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Mishio M, Sudo E, Ozaki H, Oguchi R, Fujimoto R, Fujii N, Hikosaka K. Heterotic growth of hybrids of Arabidopsis thaliana is enhanced by elevated atmospheric CO 2. Am J Bot 2024:e16317. [PMID: 38634444 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE With the global atmospheric CO2 concentration on the rise, developing crops that can thrive in elevated CO2 has become paramount. We investigated the potential of hybridization as a strategy for creating crops with improved growth in predicted elevated atmospheric CO2. METHODS We grew parent accessions and their F1 hybrids of Arabidopsis thaliana in ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 and analyzed numerous growth traits to assess their productivity and underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The heterotic increase in total dry mass, relative growth rate and leaf net assimilation rate was significantly greater in elevated CO2 than in ambient CO2. The CO2 response of net assimilation rate was positively correlated with the CO2 response of leaf nitrogen productivity and with that of leaf traits such as leaf size and thickness, suggesting that hybridization-induced changes in leaf traits greatly affected the improved performance in elevated CO2. CONCLUSIONS Vegetative growth of hybrids seems to be enhanced in elevated CO2 due to improved photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency compared with parents. The results suggest that hybrid crops should be well-suited for future conditions, but hybrid weeds may also be more competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Mishio
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Sudo
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ozaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Translational Research Support Section, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
| | - Riichi Oguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 2000, Kisaichi, Katano, 576-0004, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Fujii
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Miyagi, Japan
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2
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Kumar P, Banday ZZ, Riley JL, Greenberg JT. Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Gene Expression Optimized for the Bioenergy Crop Camelina sativa. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4964. [PMID: 38618179 PMCID: PMC11006800 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Camelina sativa, a Brassicaceae family crop, is used for fodder, human food, and biofuels. Its relatively high resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, as well as being a climate-resilient oilseed crop, has contributed to its popularity. Camelina's seed yield and oil contents have been improved using various technologies like RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. A stable transformation system for protein localization and other cell autonomous investigations, on the other hand, is tedious and time consuming. This study describes a transient gene expression protocol for Camelina sativa cultivar DH55 leaves using Agrobacterium strain C58C1. The method is suitable for subcellular protein localization and colocalization studies and can be used with both constitutive and chemically induced genes. We report the subcellular localization of the N-terminal ER membrane signal anchor region (1-32 aa) of the At3G28580 gene-encoded protein from Arabidopsis in intact leaves and the expression and localization of other known organelle markers. This method offers a fast and convenient way to study proteins in the commercially important Camelina crop system. Key features • This method is based on the approach of Zhang et al. [1] and has been optimized for bioenergy crop Camelina species. • A constitutive and inducible transient gene expression in the hexaploid species Camelina sativa cultivar DH55. • Requires only 16-18 days to complete with high efficacy. Graphical overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology,
The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University
of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeeshan Z. Banday
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology,
The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John L. Riley
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology,
The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jean T. Greenberg
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology,
The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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3
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Gupta R, Tripathi DK, Singh VP. Unlocking a 'lock-key' mechanism governing pollen-pistil interactions. Trends Plant Sci 2024; 29:394-396. [PMID: 38104032 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Pollen-pistil interactions ensure genetic diversity and shape the reproductive success of plants. Lan et al. recently revealed that the interaction among various receptor-like kinases, cell-wall proteins, and stigmatic RALF peptides (sRALFs) or pollen RALF peptides (pRALFs) on the stigma surface govern the penetration of pollen tubes in members of the Brassicaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea.
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Laboratory, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida-201313, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211002, India
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Park TS, Min DJ, Park JS, Hong JS. The N-Terminal Region of Cucumber Mosaic Virus 2a Protein Is Involved in the Systemic Infection in Brassica juncea. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1001. [PMID: 38611534 PMCID: PMC11013781 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Brassica juncea belongs to the Brassicaceae family and is used as both an oilseed and vegetable crop. As only a few studies have reported on the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in B. juncea, we conducted this study to provide a basic understanding of the B. juncea and CMV interactions. B. juncea-infecting CMV (CMV-Co6) and non-infecting CMV (CMV-Rs1) were used. To identify the determinants of systemic infection in B. juncea, we first constructed infectious clones of CMV-Co6 and CMV-Rs1 and used them as pseudo-recombinants. RNA2 of CMV was identified as an important determinant in B. juncea because B. juncea were systemically infected with RNA2-containing pseudo-recombinants; CMV-Co6, R/6/R, and R/6/6 were systemically infected B. juncea. Subsequently, the amino acids of the 2a and 2b proteins were compared, and a chimeric clone was constructed. The chimeric virus R/6Rns/R6cp, containing the C-terminal region of the 2a protein of CMV-Rs1, still infects B. juncea. It is the 2a protein that determines the systemic CMV infection in B. juncea, suggesting that conserved 160G and 214A may play a role in systemic CMV infection in B. juncea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin-Sung Hong
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (T.-S.P.); (D.-J.M.); (J.-S.P.)
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5
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Khuman A, Yadav V, Chaudhary B. Evolutionary dynamics of the cytoskeletal profilin gene family in Brassica juncea L. reveal its roles in silique development and stress resilience. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131247. [PMID: 38565371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Essential to plant adaptation, cell wall (CW) integrity is maintained by CW-biosynthesis genes. Cytoskeletal actin-(de)polymerizing, phospholipid-binding profilin (PRF) proteins play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis across kingdoms. However, evolutionary selection of PRF genes and their systematic characterization in family Brassicaceae, especially in Brassica juncea remain unexplored. Here, a comprehensive analysis of genome-wide identification of BjPRFs, their phylogenetic association, genomic localization, gene structure, and transcriptional profiling were performed in an evolutionary framework. Identification of 23 BjPRFs in B. juncea indicated an evolutionary conservation within Brassicaceae. The BjPRFs evolved through paralogous and orthologous gene formation in Brassica genomes. Evolutionary divergence of BjPRFs indicated purifying selection, with nonsynonymous (dN)/synonymous (dS) value of 0.090 for orthologous gene-pairs. Hybrid homology-modeling identified evolutionary distinct and conserved domains in BjPRFs which suggested that these proteins evolved following the divergence of monocot and eudicot plants. RNA-seq profiles of BjPRFs revealed their functional evolution in spatiotemporal manner during plant-development and stress-conditions in diploid/amphidiploid Brassica species. Real-Time PCR experiments in seedling, vegetative, floral and silique tissues of B. juncea suggested their essential roles in systematic plant development. These observations underscore the expansion of BjPRFs in B. juncea, and offer valuable evolutionary insights for exploring cellular mechanisms, and stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vandana Yadav
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
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Šola I, Gmižić D, Pinterić M, Tot A, Ludwig-Müller J. Adjustments of the Phytochemical Profile of Broccoli to Low and High Growing Temperatures: Implications for the Bioactivity of Its Extracts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3677. [PMID: 38612494 PMCID: PMC11011926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change causes shifts in temperature patterns, and plants adapt their chemical content in order to survive. We compared the effect of low (LT) and high (HT) growing temperatures on the phytochemical content of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. convar. botrytis (L.) Alef. var. cymosa Duch.) microgreens and the bioactivity of their extracts. Using different spectrophotometric, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, and statistical methods, we found that LT increased the total phenolics and tannins in broccoli. The total glucosinolates were also increased by LT; however, they were decreased by HT. Soluble sugars, known osmoprotectants, were increased by both types of stress, considerably more by HT than LT, suggesting that HT causes a more intense osmotic imbalance. Both temperatures were detrimental for chlorophyll, with HT being more impactful than LT. HT increased hormone indole-3-acetic acid, implying an important role in broccoli's defense. Ferulic and sinapic acid showed a trade-off scheme: HT increased ferulic while LT increased sinapic acid. Both stresses decreased the potential of broccoli to act against H2O2 damage in mouse embryonal fibroblasts (MEF), human keratinocytes, and liver cancer cells. Among the tested cell types treated by H2O2, the most significant reduction in ROS (36.61%) was recorded in MEF cells treated with RT extracts. The potential of broccoli extracts to inhibit α-amylase increased following both temperature stresses; however, the inhibition of pancreatic lipase was increased by LT only. From the perspective of nutritional value, and based on the obtained results, we conclude that LT conditions result in more nutritious broccoli microgreens than HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šola
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daria Gmižić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Pinterić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Tot
- Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jutta Ludwig-Müller
- Faculty of Biology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany
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7
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Zhang T, Wang K, Dou S, Gao E, Hussey PJ, Lin Z, Wang P. Exo84c-regulated degradation is involved in the normal self-incompatible response in Brassicaceae. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113913. [PMID: 38442016 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The self-incompatibility system evolves in angiosperms to promote cross-pollination by rejecting self-pollination. Here, we show the involvement of Exo84c in the SI response of both Brassica napus and Arabidopsis. The expression of Exo84c is specifically elevated in stigma during the SI response. Knocking out Exo84c in B. napus and SI Arabidopsis partially breaks down the SI response. The SI response inhibits both the protein secretion in papillae and the recruitment of the exocyst complex to the pollen-pistil contact sites. Interestingly, these processes can be partially restored in exo84c SI Arabidopsis. After incompatible pollination, the turnover of the exocyst-labeled compartment is enhanced in papillae. However, this process is perturbed in exo84c SI Arabidopsis. Taken together, our results suggest that Exo84c regulates the exocyst complex vacuolar degradation during the SI response. This process is likely independent of the known SI pathway in Brassicaceae to secure the SI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shengwei Dou
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Erlin Gao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Patrick J Hussey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE Durham, UK
| | - Zongcheng Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China.
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8
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Triesch S, Denton AK, Bouvier JW, Buchmann JP, Reichel-Deland V, Guerreiro RNFM, Busch N, Schlüter U, Stich B, Kelly S, Weber APM. Transposable elements contribute to the establishment of the glycine shuttle in Brassicaceae species. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2024; 26:270-281. [PMID: 38168881 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
C3 -C4 intermediate photosynthesis has evolved at least five times convergently in the Brassicaceae, despite this family lacking bona fide C4 species. The establishment of this carbon concentrating mechanism is known to require a complex suite of ultrastructural modifications, as well as changes in spatial expression patterns, which are both thought to be underpinned by a reconfiguration of existing gene-regulatory networks. However, to date, the mechanisms which underpin the reconfiguration of these gene networks are largely unknown. In this study, we used a pan-genomic association approach to identify genomic features that could confer differential gene expression towards the C3 -C4 intermediate state by analysing eight C3 species and seven C3 -C4 species from five independent origins in the Brassicaceae. We found a strong correlation between transposable element (TE) insertions in cis-regulatory regions and C3 -C4 intermediacy. Specifically, our study revealed 113 gene models in which the presence of a TE within a gene correlates with C3 -C4 intermediate photosynthesis. In this set, genes involved in the photorespiratory glycine shuttle are enriched, including the glycine decarboxylase P-protein whose expression domain undergoes a spatial shift during the transition to C3 -C4 photosynthesis. When further interrogating this gene, we discovered independent TE insertions in its upstream region which we conclude to be responsible for causing the spatial shift in GLDP1 gene expression. Our findings hint at a pivotal role of TEs in the evolution of C3 -C4 intermediacy, especially in mediating differential spatial gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Triesch
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A K Denton
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J W Bouvier
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J P Buchmann
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Biological Data Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V Reichel-Deland
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R N F M Guerreiro
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N Busch
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - U Schlüter
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B Stich
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Kelly
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A P M Weber
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
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Liese B, Stock NL, Düwel J, Pilger C, Huser T, Müller C. Uptake of microplastics and impacts on plant traits of savoy cabbage. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 272:116086. [PMID: 38354433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic influences such as plastic pollution are causing serious environmental problems. While effects of microplastics on marine organisms are well studied, less is known about effects of plastic particles on terrestrial organisms such as plants. We investigated the effects of microplastic particles on different growth and metabolic traits of savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda). Sections of seedlings exposed to polystyrene particles were analysed by coherent Raman scattering microscopy. These analyses revealed an uptake of particles in a size range of 0.5 µm to 2.0 µm into cells of the hypocotyl. Furthermore, plants were grown in substrate amended with polyethylene and polystyrene particles of different sizes (s1: 200-500 µm; s2: 100-200 µm; s3: 20-100 µm; s4: < 100 µm, with most particles < 20 µm; s5: < 20 µm) and in different concentrations (c1 = 0.1%, c2 = 0.01%, c3 = 0.001%). After several weeks, shoot and root biomass were harvested. Leaves were analysed for their carbon to nitrogen ratio, while amino acid and glucosinolate composition were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Plastic type, particle size and concentration showed distinct effects on certain plant traits. Shoot biomass was interactively influenced by size and concentration of polyethylene, while root biomass was not modified by any of the plastic exposure treatments. Likewise, the composition and total concentrations of leaf amino acids were not affected, but the leucine concentration was significantly increased in several of the plastic-exposed plants. Glucosinolates were also slightly altered, depending on the particle size. Some of the observed effects may be independent of plastic uptake, as larger particles were not taken up but still could affect plant traits. For example, in the rhizosphere plastic particles may increase the water holding capacity of the soil, impacting some of the plant traits. In summary, this study shows how important the plastic type, particle size and concentration are for the uptake of microplastics and their effects on plant traits, which may have important implications for crops, but also for ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Liese
- Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Noah Lovis Stock
- Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Julian Düwel
- Biomolecular Photonics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Christian Pilger
- Biomolecular Photonics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Thomas Huser
- Biomolecular Photonics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Caroline Müller
- Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld 33615, Germany.
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10
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Jedličková V, Štefková M, Mandáková T, Sánchez López JF, Sedláček M, Lysak MA, Robert HS. Injection-based hairy root induction and plant regeneration techniques in Brassicaceae. Plant Methods 2024; 20:29. [PMID: 38368430 PMCID: PMC10874044 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hairy roots constitute a valuable tissue culture system for species that are difficult to propagate through conventional seed-based methods. Moreover, the generation of transgenic plants derived from hairy roots can be facilitated by employing carefully designed hormone-containing media. RESULTS We initiated hairy root formation in the rare crucifer species Asperuginoides axillaris via an injection-based protocol using the Agrobacterium strain C58C1 harboring a hairy root-inducing (Ri) plasmid and successfully regenerated plants from established hairy root lines. Our study confirms the genetic stability of both hairy roots and their derived regenerants and highlights their utility as a permanent source of mitotic chromosomes for cytogenetic investigations. Additionally, we have developed an effective embryo rescue protocol to circumvent seed dormancy issues in A. axillaris seeds. By using inflorescence primary stems of Arabidopsis thaliana and Cardamine hirsuta as starting material, we also established hairy root lines that were subsequently used for regeneration studies. CONCLUSION We developed efficient hairy root transformation and regeneration protocols for various crucifers, namely A. axillaris, A. thaliana, and C. hirsuta. Hairy roots and derived regenerants can serve as a continuous source of plant material for molecular and cytogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Jedličková
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Štefková
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juan Francisco Sánchez López
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Sedláček
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin A Lysak
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hélène S Robert
- Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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11
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Xiao TW, Song F, Vu DQ, Feng Y, Ge XJ. The evolution of ephemeral flora in Xinjiang, China: insights from plastid phylogenomic analyses of Brassicaceae. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:111. [PMID: 38360561 PMCID: PMC10868009 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ephemeral flora of northern Xinjiang, China, plays an important role in the desert ecosystems. However, the evolutionary history of this flora remains unclear. To gain new insights into its origin and evolutionary dynamics, we comprehensively sampled ephemeral plants of Brassicaceae, one of the essential plant groups of the ephemeral flora. RESULTS We reconstructed a phylogenetic tree using plastid genomes and estimated their divergence times. Our results indicate that ephemeral species began to colonize the arid areas in north Xinjiang during the Early Miocene and there was a greater dispersal of ephemeral species from the surrounding areas into the ephemeral community of north Xinjiang during the Middle and Late Miocene, in contrast to the Early Miocene or Pliocene periods. CONCLUSIONS Our findings, together with previous studies, suggest that the ephemeral flora originated in the Early Miocene, and species assembly became rapid from the Middle Miocene onwards, possibly attributable to global climate changes and regional geological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Wen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duc Quy Vu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Xue-Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Ji H, Liu J, Chen Y, Yu X, Luo C, Sang L, Zhou J, Liao H. Bioinformatic Analysis of Codon Usage Bias of HSP20 Genes in Four Cruciferous Species. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:468. [PMID: 38498447 PMCID: PMC10892267 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) serves as a chaperone and plays roles in numerous biological processes, but the codon usage bias (CUB) of its genes has remained unexplored. This study identified 140 HSP20 genes from four cruciferous species, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and Camelina sativa, that were identified from the Ensembl plants database, and we subsequently investigated their CUB. As a result, the base composition analysis revealed that the overall GC content of HSP20 genes was below 50%. The overall GC content significantly correlated with the constituents at three codon positions, implying that both mutation pressure and natural selection might contribute to the CUB. The relatively high ENc values suggested that the CUB of the HSP20 genes in four cruciferous species was relatively weak. Subsequently, ENc exhibited a negative correlation with gene expression levels. Analyses, including ENc-plot analysis, neutral analysis, and PR2 bias, revealed that natural selection mainly shaped the CUB patterns of HSP20 genes in these species. In addition, a total of 12 optimal codons (ΔRSCU > 0.08 and RSCU > 1) were identified across the four species. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis based on coding sequences (CDS) showed that the 140 HSP20 genes were strictly and distinctly clustered into 12 subfamilies. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis based on relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values supported the fact that the CUB pattern was consistent with the genetic relationship at the gene level and (or) species levels. These results will not only enrich the HSP20 gene resource but also advance our understanding of the CUB of HSP20 genes, which may underlie the theoretical basis for exploration of their genetic and evolutionary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiayu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (H.J.); (J.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.); (C.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Hai Liao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (H.J.); (J.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.); (C.L.); (L.S.)
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13
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Berthelier TH, Cabanac SC, Callot C, Bellec A, Mathé C, Jamet E, Dunand C. Evolutionary Analysis of Six Gene Families Part of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Gene Network in Three Brassicaceae Species. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1938. [PMID: 38339216 PMCID: PMC10856686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is expected to intensify the occurrence of abiotic stress in plants, such as hypoxia and salt stresses, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which need to be effectively managed by various oxido-reductases encoded by the so-called ROS gene network. Here, we studied six oxido-reductases families in three Brassicaceae species, Arabidopsis thaliana as well as Nasturtium officinale and Eutrema salsugineum, which are adapted to hypoxia and salt stress, respectively. Using available and new genomic data, we performed a phylogenomic analysis and compared RNA-seq data to study genomic and transcriptomic adaptations. This comprehensive approach allowed for the gaining of insights into the impact of the adaptation to saline or hypoxia conditions on genome organization (gene gains and losses) and transcriptional regulation. Notably, the comparison of the N. officinale and E. salsugineum genomes to that of A. thaliana highlighted changes in the distribution of ohnologs and homologs, particularly affecting class III peroxidase genes (CIII Prxs). These changes were specific to each gene, to gene families subjected to duplication events and to each species, suggesting distinct evolutionary responses. The analysis of transcriptomic data has allowed for the identification of genes related to stress responses in A. thaliana, and, conversely, to adaptation in N. officinale and E. salsugineum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Horst Berthelier
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Sébastien Christophe Cabanac
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Caroline Callot
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, INRAE, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Arnaud Bellec
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, INRAE, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Catherine Mathé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
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14
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Zhou R, Qin X, Hou J, Liu Y. Research progress on Brassicaceae plants: a bibliometrics analysis. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1285050. [PMID: 38357268 PMCID: PMC10864531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1285050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The Brassicaceae is a worldwide family that produces ornamental flowers, edible vegetables, and oilseed plants, with high economic value in agriculture, horticulture, and landscaping. This study used the Web of Science core dataset and the CiteSpace bibliometric tool to quantitatively visualize the number of publications, authors, institutions, and countries of 3139 papers related to Brassicaceae plants from 2002 to 2022. The keywords and references were divided into two phases: Phase 1 (2002-2011) and Phase 2 (2012-2022) for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results showed: An average annual publication volume of 149 articles, with an overall fluctuating upward trend; the research force was mainly led by Professor Ihsan A. Al-shehbaz from Missouri Botanical Garden; and the United States had the highest number of publications. In the first phase, research focused on the phylogeny of Brassicaceae plants, while the second phase delved into diverse research based on previous studies, research in areas such as polyploidy, molecular technique, physiology, and hyperaccumulator has been extended. Based on this research, we propounded some ideas for future studies on Brassicaceae plants and summarized the research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Zhou
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinsheng Qin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjun Hou
- College of Horticultural Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yining Liu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Jo S, Kim J, Yun NR, Lee C, Choi S, Kim SY. Characterization of the complete plastome sequence of Korean endemic, Cardamine glechomifolia H.Lév. ( Brassicaceae, Brassicales). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:133-137. [PMID: 38274850 PMCID: PMC10810622 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2305394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the complete plastome sequence of Cardamine glechomifolia H.Lév. 1913 (NCBI acc. no. OP894664). This plastome shows typical quadripartite structure. The plastome size is 154,307 bp, which consists of 84,015 bp large single-copy (LSC), 17,690 bp small single-copy (SSC), and 26,301 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions. The plastome contains 112 genes, including 78 protein-coding, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. The infA gene is pseudogenized. Sixteen genes contain one intron and two genes (clpP and ycf3) have two introns. The phylogenomic analysis conducted in our study reveals that the genus Cardamine, which encompasses C. glechomifolia, exhibits three distinct clades. In order to elucidate the interrelationship among the three clades, it is imperative to conduct additional investigations by augmenting the number of Cardamine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjin Jo
- International Biological Material Research Center (IBMRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinki Kim
- Operation Management Team, National Botanic Garden of Korea Native Plant, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Yun
- Department of Botany, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyoung Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center (IBMRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Choi
- International Biological Material Research Center (IBMRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yong Kim
- International Biological Material Research Center (IBMRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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16
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Younkin GC, Alani ML, Páez-Capador A, Fischer HD, Mirzaei M, Hastings AP, Agrawal AA, Jander G. Cardiac glycosides protect wormseed wallflower (Erysimum cheiranthoides) against some, but not all, glucosinolate-adapted herbivores. New Phytol 2024. [PMID: 38229566 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The chemical arms race between plants and insects is foundational to the generation and maintenance of biological diversity. We asked how the evolution of a novel defensive compound in an already well-defended plant lineage impacts interactions with diverse herbivores. Erysimum cheiranthoides (Brassicaceae), which produces both ancestral glucosinolates and novel cardiac glycosides, served as a model. We analyzed gene expression to identify cardiac glycoside biosynthetic enzymes in E. cheiranthoides and characterized these enzymes via heterologous expression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout. Using E. cheiranthoides cardiac glycoside-deficient lines, we conducted insect experiments in both the laboratory and field. EcCYP87A126 initiates cardiac glycoside biosynthesis via sterol side-chain cleavage, and EcCYP716A418 has a role in cardiac glycoside hydroxylation. In EcCYP87A126 knockout lines, cardiac glycoside production was eliminated. Laboratory experiments with these lines revealed that cardiac glycosides were highly effective defenses against two species of glucosinolate-tolerant specialist herbivores, but did not protect against all crucifer-feeding specialist herbivores in the field. Cardiac glycosides had lesser to no effect on two broad generalist herbivores. These results begin elucidation of the E. cheiranthoides cardiac glycoside biosynthetic pathway and demonstrate in vivo that cardiac glycoside production allows Erysimum to escape from some, but not all, specialist herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon C Younkin
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Martin L Alani
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | | | - Mahdieh Mirzaei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Amy P Hastings
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Anurag A Agrawal
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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17
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Dai G, Liu Y, Shen W, Zhu B, Chen L, Chen D, Tan C. Molecular evolution analysis of MYB5 in Brassicaceae with specific focus on seed coat color of Brassica napus. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:52. [PMID: 38229007 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04718-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYB transcription factors are splay a vital role in plant biology, with previous research highlighting the significant impact of the R2R3-MYB-like transcription factor MYB5 on seed mucilage biosynthesis, trichome branching, and seed coat development. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating its role in the regulation of proanthocyanidin (PA) biosynthesis. RESULTS In this study, a total of 51 MYB5 homologous genes were identified across 31 species belonging to the Brassicaceae family, with particular emphasis on Brassica napus for subsequent investigation. Through phylogenetic analysis, these genes were categorized into four distinct subclasses. Protein sequence similarity and identity analysis demonstrated a high degree of conservation of MYB5 among species within the Brassicaceae family. Additionally, the examination of selection pressure revealed that MYB5 predominantly underwent purifying selection during its evolutionary history, as indicated by the Ka/Ks values of all MYB5 homologous gene pairs being less than one. Notably, we observed a higher rate of non-synonymous mutations in orthologous genes compared to paralogous genes, and the Ka/Ks value displayed a stronger correlation with Ka. In B. napus, an examination of expression patterns in five tissues revealed that MYB5 exhibited particularly high expression in the black seed coat. The findings from the WGCNA demonstrated a robust correlation between MYB5 and BAN(ANR) associated with PA biosynthesis in the black seed coat, providing further evidence of their close association and co-expression. Furthermore, the results obtained from of the analysis of protein interaction networks offer supplementary support for the proposition that MYB5 possesses the capability to interact with transcriptional regulatory proteins, specifically TT8 and TT2, alongside catalytic enzymes implicated in the synthesis of PAs, thereby making a contribution to the biosynthesis of PAs. These findings imply a plausible and significant correlation between the nuique expression pattern of MYB5 and the pigmentation of rapeseed coats. Nevertheless, additional research endeavors are imperative to authenticate and substantiate these findings. CONCLUSIONS This study offers valuable insights into the genetic evolution of Brassicaceae plants, thereby serving as a significant reference for the genetic enhancement of Brassicaceae seed coat color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Wenjie Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Lunlin Chen
- Nanchang Branch of National Center of Oilcrops Improvement, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology, Crops Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China.
| | - Daozong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Chen Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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18
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Liu J, Hu JY, Li DZ. Remarkable mitochondrial genome heterogeneity in Meniocus linifolius ( Brassicaceae). Plant Cell Rep 2024; 43:36. [PMID: 38200362 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Detailed analyses of 16 genomes identified a remarkable acceleration of mutation rate, hence mitochondrial sequence and structural heterogeneity, in Meniocus linifolius (Brassicaceae). The powerhouse, mitochondria, in plants feature high levels of structural variation, while the encoded genes are normally conserved. However, the substitution rates and spectra of mitochondria DNA within the Brassicaceae, a family with substantial scientific and economic importance, have not been adequately deciphered. Here, by analyzing three newly assembled and 13 known mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes), we report the highly variable genome structure and mutation rates in Brassicaceae. The genome sizes and GC contents are 196,604 bp and 46.83%, 288,122 bp and 44.79%, and 287,054 bp and 44.93%, for Meniocus linifolius (Mli), Crucihimalaya lasiocarpa (Cla), and Lepidium sativum (Lsa), respectively. In total, 29, 33, and 34 protein-coding genes (PCGs) and 14, 18, and 18 tRNAs are annotated for Mli, Cla, and Lsa, respectively, while all mitogenomes contain one complete circular molecule with three rRNAs and abundant RNA editing sites. The Mli mitogenome features four conformations likely mediated by the two pairs of long repeats, while at the same time seems to have an unusual evolutionary history due to higher GC content, loss of more genes and sequences, but having more repeats and plastid DNA insertions. Corroborating with these, an ambiguous phylogenetic position with long branch length and elevated synonymous substitution rate in nearly all PCGs are observed for Mli. Taken together, our results reveal a high level of mitogenome heterogeneity at the family level and provide valuable resources for further understanding the evolutionary pattern of organelle genomes in Brassicaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity, Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jin-Yong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity, Biogeography of East Asia, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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19
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Mucina L, Mummenhoff K, Winter P, van Niekerk A, Mandáková T, Lysak MA. Drought and life-history strategies in Heliophila ( Brassicaceae). New Phytol 2024; 241:532-534. [PMID: 38031508 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Mucina
- Iluka Chair in Vegetation Science & Biogeography, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Klaus Mummenhoff
- Biology Department/Botany, Osnabrück University, Barbarastrasse 11, Osnabrück, 49076, Germany
| | - Pieter Winter
- Compton Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X7, Claremont, 7735, South Africa
| | - Adriaan van Niekerk
- Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin A Lysak
- CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
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20
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Garcia-Ibañez P, Silvan JM, Moreno DA, Carvajal M, Martinez-Rodriguez AJ. Influence of Source Materials, Concentration, Gastric Digestion, and Encapsulation on the Bioactive Response of Brassicaceae-Derived Samples against Helicobacter pylori. Microorganisms 2023; 12:77. [PMID: 38257906 PMCID: PMC10820487 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Isothiocyanates may have antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, but there are different variables related to Brassicaceae-derived samples that could affect their efficacy. This work studied the influence of source variety, concentration, gastric digestion, and encapsulation of samples on their bioactive response against Helicobacter pylori. The antibacterial activity of raw sprouts (red cabbage and red radish) showed the highest antibacterial effect, which was consistent with a higher amount of isothiocyanates. It decreased with gastric digestion, regardless of sample encapsulation. By contrast, adult red radish leaves became antibacterial after gastric digestion. Antioxidant activity on H. pylori-infected gastric cells was similar in all samples and followed an equivalent pattern with the changes in isothiocyanates. Raw samples decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species production, but they lost this capacity after gastric digestion, regardless whether the compounds were free or encapsulated. Red cabbage sprouts, red radish sprouts, and red radish roots produced a decrease in nitric oxide production. It was consistent with a modulation of the inflammatory response and was associated to isothiocyanates concentration. Encapsulated sprout samples retained part of their anti-inflammatory activity after gastric digestion. Adult raw red radish leaves were not active, but after digestion, they became anti-inflammatory. The results obtained in this study have shown that several variables could have a significant impact on the bioactive properties of Brassicaceae-derived samples against H. pylori, providing a starting point for the design and standardization of samples with specific bioactivities (antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory) potentially useful for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Garcia-Ibañez
- Grupo de Aquaporinas, Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-I.); (M.C.)
| | - Jose Manuel Silvan
- Grupo de Microbiología y Biocatálisis de Alimentos (MICROBIO), Departamento de Biotecnología y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego A. Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Grupo de Aquaporinas, Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-I.); (M.C.)
| | - Adolfo J. Martinez-Rodriguez
- Grupo de Microbiología y Biocatálisis de Alimentos (MICROBIO), Departamento de Biotecnología y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Jing Y, Watanabe M, Aarabi F, Fernie AR, Borghi M, Tohge T. Cross-Species Metabolomic Analyses in the Brassicaceae Reveals Common Responses to Ultraviolet-B Exposure. Plant Cell Physiol 2023; 64:1523-1533. [PMID: 37572104 PMCID: PMC10734891 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to UV-B radiation, an intrinsic component of solar light, is detrimental to all living organisms as chromophore units of DNA, RNA and proteins readily absorb high-energy photons. Indirect damage to the same molecules and lipids is mediated by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, a side effect of exposure to UV-B stress. To protect themselves from UV-B radiation, plants produce phytochemical sunscreens, among which flavonoids have shown to be particularly effective. The core aglycone of flavonoid molecules is subjected to chemical decoration, such as glycosylation and acylation, further improving sunscreen properties. In particular, acylation, which adds a phenolic ring to flavonoid molecules, enhances the spectral absorption of UV-A and UV-B rays, providing to this class of compounds exceptional shielding power. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the responses to UV-B radiation in four Brassicaceae species, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea, and Brassica rapa. Our study revealed a complete reprogramming of the central metabolic pathway in response to UV-B radiation characterized by increased production of functional precursors of specialized metabolites with UV-B shielding properties, indicating a targeted effort of plant metabolism to provide increased protection. The analysis of specialized metabolites and transcripts revealed the activation of the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway, leading to the production of specific classes of flavonoids and a cross-species increase in phenylacylated-flavonoid glucosides with synapoyl glycoside decorations. Interestingly, our analysis also revealed that acyltransferase genes of the class of serine carboxypeptidase-like (SCPLs) proteins are costitutively expressed, but downregulated in response to UV-B radiation, possibly independently of the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jing
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Mutsumi Watanabe
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Fayezeh Aarabi
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Monica Borghi
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84321-5305, USA
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
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22
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Lee TH, Yoon DH, Park KJ, Hong SM, Kim M, Kim SY, Kim CS, Lee KR. Neurotrophic phenolic glycosides from the roots of Armoracia rusticana. Phytochemistry 2023; 216:113886. [PMID: 37806466 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Armoracia rusticana P. G. Gaertner. belongs to the Brassicaceae family and has aroused scientific interest for its anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. In a continuing investigation to discover bioactive constituents from A. rusticana, we isolated 19 phenolic glycosides including three undescribed flavonol glycosides and one undescribed neolignan glycoside from MeOH extract of this plant. Their structures were elucidated based on NMR spectroscopic analysis (1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC), HRESIMS, and chemical methods. The determination of their absolute configuration was accomplished by ECD and LC-MS analysis. All the compounds were assessed for their potential neurotrophic activity through induction of nerve growth factor in C6 glioma cell lines and for their anti-neuroinflammatory activity based on the measurement of inhibition levels of nitric oxide production and pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia BV-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Yoon
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Jin Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Min Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kang Ro Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Lu J, Dreyer I, Dickinson MS, Panzer S, Jaślan D, Navarro-Retamal C, Geiger D, Terpitz U, Becker D, Stroud RM, Marten I, Hedrich R. Vicia faba SV channel VfTPC1 is a hyperexcitable variant of plant vacuole Two Pore Channels. eLife 2023; 12:e86384. [PMID: 37991833 PMCID: PMC10665017 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To fire action-potential-like electrical signals, the vacuole membrane requires the two-pore channel TPC1, formerly called SV channel. The TPC1/SV channel functions as a depolarization-stimulated, non-selective cation channel that is inhibited by luminal Ca2+. In our search for species-dependent functional TPC1 channel variants with different luminal Ca2+ sensitivity, we found in total three acidic residues present in Ca2+ sensor sites 2 and 3 of the Ca2+-sensitive AtTPC1 channel from Arabidopsis thaliana that were neutral in its Vicia faba ortholog and also in those of many other Fabaceae. When expressed in the Arabidopsis AtTPC1-loss-of-function background, wild-type VfTPC1 was hypersensitive to vacuole depolarization and only weakly sensitive to blocking luminal Ca2+. When AtTPC1 was mutated for these VfTPC1-homologous polymorphic residues, two neutral substitutions in Ca2+ sensor site 3 alone were already sufficient for the Arabidopsis At-VfTPC1 channel mutant to gain VfTPC1-like voltage and luminal Ca2+ sensitivity that together rendered vacuoles hyperexcitable. Thus, natural TPC1 channel variants exist in plant families which may fine-tune vacuole excitability and adapt it to environmental settings of the particular ecological niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lu
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Universidad de Talca, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and ModelingTalcaChile
| | - Miles Sasha Dickinson
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Sabine Panzer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Department of Biotechnology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Dawid Jaślan
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
- Ludwig Maximilians-Universität, Faculty of Medicine, Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMunichGermany
| | - Carlos Navarro-Retamal
- Universidad de Talca, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and ModelingTalcaChile
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of MarylandCollege ParkUnited States
| | - Dietmar Geiger
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Ulrich Terpitz
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Department of Biotechnology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Dirk Becker
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Robert M Stroud
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Irene Marten
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
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Younkin GC, Alani ML, Capador AP, Fischer HD, Mirzaei M, Hastings AP, Agrawal AA, Jander G. Cardiac glycosides protect wormseed wallflower ( Erysimum cheiranthoides) against some, but not all, glucosinolate-adapted herbivores. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.19.558517. [PMID: 37790475 PMCID: PMC10542140 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The chemical arms race between plants and insects is foundational to the generation and maintenance of biological diversity. We asked how the evolution of a novel defensive compound in an already well-defended plant lineage impacts interactions with diverse herbivores. Erysimum cheiranthoides (Brassicaceae), which produces both ancestral glucosinolates and novel cardiac glycosides, served as a model.We analyzed gene expression to identify cardiac glycoside biosynthetic enzymes in E. cheiranthoides and characterized these enzymes via heterologous expression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout. Using E. cheiranthoides cardiac glycoside-deficient lines, we conducted insect experiments in both the laboratory and field.EcCYP87A126 initiates cardiac glycoside biosynthesis via sterol side chain cleavage, and EcCYP716A418 has a role in cardiac glycoside hydroxylation. In EcCYP87A126 knockout lines, cardiac glycoside production was eliminated. Laboratory experiments with these lines revealed that cardiac glycosides were highly effective defenses against two species of glucosinolate-tolerant specialist herbivores but did not protect against all crucifer-feeding specialist herbivores in the field. Cardiac glycosides had lesser to no effect on two broad generalist herbivores.These results begin elucidation of the E. cheiranthoides cardiac glycoside biosynthetic pathway and demonstrate in vivo that cardiac glycoside production allows Erysimum to escape from some, but not all, specialist herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon C. Younkin
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Martin L. Alani
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | | | - Mahdieh Mirzaei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Amy P. Hastings
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anurag A. Agrawal
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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25
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Zou Z, Zheng Y, Xie Z. Analysis of Carica papaya Informs Lineage-Specific Evolution of the Aquaporin (AQP) Family in Brassicales. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3847. [PMID: 38005748 PMCID: PMC10674200 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), a type of intrinsic membrane proteins that transport water and small solutes across biological membranes, play crucial roles in plant growth and development. This study presents a first genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of the AQP gene family in papaya (Carica papaya L.), an economically and nutritionally important fruit tree of tropical and subtropical regions. A total of 29 CpAQP genes were identified, which represent five subfamilies, i.e., nine plasma intrinsic membrane proteins (PIPs), eight tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), seven NOD26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), two X intrinsic proteins (XIPs), and three small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs). Although the family is smaller than the 35 members reported in Arabidopsis, it is highly diverse, and the presence of CpXIP genes as well as orthologs in Moringa oleifera and Bretschneidera sinensis implies that the complete loss of the XIP subfamily in Arabidopsis is lineage-specific, sometime after its split with papaya but before Brassicaceae-Cleomaceae divergence. Reciprocal best hit-based sequence comparison of 530 AQPs and synteny analyses revealed that CpAQP genes belong to 29 out of 61 identified orthogroups, and lineage-specific evolution was frequently observed in Brassicales. Significantly, the well-characterized NIP3 group was completely lost; lineage-specific loss of the NIP8 group in Brassicaceae occurred sometime before the divergence with Cleomaceae, and lineage-specific loss of NIP2 and SIP3 groups in Brassicaceae occurred sometime after the split with Cleomaceae. In contrast to a predominant role of recent whole-genome duplications (WGDs) on the family expansion in B. sinensis, Tarenaya hassleriana, and Brassicaceae plants, no recent AQP repeats were identified in papaya, and ancient WGD repeats are mainly confined to the PIP subfamily. Subfamily even group-specific evolution was uncovered via comparing exon-intron structures, conserved motifs, the aromatic/arginine selectivity filter, and gene expression profiles. Moreover, down-regulation during fruit ripening and expression divergence of duplicated CpAQP genes were frequently observed in papaya. These findings will not only improve our knowledge on lineage-specific family evolution in Brassicales, but also provide valuable information for further studies of AQP genes in papaya and species beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
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26
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GÜMÜŞOK S, KIRCI D, DEMIRCI B, KILIÇ CS. Essential Oil Composition of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Aerial Parts. Turk J Pharm Sci 2023; 20:341-344. [PMID: 37933758 PMCID: PMC10631367 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2022.15098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Capsella Medik. belongs to Brassicaceae family and is represented by 4 species in Türkiye. Among them, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. is a cosmopolite species and grows naturally throughout Türkiye. There have been a few studies on the essential oil composition of different parts of the plant, and, as far as we are concerned, the essential oil composition of the plant growing in Türkiye has not been studied previously. Thus, in this study, we isolated and analyzed the essential oil composition of the aerial parts of C. bursa-pastoris growing naturally in Ankara, Türkiye. Materials and Methods Plant material was collected from Ankara University, Tandoğan Campus, and essential oil of the aerial parts was obtained from hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus for 3 h and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection and GC-mass spectrometry simultaneously. Results The essential oil yield was determined to be 0.2%, and 90.2% of the essential oil composition was identified, corresponding to 21 components. The major components of the oil were determined to be nonacosane (19.6%), phytol (19.3%), pentacosane (13.5%), heptacosane (9.9%), and hexadecanoic acid (9.9%). Conclusion Phytol was found to be the main component of the essential oil of leaves and aerial parts (16.34% and 13.14, respectively) in a literature study consistent with the results of our study. The essential oil content of other parts of the species, along with species collected from different localities, would be an important contribution to the species and the genus and should be performed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa GÜMÜŞOK
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Damla KIRCI
- Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Eskişehir, Türkiye
- Selçuk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Betül DEMIRCI
- Selçuk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Ceyda Sibel KILIÇ
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Ankara, Türkiye
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27
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Guerreiro R, Bonthala VS, Schlüter U, Hoang NV, Triesch S, Schranz ME, Weber APM, Stich B. A genomic panel for studying C3-C4 intermediate photosynthesis in the Brassiceae tribe. Plant Cell Environ 2023; 46:3611-3627. [PMID: 37431820 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Research on C4 and C3-C4 photosynthesis has attracted significant attention because the understanding of the genetic underpinnings of these traits will support the introduction of its characteristics into commercially relevant crop species. We used a panel of 19 taxa of 18 Brassiceae species with different photosynthesis characteristics (C3 and C3-C4) with the following objectives: (i) create draft genome assemblies and annotations, (ii) quantify orthology levels using synteny maps between all pairs of taxa, (iii) describe the phylogenetic relatedness across all the species, and (iv) track the evolution of C3-C4 intermediate photosynthesis in the Brassiceae tribe. Our results indicate that the draft de novo genome assemblies are of high quality and cover at least 90% of the gene space. Therewith we more than doubled the sampling depth of genomes of the Brassiceae tribe that comprises commercially important as well as biologically interesting species. The gene annotation generated high-quality gene models, and for most genes extensive upstream sequences are available for all taxa, yielding potential to explore variants in regulatory sequences. The genome-based phylogenetic tree of the Brassiceae contained two main clades and indicated that the C3-C4 intermediate photosynthesis has evolved five times independently. Furthermore, our study provides the first genomic support of the hypothesis that Diplotaxis muralis is a natural hybrid of D. tenuifolia and D. viminea. Altogether, the de novo genome assemblies and the annotations reported in this study are a valuable resource for research on the evolution of C3-C4 intermediate photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Guerreiro
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Venkata Suresh Bonthala
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Urte Schlüter
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nam V Hoang
- Biosystematics Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Triesch
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benjamin Stich
- Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
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28
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Lan Z, Song Z, Wang Z, Li L, Liu Y, Zhi S, Wang R, Wang J, Li Q, Bleckmann A, Zhang L, Dresselhaus T, Dong J, Gu H, Zhong S, Qu LJ. Antagonistic RALF peptides control an intergeneric hybridization barrier on Brassicaceae stigmas. Cell 2023; 186:4773-4787.e12. [PMID: 37806310 PMCID: PMC10615786 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Pollen-pistil interactions establish interspecific/intergeneric pre-zygotic hybridization barriers in plants. The rejection of undesired pollen at the stigma is crucial to avoid outcrossing but can be overcome with the support of mentor pollen. The mechanisms underlying this hybridization barrier are largely unknown. Here, in Arabidopsis, we demonstrate that receptor-like kinases FERONIA/CURVY1/ANJEA/HERCULES RECEPTOR KINASE 1 and cell wall proteins LRX3/4/5 interact on papilla cell surfaces with autocrine stigmatic RALF1/22/23/33 peptide ligands (sRALFs) to establish a lock that blocks the penetration of undesired pollen tubes. Compatible pollen-derived RALF10/11/12/13/25/26/30 peptides (pRALFs) act as a key, outcompeting sRALFs and enabling pollen tube penetration. By treating Arabidopsis stigmas with synthetic pRALFs, we unlock the barrier, facilitating pollen tube penetration from distantly related Brassicaceae species and resulting in interspecific/intergeneric hybrid embryo formation. Therefore, we uncover a "lock-and-key" system governing the hybridization breadth of interspecific/intergeneric crosses in Brassicaceae. Manipulating this system holds promise for facilitating broad hybridization in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaihua Zhi
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruihan Wang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizong Wang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrea Bleckmann
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas Dresselhaus
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Juan Dong
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Hongya Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Kim YH, Mao S, Sahu N, Somaddar U, Kim HT, Watanabe M, Park JI. Molecular Marker Development for the Rapid Differentiation of Black Rot Causing Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Race 7. Plant Pathol J 2023; 39:494-503. [PMID: 37817495 PMCID: PMC10580059 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.07.2023.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is a plant pathogen of Brassica crops that causes black rot disease throughout the world. At present, 11 physiological races of Xcc (races 1-11) have been reported. The conventional method of using differential cultivars for Xcc race detection is not accurate and it is laborious and time-consuming. Therefore, the development of specific molecular markers has been used as a substitute tool because it offers an accurate and reliable result, particularly a quick diagnosis of Xcc races. Previously, our laboratory has successfully developed race-specific molecular markers for Xcc races 1-6. In this study, specific molecular markers to identify Xcc race 7 have been developed. In the course of study, whole genome sequences of several Xcc races, X. campestris pv. incanae, X. campestris pv. raphani, and X. campestris pv. vesicatoria were aligned to identify variable regions like sequence-characterized amplified regions and insertions and deletions specific to race 7. Primer pairs were designed targeting these regions and validated against 22 samples. The polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that three primer pairs specifically amplified the DNA fragment corresponding to race 7. The obtained finding clearly demonstrates the efficiency of the newly developed markers in accurately detecting Xcc race 7 among the other races. These results indicated that the newly developed marker can successfully and rapidly detect Xcc race 7 from other races. This study represents the first report on the successful development of specific molecular markers for Xcc race 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Sopheap Mao
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Nihar Sahu
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Uzzal Somaddar
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Hoy-Taek Kim
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Masao Watanabe
- Graduate School of Life Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Graduate School of Life Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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30
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Hay NM, Windham MD, Mandáková T, Lysak MA, Hendriks KP, Mummenhoff K, Lens F, Pryer KM, Bailey CD. A Hyb-Seq phylogeny of Boechera and related genera using a combination of Angiosperms353 and Brassicaceae-specific bait sets. Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16226. [PMID: 37561651 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Although Boechera (Boechereae, Brassicaceae) has become a plant model system for both ecological genomics and evolutionary biology, all previous phylogenetic studies have had limited success in resolving species relationships within the genus. The recent effective application of sequence data from target enrichment approaches to resolve the evolutionary relationships of several other challenging plant groups prompted us to investigate their usefulness in Boechera and Boechereae. METHODS To resolve the phylogeny of Boechera and closely related genera, we utilized the Hybpiper pipeline to analyze two combined bait sets: Angiosperms353, with broad applicability across flowering plants; and a Brassicaceae-specific bait set designed for use in the mustard family. Relationships for 101 samples representing 81 currently recognized species were inferred from a total of 1114 low-copy nuclear genes using both supermatrix and species coalescence methods. RESULTS Our analyses resulted in a well-resolved and highly supported phylogeny of the tribe Boechereae. Boechereae is divided into two major clades, one comprising all western North American species of Boechera, the other encompassing the eight other genera of the tribe. Our understanding of relationships within Boechera is enhanced by the recognition of three core clades that are further subdivided into robust regional species complexes. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the first broadly sampled, well-resolved phylogeny for most known sexual diploid Boechera. This effort provides the foundation for a new phylogenetically informed taxonomy of Boechera that is crucial for its continued use as a model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai M Hay
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, 27708, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael D Windham
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, 27708, North Carolina, USA
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin A Lysak
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research (NCBR), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kasper P Hendriks
- Department of Biology/Botany, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 11, Osnabrück, D-49076, Germany
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Mummenhoff
- Department of Biology/Botany, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 11, Osnabrück, D-49076, Germany
| | - Frederic Lens
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Plant Sciences, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kathleen M Pryer
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, 27708, North Carolina, USA
| | - C Donovan Bailey
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA
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Xiong YZ, Kappel C, Hagemann L, Jantzen F, Wozniak N, Sicard A, Huang SQ, Lenhard M. Testing the effect of individual scent compounds on pollinator attraction in nature using quasi-isogenic Capsella lines. Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16237. [PMID: 37661924 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Floral scent, usually consisting of multiple compounds, is a complex trait, and its role in pollinator attraction has received increasing attention. However, disentangling the effect of individual floral scent compounds is difficult due to the complexity of isolating the effect of single compounds by traditional methods. METHODS Using available quasi-isogenic lines (qILs) that were generated as part of the original mapping of the floral scent volatile-related loci CNL1 (benzaldehyde) and TPS2 (β-ocimene) in Capsella, we generated four genotypes that should only differ in these two compounds. Plants of the four genotypes were introduced into a common garden outside the natural range of C. rubella or C. grandiflora, with individuals of a self-compatible C. grandiflora line as pollen donors, whose different genetic background facilitates the detection of outcrossing events. Visitors to flowers of all five genotypes were compared, and the seeds set during the common-garden period were collected for high-throughput amplicon-based sequencing to estimate their outcrossing rates. RESULTS Benzaldehyde and β-ocimene emissions were detected in the floral scent of corresponding genotypes. While some pollinator groups showed specific visitation preferences depending on scent compounds, the outcrossing rates in seeds did not vary among the four scent-manipulated genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The scent-manipulated Capsella materials constructed using qILs provide a powerful system to study the ecological effects of individual floral scent compounds under largely natural environments. In Capsella, individual benzaldehyde and β-ocimene emission may act as attractants for different types of pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ze Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Luoyu Avenue 152, 430079, Wuhan, China
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christian Kappel
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Laura Hagemann
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Jantzen
- Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Wozniak
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Adrien Sicard
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala Biocenter, BOX 7080, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shuang-Quan Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Luoyu Avenue 152, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael Lenhard
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Li M, Wang XL, Zhang JK, Zeng MN, Sun YJ, Chen H, Hao ZY, Feng WS, Zheng XK. Two new flavonoid thioglucosides from the seeds of Lepidium apetalum. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2023; 25:976-982. [PMID: 36946084 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2190519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed flavonoid thioglucosides lepidiumflavonosides A and B (1-2) and two known megastigmane compounds (7E,9S)-9-hydroxy-5,7-megastigmadien-4-one 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and (9S)-4-oxo-β-inol β-D-glucopyranoside (4) were isolated from the water extract of the seeds of Lepidium apetalum Willd. The structural elucidation of isolated compounds was unambiguously determined based on extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their estrogen-like effects on MCF-7 cells in vitro. The results showed that compounds 1-4 significantly promoted the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, and the proliferation was antagonized by the specific ER antagonist ICI182,780, suggesting that compounds 1-4 might have the estrogen-like effect in vitro potentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jing-Ke Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Meng-Nan Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yan-Jun Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhi-You Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Huang Y, Guo X, Zhang K, Mandáková T, Cheng F, Lysak MA. The meso-octoploid Heliophila variabilis genome sheds a new light on the impact of polyploidization and diploidization on the diversity of the Cape flora. Plant J 2023; 116:446-466. [PMID: 37428465 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the South African Cape flora is one of the most remarkable biodiversity hotspots, its high diversity has not been associated with polyploidy. Here, we report the chromosome-scale genome assembly of an ephemeral cruciferous species Heliophila variabilis (~334 Mb, n = 11) adapted to South African semiarid biomes. Two pairs of differently fractionated subgenomes suggest an allo-octoploid origin of the genome at least 12 million years ago. The ancestral octoploid Heliophila genome (2n = 8x = ~60) has probably originated through hybridization between two allotetraploids (2n = 4x = ~30) formed by distant, intertribal, hybridization. Rediploidization of the ancestral genome was marked by extensive reorganization of parental subgenomes, genome downsizing, and speciation events in the genus Heliophila. We found evidence for loss-of-function changes in genes associated with leaf development and early flowering, and over-retention and sub/neofunctionalization of genes involved in pathogen response and chemical defense. The genomic resources of H. variabilis will help elucidate the role of polyploidization and genome diploidization in plant adaptation to hot arid environments and origin of the Cape flora. The sequenced H. variabilis represents the first chromosome-scale genome assembly of a meso-octoploid representative of the mustard family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Huang
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research (NCBR), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Xinyi Guo
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Feng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural Genomics, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Martin A Lysak
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research (NCBR), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
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Mokhtari M, Chabani S, Alabdul Magid A, Benkhaled M, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L, Haba H. A new flavonoid glycoside from the aerial parts of Diplotaxis erucoides (L.) DC. growing in Algeria. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3426-3433. [PMID: 35608181 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2078972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical study of the 70% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Diplotaxis erucoides afforded one new flavonoid glycoside, namely kaempferol-3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside]-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), named diploerucoside A and seven known compounds including one flavonoid (2), one phenolic glycoside (3), one monoterpene (4), one triterpene (5), one sitosterol (6) and two monoglycerolipids (7, 8). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1 D- and 2 D-NMR (1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC), mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and by comparison with the data reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Mokhtari
- Faculty of Sciences of the Matter, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (L.C.C.E), University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
| | - Sonia Chabani
- Faculty of Sciences of the Matter, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (L.C.C.E), University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
- Higher National School of Renewable Energies, Environment and Sustainable Development, Batna, Algeria
| | | | - Mohammed Benkhaled
- Faculty of Sciences of the Matter, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (L.C.C.E), University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
| | | | - Hamada Haba
- Faculty of Sciences of the Matter, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (L.C.C.E), University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
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Blume RY, Kalendar R, Guo L, Cahoon EB, Blume YB. Overcoming genetic paucity of Camelina sativa: possibilities for interspecific hybridization conditioned by the genus evolution pathway. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1259431. [PMID: 37818316 PMCID: PMC10561096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1259431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Camelina or false flax (Camelina sativa) is an emerging oilseed crop and a feedstock for biofuel production. This species is believed to originate from Western Asian and Eastern European regions, where the center of diversity of the Camelina genus is located. Cultivated Camelina species arose via a series of polyploidization events, serving as bottlenecks narrowing genetic diversity of the species. The genetic paucity of C. sativa is foreseen as the most crucial limitation for successful breeding and improvement of this crop. A potential solution to this challenge could be gene introgression from Camelina wild species or from resynthesized allohexaploid C. sativa. However, both approaches would require a complete comprehension of the evolutionary trajectories that led to the C. sativa origin. Although there are some studies discussing the origin and evolution of Camelina hexaploid species, final conclusions have not been made yet. Here, we propose the most complete integrated evolutionary model for the Camelina genus based on the most recently described findings, which enables efficient improvement of C. sativa via the interspecific hybridization with its wild relatives. We also discuss issues of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization, aimed on improving C. sativa and overcoming the genetic paucity of this crop. The proposed comprehensive evolutionary model of Camelina species indicates that a newly described species Camelina neglecta has a key role in origin of tetra- and hexaploids, all of which have two C. neglecta-based subgenomes. Understanding of species evolution within the Camelina genus provides insights into further research on C. sativa improvements via gene introgression from wild species, and a potential resynthesis of this emerging oilseed crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostyslav Y. Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ruslan Kalendar
- Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Edgar B. Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Yaroslav B. Blume
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Vega-Galvez A, Uribe E, Pasten A, Camus J, Rojas M, Garcia V, Araya M, Valenzuela-Barra G, Zambrano A, Goñi MG. Low-Temperature Vacuum Drying on Broccoli: Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Proliferative Properties Regarding Other Drying Methods. Foods 2023; 12:3311. [PMID: 37685242 PMCID: PMC10486434 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature vacuum drying (LTVD) has shown great potential for drying vegetables. It could avoid excessive degradations of active compounds with potential therapeutic agents. In this study, the effect on several relevant bioactive compounds, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-proliferative activity of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) were evaluated. Effects of other drying methods, including vacuum drying (VD), convective drying (CD), infrared drying (IRD), and freeze drying (FD), were also comparatively evaluated. The results of all dried samples showed high polyunsaturated fatty acid contents (of up to 71.3%) and essential amino acid contents (of up to 8.63%). The LTVD method stands out above the other drying methods, since it obtained the highest content of total phenols, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. Both the LTVD and CD samples demonstrated high anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. These CD and LTVD samples were also the most active against the breast carcinoma MDA-MB-23 cell line. Due to the good retention of bioactive compounds via LTVD, the obtained dried broccoli here can be used in a near time as an ingredient for the development of novel natural products with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vega-Galvez
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile; (E.U.); (A.P.); (J.C.); (M.R.); (V.G.)
| | - Elsa Uribe
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile; (E.U.); (A.P.); (J.C.); (M.R.); (V.G.)
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena 1700000, Chile
| | - Alexis Pasten
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile; (E.U.); (A.P.); (J.C.); (M.R.); (V.G.)
| | - Javiera Camus
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile; (E.U.); (A.P.); (J.C.); (M.R.); (V.G.)
| | - Michelle Rojas
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile; (E.U.); (A.P.); (J.C.); (M.R.); (V.G.)
| | - Vivian Garcia
- Food Engineering Department, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena 1700000, Chile; (E.U.); (A.P.); (J.C.); (M.R.); (V.G.)
| | - Michael Araya
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile;
| | - Gabriela Valenzuela-Barra
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Angara Zambrano
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla P.O. Box 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Maria Gabriela Goñi
- Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería en Alimentos, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1000-1499, Argentina
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Boyd JN, Baskauf C, Lindsay A, Anderson JT, Brzyski J, Cruse‐Sanders J. Phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity shed light on endemism of rare Boechera perstellata and its potential vulnerability to climate warming. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10540. [PMID: 37720057 PMCID: PMC10502469 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid pace of contemporary environmental change puts many species at risk, especially rare species constrained by limited capacity to adapt or migrate due to low genetic diversity and/or fitness. But the ability to acclimate can provide another way to persist through change. We compared the capacity of rare Boechera perstellata (Braun's rockcress) and widespread B. laevigata to acclimate to change. We investigated the phenotypic plasticity of growth, biomass allocation, and leaf morphology of individuals of B. perstellata and B. laevigata propagated from seed collected from several populations throughout their ranges in a growth chamber experiment to assess their capacity to acclimate. Concurrently, we assessed the genetic diversity of sampled populations using 17 microsatellite loci to assess evolutionary potential. Plasticity was limited in both rare B. perstellata and widespread B. laevigata, but differences in the plasticity of root traits between species suggest that B. perstellata may have less capacity to acclimate to change. In contrast to its widespread congener, B. perstellata exhibited no plasticity in response to temperature and weaker plastic responses to water availability. As expected, B. perstellata also had lower levels of observed heterozygosity than B. laevigata at the species level, but population-level trends in diversity measures were inconsistent due to high heterogeneity among B. laevigata populations. Overall, the ability of phenotypic plasticity to broadly explain the rarity of B. perstellata versus commonness of B. laevigata is limited. However, some contextual aspects of our plasticity findings compared with its relatively low genetic variability may shed light on the narrow range and habitat associations of B. perstellata and suggest its vulnerability to climate warming due to acclimatory and evolutionary constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nagel Boyd
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Tennessee at ChattanoogaChattanoogaTennesseeUSA
| | - Carol Baskauf
- Department of BiologyAustin Peay State UniversityClarksvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Annie Lindsay
- Department of BiologyAustin Peay State UniversityClarksvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jill T. Anderson
- Department of Genetics, Odum School of Ecology, Davison Life SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jessica Brzyski
- Department of BiologySeton Hill UniversityGreensburgPennsylvaniaUSA
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Cárdenas PD, Landtved JP, Larsen SH, Lindegaard N, Wøhlk S, Jensen KR, Pattison DI, Burow M, Bak S, Crocoll C, Agerbirk N. Phytoalexins of the crucifer Barbarea vulgaris: Structural profile and correlation with glucosinolate turnover. Phytochemistry 2023; 213:113742. [PMID: 37269935 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phytoalexins are antimicrobial plant metabolites elicited by microbial attack or abiotic stress. We investigated phytoalexin profiles after foliar abiotic elicitation in the crucifer Barbarea vulgaris and interactions with the glucosinolate-myrosinase system. The treatment for abiotic elicitation was a foliar spray with CuCl2 solution, a usual eliciting agent, and three independent experiments were carried out. Two genotypes of B. vulgaris (G-type and P-type) accumulated the same three major phytoalexins in rosette leaves after treatment: phenyl-containing nasturlexin D and indole-containing cyclonasturlexin and cyclobrassinin. Phytoalexin levels were investigated daily by UHPLC-QToF MS and tended to differ among plant types and individual phytoalexins. In roots, phytoalexins were low or not detected. In treated leaves, typical total phytoalexin levels were in the range 1-10 nmol/g fresh wt. during three days after treatment while typical total glucosinolate (GSL) levels were three orders of magnitude higher. Levels of some minor GSLs responded to the treatment: phenethylGSL (PE) and 4-substituted indole GSLs. Levels of PE, a suggested nasturlexin D precursor, were lower in treated plants than controls. Another suggested precursor GSL, 3-hydroxyPE, was not detected, suggesting PE hydrolysis to be a key biosynthetic step. Levels of 4-substituted indole GSLs differed markedly between treated and control plants in most experiments, but not in a consistent way. The dominant GSLs, glucobarbarins, are not believed to be phytoalexin precursors. We observed statistically significant linear correlations between total major phytoalexins and the glucobarbarin products barbarin and resedine, suggesting that GSL turnover for phytoalexin biosynthesis was unspecific. In contrast, we did not find correlations between total major phytoalexins and raphanusamic acid or total glucobarbarins and barbarin. In conclusion, two groups of phytoalexins were detected in B. vulgaris, apparently derived from the GSLs PE and indol-3-ylmethylGSL. Phytoalexin biosynthesis was accompanied by depletion of the precursor PE and by turnover of major non-precursor GSLs to resedine. This work paves the way for identifying and characterizing genes and enzymes in the biosyntheses of phytoalexins and resedine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo D Cárdenas
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jonas P Landtved
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Signe H Larsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Lindegaard
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Wøhlk
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Karen R Jensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - David I Pattison
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Meike Burow
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Søren Bak
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Niels Agerbirk
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Conner JK, Issaka Salia O, Zhao ZG, Knapczyk F, Sahli H, Koelling VA, Karoly K. Rapid evolution of a family-diagnostic trait: artificial selection and correlated responses in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum. New Phytol 2023; 239:2382-2388. [PMID: 37394726 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying trait conservation over long evolutionary time scales are poorly known. These mechanisms fall into the two broad and nonmutually exclusive categories of constraint and selection. A variety of factors have been hypothesized to constrain trait evolution. Alternatively, selection can maintain similar trait values across many species if the causes of selection are also relatively conserved, while many sources of constraint may be overcome over longer periods of evolutionary divergence. An example of deep trait conservation is tetradynamy in the large family Brassicaceae, where the four medial stamens are longer than the two lateral stamens. Previous work has found selection to maintain this difference in lengths, which we call anther separation, in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum. Here, we test the constraint hypothesis using five generations of artificial selection to reduce anther separation in wild radish. We found a rapid linear response to this selection, with no evidence for depletion of genetic variation and correlated responses to this selection in only four of 15 other traits, suggesting a lack of strong constraint. Taken together, available evidence suggests that tetradynamy is likely to be conserved due to selection, but the function of this trait remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey K Conner
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, 49060, USA
| | - Ousseini Issaka Salia
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, 49060, USA
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Frances Knapczyk
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, 49060, USA
- Napa County Resource Conservation District, Napa, CA, 94559, USA
| | - Heather Sahli
- Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, 49060, USA
- Department of Biology, Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, PA, 17257, USA
| | - Vanessa A Koelling
- Biology Department, Reed College, Portland, OR, 97202, USA
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36117, USA
| | - Keith Karoly
- Biology Department, Reed College, Portland, OR, 97202, USA
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Vercellino RB, Hernández F, Presotto A. The role of intraspecific crop-weed hybridization in the evolution of weediness and invasiveness: Cultivated and weedy radish (Raphanus sativus) as a case study. Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16217. [PMID: 37659092 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The phenotype of hybrids between a crop and its wild or weed counterpart is usually intermediate and maladapted compared to that of their parents; however, hybridization has sometimes been associated with increased fitness, potentially leading to enhanced weediness and invasiveness. Since the ecological context and maternal genetic effects may affect hybrid fitness, they could influence the evolutionary outcomes of hybridization. Here, we evaluated the performance of first-generation crop-weed hybrids of Raphanus sativus and their parents in two contrasting ecological conditions. METHODS Using experimental hybridization and outdoor common garden experiments, we assessed differences in time to flowering, survival to maturity, plant biomass, and reproductive components between bidirectional crop-weed hybrids and their parents in agrestal (wheat cultivation, fertilization, weeding) and ruderal (human-disturbed, uncultivated area) conditions over 2 years. RESULTS Crop, weeds, and bidirectional hybrids overlapped at least partially during the flowering period, indicating a high probability of gene flow. Hybrids survived to maturity at rates at least as successful as their parents and had higher plant biomass and fecundity, which resulted in higher fitness compared to their parents in both environments, without any differences associated with the direction of the hybridization. CONCLUSIONS Intraspecific crop-weed hybridization, regardless of the cross direction, has the potential to promote weediness in weedy R. sativus in agrestal and ruderal environments, increasing the chances for introgression of crop alleles into weed populations. This is the first report of intraspecific crop-weed hybridization in R. sativus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román B Vercellino
- Departamento de Agronomía, CERZOS, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, San Andrés 800, Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina
| | - Fernando Hernández
- Departamento de Agronomía, CERZOS, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, San Andrés 800, Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alejandro Presotto
- Departamento de Agronomía, CERZOS, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, San Andrés 800, Bahía Blanca, 8000, Argentina
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Durut N, Kornienko AE, Schmidt HA, Lettner N, Donà M, Nordborg M, Mittelsten Scheid O. Long noncoding RNAs contribute to DNA damage resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad135. [PMID: 37467473 PMCID: PMC10471225 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient repair of DNA lesions is essential for the faithful transmission of genetic information between somatic cells and for genome integrity across generations. Plants have multiple, partially redundant, and overlapping DNA repair pathways, probably due to the less constricted germline and the inevitable exposure to light including higher energy wavelengths. Many proteins involved in DNA repair and their mode of actions are well described. In contrast, a role for DNA damage-associated RNA components, evident from many other organisms, is less well understood. Here, we have challenged young Arabidopsis thaliana plants with two different types of genotoxic stress and performed de novo assembly and transcriptome analysis. We identified three long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are lowly or not expressed under regular conditions but up-regulated or induced by DNA damage. We generated CRISPR/Cas deletion mutants and found that the absence of the lncRNAs impairs the recovery capacity of the plants from genotoxic stress. The genetic loci are highly conserved among world-wide distributed Arabidopsis accessions and within related species in the Brassicaceae group. Together, these results suggest that the lncRNAs have a conserved function in connection with DNA damage and provide a basis for mechanistic analysis of their role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Durut
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Aleksandra E Kornienko
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heiko A Schmidt
- Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Lettner
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mattia Donà
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Magnus Nordborg
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Lupitu A, Moisa C, Bortes F, Peteleu D, Dochia M, Chambre D, Ciutină V, Copolovici DM, Copolovici L. The Impact of Increased CO 2 and Drought Stress on the Secondary Metabolites of Cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) and Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3098. [PMID: 37687345 PMCID: PMC10490549 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Elevated carbon dioxide and drought are significant stressors in light of climate change. This study explores the interplay between elevated atmospheric CO2, drought stress, and plant physiological responses. Two Brassica oleracea varieties (cauliflowers and cabbage) were utilized as model plants. Our findings indicate that elevated CO2 accelerates assimilation rate decline during drought. The integrity of photosynthetic components influenced electron transport, potentially due to drought-induced nitrate reductase activation changes. While CO2 positively influenced photosynthesis and water-use efficiency during drought, recovery saw decreased stomatal conductance in high-CO2-grown plants. Drought-induced monoterpene emissions varied, influenced by CO2 concentration and species-specific responses. Drought generally increased polyphenols, with an opposing effect under elevated CO2. Flavonoid concentrations fluctuated with drought and CO2 levels, while chlorophyll responses were complex, with high CO2 amplifying drought's effects on chlorophyll content. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of CO2-drought interactions and their intricate effects on plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucian Copolovici
- Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Elena Drăgoi Street., No. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania; (A.L.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (D.P.); (M.D.); (D.C.); (V.C.); (D.M.C.)
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Herz C, Frei L, Tran HTT, Claßen S, Spöttel J, Krell M, Hanschen FS, Arvandi M, Binder N, Schreiner M, Rohn S, Lamy E. A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover trial of nasturtium ( Tropaeolum majus) on the lipid regulator prostaglandin E 2. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1223158. [PMID: 37599682 PMCID: PMC10434789 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1223158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Scope As prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has important roles in physiological and inflammatory functions, a double-blind randomized controlled crossover study to investigate the potential of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) for modulating PGE2 was conducted, aiming at clarifying the role of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC). As secondary parameters leukotriene 4 (LTB4), and cytokine release (tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α; interleukins IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-12) were quantified. Methods and results Thirty-four healthy female participants consumed 1.5 g nasturtium containing BITC, (verum) or no BITC (control) twice a day for 2 weeks each. Nasturtium intervention resulted in an increase in mean PGE2 levels in serum samples (verum: 1.76-fold, p ≤ 0.05; control: 1.78-fold, p ≤ 0.01), and ex vivo stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (verum: 1.71-fold, p ≤ 0.01; control: 1.43-fold). Using a pre-to-post responder analysis approach, 18 of 34 subjects showed a > 25% PGE2 increase in serum, while it was >25% decreased for 9 subjects (stimulated PBMC: 14 and 8 of 28, respectively). Under the selected conditions, the BITC content of nasturtium did not affect the observed changes in PGE2. Verum intervention also increased mean LTB4 serum level (1.24-fold, p ≤ 0.01), but not in LPS stimulated PBMC, and significantly increased TNF-α release in stimulated PBMC after 3 h (verum: 1.65-fold, p = 0.0032; control: 1.22-fold, p = 0.7818). No change was seen in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, or the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, and IL-12. Conclusion In contrast to the previously reported in vitro results, on average, LPS activated PBMC and serum from both groups showed increased PGE2 levels. Further analyses suggest that PGE2 release after intervention could possibly depend on the baseline PGE2 level. Identification of phenotypes that respond differently to the nasturtium intervention could be useful to establish personalized approaches for dosing phytopharmaceuticals medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Linda Frei
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hoai T. T. Tran
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Claßen
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Spöttel
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mareike Krell
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska S. Hanschen
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Marjan Arvandi
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and HTA, UMIT TIROL, University for Health Sciences and Health Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Nadine Binder
- Institute of General Practice/Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Cannavacciuolo C, Cerulli A, Dirsch VM, Heiss EH, Masullo M, Piacente S. LC-MS- and 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics to Highlight the Impact of Extraction Solvents on Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Daikon Sprouts ( Raphanus sativus L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1542. [PMID: 37627537 PMCID: PMC10451950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the interest of consumers towards functional foods as source of bioactive compounds is increasing. The sprouts of Raphanus sativus var longipinnatus (Brassicaceae) are "microgreens" popular, especially in gourmet cuisine, for their appealing aspect and piquant flavour. They represent a functional food due to their high nutritional value and health-promoting effects. Herein, the sprouts of daikon were extracted by different solvent mixtures to highlight how this process can affect the chemical profile and the antioxidant activity. An in-depth investigation based on a preliminary LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS profiling was carried out, leading to the identification of nineteen compounds, including glucosinolates and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. An undescribed compound, 1-O-feruloyl-2-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated, and its structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. The phenolic content and radical scavenging activity (DPPH and TEAC assays), along with the ability to activate Nrf2 (Nrf2-mediated luciferase reporter gene assay) of polar extracts, were evaluated. The results showed the highest antioxidant activity for the 70% EtOH/H2O extract with a TEAC value of 1.95 mM and IC50 = 93.97 µg/mL in the DPPH assay. Some 50% and 70% EtOH/H2O extracts showed a pronounced concentration-dependent induction of Nrf2 activity. The extracts of daikon sprouts were submitted to 1H NMR experiments and then analyzed by untargeted and targeted approaches of multivariate data analysis to highlight differences related to extraction solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Cannavacciuolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Antonietta Cerulli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.M.D.); (E.H.H.)
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.M.D.); (E.H.H.)
| | - Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.M.)
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Posada-Vergara C, Vidal S, Rostás M. Local Competition and Enhanced Defense: How Metarhizium brunneum Inhibits Verticillium longisporum in Oilseed Rape Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:796. [PMID: 37623567 PMCID: PMC10455689 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metarhizium brunneum is a soil-borne fungal entomopathogen that can be associated with plant roots. Previous studies have demonstrated that root colonization by beneficial fungi can directly affect soil-borne pathogens through competition and antibiosis and can activate a systemic response in plants, resulting in a primed state for a faster and/or stronger response to stressors. However, the mechanisms by which Metarhizium inoculation ameliorates symptoms caused by plant pathogens are not well known. This study evaluated the ability of M. brunneum to protect oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants against the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium longisporum and investigated whether the observed effects are a result of direct interaction and/or plant-mediated effects. In vitro and greenhouse experiments were conducted to measure fungal colonization of the rhizosphere and plant tissues, and targeted gene expression analysis was used to evaluate the plant response. The results show that M. brunneum delayed pathogen colonization of plant root tissues, resulting in decreased disease symptoms. Direct competition and antibiosis were found to be part of the mechanisms, as M. brunneum growth was stimulated by the pathogen and inhibited the in vitro growth of V. longisporum. Additionally, M. brunneum changed the plant response to the pathogen by locally activating key defense hormones in the salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) pathways. Using a split-root setup, it was demonstrated that there is a plant-mediated effect, as improved plant growth and decreased disease symptoms were observed when M. brunneum was in the systemic compartment. Moreover, a stronger systemic induction of the gene PR1 suggested a priming effect, involving the SA pathway. Overall, this study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of M. brunneum against soil-borne pathogens in oilseed rape plants, highlighting the potential of this fungal entomopathogen as a biocontrol agent in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Posada-Vergara
- Agricultural Entomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstr 6, 37077 Goettingen, Germany;
| | | | - Michael Rostás
- Agricultural Entomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstr 6, 37077 Goettingen, Germany;
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Klińska-Bąchor S, Kędzierska S, Demski K, Banaś A. Phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1-overexpression stimulates lipid turnover, oil production and fitness in cold-grown plants. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:370. [PMID: 37491206 PMCID: PMC10369929 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive population growth and climate change accelerate the search for alternative ways of plant-based biomass, biofuel and feed production. Here, we focus on hitherto unknow, new promising cold-stimulated function of phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (PDAT1) - an enzyme catalyzing the last step of triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis. RESULT Overexpression of AtPDAT1 boosted seed yield by 160% in Arabidopsis plants exposed to long-term cold compared to standard conditions. Such seeds increased both their weight and acyl-lipids content. This work also elucidates PDAT1's role in leaves, which was previously unclear. Aerial parts of AtPDAT1-overexpressing plants were characterized by accelerated growth at early and vegetative stages of development and by biomass weighing three times more than control. Overexpression of PDAT1 increased the expression of SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 (SDP1) TAG lipase and enhanced lipid remodeling, driving lipid turnover and influencing biomass increment. This effect was especially pronounced in cold conditions, where the elevated synergistic expression of PDAT1 and SDP1 resulted in double biomass increase compared to standard conditions. Elevated phospholipid remodeling also enhanced autophagy flux in AtPDAT1-overexpresing lines subjected to cold, despite the overall diminished autophagy intensity in cold conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that PDAT1 promotes greater vitality in cold-exposed plants, stimulates their longevity and boosts oilseed oil production at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Klińska-Bąchor
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-307, Poland.
| | - Sara Kędzierska
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-307, Poland
| | - Kamil Demski
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Box 190, 234 22, Sweden
| | - Antoni Banaś
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80-307, Poland
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Citi V, Passerini M, Calderone V, Testai L. Plants and Mushrooms as Possible New Sources of H 2S Releasing Sulfur Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11886. [PMID: 37569263 PMCID: PMC10418851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), known for many decades exclusively for its toxicity and the smell of rotten eggs, has been re-discovered for its pleiotropic effects at the cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular level. Therefore, great attention is being paid to the discovery of molecules able to release H2S in a smart manner, i.e., slowly and for a long time, thus ensuring the maintenance of its physiological levels and preventing "H2S-poor" diseases. Despite the development of numerous synthetically derived molecules, the observation that plants containing sulfur compounds share the same pharmacological properties as H2S led to the characterization of naturally derived compounds as H2S donors. In this regard, polysulfuric compounds occurring in plants belonging to the Alliaceae family were the first characterized as H2S donors, followed by isothiocyanates derived from vegetables belonging to the Brassicaceae family, and this led us to consider these plants as nutraceutical tools and their daily consumption has been demonstrated to prevent the onset of several diseases. Interestingly, sulfur compounds are also contained in many fungi. In this review, we speculate about the possibility that they may be novel sources of H2S-donors, furnishing new data on the release of H2S from several selected extracts from fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.)
| | | | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Via Del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Di Gioia F, Hong JC, Pisani C, Petropoulos SA, Bai J, Rosskopf EN. Yield performance, mineral profile, and nitrate content in a selection of seventeen microgreen species. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1220691. [PMID: 37546245 PMCID: PMC10399459 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Originally regarded as garnish greens, microgreens are increasingly valued for their nutritional profile, including their mineral content. Methods A study was conducted under controlled environmental conditions utilizing a selection of seventeen microgreen species belonging to seven different botanical families to investigate the genetic variation of macro- and micro-minerals and nitrate (NO3 -) content. Plants were grown in a soilless system using a natural fiber mat as the substrate. After germination, microgreens were fertigated with a modified half-strength Hoagland solution prepared using deionized water and without adding microelements. At harvest (10 to 19 days after sowing, based on the species), yield components were measured and dry tissue samples were analyzed for the concentration of total nitrogen (N), NO3 -, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and B. Results and discussion Genotypic variations were observed for all of the examined parameters. Nitrogen and K were the principal macronutrients accounting for 38.4% and 33.8% of the total macro-minerals concentration, respectively, followed in order by Ca, P, S, and Mg. Except for sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), all the tested species accumulated high (1,000-2,500 mg kg-1 FW) or very high (>2,500 mg kg-1 FW) NO3 - levels. Eight of the studied species had a K concentration above 300 mg 100 g-1 FW and could be considered as a good dietary source of K. On the other hand, scallion (Allium fistulosum L.), red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.), and Genovese basil (Ocinum basilicum L.) microgreens were a good source of Ca. Among micro-minerals, the most abundant was Fe followed by Zn, Mn, B, and Cu. Sunflower, scallion, and shiso (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton) were a good source of Cu. Moreover, sunflower was a good source of Zn, whereas none of the other species examined could be considered a good source of Fe and Zn, suggesting that supplementary fertilization may be required to biofortify microgreens with essential microminerals. In conclusion, the tested microgreens can be a good source of minerals showing a high potential to address different dietary needs; however, their yield potential and mineral profile are largely determined by the genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Jason C. Hong
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Cristina Pisani
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station, Byron, GA, United States
| | - Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Jihne Bai
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Erin N. Rosskopf
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL, United States
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Kaneko H, Miyata F, Kurokawa M, Hashimoto K, Kuchitsu K, Furuya T. Diversity and characteristics of plant immunity-activating bacteria from Brassicaceae plants. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:175. [PMID: 37407947 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microorganisms that activate plant immune responses are useful for application as biocontrol agents in agriculture to minimize crop losses. The present study was conducted to identify and characterize plant immunity-activating microorganisms in Brassicaceae plants. RESULTS A total of 25 bacterial strains were isolated from the interior of a Brassicaceae plant, Raphanus sativus var. hortensis. Ten different genera of bacteria were identified: Pseudomonas, Leclercia, Enterobacter, Xanthomonas, Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, Pantoea, Rhodococcus, Microbacterium, and Plantibacter. The isolated strains were analyzed using a method to detect plant immunity-activating microorganisms that involves incubation of the microorganism with tobacco BY-2 cells, followed by treatment with cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor of tobacco immune responses. In this method, cryptogein-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BY-2 cells serves as a marker of immune activation. Among the 25 strains examined, 6 strains markedly enhanced cryptogein-induced ROS production in BY-2 cells. These 6 strains colonized the interior of Arabidopsis plants, and Pseudomonas sp. RS3R-1 and Rhodococcus sp. RS1R-6 selectively enhanced plant resistance to the bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum NBRC 14082, respectively. In addition, Pseudomonas sp. RS1P-1 effectively enhanced resistance to both pathogens. We also comprehensively investigated the localization (i.e., cellular or extracellular) of the plant immunity-activating components produced by the bacteria derived from R. sativus var. hortensis and the components produced by previously isolated bacteria derived from another Brassicaceae plant species, Brassica rapa var. perviridis. Most gram-negative strains enhanced cryptogein-induced ROS production in BY-2 cells via the presence of cells themselves rather than via extracellular components, whereas many gram-positive strains enhanced ROS production via extracellular components. Comparative genomic analyses supported the hypothesis that the structure of lipopolysaccharides in the outer cell envelope plays an important role in the ROS-enhancing activity of gram-negative Pseudomonas strains. CONCLUSIONS The assay method described here based on elicitor-induced ROS production in cultured plant cells enabled the discovery of novel plant immunity-activating bacteria from R. sativus var. hortensis. The results in this study also suggest that components involved in the ROS-enhancing activity of the bacteria may differ depending largely on genus and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kaneko
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, 2641, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fuma Miyata
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, 2641, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mari Kurokawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, 2641, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, 2641, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, 2641, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiki Furuya
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Noda, 2641, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan.
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Gu B, Parkes T, Rabanal F, Smith C, Lu FH, McKenzie N, Dong H, Weigel D, Jones JDG, Cevik V, Bevan MW. The integrated LIM-peptidase domain of the CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 paired immune receptor detects changes in DA1 peptidase inhibitors in Arabidopsis. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:949-961.e5. [PMID: 37167970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
White blister rust, caused by the oomycete Albugo candida, is a widespread disease of Brassica crops. The Brassica relative Arabidopsis thaliana uses the paired immune receptor complex CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 to resist Albugo infection. The CHS3/DAR4 sensor NLR, which functions together with its partner, the helper NLR CSA1, carries an integrated domain (ID) with homology to DA1 peptidases. Using domain swaps with several DA1 homologs, we show that the LIM-peptidase domain of the family member CHS3/DAR4 functions as an integrated decoy for the family member DAR3, which interacts with and inhibits the peptidase activities of the three closely related peptidases DA1, DAR1, and DAR2. Albugo infection rapidly lowers DAR3 levels and activates DA1 peptidase activity, thereby promoting endoreduplication of host tissues to support pathogen growth. We propose that the paired immune receptor CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 detects the actions of a putative Albugo effector that reduces DAR3 levels, resulting in defense activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benguo Gu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Toby Parkes
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Fernando Rabanal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Smith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Fu-Hao Lu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Neil McKenzie
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan D G Jones
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
| | - Volkan Cevik
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Michael W Bevan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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