVT (5 RYR2-LoF, 4 TRDN, 3 TECRL). In the entire population, the cumulative probability of experiencing a first LAE between birth and the diagnosis of CPVT was 2.3%, 21.2 and 40.8% at 5, 20, and 40 years, respectively. At any given age, the probability of a first LAE in the absence of therapy was significantly higher in patients with atypical CPVT (25%, 36%, and 100% at 5, 20, and 40 years, respectively), as compared to patients with typical CPVT (1%, 20%, and 39% at 5, 20, and 40 years, respectively; p=0.003, Figure 1). Patients with atypical CPVT suffered LAEs in early childhood (i.e., by the age of 5 years) significantly more often than patients with typical CPVT (3/5 patients [60%] in atypical CPVT vs. 2/43 patients [5%] in typical CPVT, p<0.001; Figure 2).
Conclusions
The natural history of CPVT is modulated by the genetic cause. Atypical CPVT variants are rare but are characterized by a worse outcome and a greater likelihood of experiencing an LAE since the early childhood, as compared to typical CPVT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ricerca Corrente funding scheme of the Italian Ministry of Health
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - M Memmi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS , Pavia , Italy
| | - P Gambelli
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS , Pavia , Italy
| | - R Bloise
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS , Pavia , Italy
| | - M Marino
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS , Pavia , Italy
| | - M Morini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS , Pavia , Italy
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Mazzanti A, Trancuccio A, Kukavica D, Marino M, Giannini G, Rossetti L, Memmi M, Bloise R, Morini M, Napolitano C, Priori SG. Efficacy and safety of the ICD in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is a potentially fatal genetic arrhythmia syndrome and, despite optimal beta-blocker (BB) therapy, patients often experience life-threatening arrhythmic events (LAE). The role of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) on reducing mortality in patients with CPVT is debated.
Purpose
1) To assess the survival benefit of ICD in the overall CPVT population; 2) to investigate the benefit-to-harm ratio in the population of CPVT patients carriers of ICD.
Methods
We followed-up consecutive patients with genetically-proven CPVT, treated with optimal BB mono-therapy. The probability of surviving at the occurrence of a first LAE (defined as: sudden cardiac death, aborted cardiac arrest or hemodynamically non-tolerated ventricular tachycardia) during BB mono-therapy was compared between ICD carriers and non-ICD carriers.
In the cohort of ICD carriers, we assessed the rate of a first major complication (i.e., a complication requiring surgical intervention) and we calculated the benefit-to-harm ratio of ICD (defined as rate of appropriate shocks on LAE over rate of major complications).
Results
We enrolled 228 CPVT patients with a pathogenic RYR2 (n=216) or CASQ2 (n=12) mutation, of whom 87 (38%) had an ICD implanted. Overall, during 1,558 person-years of follow-up, 31/228 (14%) patients experienced a first LAE on BB mono-therapy (annual LAE rate 2.0%, 95% CI: 1.4–2.8%).
Of the 31 individuals who experienced an LAE, 21 patients had an ICD when the LAE occurred, and all survived after ICD intervention. Of the remaining 10 patients who were not carriers of an ICD, 6/10 (60%) survived after external defibrillation or spontaneous arrhythmia termination, while 4/10 (40%) died suddenly. The probability of surviving at the occurrence of a first LAE in BB mono-therapy was thirty-fold higher (Odds Ratio: 30.0, 95% CI: 1.4–629.0; p=0.029) in patients with an ICD, as compared to patients without an ICD.
Overall, 15/87 (17%) patients with an ICD experienced a first major complication over 602 person-years of follow-up (2.5% per year, 95% CI: 1.4%-4.1%). Importantly, no patient died for a pro-arrhythmic effect or complications related to ICD. Comparing the rate of major complications to the rate of appropriate ICD shocks on LAE (LAE rate 4.7% per year, 95% CI: 3.1–7.0%), the benefit-to-harm ratio was 1.9, thus favouring the benefit of ICD therapy.
Conclusions
In our population, ICD therapy conferred a significant survival benefit in patients with CPVT at the occurrence of a first LAE. Overall, the benefit of ICD implant outweighed the harm, as shown by almost two times greater benefit-to-harm ratio. This study provides evidence supporting ICD implantation in patients with high-risk CPVT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ricerca Corrente Funding Scheme of the Italian Ministry of Health
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mazzanti
- IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Molecular Cardiology , Pavia , Italy
| | - A Trancuccio
- University of Pavia, Molecular Medicine , Pavia , Italy
| | - D Kukavica
- University of Pavia, Molecular Medicine , Pavia , Italy
| | - M Marino
- IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Molecular Cardiology , Pavia , Italy
| | - G Giannini
- University of Pavia, Molecular Medicine , Pavia , Italy
| | - L Rossetti
- University of Pavia, Molecular Medicine , Pavia , Italy
| | - M Memmi
- IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Molecular Cardiology , Pavia , Italy
| | - R Bloise
- IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Molecular Cardiology , Pavia , Italy
| | - M Morini
- IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Molecular Cardiology , Pavia , Italy
| | - C Napolitano
- University of Pavia, Molecular Medicine , Pavia , Italy
| | - S G Priori
- University of Pavia, Molecular Medicine , Pavia , Italy
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Natali P, Cigliana G, Napodano C, Basile V, Debbia D, Pocino K, Savoia M, Marino M, Gulli F, Basile U. The dark side of current analytic methods for Bence Jones Proteinuria. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:6777-6786. [PMID: 36196726 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202209_29779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bence Jones proteinuria (BJP) refers to monoclonal free immunoglobulin light chains detected in urine, deriving from the clonal expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias, associated with monoclonal gammopathies of uncertain origin. This review summarizes routinely diagnostic procedures to assess BJP highlighting critical steps of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phases. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS The best option for BJP detection is the first morning void urine sample and immunofixation electrophoresis detection technique (IFE) the recommended method, with the employment of specific polyvalent antisera. Other qualitative tests for a quick evaluation of BJP are currently available. Densitometric analysis performed on the 24-hour urine is the recommended method to quantify BJP. To overcome the 24-hour collection, it is possible to use morning urine sample and correlate the assessed value of BJP to creatininuria. In addition to the traditional ones, we here reviewed screening methods currently used to avoid false negatives and reduce the time around test (TAT), together with immunochemical quantification methods for increased sensitivity, after checking BJP by IFE. Mass spectrometry emerges as a new challenge in the determination of BJP. CONCLUSIONS The employment of different based-assays methods may be useful for diagnostic purposes to improve the accuracy of BJP monitoring in monoclonal gammopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Natali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria and Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Modena, Italy.
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Marino M, Martini D, Ciappellano S, Brusamolino A, Gardana C, Battezzati A, Riso P, Porrini M, Bo CD. Cobalamin status is negatively correlated with vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin in vegetarian and vegan women with a vitamin B12 deficiency. Nutr Res 2022; 105:126-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Vinelli V, Biscotti P, Martini D, Del Bo’ C, Marino M, Meroño T, Nikoloudaki O, Calabrese FM, Turroni S, Taverniti V, Unión Caballero A, Andrés-Lacueva C, Porrini M, Gobbetti M, De Angelis M, Brigidi P, Pinart M, Nimptsch K, Guglielmetti S, Riso P. Effects of Dietary Fibers on Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota Composition in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132559. [PMID: 35807739 PMCID: PMC9268559 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in investigating dietary strategies able to modulate the gut microbial ecosystem which, in turn, may play a key role in human health. Dietary fibers (DFs) are widely recognized as molecules with prebiotic effects. The main objective of this systematic review was to: (i) analyze the results available on the impact of DF intervention on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production; (ii) evaluate the interplay between the type of DF intervention, the gut microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, and any other health associated outcome evaluated in the host. To this aim, initially, a comprehensive database of literature on human intervention studies assessing the effect of confirmed and candidate prebiotics on the microbial ecosystem was developed. Subsequently, studies performed on DFs and analyzing at least the impact on SCFA levels were extracted from the database. A total of 44 studies from 42 manuscripts were selected for the analysis. Among the different types of fiber, inulin was the DF investigated the most (n = 11). Regarding the results obtained on the ability of fiber to modulate total SCFAs, seven studies reported a significant increase, while no significant changes were reported in five studies, depending on the analytical methodology used. A total of 26 studies did not show significant differences in individual SCFAs, while the others reported significant differences for one or more SCFAs. The effect of DF interventions on the SCFA profile seemed to be strictly dependent on the dose and the type and structure of DFs. Overall, these results underline that, although affecting microbiota composition and derived metabolites, DFs do not produce univocal significant increase in SCFA levels in apparently healthy adults. In this regard, several factors (i.e., related to the study protocols and analytical methods) have been identified that could have affected the results obtained in the studies evaluated. Future studies are needed to better elucidate the relationship between DFs and gut microbiota in terms of SCFA production and impact on health-related markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vinelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Paola Biscotti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Tomás Meroño
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Net (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (A.U.C.); (C.A.-L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Nikoloudaki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (O.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Francesco Maria Calabrese
- Department of Soil Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.M.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Valentina Taverniti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Andrea Unión Caballero
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Net (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (A.U.C.); (C.A.-L.)
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Net (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (A.U.C.); (C.A.-L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (O.N.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (F.M.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Mariona Pinart
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (K.N.)
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (K.N.)
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.V.); (P.B.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.P.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Giovannini I, Cereser L, Tinazzi I, Cicciò C, Murru FM, Bramuzzo M, Marino M, Tullio A, De Vita S, Zabotti A. AB1347 ASYMPTOMATIC SACROILIITIS DETECTED BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE ENTEROGRAPHY IN PATIENTS AFFECTED BY CROHN’S DISEASE: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH CLINICAL DATA IN A MULTICENTER STUDY OF ADULT AND PEDIATRIC POPULATION. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMagnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is usually performed in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) for evaluating small bowel involvement. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mainly affect the gastrointestinal tract, although patients may present extraintestinal manifestations (1). Musculoskeletal symptoms are the most frequent extraintestinal manifestation in IBD, especially in CD. Furthermore, sacroiliitis at imaging occurs in about 6-46% of CD patients and may correlate with axial spondyloarthritis (2,3).ObjectivesThe primary aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of sacroiliitis in adult and pediatric patients affected by CD who performed MRE. We also evaluated the inter-rater agreement for MRE sacroiliitis and the association between sacroiliitis and patients’ clinical data.MethodsWe included consecutive patients with CD diagnosis (4), who underwent an MRE in the period between December 2012 and May 2020. We excluded patients with a known diagnosis of SpA; patients with confirmed or suspected inflammatory back pain; and patients treated at the time of MRE with systemic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), which influence both bowel and joint disease (i.e., conventional DMARDs, and biologic DMARDs).Two radiologists assessed the prevalence of sacroiliitis at MRE. We evaluated the inter-rater agreement for sacroiliitis and assessed the correlation between sacroiliitis and demographic, clinical, and endoscopic data.ResultsWe retrospectively identified 100 adult and 30 pediatric patients. The prevalence of sacroiliitis at MRE was 20% in adults and 6.7% in pediatric patients. The inter-rater agreement for sacroiliitis was substantial (k=0.62, p<0.001) in the adults, and moderate (k=0.46, p=0.011) in the pediatric cohort. Age ≥50 years and the time between CD diagnosis and MRE (≥86.5 months) were significantly associated with sacroiliitis in adult patients (p=0.049 and p=0.038, respectively).ConclusionAsymptomatic sacroiliitis at MRE is a frequent and reliable abnormality in adult patients with CD, associated with age of the patients ≥ 50 years and CD duration. Detecting sacroiliitis at MRE in patients affected by CD may help the appropriate and early referral to the rheumatologist.References[1]Vavricka SR, Schoepfer A, Scharl M, Lakatos PL, Navarini A, Rogler G. Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2015 Aug 1;21(8):1982–92.[2]Salvarani C, Fries W. Clinical features and epidemiology of spondyloarthritides associated with inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 May 28;15(20):2449–55.[3]Fragoulis GE, Liava C, Daoussis D, Akriviadis E, Garyfallos A, Dimitroulas T. Inflammatory bowel diseases and spondyloarthropathies: From pathogenesis to treatment. World J Gastroenterol. 2019 May 14;25(18):2162–76.[4]Maaser C, Sturm A, Vavricka SR, Kucharzik T, Fiorino G, Annese V, et al. ECCO-ESGAR Guideline for Diagnostic Assessment in IBD Part 1: Initial diagnosis, monitoring of known IBD, detection of complications. Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis. 2019 Feb 1;13(2):144–64.Disclosure of InterestsIvan Giovannini Speakers bureau: not relevant for this study, Lorenzo Cereser: None declared, Ilaria Tinazzi: None declared, Carmelo Cicciò: None declared, Floria Maria Murru: None declared, Matteo Bramuzzo Speakers bureau: not relevant for this study, Marco Marino Speakers bureau: not relevant for this study, Annarita Tullio: None declared, Salvatore De Vita Speakers bureau: not relevant for this study, Alen Zabotti Speakers bureau: not relevant for this study
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Marino M, Gardana C, Scialpi A, Giorgini G, Simonetti P, Del Bo’ C. An in vitro approach to study the absorption of a new oral formulation of berberine. PharmaNutrition 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Marino M, Martini D, Venturi S, Tucci M, Porrini M, Riso P, Del Bo' C. An Overview of Registered Clinical Trials on Glucosinolates and Human Health: The Current Situation. Front Nutr 2021; 8:730906. [PMID: 34778334 PMCID: PMC8578719 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.730906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest a potential role of glucosinolates (GSLs) and isothiocyanates on human health. However, evidence from intervention studies, due to heterogeneity in features of study design, duration, participants, food or food components administered, and outcomes analyzed, is still insufficient. The current review aims to provide an overview of the trials on GSLs and GSL-rich foods registered over the last 20 years with the intention to summarize the main topics and results, but also the existing gaps that still need to be covered. Studies were collected by using ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. A total of 87 registered trials were identified with which most of them were performed by using extracts or pure compounds (n = 60) while few were conducted with GSL-rich foods (n = 27). In detail, sulforaphane was the most investigated compound, while broccoli was the most frequent food tested in the trials. The majority of the studies assessed the health effects of GSLs focusing on outcomes related to cancer and cognitive function, even if the current findings are not univocal. Emerging topics also included the study of GSLs and gut microbiota interaction and impact on skin health. Further attention was also drawn to the bioavailability of GSLs and/or derivatives from foods, extracts, and single compounds by also considering the contribution of the different genetic polymorphisms. In conclusion, although considerable efforts have been made to study GSLs and GSL-rich foods, further studies are necessary to provide evidence-based research and to corroborate the findings obtained. The interindividual response due to genetic polymorphisms should be further investigated in order to explore the contribution to the overall beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Tucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Marino M, Del Bo C, Tucci M, Venturi S, Mantegazza G, Taverniti V, Møller P, Riso P, Porrini M. A mix of chlorogenic and caffeic acid reduces C/EBPß and PPAR-γ1 levels and counteracts lipid accumulation in macrophages. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1003-1014. [PMID: 34698900 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid (CA) are bioactive compounds in whole grains, berries, apples, some citrus fruits and coffee, which are hypothesized to promote health-beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of CGA and CA to reduce lipid accumulation in macrophages, recognized as a critical stage in the progression of atherosclerosis. Furtherly, the modulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- γ1 (PPAR-γ1), as transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, was evaluated. METHODS THP-1-derived macrophages were treated for 24 h with 0.03, 0.3, 3 and 30 μM of CGA and CA, tested alone or in combination, and a solution of oleic/palmitic acid (500 μM, 2:1 ratio). Lipid storage was assessed spectrophotometrically through fluorescent staining of cells with Nile red. C/EBPβ and PPAR-γ1 mRNA and protein levels were evaluated by RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS The mix of CGA + CA (1:1 ratio) reduced lipid accumulation at all concentrations tested, except for the highest one. The greatest effect ( - 65%; p < 0.01) was observed at the concentration of 0.3 μM for each compound. The same concentration significantly (p < 0.01) downregulated C/EBPβ and PPAR-γ1 gene expression and reduced their protein levels at 2 h and 24 h, respectively. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the capacity of CGA + CA mix to reduce lipid storage in macrophages is mediated by a reduction in the expression of transcription factors C/EBPβ and PPAR-γ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Tucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Venturi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mantegazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Taverniti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Marino M, Puppo F, Del Bo’ C, Vinelli V, Riso P, Porrini M, Martini D. A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms. Nutrients 2021; 13:2778. [PMID: 34444936 PMCID: PMC8398521 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A debate is ongoing on the significance and appropriateness of the NOVA classification as a tool for categorizing foods based on their degree of processing. As such, the role of ultra-processed food (UPF) on human health is still not completely understood. With this review, we aimed to investigate the actual level of consumption of UPF across countries and target populations to determine the impact in real contexts. Suitable articles published up to March 2021 were sourced through the PubMed and SCOPUS databases. Overall, 99 studies providing data on the level of UPF consumption expressed as the percentage of total energy intake were identified, for a total of 1,378,454 participants. Most of them were published in Brazil (n = 38) and the United States (n = 15), and the 24 h recall was the most-used tool (n = 63). Analysis of the results revealed that the United States and the United Kingdom were the countries with the highest percent energy intake from UPF (generally >50%), whereas Italy had the lowest levels (about 10%); the latter was inversely associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. High variability was also observed based on sex, age, and body mass index, with men, young people, and overweight/obese subjects generally having higher levels of consumption compared to older subjects. Overall, our findings underline the large differences in UPF intake. Since most of the observations derived from studies conducted with food questionnaires are not specifically validated for UPF, further efforts are essential to confirm the results previously obtained and to investigate further the association between UPF consumption and health status, also considering the actual contribution within different dietary patterns, which has been less investigated to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20123 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (F.P.); (V.V.); (P.R.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
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Perrone A, Aruta SF, Crucitti G, Gualandi P, Malaspina E, Marino M, Franzoni E, Parmeggiani A. Pervasive refusal syndrome or anorexia nervosa: a case report with a successful behavioural treatment. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:2089-2093. [PMID: 32816207 PMCID: PMC7439801 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pervasive refusal syndrome (PRS) is a rare psychiatric disease that affects children. It was first described by Lask in 1991 (Arch Dis Child 66:866-869, 1991). Recently, Otasowie and Collaborators reported a systematic review about PRS. Despite this, PRS has not yet been classified in DSM-5 and ICD-11 and the lack of evidence-based treatment makes this syndrome a real challenge for clinicians. The aim of this paper is to present our experience through the description of a case report and its treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS The case reported is a girl aged 11 years that fits the clinical picture described in the literature of PRS. In previous reports, behavioural treatment was not used or appreciated; our case adds new knowledge regarding the PRS diagnosis and the successful behavioural treatment during hospitalization, which we describe in all its phases. CONCLUSION PRS is a rare, life-threatening syndrome; it would be extremely important to have an official and evidence-based treatment guide. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, case report.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perrone
- Regional Centre for Feeding Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S F Aruta
- Regional Centre for Feeding Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Crucitti
- Regional Centre for Feeding and Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Gualandi
- Regional Centre for Feeding and Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Malaspina
- Regional Centre for Feeding and Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Marino
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Franzoni
- Regional Centre for Feeding Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonia Parmeggiani
- Regional Centre for Feeding Eating Disorders, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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35
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Martini D, Domínguez-Perles R, Rosi A, Tassotti M, Angelino D, Medina S, Ricci C, Guy A, Oger C, Gigliotti L, Durand T, Marino M, Gottfried-Genieser H, Porrini M, Antonini M, Dei Cas A, Bonadonna RC, Ferreres F, Scazzina F, Brighenti F, Riso P, Del Bo’ C, Mena P, Gil-Izquierdo A, Del Rio D. Effect of Coffee and Cocoa-Based Confectionery Containing Coffee on Markers of DNA Damage and Lipid Peroxidation Products: Results from a Human Intervention Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:2399. [PMID: 34371907 PMCID: PMC8308525 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of coffee and cocoa on oxidative damage to macromolecules has been investigated in several studies, often with controversial results. This study aimed to investigate the effect of one-month consumption of different doses of coffee or cocoa-based products containing coffee on markers of DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in young healthy volunteers. Twenty-one volunteers were randomly assigned into a three-arm, crossover, randomized trial. Subjects were assigned to consume one of the three following treatments: one cup of espresso coffee/day (1C), three cups of espresso coffee/day (3C), and one cup of espresso coffee plus two cocoa-based products containing coffee (PC) twice per day for 1 month. At the end of each treatment, blood samples were collected for the analysis of endogenous and H2O2-induced DNA damage and DNA oxidation catabolites, while urines were used for the analysis of oxylipins. On the whole, four DNA catabolites (cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), 8-OH-2'-deoxy-guanosine, 8-OH-guanine, and 8-NO2-cGMP) were detected in plasma samples following the one-month intervention. No significant modulation of DNA and lipid damage markers was documented among groups, apart from an effect of time for DNA strand breaks and some markers of lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, the consumption of coffee and cocoa-based confectionery containing coffee was apparently not able to affect oxidative stress markers. More studies are encouraged to better explain the findings obtained and to understand the impact of different dosages of these products on specific target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (S.M.)
| | - Alice Rosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (A.R.); (M.T.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Michele Tassotti
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (A.R.); (M.T.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Donato Angelino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Sonia Medina
- Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (S.M.)
| | - Cristian Ricci
- Pediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Alexandre Guy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (A.G.); (C.O.); (T.D.)
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (A.G.); (C.O.); (T.D.)
| | - Letizia Gigliotti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (A.G.); (C.O.); (T.D.)
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | | | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Monica Antonini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.A.); (A.D.C.); (R.C.B.)
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.A.); (A.D.C.); (R.C.B.)
| | - Riccardo C. Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.A.); (A.D.C.); (R.C.B.)
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation (REM) Group, Universidad Católica de Murcia, UCAM, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Francesca Scazzina
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (A.R.); (M.T.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Furio Brighenti
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (A.R.); (M.T.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (A.R.); (M.T.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Angel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (S.M.)
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (A.R.); (M.T.); (F.S.); (F.B.); (D.D.R.)
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Møller P, Muruzabal D, Bakuradze T, Richling E, Bankoglu EE, Stopper H, Langie SAS, Azqueta A, Jensen A, Scavone F, Giovannelli L, Wojewódzka M, Kruszewski M, Valdiglesias V, Laffon B, Costa C, Costa S, Teixeira JP, Marino M, Del Bo' C, Riso P, Shaposhnikov S, Collins A. Potassium bromate as positive assay control for the Fpg-modified comet assay. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:341-348. [PMID: 32319518 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is a popular assay in biomonitoring studies. DNA strand breaks (or unspecific DNA lesions) are measured using the standard comet assay. Oxidative stress-generated DNA lesions can be measured by employing DNA repair enzymes to recognise oxidatively damaged DNA. Unfortunately, there has been a tendency to fail to report results from assay controls (or maybe even not to employ assay controls). We believe this might have been due to uncertainty as to what really constitutes a positive control. It should go without saying that a biomonitoring study cannot have a positive control group as it is unethical to expose healthy humans to DNA damaging (and thus potentially carcinogenic) agents. However, it is possible to include assay controls in the analysis (here meant as a cryopreserved sample of cells i.e. included in each experiment as a reference sample). In the present report we tested potassium bromate (KBrO3) as a positive comet assay control for the formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay. Ten laboratories used the same procedure for treatment of monocytic THP-1 cells with KBrO3 (0.5, 1.5 and 4.5 mM for 1 h at 37°C) and subsequent cryopreservation. Results from one laboratory were excluded in the statistical analysis because of technical issues in the Fpg-modified comet assay. All other laboratories found a concentration-response relationship in cryopreserved samples (regression coefficients from 0.80 to 0.98), although with different slopes ranging from 1.25 to 11.9 Fpg-sensitive sites (%DNA in tail) per 1 mM KBrO3. Our results demonstrate that KBrO3 is a suitable positive comet assay control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Damian Muruzabal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry & Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry & Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Str. 52, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine A S Langie
- VITO-Health, Boerentang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Annie Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department NEUROFARBA University of Florence (Section Pharmacology and Toxicology), Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA University of Florence (Section Pharmacology and Toxicology), Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Wojewódzka
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland.,Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus A Zapateira s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Blanca Laffon
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carla Costa
- Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mirko Marino
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergey Shaposhnikov
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway.,NorGenotech AS, Norway
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372, Oslo, Norway.,NorGenotech AS, Norway
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37
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Basile U, Miele L, Napodano C, Ciasca G, Gulli F, Pocino K, De Matthaeis N, Liguori A, De Magistris A, Marrone G, Biolato M, Marino M, Di Giacinto F, Gasbarrini A, Grieco A, Rapaccini GL. The diagnostic performance of PIVKA-II in metabolic and viral hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:12675-12685. [PMID: 33378014 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202012_24165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver tumor derived from metabolic or viral chronic hepatitis, with few treatment options in advanced cases. New biomarkers that allow improving diagnosis and staging are widely desired. Here, we aim to evaluate the performance of Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) in combination with α-fetoprotein (AFP), in the diagnosis of HCC in patients with metabolic or viral hepatitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 60 HCC patients (20 metabolic and 40 viral) and 20 healthy subjects (HS) as negative controls. PIVKA-II, AFP, Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) serum levels were assessed by immunoassays. RESULTS AFP and PIVKA-II levels were obviously higher in patients than in HS. AFP displayed a better diagnostic performance than PIVKA-II for viral HCC while PIVKA-II was better for metabolic HCC. The combination of the two biomarkers did not improve the discriminating ability. CONCLUSIONS PIVKA-II may be considered an independent predictor of macrovascular invasion from HCC cells and it can be used to better stratify HCC patients and should be evaluated in prospective studies for early detection of advanced HCC in metabolic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Basile
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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38
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Martini D, Tucci M, Bradfield J, Di Giorgio A, Marino M, Del Bo’ C, Porrini M, Riso P. Principles of Sustainable Healthy Diets in Worldwide Dietary Guidelines: Efforts So Far and Future Perspectives. Nutrients 2021; 13:1827. [PMID: 34071933 PMCID: PMC8228140 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Food choices and eating behaviours have a large impact on both human and planetary health. Recently, the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations and the World Health Organisation have developed a list of 16 guiding principles to achieve sustainable healthy diets (SHDs). They proposed that development of food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) should be a core element in the implementation of these SHDs in each country. The objective of this review is to explore the degree of alignment of current FBDGs to these guiding principles. A total of 43 FBDGs, written or translated into English, were collected from the online repository developed by the FAO and were analysed for their adherence to each of the guiding principles. Results were stratified for period of publication and geographical macro-area. Overall, there were high levels of inclusion of the factors related to health outcomes, especially in the most recent FBDGs. Conversely, environmental impact and socio-cultural aspects of diet were considered less frequently, especially in the older FBDGs. These results highlight the importance of revising FBDGs, especially to include emerging topics which represent the areas with the highest scope for improvement in the future versions of FBDGs. Replication of the present study in the coming years will be worthwhile to monitor improvements in the adherence of global FBDGs to the guiding principles of SHDs. The attainment of such a goal could promote a more rapid transition towards SHDs, as well as highlighting pivotal research trajectories to increase adoption and evaluate the impact on the food system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Massimiliano Tucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
| | - James Bradfield
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK;
| | - Antonio Di Giorgio
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.G.); (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (P.R.)
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39
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Del Bo’ C, Martini D, Bernardi S, Gigliotti L, Marino M, Gargari G, Meroño T, Hidalgo-Liberona N, Andres-Lacueva C, Kroon PA, Cherubini A, Guglielmetti S, Porrini M, Riso P. Association between Food Intake, Clinical and Metabolic Markers and DNA Damage in Older Subjects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050730. [PMID: 34066373 PMCID: PMC8148130 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of DNA damage as marker of oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and age-related diseases is debated. The present study aimed at assessing the level of DNA damage (evaluated as DNA strand-breaks, endogenous and oxidatively-induced DNA damage) in a group of older subjects with intestinal permeability enrolled within the MaPLE (Gut and Blood Microbiomics for Studying the Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Dietary Pattern on Intestinal Permeability in the Elderly) intervention trial, to evaluate its association with clinical, metabolic and dietary markers. DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed by the comet assay in 49 older subjects participating in the study. Clinical and metabolic markers, markers of inflammation, vascular function and intestinal permeability were determined in serum. Food intake was estimated by weighted food diaries. On the whole, a trend towards higher levels of DNA damage was observed in men compared to women (p = 0.071). A positive association between DNA damage and clinical/metabolic markers (e.g., uric acid, lipid profile) and an inverse association with dietary markers (e.g., vitamin C, E, B6, folates) were found and differed based on sex. By considering the importance of DNA stability during aging, the results obtained on sex differences and the potential role of dietary and metabolic factors on DNA damage underline the need for further investigations in a larger group of older adults to confirm the associations found and to promote preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Stefano Bernardi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Letizia Gigliotti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Tomas Meroño
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA, INSA, CIBERFES-ISCIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (N.H.-L.); (C.A.-L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA, INSA, CIBERFES-ISCIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (N.H.-L.); (C.A.-L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XIA, INSA, CIBERFES-ISCIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (N.H.-L.); (C.A.-L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul A. Kroon
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UG, UK;
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro di ricerca per l’invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (P.R.); Tel.: +39-02-50316720 (M.P.); +39-02-50316726 (P.R.)
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.D.B.); (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.G.); (M.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (P.R.); Tel.: +39-02-50316720 (M.P.); +39-02-50316726 (P.R.)
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Tucci M, Martini D, Del Bo’ C, Marino M, Battezzati A, Bertoli S, Porrini M, Riso P. An Italian-Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Developed Based on the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (EAT-IT): A Nutritional Evaluation. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030558. [PMID: 33800396 PMCID: PMC8002105 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to promote healthy and sustainable diets that are tailored to the preferences and cultures of different populations. The present study aimed to (i) define a Mediterranean dietary pattern in line with the EAT-Lancet Commission reference diet (ELCRD), based on 2500 kcal/day and adapted to the Italian food habits (EAT-IT); (ii) develop a mid/long-term dietary plan based on EAT-IT and a dietary plan based on the Italian Dietary Guidelines (IDG); (iii) compare the two dietary plans in terms of portions, frequencies of consumption, and nutritional adequacy based on the nutrient and energy recommendations for the Italian adult population. The main differences between the two plans were related to the higher amount of fruit and vegetables in the IDG compared to the EAT-IT, while the EAT-IT plan was higher in nuts and legumes, which represent the main protein sources in the ELCRD. Differences in the protein sources, especially milk and derivatives, and for cereal-based foods, were also found. Dietary plans were comparable for most nutrients, except for higher energy from lipids and vegetal protein, a higher amount of fiber, and lower levels of calcium that were evidenced for the EAT-IT dietary plan compared to the IDG-based one. In conclusion, the analysis of the EAT-IT demonstrated certain nutritional issues. It remains to be determined whether this may represent a health concern in further studies aimed at investigating the feasibility of sustainable dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Tucci
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (D.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (S.B.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Marino M, Gigliotti L, Møller P, Riso P, Porrini M, Del Bo C. Impact of 12-month cryopreservation on endogenous DNA damage in whole blood and isolated mononuclear cells evaluated by the comet assay. Sci Rep 2021; 11:363. [PMID: 33432000 PMCID: PMC7801598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is an electrophoretic technique used to assess DNA damage, as a marker of genotoxicity and oxidative stress, in tissues and biological samples including peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and whole blood (WB). Although numerous studies are performed on stored samples, the impact of cryopreservation on artifactual formation of DNA damage is not widely considered. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of storage at different time-points on the levels of strand breaks (SBs) and formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-sensitive sites in isolated PBMCs and WB. Samples were collected, aliquoted and stored at − 80 °C. DNA damage was analyzed on fresh samples, and subsequently on frozen samples every 2 months up to a year. Results have shown no changes in DNA damage in samples of PBMCs and WB stored for up to 4 months, while a significant increase in SBs and Fpg-sensitive sites was documented starting from 6-month up to 12-month storage of both the samples. In addition, fresh and frozen WB showed higher basal levels of DNA damage compared to PBMCs. In conclusion, WB samples show high levels of DNA damage compared to PBMCs. One-year of storage increased the levels of SBs and Fpg-sensitive sites especially in the WB samples. Based on these findings, the use of short storage times and PBMCs should be preferred because of low background level of DNA damage in the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Gigliotti
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Del Bo' C, Bernardi S, Cherubini A, Porrini M, Gargari G, Hidalgo-Liberona N, González-Domínguez R, Zamora-Ros R, Peron G, Marino M, Gigliotti L, Winterbone MS, Kirkup B, Kroon PA, Andres-Lacueva C, Guglielmetti S, Riso P. A polyphenol-rich dietary pattern improves intestinal permeability, evaluated as serum zonulin levels, in older subjects: The MaPLE randomised controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:3006-3018. [PMID: 33388204 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Increased intestinal permeability (IP) can occur in older people and contribute to the activation of the immune system and inflammation. Dietary interventions may represent a potential strategy to reduce IP. In this regard, specific food bioactives such as polyphenols have been proposed as potential IP modulator due to their ability to affect several critical targets and pathways that control IP. The trial aimed to test the hypothesis that a polyphenol-rich dietary pattern can decrease serum zonulin levels, an IP surrogate marker involved in tight junction modulation, and can beneficially alter the intestinal microbiota, and IP-associated biochemical and clinical markers in older subjects. METHODS A randomised, controlled, cross-over intervention trial was performed. Sixty-six subjects (aged ≥ 60 y) with increased IP based on serum zonulin levels, were randomly allocated to one of the two arms of the intervention consisting of a control diet (C-diet) vs. a polyphenol-rich diet (PR-diet). Each intervention was 8-week long and separated by an 8-week wash out period. At the beginning and at the end of each intervention period, serum samples were collected for the quantification of zonulin and other biological markers. Faecal samples were also collected to investigate the intestinal microbial ecosystem. In addition, anthropometrical/physical/biochemical parameters and food intake were evaluated. RESULTS Fifty-one subjects successfully completed the intervention and a high compliance to the dietary protocols was demonstrated. Overall, polyphenol intake significantly increased from a mean of 812 mg/day in the C diet to 1391 mg/day in the PR-diet. Two-way analysis of variance showed a significant effect of treatment (p = 0.008) and treatment × time interaction (p = 0.025) on serum zonulin levels, which decreased after the 8-week PR-diet. In addition, a treatment × time interaction was observed showing a reduction of diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.028) following the PR-diet, which was strongest in those not using antihypertensive drugs. A decrease in both diastolic (p = 0.043) and systolic blood pressure (p = 0.042) was observed in women. Interestingly, a significant increase in fibre-fermenting and butyrate-producing bacteria such as the family Ruminococcaceae and members of the genus Faecalibacterium was observed following the PR intervention. The efficacy of this dietary intervention was greater in subjects with higher serum zonulin at baseline, who showed more pronounced alterations in the markers under study. Furthermore, zonulin reduction was also stronger among subjects with higher body mass index and with insulin resistance at baseline, thus demonstrating the close interplay between IP and metabolic features. CONCLUSIONS These data show, for the first time, that a PR-diet can reduce serum zonulin levels, an indirect marker of IP. In addition, PR-diet reduced blood pressure and increased fibre-fermenting and butyrate-producing bacteria. These findings may represent an initial breakthrough for further intervention studies evaluating possible dietary treatments for the management of IP, inflammation and gut function in different target populations. THIS STUDY WAS REGISTERED AT WWW.ISRCTN. ORG AS ISRCTN10214981.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Del Bo'
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Bernardi
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro di Ricerca per l'Invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mirko Marino
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Gigliotti
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mark S Winterbone
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Kirkup
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Kroon
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Università, degli Studi di Milano, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Basile U, Napodano C, Pocino K, Barini A, Marino M, Santini SA, Barini A, Stefanile A, Basile V, Callà CA, Cattani P, Gasbarrini A, Rapaccini GL, Gulli F. Lack of association between Vitamin D status and free light chains profile with different chronic HCV-related liver and extrahepatic disorders. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:8506-8514. [PMID: 31646582 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201910_19164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A still uncertain association between vitamin D levels and HCV chronic liver diseases has been reported. Increased levels of serum-free light chains (FLCs) and an altered k/λ FLC ratio correlate with Mixed Cryoglobulinemia (MC) vasculitis and/or B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in HCV-positive patients. We aimed to investigate the possible role of vitamin D, vitamin D Binding Protein (DBP), and FLCs levels as a tool for discriminating different stages of HCV- related MC and chronic liver diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-five untreated patients were retrospectively enrolled and 21 healthy blood donors (HBD) were used as controls. Vitamin D, DBP, FLCs, and cryoglobulins levels were measured. Based on cryoglobulins, patients were divided in three subgroups (without cryoglobulins, type II, and type III). RESULTS We didn't find any significant differences in vitamin D and DBP levels between HCV patients' main groups and HBD. Serum FLCs levels were significantly higher in HCV patients than in HBD. FLCs ratio among patients' subgroups did not reveal differences. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the presence of an increased serum level of FLCs in HCV patients and suggest that nor vitamin D and DBP or FLC levels can be considered reliable biomarkers for discriminating different stages of HCV-associated chronic liver diseases and/or HCV-associated extrahepatic manifestation. We confirm that serological FLCs levels are significantly higher in patients than in HBD as a signature of B cell activation in course of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Basile
- Area Diagnostica di Laboratorio, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Marino M, Del Bo’ C, Martini D, Porrini M, Riso P. A Review of Registered Clinical Trials on Dietary (Poly)Phenols: Past Efforts and Possible Future Directions. Foods 2020; 9:E1606. [PMID: 33158145 PMCID: PMC7694232 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the increasing number of studies on polyphenol demonstrates the efforts in elucidating the potential role of these bioactives on human health. This study reviews the main topics and characteristics of clinical trials on polyphenols registered over the last 20 years, in order to track past and current efforts as well as to highlight the main research gaps in this field. The review was conducted by collecting trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. Overall, 750 clinical trials were selected and included in the final evaluation. Most of the trials were performed on extracts or pure compounds followed by studies conducted on polyphenol-rich foods, in particular berries. A total of 520 clinical trials focused on health effects, 55 on bioavailability, and 175 on both. Regarding outcomes, 139 registered intervention studies had the lipid profile and blood pressure as primary outcomes. The overview provided by this analysis also emphasizes the emerging interest in new outcomes related to polyphenols intervention such as microbiota composition and the evaluation of inter-individual variability in response to the intake of polyphenols. Our review underlines the need of further trials covering unexplored or debated research aspects and provides insights for the design and development of future intervention studies and related research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Cristian Del Bo’
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Daniela Martini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Marisa Porrini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (C.D.B.); (M.P.); (P.R.)
- CRC “Innovation for Well-Being and Environment (I-WE)”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Mazzanti A, Chargeishvili T, Kukavica D, Marino M, Morini M, Trancuccio A, Marelli S, Monteforte N, Bloise R, Napolitano C, Priori S. Is mexiletine ready for prime time in patients with Type 2 Long QT Syndrome? Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mexiletine has been proven effective in shortening the duration of ventricular repolarization and reducing the arrhythmic events in type 3 Long QT Syndrome (LQT3). Initial reports indicate that mexiletine might also be effective in patients with type 2 Long QT Syndrome (LQT2, caused by loss-of-functions variants on KCNH2 gene, coding for HERG potassium channel), but this issue has not been investigated in detail.
Purpose
We quantified the electrocardiographic (ECG) effects of mexiletine in a cohort of LQT2 patients.
Methods
Twelve-lead ECGs were collected before and after the administration of mexiletine to evaluate the drug's effect on the heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc). QTc intervals were classified as being (1) at “high-risk” if >500 ms or (2) “normal” if <460 ms, before and after the administration of the drug. KCNH2 variants were defined as (1) trafficking-deficient or (2) non-trafficking-deficient, based on functional studies.
Results
We tested the maximum tolerated dose of mexiletine in 20 patients (11 males, 55%), who were 17±16 years old at diagnosis, affected by genetically established LQT2. The mean age at the beginning of mexiletine administration was 23±15 years and the mean daily dose administered was 9±2 mg/kg/day.
Before mexiletine, the mean QTc interval was 527±53 ms and 10/20 (50%) patients had high-risk QTc values (i.e. QTc >500 ms).
After mexiletine, the mean QTc interval shortened to 484±47 ms in the overall population (p=0.001). In the majority of patients (18/20, 90%; Figure 1) QTc interval shortened, with a mean shortening of 42±28 ms, and a high-interindividual variability (range of shortening from 86 ms to 8 ms). Just 2 (10%) patients did not show any reduction of the QTc, despite receiving the highest adult dosages of mexiletine in our cohort (up to 10 mg/kg/day).
As compared to baseline conditions, after mexiletine the proportion of patients with high risk QTc values (>500 ms) decreased non-significantly from 50% to 35% (p=0.52). Furthermore, in only 6/20 (30%) patients the QTc normalized (i.e. QTc <460 ms) after the initiation of treatment.
The effect of mexiletine was not influenced by gender (p=0.89) or by the functional effect of the KCNH2 mutation (trafficking-deficient vs. non-trafficking-deficient variants, p=0.41).
The effect of mexiletine in LQT2 patients was inferior to the one previously observed in a cohort of 34 LQT3 patients, who had similar QTc values at baseline and received similar dosages of mexiletine, but showed a significantly higher reduction of the average QTc interval (63±37 ms in LQT3 vs. 42±28 ms in LQT2, p=0.02).
Conclusions
Mexiletine induces a reduction of the QTc interval in most LQT2 patients, but many patients remain with high-risk QTc values after receiving the drug. The demonstration that an average QTc shortening of 42 ms is enough to reduce arrhythmic events is necessary, before the introduction of mexiletine in clinical practice for LQT2.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Italian Ministry of Research and University Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M Marino
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Morini
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - R Bloise
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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Marelli S, Kukavica D, Mazzanti A, Chargeishvili T, Trancuccio A, Monteforte N, Bloise R, Marino M, Napolitano C, Priori S. Automated screening tool for Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillator in Brugada syndrome has a high eligibility rate which is predicted by simple electrocardiographic parameters. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Manual electrocardiographic (ECG) screening tools for the use of subcutaneous cardiac defibrillator (S-ICD) have been associated with high ineligibility rates in Brugada syndrome patients (BrS). Although recent works identified ECG parameters for S-ICD eligibility in general population, automated screening tool (AST) for S-ICD eligibility have not even been assessed in large series of patients with BrS.
Purpose
This study evaluates the AST-derived eligibility rates for an S-ICD in patients with BrS, and ECG parameters associated with S-ICD eligibility.
Methods
Screening for S-ICD eligibility was performed using AST in 194 consecutive patients with BrS. Eligibility was defined when at least one of the three vectors was acceptable both in supine and standing position. Twelve-lead ECGs were registered during the screening. ECG parameters associated with AST eligibility were identified using multivariable logistical regression.
Results
Our study population consisted of 194 patients, with male preponderance (n=165/194; 85%); and were 43±12 years old at the time of screening. Majority of patients presented a spontaneous type 1 pattern during screening (n=128/194; 66%), with an average pattern height of 3±3 mm.
Remarkably, 93% of patients passed the screening with AST. No differences in eligibility rates in terms of gender (93% males vs. 93% females eligible; p=1) and age (48±9 years non-eligible vs. 42±12 eligible; p=0.07) existed. Notably, our eligibility rate was 2.5 times higher than rates reported in literature when using manual screening tools (p=0.023). Independent 12-lead ECG parameters (Table) associated with AST eligibility were duration of S wave <80 ms in aVF and R/T ratio ≥3 in lead II (Figure), which have a high positive predictive value (97% and 99%, respectively) for screening eligibility.
Conclusions
Most BrS patients (93%) are eligible for S-ICD when AST is used. S wave <80 ms in aVF, and R/T ratio ≥3 in lead II have a high positive predictive value for S-ICD eligibility.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The Italian Ministry of Research and University Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Bloise
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Marino
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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Chargeishvili T, Mazzanti A, Kukavica D, Marelli S, Trancuccio A, Monteforte N, Bloise R, Marino M, Morini M, Napolitano C, Priori S. Characterization of arrhythmic presentation in patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is one of the most arrhythmogenic conditions known to man. ACM is caused by desmosomal mutations in most cases, resulting in progressive replacement of the myocardium by adipose and fibrous tissue. It comes as no surprise that ACM is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Nonetheless, the characteristics of arrhythmic manifestations have not dissected after the release of most recent criteria.
Purpose
This study investigates different types of ventricular tachyarrhythmias which had occurred at first arrhythmic event in patients with ACM.
Methods
We investigated 91 consecutive patients with documented evidence of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias from 291 ACM patients followed at our center up to this date. Diagnosis of ACM was made using 2010 Task Force Criteria, and patients were defined as having an advanced disease if they had more than 4 TFC points at diagnosis. Presenting ventricular tachyarrhythmias were divided into (1) life-threatening arrhythmic event (LAE; ventricular fibrillation or hemodynamically unstable polymorphic ventricular tachycardia) and (2) hemodynamically stable monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MMVT). Right ventricular (RV) involvement was defined as a presence of RV wall motion abnormalities and RV dilation at transthoracic echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance.
Results
Our study population was constituted of a predictably higher number of males (n=68; 75%), with an average age at the first arrhythmic event of 38±15 years of age.
At first documented arrhythmia, majority of patients studied experienced a stable MMVT (n=53; 58%), while 38 patients experienced an LAE (n=38; 42%). The patients suffering an LAE as first arrhythmic event were slightly younger than the patients who experienced a stable MMVT (35±14 years vs. 40±15 years; p=0.076) but there were no statistically significant gender differences (28/38 males with LAE vs. 40/53 males with stable MMVT; p= n.s.).
Interestingly, patients who presented with stable MMVT were more likely to have an advanced disease at diagnosis (OR=6.52; 95% CI 2.02–20.99; p=0.002). This is supported by the fact that RV involvement was significantly more common in patients presenting with stable MMVT (OR=4.38; 95% CI 1.26–15.26; p=0.021). Additionally, patients with stable MMVT were more commonly carriers of variants on PKP2 gene (OR=3.6; 95% CI 1.1–11.91; p=0.021).
Conclusions
Our data suggest that two types of arrhythmia reflect the two different stages of the disease. The early stage of the ACM is characterized by LAE in absence of RV structural involvement; while, stable MMVT is typical of PKP2 carriers and advanced stage of ACM with RV involvement.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The Italian Ministry of Research and University Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Bloise
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Marino
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Morini
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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48
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Trancuccio A, Mazzanti A, Kukavica D, Marino M, Monteforte N, Bloise R, Braghieri L, Memmi M, Morini M, Napolitano C, Priori S. Mutation site-specific risk profile in patients with Type 1 Long QT Syndrome. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Type 1 Long QT Syndrome (LQT1) is an arrhythmogenic disorder, caused by loss-of-function mutations on KCNQ1 gene, coding for Kv7.1 potassium channel. Although LQT1 is described as the most benign form of LQTS, patients still experience arrhythmic events and there is an unmet need for personalized risk stratification. Attempts have been made to correlate the location of mutations with outcome, but the results are unequivocal.
Purpose
We provide in the present study a new mutation site-specific risk profile obtained from a large cohort of LQT1 patients.
Methods
We gathered data on 963 patients with the diagnosis of LQT1 and divided the Kv7.1 channel into 5 functional regions: the N-terminus (NT), the voltage sensor (VS, including transmembrane segments S1 to S4), the cytoplasmic loops (CL), the pore (PO, including the transmembrane segments S5, S6 and the S5-S6 extracellular linker), the C-terminus (CT).
Results
We studied 963 LQT1 patients: 518 (54%) females; average age 20±17 years; mean QTc at baseline ECG 465±38ms. During a mean follow-up of 8±7 years, 172 (18%) patients experienced arrhythmic events: 31 (3%) experienced one or more cardiac arrests, while 141 (15%) experienced one or more syncopal spells. We identified 188 different variants in the KCNQ1 gene, with the following distribution: 15 (8%) in the NT, 33 (18%) in the VS, 27 (14%) in the CL, 43 (23%) in the PO, 70 (37%) in the CT. The frequency of pathogenic variants per number of amino acids (a.a.) was higher in the CL region, as compared to the other domains (1 mutation every 1.4 a.a.). The duration of QTc interval was significantly longer for patients with mutations in the PO region (473±40 ms) and in the CL region (468±38 ms) as compared to the other regions (p<0.01).
Importantly, in a multivariate analysis PO and CL regions were associated with a higher probability of experiencing arrhythmic events (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.95–4.29, p=0.019 and OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.0–2.49, p=0.05, respectively. Figure) than the other regions. Interestingly, the risk was independent from QTc interval duration.
Conclusions
Mutations affecting the PO and the CL region of the Kv7.1. channel are associated with a higher probability of experiencing arrhythmic events. This finding is clinically relevant, because it will allow for a more personalized, mutation site-specific risk stratification.
Mutation site and arrhythmic events
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Italian Ministry of Research and University Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M Marino
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - R Bloise
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - M Memmi
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Morini
- ICS Maugeri - IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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Martini D, Marino M, Angelino D, Del Bo' C, Del Rio D, Riso P, Porrini M. Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:189-206. [PMID: 31365093 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Berries are a source of polyphenols with recognized health-promoting activities. Several studies suggest that consumption of berries may improve vascular function. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence of short- and long-term benefits of berries on outcomes of vascular function. DATA SOURCES Human intervention studies were collected from PubMed and Scopus databases. STUDY SELECTION Studies were eligible if they investigated the effects of acute or chronic berry consumption on one or more markers of vascular function in humans and provided a characterization of the berry polyphenolic content. Only randomized controlled trials were included, and studies were excluded if berries were combined with other foods. DATA EXTRACTION After selection, 22 randomized controlled trials were included and analyzed, most of which were performed in healthy individuals or patients with cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS The overall results seem to suggest a protective role of berries in vascular function, likely dependent on the time of exposure, the type and dose of berry, and the biomarkers analyzed. Flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index (markers of vascular reactivity) improved following short-term interventions, while pulse wave velocity and augmentation index (markers of arterial stiffness) improved only after medium- to long-term intervention. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that berries, at physiological relevant doses, may have a role in the modulation of vascular function and stiffness. High-quality human intervention trials are encouraged in order to strengthen these findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in such modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Basile U, Gulli F, Isgrò MA, Napodano C, Pocino K, Santini SA, Gragnani L, Conti L, Rossi E, Cordone I, Zignego AL, Rapaccini GL, Cigliana G, Berruti F, Todi L, Marino M, Di Stasio E. A novel biomarker score for the screening and management of patients with plasma cell proliferative disorders. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:4293-4302. [PMID: 31173301 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monoclonal plasma cell proliferative disorders comprise a wide spectrum of diseases associated to clonal B-cell expansion. Serum protein electrophoretic profile (SPEP) and circulating free light chains (FLCs) levels are the mainstay of diseases management. Recently, soluble (s) Syndecan-1 (SDC1, CD138) produced by myeloma plasma cells has been suggested in the monitoring and follow-up of patients with myeloma. The aim of our study is to evaluate sCD138 in addition with FLCs and SPEP for the screening of patients with different evolutive disease pathways. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sera from 73 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), 120 smoldering and 42 multiple myeloma (SMM and MM, respectively), 70 HCV-related mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), 35 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) and sera from 50 healthy donors (HD), were tested for sCD138, FLCs (assessed by means of ELISA and turbidimetric assay, respectively) and electrophoresis pattern (performed on Capillarys system) for the generation of a novel biomarker score (BS). RESULTS Our results were grouped according to the two main lines of disease progression (vs. MM or B-NHL): in one group we found BS mean values of 0.2, 3.4, 5.3, 7.1 for HD, MGUS, SMM and MM, respectively; in the other group of 0.2, 4.4, 6.7 for HD, MC and B-NHL. CONCLUSIONS We showed that BS mean values follow the ingravescence disease status towards the two main lines of progression to cancerous conditions; it could represent an additional useful tool in the management of screening and/or follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Basile
- Area Diagnostica di Laboratorio, UOC Chimica, Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Clinica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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