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Conklin PL, Foyer CH, Hancock RD, Ishikawa T, Smirnoff N. Ascorbic acid metabolism and functions. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:2599-2603. [PMID: 38699987 PMCID: PMC11066792 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This Special Issue was assembled to mark the 25th anniversary of the proposal of the d -mannose/ l -galactose (Smirnoff-Wheeler) ascorbate biosynthesis pathway in plants ( Wheeler et al., 1998 ). The issue aims to assess the current state of knowledge and to identify outstanding questions about ascorbate metabolism and functions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Conklin
- Biological Sciences Department, Bowers Hall Rm 240, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, NY 13045, USA
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Robert D Hancock
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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2
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D M Santos M, C Camillo-Andrade A, Rodriguez A, Durán R. A Module for Analyzing Interactomes via APEX-MS Integrated into PatternLab for Proteomics. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2024; 35:1055-1058. [PMID: 38606722 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Proximity labeling techniques, such as APEX-MS, provide valuable insights into proximal interactome mapping; however, the verification of biotinylated peptides is not straightforward. With this as motivation, we present a new module integrated into PatternLab for proteomics to enable APEX-MS data interpretation by targeting diagnostic fragment ions associated with APEX modifications. We reanalyzed a previously published APEX-MS data set and report a significant number of biotinylated peptides and, consequently, a confident set of proximal proteins. As the module is part of the widely adopted PatternLab for proteomics software suite, it offers users a comprehensive, easy, and integrated solution for data analysis. Given the broad utility of the APEX-MS technique in various biological contexts, we anticipate that our module will be a valuable asset to researchers, facilitating and enhancing interactome studies. PatternLab's APEX, including a usage protocol, is available at http://patternlabforproteomics.org/apex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon D M Santos
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratory for Structural and Computational Proteomics, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz-Paraná, R. Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Amanda C Camillo-Andrade
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratory for Structural and Computational Proteomics, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz-Paraná, R. Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Azalia Rodriguez
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2124, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rosario Durán
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Vives-Peris V, Gómez-Cadenas A, Pérez-Clemente RM. Proline accumulation and antioxidant response are crucial for citrus tolerance to UV-B light-induced stress. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2024. [PMID: 38568875 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Plants face a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress conditions, which are further intensified by climate change. Among these stressors, increased irradiation in terms of intensity and wavelength range can lead to detrimental effects, such as chlorophyll degradation, destruction of the PSII reaction center, generation of ROS, alterations to plant metabolism, and even plant death. Here, we investigated the responses of two citrus genotypes, Citrus macrophylla (CM), and Troyer citrange (TC) to UV-B light-induced stress, by growing plants of both genotypes under control and UV-B stress conditions for 5 days to evaluate their tolerance mechanisms. TC seedlings had higher sensitivity to UV-B light than CM seedlings, as they showed more damage and increased levels of oxidative harm (indicated by the accumulation of MDA). In contrast, CM seedlings exhibited specific adaptive mechanisms, including accumulation of higher levels of proline under stressful conditions, and enhanced antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by increased ascorbate peroxidase activity and upregulation of the CsAPX2 gene. Phytohormone accumulation patterns were similar in both genotypes, with a decrease in ABA content in response to UV-B light. Furthermore, expression of genes involved in light perception and response was specifically affected in the tolerant CM seedlings, which exhibited higher expression of CsHYH/CsHY5 and CsRUP1-2 genes. These findings underscore the importance of the antioxidant system in citrus plants subjected to UV-B light-induced stress and suggest that CsHYH/CsHY5 and CsRUP1-2 could be considered genes associated with tolerance to such challenging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vives-Peris
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Jaume I University, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Cadenas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Jaume I University, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - R M Pérez-Clemente
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Jaume I University, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
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Homayouni H, Razi H, Izadi M, Alemzadeh A, Kazemeini SA, Niazi A, Vicente O. Temporal Changes in Biochemical Responses to Salt Stress in Three Salicornia Species. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:979. [PMID: 38611508 PMCID: PMC11013812 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Halophytes adapt to salinity using different biochemical response mechanisms. Temporal measurements of biochemical parameters over a period of exposure to salinity may clarify the patterns and kinetics of stress responses in halophytes. This study aimed to evaluate short-term temporal changes in shoot biomass and several biochemical variables, including the contents of photosynthetic pigments, ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), osmolytes (proline and glycine betaine), oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and malondialdehyde), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) activities of three halophytic Salicornia species (S. persica, S. europaea, and S. bigelovii) in response to non-saline, moderate (300 mM NaCl), and high (500 mM NaCl) salinity treatments at three sampling times. Salicornia plants showed maximum shoot biomass under moderate salinity conditions. The results indicated that high Na+ accumulation in the shoots, coupled with the relative retention of K+ and Ca2+ under salt stress conditions, contributed significantly to ionic and osmotic balance and salinity tolerance in the tested Salicornia species. Glycine betaine accumulation, both constitutive and salt-induced, also seems to play a crucial role in osmotic adjustment in Salicornia plants subjected to salinity treatments. Salicornia species possess an efficient antioxidant enzyme system that largely relies on the ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activities to partly counteract salt-induced oxidative stress. The results also revealed that S. persica exhibited higher salinity tolerance than S. europaea and S. bigelovii, as shown by better plant growth under moderate and high salinity. This higher tolerance was associated with higher peroxidase activities and increased glycine betaine and proline accumulation in S. persica. Taking all the data together, this study allowed the identification of the biochemical mechanisms contributing significantly to salinity tolerance of Salicornia through the maintenance of ion and osmotic homeostasis and protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Homayouni
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84471, Iran; (H.H.); (M.I.); (A.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Hooman Razi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84471, Iran; (H.H.); (M.I.); (A.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Mahmoud Izadi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84471, Iran; (H.H.); (M.I.); (A.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Abbas Alemzadeh
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84471, Iran; (H.H.); (M.I.); (A.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84471, Iran; (H.H.); (M.I.); (A.A.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71468-64685, Iran;
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Berthelier TH, Cabanac SC, Callot C, Bellec A, Mathé C, Jamet E, Dunand C. Evolutionary Analysis of Six Gene Families Part of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Gene Network in Three Brassicaceae Species. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1938. [PMID: 38339216 PMCID: PMC10856686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is expected to intensify the occurrence of abiotic stress in plants, such as hypoxia and salt stresses, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which need to be effectively managed by various oxido-reductases encoded by the so-called ROS gene network. Here, we studied six oxido-reductases families in three Brassicaceae species, Arabidopsis thaliana as well as Nasturtium officinale and Eutrema salsugineum, which are adapted to hypoxia and salt stress, respectively. Using available and new genomic data, we performed a phylogenomic analysis and compared RNA-seq data to study genomic and transcriptomic adaptations. This comprehensive approach allowed for the gaining of insights into the impact of the adaptation to saline or hypoxia conditions on genome organization (gene gains and losses) and transcriptional regulation. Notably, the comparison of the N. officinale and E. salsugineum genomes to that of A. thaliana highlighted changes in the distribution of ohnologs and homologs, particularly affecting class III peroxidase genes (CIII Prxs). These changes were specific to each gene, to gene families subjected to duplication events and to each species, suggesting distinct evolutionary responses. The analysis of transcriptomic data has allowed for the identification of genes related to stress responses in A. thaliana, and, conversely, to adaptation in N. officinale and E. salsugineum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Horst Berthelier
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Sébastien Christophe Cabanac
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Caroline Callot
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, INRAE, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Arnaud Bellec
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, INRAE, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Catherine Mathé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
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Porcher A, Wilmot N, Bonnet P, Procaccio V, Vian A. Changes in Gene Expression After Exposing Arabidopsis thaliana Plants to Nanosecond High Amplitude Electromagnetic Field Pulses. Bioelectromagnetics 2024; 45:4-15. [PMID: 37408527 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields due to wireless technologies and connected devices are a subject of particular research interest. Ultrashort high-amplitude electromagnetic field pulses delivered to biological samples using immersed electrodes in a dedicated cuvette have widely demonstrated their effectiveness in triggering several cell responses including increased cytosolic calcium concentration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In contrast, the effects of these pulses are poorly documented when electromagnetic pulses are delivered through an antenna. Here we exposed Arabidopsis thaliana plants to 30,000 pulses (237 kV m-1 , 280 ps rise-time, duration of 500 ps) emitted through a Koshelev antenna and monitored the consequences of electromagnetic fields exposure on the expression levels of several key genes involved in calcium metabolism, signal transduction, ROS, and energy status. We found that this treatment was mostly unable to trigger significant changes in the messenger RNA accumulation of calmodulin, Zinc-Finger protein ZAT12, NADPH oxidase/respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) isoforms D and F, Catalase (CAT2), glutamate-cystein ligase (GSH1), glutathione synthetase (GSH2), Sucrose non-fermenting-related Kinase 1 (SnRK1) and Target of rapamycin (TOR). In contrast, Ascorbate peroxidases APX-1 and APX-6 were significantly induced 3 h after the exposure. These results suggest that this treatment, although quite strong in amplitude, is mostly ineffective in inducing biological effects at the transcriptional level when delivered by an antenna. © 2023 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Porcher
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nancy Wilmot
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Pierre Bonnet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Alain Vian
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
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Carrión-Antolí A, Badiche-El Hilali F, Lorente-Mento JM, Díaz-Mula HM, Serrano M, Valero D. Antioxidant Systems and Quality in Sweet Cherries Are Improved by Preharvest GABA Treatments Leading to Delay Postharvest Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:260. [PMID: 38203428 PMCID: PMC10779314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays important roles in plant development, including the maintenance of fruit quality when applied as postharvest treatment. However, little information is available about the effects of preharvest GABA treatments. Thus, GABA (10, 50 and 100 mM) was applied as foliar spray at key points of fruit development in three sweet cherry cultivars and over two years. The results show that quality parameters, such as total soluble solid content, titratable acidity and firmness were higher in the fruit from GABA-treated trees than in the controls, either at harvest or during four weeks of cold storage. In addition, the total phenolic and total and individual anthocyanin concentrations were also enhanced by GABA treatments and the fruit color was improved. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase were also enhanced by the GABA treatments. The most effective concentration was 50 mM, which led to extending the storage period of sweet cherries with high quality traits to up to four weeks, while for the controls this was two weeks. Thus, GABA treatment had a clear effect on delaying the postharvest ripening and senescence processes in sweet cherries, with an additional effect on enhancing the content of bioactive compounds, such as phenolics and anthocyanins, with antioxidant properties and health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Carrión-Antolí
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (F.B.-E.H.)
| | - Fátima Badiche-El Hilali
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (F.B.-E.H.)
| | - José M. Lorente-Mento
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.M.L.-M.); (H.M.D.-M.)
| | - Huertas M. Díaz-Mula
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.M.L.-M.); (H.M.D.-M.)
| | - María Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.M.L.-M.); (H.M.D.-M.)
| | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (F.B.-E.H.)
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El Haddad N, En-nahli Y, Choukri H, Aloui K, Mentag R, El-Baouchi A, Hejjaoui K, Rajendran K, Smouni A, Maalouf F, Kumar S. Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying Heat and Drought Tolerance in Lentil Accessions: Implications for Stress Tolerance Breeding. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3962. [PMID: 38068599 PMCID: PMC10708188 DOI: 10.3390/plants12233962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change has significantly exacerbated the effects of abiotic stresses, particularly high temperatures and drought stresses. This study aims to uncover the mechanisms underlying heat and drought tolerance in lentil accessions. To achieve this objective, twelve accessions were subjected to high-temperature stress (32/20 °C), while seven accessions underwent assessment under drought stress conditions (50% of field capacity) during the reproductive stage. Our findings revealed a significant increase in catalase activity across all accessions under both stress conditions, with ILL7814 and ILL7835 recording the highest accumulations of 10.18 and 9.33 under drought stress, respectively, and 14 µmol H2O2 mg protein-1 min-1 under high temperature. Similarly, ascorbate peroxidase significantly increased in all tolerant accessions due to high temperatures, with ILL6359, ILL7835, and ILL8029 accumulating the highest values with up 50 µmol ascorbate mg protein-1 min-1. In contrast, no significant increase was obtained for all accessions subjected to water stress, although the drought-tolerant accessions accumulated more APX activity (16.59 t to 25.08 µmol ascorbate mg protein-1 min-1) than the sensitive accessions. The accessions ILL6075, ILL7814, and ILL8029 significantly had the highest superoxide dismutase activity under high temperature, while ILL6363, ILL7814, and ILL7835 accumulated the highest values under drought stress, each with 22 to 25 units mg protein-1. Under both stress conditions, ILL7814 and ILL7835 recorded the highest contents in proline (38 to 45 µmol proline/g FW), total flavonoids (0.22 to 0.77 mg QE g-1 FW), total phenolics (7.50 to 8.79 mg GAE g-1 FW), total tannins (5.07 to 20 µg CE g-1 FW), and total antioxidant activity (60 to 70%). Further, ILL7814 and ILL6338 significantly recorded the highest total soluble sugar content under high temperature (71.57 and 74.24 mg g-1, respectively), while ILL7835 achieved the maximum concentration (125 mg g-1) under drought stress. The accessions ILL8029, ILL6104, and ILL7814 had the highest values of reducing sugar under high temperature with 0.62 to 0.79 mg g-1, whereas ILL6075, ILL6363, and ILL6362 accumulated the highest levels of this component under drought stress with 0.54 to 0.66 mg g-1. Overall, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the metabolomic responses of lentil to drought and heat stresses, serving as a valuable reference for lentil stress tolerance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine El Haddad
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Recherche BioBio, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat, Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Youness En-nahli
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Materials Science Center, Ecole Normale Supérieure, LPCMIO, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- AgroBioSciences Program (AgBS), College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science (CSAES), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (A.E.-B.); (K.H.)
| | - Hasnae Choukri
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Recherche BioBio, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat, Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Khawla Aloui
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, Ben M’Sick Faculty of Sciences, University Hassan II, Casablanca 20800, Morocco
| | - Rachid Mentag
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Rabat, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Adil El-Baouchi
- AgroBioSciences Program (AgBS), College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science (CSAES), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (A.E.-B.); (K.H.)
| | - Kamal Hejjaoui
- AgroBioSciences Program (AgBS), College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science (CSAES), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (A.E.-B.); (K.H.)
| | - Karthika Rajendran
- Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Recherche BioBio, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat, Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Fouad Maalouf
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Beirut 1108 2010, Lebanon;
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi 110012, India;
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Ali Q, Ahmad M, Kamran M, Ashraf S, Shabaan M, Babar BH, Zulfiqar U, Haider FU, Ali MA, Elshikh MS. Synergistic Effects of Rhizobacteria and Salicylic Acid on Maize Salt-Stress Tolerance. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2519. [PMID: 37447077 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a salt-sensitive plant that experiences stunted growth and development during early seedling stages under salt stress. Salicylic acid (SA) is a major growth hormone that has been observed to induce resistance in plants against different abiotic stresses. Furthermore, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have shown considerable potential in conferring salinity tolerance to crops via facilitating growth promotion, yield improvement, and regulation of various physiological processes. In this regard, combined application of PGPR and SA can have wide applicability in supporting plant growth under salt stress. We investigated the impact of salinity on the growth and yield attributes of maize and explored the combined role of PGPR and SA in mitigating the effect of salt stress. Three different levels of salinity were developed (original, 4 and 8 dS m-1) in pots using NaCl. Maize seeds were inoculated with salt-tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, whereas foliar application of SA was given at the three-leaf stage. We observed that salinity stress adversely affected maize growth, yield, and physiological attributes compared to the control. However, both individual and combined applications of PGPR and SA alleviated the negative effects of salinity and improved all the measured plant attributes. The response of PGPR + SA was significant in enhancing the shoot and root dry weights (41 and 56%), relative water contents (32%), chlorophyll a and b contents (25 and 27%), and grain yield (41%) of maize under higher salinity level (i.e., 8 dS m-1) as compared to untreated unstressed control. Moreover, significant alterations in ascorbate peroxidase (53%), catalase (47%), superoxide dismutase (21%), MDA contents (40%), Na+ (25%), and K+ (30%) concentration of leaves were pragmatic under combined application of PGPR and SA. We concluded that integration of PGPR and SA can efficiently induce salinity tolerance and improve plant growth under stressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Ali
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Maqshoof Ahmad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Pakistan Council for Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ashraf
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shabaan
- Land Resources Research Institute (LRRI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Babar Hussain Babar
- Vegetable and Oilseed Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Faisalabad 38850, Pakistan
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - M Ajmal Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Roach T, Neuner G, Kranner I, Buchner O. Heat Acclimation under Drought Stress Induces Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in the Alpine Plant Primula minima. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051093. [PMID: 37237959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat and drought stresses are increasingly relevant topics in the context of climate change, particularly in the Alps, which are warming faster than the global average. Previously, we have shown that alpine plants, including Primula minima, can be gradually heat hardened under field conditions in situ to achieve maximum tolerance within a week. Here, we investigated the antioxidant mechanisms of P. minima leaves that had been heat hardened (H) without or with (H+D) additional drought stress. Lower free-radical scavenging and ascorbate concentrations were found in H and H+D leaves, while concentrations of glutathione disulphide (GSSG) were higher under both treatments without any change in glutathione (GSH) and little change in glutathione reductase activity. In contrast, ascorbate peroxidase activity in H leaves was increased, and H+D leaves had >two-fold higher catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities compared with the control. In addition, the glutathione reductase activity was higher in H+D compared with H leaves. Our results highlight that the stress load from heat acclimation to maximum tolerance is associated with a weakened low-molecular-weight antioxidant defence, which may be compensated for by an increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, particularly under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gilbert Neuner
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilse Kranner
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Othmar Buchner
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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11
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Singh R, Kashif M, Srivastava P, Manna PP. Recent Advances in Chemotherapeutics for Leishmaniasis: Importance of the Cellular Biochemistry of the Parasite and Its Molecular Interaction with the Host. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050706. [PMID: 37242374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a category 1 neglected protozoan disease caused by a kinetoplastid pathogen called Leishmania, is transmitted through dipteran insect vectors (phlebotomine, sand flies) in three main clinical forms: fatal visceral leishmaniasis, self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis, and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Generic pentavalent antimonials have long been the drug of choice against leishmaniasis; however, their success is plagued with limitations such as drug resistance and severe side effects, which makes them redundant as frontline therapy for endemic visceral leishmaniasis. Alternative therapeutic regimens based on amphotericin B, miltefosine, and paromomycin have also been approved. Due to the unavailability of human vaccines, first-line chemotherapies such as pentavalent antimonials, pentamidine, and amphotericin B are the only options to treat infected individuals. The higher toxicity, adverse effects, and perceived cost of these pharmaceutics, coupled with the emergence of parasite resistance and disease relapse, makes it urgent to identify new, rationalized drug targets for the improvement in disease management and palliative care for patients. This has become an emergent need and more relevant due to the lack of information on validated molecular resistance markers for the monitoring and surveillance of changes in drug sensitivity and resistance. The present study reviewed the recent advances in chemotherapeutic regimens by targeting novel drugs using several strategies including bioinformatics to gain new insight into leishmaniasis. Leishmania has unique enzymes and biochemical pathways that are distinct from those of its mammalian hosts. In light of the limited number of available antileishmanial drugs, the identification of novel drug targets and studying the molecular and cellular aspects of these drugs in the parasite and its host is critical to design specific inhibitors targeting and controlling the parasite. The biochemical characterization of unique Leishmania-specific enzymes can be used as tools to read through possible drug targets. In this review, we discuss relevant metabolic pathways and novel drugs that are unique, essential, and linked to the survival of the parasite based on bioinformatics and cellular and biochemical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Singh
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Mohammad Kashif
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Prateek Srivastava
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Partha Pratim Manna
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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12
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Pang X, Chen J, Xu Y, Liu J, Zhong Y, Wang L, Zheng J, Wan H. Genome-wide characterization of ascorbate peroxidase gene family in pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) in response to multiple abiotic stresses. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1189020. [PMID: 37251751 PMCID: PMC10210635 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1189020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pepper is widely grown all over the world, so it faces many abiotic stresses, such as drought, high temperature, low temperature, salt damage, and so on. Stresses causing the accumulation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in plants are removed by antioxidant defense systems, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an important antioxidant enzyme. Therefore, the present study performed genome-wide identification of the APX gene family in pepper. We identified nine members of the APX gene family in the pepper genome according to the APX proteins' conserved domain in Arabidopsis thaliana. The physicochemical property analysis showed that CaAPX3 had the longest protein sequence and the largest molecular weight of all genes, while CaAPX9 had the shortest protein sequence and the smallest MW. The gene structure analysis showed that CaAPXs were composed of seven to 10 introns. The CaAPX genes were divided into four groups. The APX genes of groups I and IV were localized in the peroxisomes and chloroplasts, respectively; the group II genes were localized in the chloroplasts and mitochondria; and the group III genes were located in the cytoplasm and extracell. The conservative motif analysis showed that all APX genes in the pepper had motif 2, motif 3, and motif 5. The APX gene family members were distributed on five chromosomes (Chr. 2, 4, 6, 8, and 9). The cis-acting element analysis showed that most CaAPX genes contain a variety of cis-elements related to plant hormones and abiotic stress. RNA-seq expression analysis showed that the expression patterns of nine APXs were different in vegetative and reproductive organs at different growth and development stages. In addition, the qRT-PCR analysis of the CaAPX genes revealed significant differential expression in response to high temperature, low temperature, and salinity stresses in leaf tissue. In conclusion, our study identified the APX gene family members in the pepper and predicted the functions of this gene family, which would provide resources for further functional characterization of CaAPX genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pang
- Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Wulanchabu Academy of Agricultural and Husbandry Sciences, Wulanchabu, China
| | - Yangmin Zhong
- Institute of Crops, Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Crops, Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Jiaqiu Zheng
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, China
| | - Hongjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Kesawat MS, Satheesh N, Kherawat BS, Kumar A, Kim HU, Chung SM, Kumar M. Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species during Salt Stress in Plants and Their Crosstalk with Other Signaling Molecules-Current Perspectives and Future Directions. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12040864. [PMID: 36840211 PMCID: PMC9964777 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a severe type of environmental stress. It adversely affects agricultural production worldwide. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the most frequent phenomenon during salt stress. ROS are extremely reactive and, in high amounts, noxious, leading to destructive processes and causing cellular damage. However, at lower concentrations, ROS function as secondary messengers, playing a critical role as signaling molecules, ensuring regulation of growth and adjustment to multifactorial stresses. Plants contain several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants that can detoxify ROS. The production of ROS and their scavenging are important aspects of the plant's normal response to adverse conditions. Recently, this field has attracted immense attention from plant scientists; however, ROS-induced signaling pathways during salt stress remain largely unknown. In this review, we will discuss the critical role of different antioxidants in salt stress tolerance. We also summarize the recent advances on the detrimental effects of ROS, on the antioxidant machinery scavenging ROS under salt stress, and on the crosstalk between ROS and other various signaling molecules, including nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, calcium, and phytohormones. Moreover, the utilization of "-omic" approaches to improve the ROS-regulating antioxidant system during the adaptation process to salt stress is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, India
| | - Neela Satheesh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, India
| | - Bhagwat Singh Kherawat
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bikaner II, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner 334603, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Hyun-Uk Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Chung
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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14
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Jardim-Messeder D, Caverzan A, Balbinott N, Menguer PK, Paiva ALS, Lemos M, Cunha JR, Gaeta ML, Costa M, Zamocky M, Saibo NJM, Silveira JAG, Margis R, Margis-Pinheiro M. Stromal Ascorbate Peroxidase ( OsAPX7) Modulates Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice ( Oryza sativa). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020387. [PMID: 36829946 PMCID: PMC9952370 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloroplast ascorbate peroxidases exert an important role in the maintenance of hydrogen peroxide levels in chloroplasts by using ascorbate as the specific electron donor. In this work, we performed a functional study of the stromal APX in rice (OsAPX7) and demonstrated that silencing of OsAPX7 did not impact plant growth, redox state, or photosynthesis parameters. Nevertheless, when subjected to drought stress, silenced plants (APX7i) show a higher capacity to maintain stomata aperture and photosynthesis performance, resulting in a higher tolerance when compared to non-transformed plants. RNA-seq analyses indicate that the silencing of OsAPX7 did not lead to changes in the global expression of genes related to reactive oxygen species metabolism. In addition, the drought-mediated induction of several genes related to the proteasome pathway and the down-regulation of genes related to nitrogen and carotenoid metabolism was impaired in APX7i plants. During drought stress, APX7i showed an up-regulation of genes encoding flavonoid and tyrosine metabolism enzymes and a down-regulation of genes related to phytohormones signal transduction and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Our results demonstrate that OsAPX7 might be involved in signaling transduction pathways related to drought stress response, contributing to the understanding of the physiological role of chloroplast APX isoforms in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andreia Caverzan
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalia Balbinott
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Paloma K. Menguer
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana L. S. Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Moaciria Lemos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Juliana R. Cunha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Marcos L. Gaeta
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Miguel Costa
- LEAF, TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcel Zamocky
- Laboratory of Phylogenomic Ecology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nelson J. M. Saibo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Joaquim A. G. Silveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Rogério Margis
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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15
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Qi F, Li J, Hong X, Jia Z, Wu B, Lin F, Liang Y. Overexpression of an Antioxidant Enzyme APX1 in cpr5 Mutant Restores its Pleiotropic Growth Phenotype. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020301. [PMID: 36829863 PMCID: PMC9952838 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Breeding crops with enhanced immunity is an effective strategy to reduce yield loss caused by pathogens. The constitutive expresser of pathogenesis-related genes (cpr5) mutant shows enhanced pathogen resistance but retarded growth; thus, it restricts the application of cpr5 in breeding crops with disease resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in plant growth and defense. In this study, we determined that the cpr5 mutant exhibited excessive ROS accumulation. However, the mutation of respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD), a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase responsible for the production of ROS signaling in plant immunity, did not suppress excessive ROS levels in cpr5. Furthermore, the cpr5 mutant showed low levels of ascorbate peroxidase 1 (APX1), an important cytosolic ROS-scavenging enzyme. APX1 overexpression in the cpr5 background removed excessive ROS and restored the pleiotropic growth phenotype. Notably, APX1 overexpression did not reduce the resistance of cpr5 mutant to virulent strain Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 and avirulent strain Pst DC3000 (avrRpt2). These results suggest that the removal of excessive ROS by APX1 overexpression restored the cpr5 growth phenotype while conserving pathogen resistance. Hence, our study provides a theoretical and empirical basis for utilizing CPR5 in the breeding of crops with disease resistance by effective oxidative stress management via APX1 expression.
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16
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Kgang IE, Klein A, Mohamed GG, Mathabe PMK, Belay ZA, Caleb OJ. Enzymatic and proteomic exploration into the inhibitory activities of lemongrass and lemon essential oils against Botrytis cinerea (causative pathogen of gray mold). Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1101539. [PMID: 36741895 PMCID: PMC9890175 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Essential oils (EOs) have been demonstrated as efficacious against B. cinerea. However, the underpinning enzymatic and proteomic mechanism for these inhibitory effects is not entirely clear. Methods Thus, this study examined the effects of lemon (Le) and lemongrass (Lg) EOs (individually and in combination) against B. cinerea based on enzymatic and proteomic analyses. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038894. Results and discussion Both EOs (individually and in combination) displayed abilities to induce scavenging as observed with the reduction of H2O2. Measured malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were increased in all EOs treated B. cinerea mycelia compared to the control. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was highest in Lg treated B. cinerea (206% increase), followed by combined (Le + Lg) treatment with 73% compared to the untreated control. Based on GC-MS analysis, the number of volatile compounds identified in lemon and lemongrass EOs were 7 and 10, respectively. Major chemical constituent of lemon EO was d-limonene (71%), while lemongrass EO was a-citral (50.1%). Based on the interrogated LC-MS data, 42 distinct proteins were identified, and 13 of these proteins were unique with 1, 8, and 4 found in Le-, Lg-, and (Le + Lg) EOs treated B. cinerea, respectively, and none in control. Overall, 72% of identified proteins were localized within cellular anatomical entity, and 28% in protein-complexes. Proteins involved in translation initiation, antioxidant activity, protein macromolecule adaptor activity and microtubule motor activity were only identified in the Lg and (Le + Lg) EOs treated B. cinerea mycelia, which was consistent with their APX activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itumeleng E. Kgang
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Gadija G. Mohamed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Patricia M. K. Mathabe
- School of Agriculture, Food & the Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Zinash A. Belay
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi James Caleb
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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17
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Zhang B, Lewis JA, Kovacs F, Sattler SE, Sarath G, Kang C. Activity of Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) from Panicum virgatum against Ascorbate and Phenylpropanoids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1778. [PMID: 36675291 PMCID: PMC9864165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
APX is a key antioxidant enzyme in higher plants, scavenging H2O2 with ascorbate in several cellular compartments. Here, we report the crystal structures of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase from switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L., Pvi), a strategic feedstock plant with several end uses. The overall structure of PviAPX was similar to the structures of other APX family members, with a bound ascorbate molecule at the ɣ-heme edge pocket as in other APXs. Our results indicated that the H2O2-dependent oxidation of ascorbate displayed positive cooperativity. Significantly, our study suggested that PviAPX can oxidize a broad range of phenylpropanoids with δ-meso site in a rather similar efficiency, which reflects its role in the fortification of cell walls in response to insect feeding. Based on detailed structural and kinetic analyses and molecular docking, as well as that of closely related APX enzymes, the critical residues in each substrate-binding site of PviAPX are proposed. Taken together, these observations shed new light on the function and catalysis of PviAPX, and potentially benefit efforts improve plant health and biomass quality in bioenergy and forage crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jacob A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Frank Kovacs
- Chemistry Department, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Scott E. Sattler
- Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - ChulHee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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18
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Tunçtürk M, Rezaee Danesh Y, Tunçtürk R, Oral E, Najafi S, Nohutçu L, Jalal A, da Silva Oliveira CE, Filho MCMT. Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) Response to Cadmium Stress: Morpho-Physiological Traits and Mineral Concentrations. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13010135. [PMID: 36676083 PMCID: PMC9861005 DOI: 10.3390/life13010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a widely distributed heavy metal in agricultural soils that affects plant growth and productivity. In this context, the current study investigated the effects of different cadmium (Cd) doses (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1 of CdSO4) on the growth and physiological attributes of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) including plant height (cm), root length (cm), fresh weight (g) of root, stem, and leaves, leaf number, macro and micro-nutrients, Se, and heavy metal (Cd, Cr, and Pb) content. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. The results showed that Cd stress significantly negatively affected all growth indices, macro- and micro-nutrients, and heavy metal content. In addition, it increased the MDA and APX activities. The highest amounts of Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, K, Na, Cd, Cr, and Cu were determined in plant roots, while the highest values of Ca and Mg were detected in plant stem tissues. High Cd doses decreased the content of Ca, K, Mg, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn in safflower plant tissues by 45.47%, 39.33%, 79.28%, 68.21%, 37.06%, 66.67%, 45.62%, 50.38%, 54.37%, 33.33% and 65.87%, respectively, as compared to the control treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Tunçtürk
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Van, Türkiye
| | - Younes Rezaee Danesh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
- Correspondence: or
| | - Rüveyde Tunçtürk
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Van, Türkiye
| | - Erol Oral
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Van, Türkiye
| | - Solmaz Najafi
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Van, Türkiye
| | - Lütfi Nohutçu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Van, Türkiye
| | - Arshad Jalal
- Department of Plant Protection, Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 01049-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira
- Department of Plant Protection, Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 01049-010, SP, Brazil
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19
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Jardim-Messeder D, de Souza-Vieira Y, Lavaquial LC, Cassol D, Galhego V, Bastos GA, Felix-Cordeiro T, Corrêa RL, Zámocký M, Margis-Pinheiro M, Sachetto-Martins G. Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle Genes Families in Euphorbiaceae: Characterization and Evolutionary Analysis. Biology (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36671712 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Monodehydroascorbate Reductase (MDAR), Dehydroascorbate Reductase (DHAR) and Glutathione Reductase (GR) enzymes participate in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, which exerts a central role in the antioxidant metabolism in plants. Despite the importance of this antioxidant system in different signal transduction networks related to development and response to environmental stresses, the pathway has not yet been comprehensively characterized in many crop plants. Among different eudicotyledons, the Euphorbiaceae family is particularly diverse with some species highly tolerant to drought. Here the APX, MDAR, DHAR, and GR genes in Ricinus communis, Jatropha curcas, Manihot esculenta, and Hevea brasiliensis were identified and characterized. The comprehensive phylogenetic and genomic analyses allowed the classification of the genes into different classes, equivalent to cytosolic, peroxisomal, chloroplastic, and mitochondrial enzymes, and revealed the duplication events that contribute to the expansion of these families within plant genomes. Due to the high drought stress tolerance of Ricinus communis, the expression patterns of ascorbate-glutathione cycle genes in response to drought were also analyzed in leaves and roots, indicating a differential expression during the stress. Altogether, these data contributed to the characterization of the expression pattern and evolutionary analysis of these genes, filling the gap in the proposed functions of core components of the antioxidant mechanism during stress response in an economically relevant group of plants.
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20
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Jardim-Messeder D, Zamocky M, Sachetto-Martins G, Margis-Pinheiro M. Chloroplastic ascorbate peroxidases targeted to stroma or thylakoid membrane: The chicken or egg dilemma. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2989-3004. [PMID: 35776057 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) are heme peroxidases that remove hydrogen peroxide in different subcellular compartments with concomitant ascorbate cycling. Here, we analysed and discussed phylogenetic and molecular features of the APX family. Ancient APX originated as a soluble stromal enzyme, and early during plant evolution, acquired both chloroplast-targeting and mitochondrion-targeting sequences and an alternative splicing mechanism whereby it could be expressed as a soluble or thylakoid membrane-bound enzyme. Later, independent duplication and neofunctionalization events in some angiosperm groups resulted in individual genes encoding stromal, thylakoidal and mitochondrial isoforms. These data reaffirm the complexity of plant antioxidant defenses that allow diverse plant species to acquire new means to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcel Zamocky
- Laboratory of Phylogenomic Ecology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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21
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Yamada M, Suzuki K, Tanabe N, Suzuki T, Nishizawa-Yokoi A, Shigeoka S, Yoshimura K. An oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding-fold protein enhances the alternative splicing event producing thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase in Nicotiana tabacum. G3 (Bethesda) 2022; 12:jkac169. [PMID: 35788847 PMCID: PMC9434269 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The stromal and thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase isoforms are produced by the alternative splicing event of the 3'-terminal region of the APXII gene in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), but not in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, all alternative splicing variants were detected in APXII gene-transformed Arabidopsis, indicating the occurrence of its regulatory mechanisms in Arabidopsis. The efficiency of this alternative splicing event in producing thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase mRNA is regulated by a splicing regulatory cis element, but trans splicing regulatory factor(s) for alternative splicing remain unclear. To identify this factor, we conducted a forward genetic screen using Arabidopsis in combination with a luciferase reporter system to evaluate the alternative splicing efficiency of thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase mRNA production. We isolated 9 mutant lines that showed low efficiency of the AS in producing thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase mRNA compared with that in the control plants. From one mutant [APXII alternative splicing inhibition (apsi1)], the causal gene responsible for the phenotype, AT5G38890 (oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding-fold protein, APSI1), was identified. The levels of thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase mRNA from the transformed APXII gene decreased and increased in APSI1 knockout and APSI1-overexpressing plants, respectively. APSI1 was localized to the nucleus and specifically bound to the splicing regulatory cis element sequence. Tobacco plants that disrupted the closest homologs of APSI1 showed low levels of endogenous thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase mRNA. These results indicate that APSI1 is an enhancing component of the alternative splicing event of APXII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yamada
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Kanako Suzuki
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Noriaki Tanabe
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Ayako Nishizawa-Yokoi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
| | - Shigeru Shigeoka
- Experimental Farm, Kindai University, Arita, Wakayama 643-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yoshimura
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
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22
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Aleem M, Aleem S, Sharif I, Aleem M, Shahzad R, Khan MI, Batool A, Sarwar G, Farooq J, Iqbal A, Jan BL, Kaushik P, Feng X, Bhat JA, Ahmad P. Whole-Genome Identification of APX and CAT Gene Families in Cultivated and Wild Soybeans and Their Regulatory Function in Plant Development and Stress Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1626. [PMID: 36009347 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants coevolved with their antioxidant defense systems, which detoxify and adjust levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under multiple plant stresses. We performed whole-genome identification of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) families in cultivated and wild soybeans. In cultivated and wild soybean genomes, we identified 11 and 10 APX genes, respectively, whereas the numbers of identified CAT genes were four in each species. Comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed more homology among cultivated and wild soybeans relative to other legumes. Exon/intron structure, motif and synteny blocks are conserved in cultivated and wild species. According to the Ka/Ks value, purifying selection is a major force for evolution of these gene families in wild soybean; however, the APX gene family was evolved by both positive and purifying selection in cultivated soybean. Segmental duplication was a major factor involved in the expansion of APX and CAT genes. Expression patterns revealed that APX and CAT genes are differentially expressed across fourteen different soybean tissues under water deficit (WD), heat stress (HS) and combined drought plus heat stress (WD + HS). Altogether, the current study provides broad insights into these gene families in soybeans. Our results indicate that APX and CAT gene families modulate multiple stress response in soybeans.
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23
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Kabała K, Reda M, Wdowikowska A, Janicka M. Role of Plasma Membrane NADPH Oxidase in Response to Salt Stress in Cucumber Seedlings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081534. [PMID: 36009253 PMCID: PMC9404751 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases (RBOHs, EC 1.6.3.1) are known as the main ROS generators involved in plant adaptation to stress conditions. In the present work, regulation of NADPH oxidase was analyzed in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. var. Krak) seedlings exposed to salinity. RBOH activity and gene expression, as well as H2O2 content, were determined in the roots of plants treated with 50 or 100 mM NaCl for 1 h, and 50 mM NaCl for 1 or 6 days. It was found that enzyme activity increased in parallel with an enhancement in the H2O2 level in roots exposed to 100 mM NaCl for 1 h, and to 50 mM NaCl for 1 day. The expression of some CsRboh genes was induced by salt. Moreover, an increase in the activity of G6PDH, providing the substrate for the NADPH oxidase, was observed. In seedlings subjected to salinity for a longer time, antioxidant enzymes-including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase-were activated, participating in maintaining a steady-state H2O2 content in the root cells. In conclusion, NADPH oxidase and endogenous H2O2 up-regulation seem to be early events in cucumber response to salinity.
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24
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Li H, He CW, Zhu J, Xie Z. A Validated Set of Ascorbate Peroxidase-Based Organelle Markers for Electron Microscopy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. mSphere 2022;:e0010722. [PMID: 35727034 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00107-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically encoded tags, such as engineered ascorbate peroxidase APEX2, offer unique advantages for the specific labeling of subcellular structures in electron microscopy (EM). However, the use of APEX2 in EM investigation of yeast has been limited. Here we describe the development of APEX2-based organelle markers for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that with regard to APEX2 -catalyzed formation of diaminobenzidine precipitation, cell wall removal was not essential during sample preparation, yet the presence of fluorescent proteins in APEX2 chimeras had a negative impact. We showed that major organelles including endoplasmic reticulum, early Golgi, late Golgi/early endosomes, late endosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and lipid droplets could be labeled by appropriate APEX2 chimeras. The subcellular localization of our APEX2 chimeras was verified by EM visualization and supplemented with immunofluorescence colocalization analysis when necessary, validating their feasibility as organelle markers. IMPORTANCE Yeast is an excellent single cellular model system for studying basic cellular processes. However, yeast cells are much smaller than most animal and plant cells, making the observation and recognition of yeast subcellular structures challenging. Here we developed a set of yeast organelle markers for use in electron microscopy and documented our technical approach for using this method.
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25
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Zhang J, Jia X, Wang GF, Ma S, Wang S, Yang Q, Chen X, Zhang Y, Lyu Y, Wang X, Shi J, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Wu L. Ascorbate peroxidase 1 confers resistance to southern corn leaf blight in maize. J Integr Plant Biol 2022; 64:1196-1211. [PMID: 35319160 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB), caused by Bipolaris maydis, is one of the most devastating diseases affecting maize production. However, only one SLCB resistance gene, conferring partial resistance, is currently known, underscoring the importance of isolating new SCLB resistance-related genes. Here, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis and identified 258 proteins showing differential abundance during the maize response to B. maydis. These proteins included an ascorbate peroxidase (Zea mays ascorbate peroxidase 1 (ZmAPX1)) encoded by a gene located within the mapping interval of a previously identified quantitative trait locus associated with SCLB resistance. ZmAPX1 overexpression resulted in lower H2 O2 accumulation and enhanced resistance against B. maydis. Jasmonic acid (JA) contents and transcript levels for JA biosynthesis and responsive genes increased in ZmAPX1-overexpressing plants infected with B. maydis, whereas Zmapx1 mutants showed the opposite effects. We further determined that low levels of H2 O2 are accompanied by an accumulation of JA that enhances SCLB resistance. These results demonstrate that ZmAPX1 positively regulates SCLB resistance by decreasing H2 O2 accumulation and activating the JA-mediated defense signaling pathway. This study identified ZmAPX1 as a potentially useful gene for increasing SCLB resistance. Furthermore, the generated data may be relevant for clarifying the functions of plant APXs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xingmeng Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guan-Feng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biologym, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shijun Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biologym, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shunxi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xueyan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, 2351, NSW, Australia
| | - Yajing Lyu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yangtao Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Liuji Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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26
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Lu T, Zhu L, Liang Y, Wang F, Cao A, Xie S, Chen X, Shen H, Wang B, Hu M, Li R, Jin X, Li H. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Ascorbate Peroxidase-Mediated Plant Resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Gossypium barbadense. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:877146. [PMID: 35665163 PMCID: PMC9161280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.877146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In previous research on the resistance of cotton to Verticillium wilt (VW), Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense were usually used as the susceptible and resistant cotton species, despite their different genetic backgrounds. Herein, we present data independent acquisition (DIA)-based comparative proteomic analysis of two G. barbadense cultivars differing in VW tolerance, susceptible XH7 and resistant XH21. A total of 4,118 proteins were identified, and 885 of them were differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). Eight co-expressed modules were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. GO enrichment analysis of the module that significantly correlated with V. dahliae infection time revealed that oxidoreductase and peroxidase were the most significantly enriched GO terms. The last-step rate-limiting enzyme for ascorbate acid (AsA) biosynthesis was further uncovered in the significantly enriched GO terms of the 184 XH21-specific DAPs. Additionally, the expression of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) members showed quick accumulation after inoculation. Compared to XH7, XH21 contained consistently higher AsA contents and rapidly increased levels of APX expression, suggesting their potential importance for the resistance to V. dahliae. Silencing GbAPX1/12 in both XH7 and XH 21 resulted in a dramatic reduction in VW resistance. Our data indicate that APX-mediated oxidoreductive metabolism is important for VW resistance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yuxuan Liang
- Research Center for Wild Animal and Plant Resource Protection and Utilization, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Aiping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Shuangquan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Beini Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Man Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Research Center for Wild Animal and Plant Resource Protection and Utilization, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Chen Y, Zou H, Yan B, Wu X, Cao W, Qian Y, Zheng L, Yang G. Atomically Dispersed Cu Nanozyme with Intensive Ascorbate Peroxidase Mimic Activity Capable of Alleviating ROS-Mediated Oxidation Damage. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2103977. [PMID: 34951150 PMCID: PMC8844488 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) as a crucial antioxidant enzyme has drawn attentions for its utilization in preventing cells from oxidative stress responses by efficiently scavenging H2 O2 in plants. For eliminating the specific inactivation of natural APXs and regulating the catalytic activity, single-atom nanozymes are considered as promising classes of alternatives with similar active sites and maximal atomic utilization efficiency to natural APXs. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) anchored with isolated single copper atoms (Cu SAs/CN) is designed as an efficient nanozyme with intrinsic APX mimetic behavior. The engineered Cu SAs/CN exhibits comparable specific activity and kinetics to the natural APXs. Based on the density functional theory (DFT), Cu-N4 moieties in the active center of Cu SAs/CN are determined to exert such favorable APX catalytic performance, in which the electron transfer between Cu and coordinated N atoms facilitates the activation and cleavage of the adsorbed H2 O2 molecules and results in fast kinetics. The constructed Cu SAs/CN nanozyme with superior APX-like performance and high biocompatibility can be applied for effectively protecting the H2 O2 -treated cells against oxidative injury in vitro. These findings report the single-atom nanozymes as a successful paradigm for guiding nanozymes to implement APX mimetic performance for reactive oxygen species-related biotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesNanotechnology Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of PhysicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Hang Zou
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515P. R. China
| | - Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesNanotechnology Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of PhysicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Xiaoju Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesNanotechnology Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of PhysicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesNanotechnology Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of PhysicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Yihang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesNanotechnology Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of PhysicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510515P. R. China
| | - Guowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesNanotechnology Research CenterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of PhysicsSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275P. R. China
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28
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Sarraf M, Vishwakarma K, Kumar V, Arif N, Das S, Johnson R, Janeeshma E, Puthur JT, Aliniaeifard S, Chauhan DK, Fujita M, Hasanuzzaman M. Metal/Metalloid-Based Nanomaterials for Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance: An Overview of the Mechanisms. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11030316. [PMID: 35161297 PMCID: PMC8839771 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In agriculture, abiotic stress is one of the critical issues impacting the crop productivity and yield. Such stress factors lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, and other plant metabolic activities. To neutralize the harmful effects of abiotic stress, several strategies have been employed that include the utilization of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials are now gaining attention worldwide to protect plant growth against abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, extreme temperatures, flooding, etc. However, their behavior is significantly impacted by the dose in which they are being used in agriculture. Furthermore, the action of nanomaterials in plants under various stresses still require understanding. Hence, with this background, the present review envisages to highlight beneficial role of nanomaterials in plants, their mode of action, and their mechanism in overcoming various abiotic stresses. It also emphasizes upon antioxidant activities of different nanomaterials and their dose-dependent variability in plants' growth under stress. Nevertheless, limitations of using nanomaterials in agriculture are also presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sarraf
- Department of Horticulture Science, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz 71987-74731, Iran;
| | - Kanchan Vishwakarma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban 182144, India;
| | - Namira Arif
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India; (N.A.); (D.K.C.)
| | - Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India;
| | - Riya Johnson
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O., Kozhikode 673635, India; (R.J.); (E.J.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Edappayil Janeeshma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O., Kozhikode 673635, India; (R.J.); (E.J.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Jos T. Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O., Kozhikode 673635, India; (R.J.); (E.J.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran;
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India; (N.A.); (D.K.C.)
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.H.)
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.H.)
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Paunescu RA, Bonciu E, Rosculete E, Paunescu G, Rosculete CA, Babeanu C. The Variability for the Biochemical Indicators at the Winter Wheat Assortment and Identifying the Sources with a High Antioxidant Activity. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112443. [PMID: 34834806 PMCID: PMC8617625 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the variability of some biochemical indicators in the winter wheat assortments tested in south-western Oltenia (Romania) and identification of the sources showing a high antioxidant activity. The peroxidase activity has intensified as the stress induced by treatment with PEG of different concentrations and in different doses increased. Regarding the peroxidase content, among the varieties treated with PEG 10,000 25%, the majority of the Romanian varieties tested showed higher values of the PEG/control treatment ratio, which suggests tolerance to drought. In reverse, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase is lower in tolerant varieties. The varieties with a subunit report have been noted. Among them are the Izvor variety, known as the drought-tolerant variety, as well as other Romanian varieties: Alex, Delabrad, Lovrin 34, etc. An increased activity of catalase was present in most varieties, so there is the possibility of drought tolerance. Among the varieties highlighted are Romanian varieties (Dropia, Trivale, Nikifor, etc.) but also foreign varieties (Kristina, GH Hattyu, Karlygash, etc.). However, the correlation between yield index in the limited assortment and the antioxidant enzyme content ratios between PEG and control treatments does not exist, suggesting that none of these biochemical indicators are a selective indicator for drought tolerance under the experimental condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Aida Paunescu
- Syngenta Agro Romania, 73-81 Bucuresti-Ploiesti Street, 013685 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Elena Bonciu
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Elena Rosculete
- Department of Land Measurement, Management, Mechanization, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Gabriela Paunescu
- SCDA Caracal, University of Craiova, 106 Vasile Alecsandri Street, 235200 Caracal, Romania;
| | - Catalin Aurelian Rosculete
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Cristina Babeanu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania;
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Yap K, Chung TH, Makeyev EV. Hybridization-proximity labeling reveals spatially ordered interactions of nuclear RNA compartments. Mol Cell 2021; 82:463-478.e11. [PMID: 34741808 PMCID: PMC8791277 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability of RNAs to form specific contacts with other macromolecules provides an important mechanism for subcellular compartmentalization. Here we describe a suite of hybridization-proximity (HyPro) labeling technologies for unbiased discovery of proteins (HyPro-MS) and transcripts (HyPro-seq) associated with RNAs of interest in genetically unperturbed cells. As a proof of principle, we show that HyPro-MS and HyPro-seq can identify both known and previously unexplored spatial neighbors of the noncoding RNAs 45S, NEAT1, and PNCTR expressed at markedly different levels. Notably, HyPro-seq uncovers an extensive repertoire of incompletely processed, adenosine-to-inosine-edited transcripts accumulating at the interface between their encoding chromosomal regions and the NEAT1-containing paraspeckle compartment. At least some of these targets require NEAT1 for their optimal expression. Overall, this study provides a versatile toolkit for dissecting RNA interactomes in diverse biomedical contexts and expands our understanding of the functional architecture of the mammalian nucleus. HyPro labeling uncovers interactors and spatial neighbors of RNAs of interest Protein and RNA partners are identified by mass spectrometry and deep sequencing No genetic modifications are required, allowing wider biomedical use Interactomes of RNA-containing nuclear bodies are mapped as a proof of principle
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Yap
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tek Hong Chung
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Eugene V Makeyev
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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Spissu Y, Barberis A, D'hallewin G, Orrù G, Scano A, Serra GR, Pinna M, Pinna C, Marceddu S, Serra PA. An Ascorbate Bluetooth© Analyzer for Quality Control of Fresh-Cut Parsley Supply Chain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1485. [PMID: 34573118 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides companies in the fresh-cut produce sector with an Ascorbate Bluetooth© Analyzer (ABA), a screen-printed sensor-based device for ascorbic acid (AA) detection, for quality control all along the supply chain. The amperometric detection of AA on fresh and fresh-cut parsley, under correct and incorrect storage temperature, allowed us to investigate the kinetics of AA decay in response to oxidative stress. The role of ascorbate oxidase (AOx) and ascorbate peroxidase (APx) was studied. ABA was used in situ by unskilled personnel. Treatments influenced AA decay kinetics, which were linear in fresh parsley, and non-linear in fresh-cut. Two hours at 28 °C immediately after chopping, the resilience of the fresh-cut parsley was reduced, even though the cold chain was restored. Two hours at -2 °C caused a rapid loss of AA until its complete decay after 72 h. Significant differences between treatments were observed in both the expression and activity of AOx and APx. ABA registered sudden changes of parsley AA following unpredicted variations of temperature during processing or transport. It was useful to remedy the effects of unexpected flaws in the cold chain, which can be proposed for quality preservation of different fresh-cut produce.
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Ullah R, Sher S, Muhammad Z, Afriq Jan S, Nafees M. Modulating response of sunflower (Hellianthus annuus) to induced salinity stress through application of engineered urea functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:244-252. [PMID: 34369637 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Agro-nanotechnology aims to improve the quality and quantity of plants and plant products while preserving environmental health. Contemporary anecdotal studies that provide representation of the use of nanostructures as fertilizers, pesticides, and plant growth regulators have highlighted the need to determine the effect of such modified nanofertilizers on transforming plant yield under abiotic stress. Present study was performed to modulate the physiological response of Hellianthus annuus through the application of Urea capped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (Urea-HANPs) in stressed environment. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were synthesized via co-precipitation method, functionalized with urea and characterized through a series of contemporary techniques of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. We observed that Urea-HANPs significantly (p < .05) ameliorated resistivity in plant to osmotic stress by enhancing agronomic and physiobiochemical attributes. Elevated chlorophyll contents were reported from tested leaves treated with Urea-HANPs in T6 (0.05 M NaCl + 10 μg/ml Urea-HANP) under induced salinity stress. Data revealed significant decrease in osmolytes at T3 (0.1 M NaCl), and T4 (0.2 M NaCl) which was significantly ameliorated in T9 (0.1 M NaCl + 10 μg/ml Urea-HANPs) and T12 (0.2 M NaCl + 10 μg/ml Urea-HANPs). The antioxidant system was boosted up by the application of Urea-HANPs preventing the plant from oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been concluded that alleviation in impact of osmotic stress on plant through the use of Urea-HANPs was coupled with elevation in photosynthetic performance, stimulation of osmolytes and boosting antioxidant system of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehman Ullah
- Plant Physiology Lab., Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Safia Sher
- Plant Physiology Lab., Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Muhammad
- Plant Physiology Lab., Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Afriq Jan
- Plant Physiology Lab., Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Plant Physiology Lab., Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Kameoka T, Okayasu T, Kikuraku K, Ogawa T, Sawa Y, Yamamoto H, Ishikawa T, Maruta T. Cooperation of chloroplast ascorbate peroxidases and proton gradient regulation 5 is critical for protecting Arabidopsis plants from photo-oxidative stress. Plant J 2021; 107:876-892. [PMID: 34028907 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High-light (HL) stress enhances the production of H2 O2 from the photosynthetic electron transport chain in chloroplasts, potentially causing photo-oxidative damage. Although stromal and thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidases (sAPX and tAPX, respectively) are major H2 O2 -scavenging enzymes in chloroplasts, their knockout mutants do not exhibit a visible phenotype under HL stress. Trans-thylakoid proton gradient (∆pH)-dependent mechanisms exist for controlling H2 O2 production from photosynthesis, such as thermal dissipation of light energy and downregulation of electron transfer between photosystems II and I, and these may compensate for the lack of APXs. To test this hypothesis, we focused on a proton gradient regulation 5 (pgr5) mutant, wherein both ∆pH-dependent mechanisms are impaired, and an Arabidopsis sapx tapx double mutant was crossed with the pgr5 single mutant. The sapx tapx pgr5 triple mutant exhibited extreme sensitivity to HL compared with its parental lines. This phenotype was consistent with cellular redox perturbations and enhanced expression of many oxidative stress-responsive genes. These findings demonstrate that the PGR5-dependent mechanisms compensate for chloroplast APXs, and vice versa. An intriguing finding was that the failure of induction of non-photochemical quenching in pgr5 (because of the limitation in ∆pH formation) was partially recovered in sapx tapx pgr5. Further genetic studies suggested that this recovery was dependent on the NADH dehydrogenase-like complex-dependent pathway for cyclic electron flow around photosystem I. Together with data from the sapx tapx npq4 mutant, we discuss the interrelationship between APXs and ∆pH-dependent mechanisms under HL stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kameoka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takaya Okayasu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kana Kikuraku
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ogawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sawa
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takanori Maruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
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Weissinger R, Heinold L, Akram S, Jansen RP, Hermesh O. RNA Proximity Labeling: A New Detection Tool for RNA-Protein Interactions. Molecules 2021; 26:2270. [PMID: 33919831 PMCID: PMC8070807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple cellular functions are controlled by the interaction of RNAs and proteins. Together with the RNAs they control, RNA interacting proteins form RNA protein complexes, which are considered to serve as the true regulatory units for post-transcriptional gene expression. To understand how RNAs are modified, transported, and regulated therefore requires specific knowledge of their interaction partners. To this end, multiple techniques have been developed to characterize the interaction between RNAs and proteins. In this review, we briefly summarize the common methods to study RNA-protein interaction including crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP), and aptamer- or antisense oligonucleotide-based RNA affinity purification. Following this, we focus on in vivo proximity labeling to study RNA-protein interactions. In proximity labeling, a labeling enzyme like ascorbate peroxidase or biotin ligase is targeted to specific RNAs, RNA-binding proteins, or even cellular compartments and uses biotin to label the proteins and RNAs in its vicinity. The tagged molecules are then enriched and analyzed by mass spectrometry or RNA-Seq. We highlight the latest studies that exemplify the strength of this approach for the characterization of RNA protein complexes and distribution of RNAs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Orit Hermesh
- Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry (IFIB), Tübingen University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (R.W.); (L.H.); (S.A.); (R.-P.J.)
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Gorripati S, Konka R, Panditi SK, Velagapudi K, Jeevigunta NLL. Overexpression of the ascorbate peroxidase through enhancer-trapped pSB111 bar vector for alleviating drought stress in rice. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:315-329. [PMID: 33616231 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant growth and productivity is adversely affected by various stress factors. Overexpression of drought tolerance-related genes is one of the best approaches for developing drought-resistant transgenics. Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been widely used in generating transgenic plants through plasmid vector to obtain desired characteristics and to know the specific expression profiles of genes in the plant. The enhancer trap method was developed to know the specific expression of genes at different stages of growth by entrapping the genes of an organism. In the present study, we designed a vector molecule with a feature of promoting the expression of a specific gene more than four times than its normal expression and it is useful for efficient transformation to higher plants by utilizing the trans configuration of vir genes of the plasmid A. tumefaciens, to transfer right and left sequence bordered of transferred DNA (T-DNA) into the nuclear genome of plants. We developed a binary vector consisting of 1.8-kb green fluorescent protein (GFP) cassette as a reporter gene and 1.4-kb tetramer of CaMv35S enhancer (4XEn) were cloned at HindIII site of pSB11 bar intermediate vector to tag and know the genes and their expression profiles, then mobilized into A. tumefaciens to produce a super-binary vector pSB111-bar-4XEn-GFP. The resultant construct was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction digestion methods. Finally, we discuss the role of overexpressed ascorbate peroxidase in drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Gorripati
- Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rajasekhar Konka
- Department of Biochemistry, Chaitanya Postgraduate College, Waranagal, Telangana, India
| | - Shravana Kumar Panditi
- Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.,Department of Zoology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kavitha Velagapudi
- Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Andhra Loyola College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Xiao L, Jiang G, Yan H, Lai H, Su X, Jiang Y, Duan X. Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B Regulates the Activity of Ascorbate Peroxidase of Banana Fruit. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:310. [PMID: 33670705 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a key antioxidant enzyme that is involved in diverse developmental and physiological process and stress responses by scavenging H2O2 in plants. APX itself is also subjected to multiple posttranslational modifications (PTMs). However, redox-mediated PTM of APX in plants remains poorly understood. Here, we identified and confirmed that MaAPX1 interacts with methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 (MsrB2) in bananas. Ectopic overexpression of MaAPX1 delays the detached leaf senescence induced by darkness in Arabidopsis. Sulfoxidation of MaAPX1, i.e., methionine oxidation, leads to loss of the activity, which is repaired partially by MaMsrB2. Moreover, mimicking sulfoxidation by mutating Met36 to Gln also decreases its activity in vitro and in vivo, whereas substitution of Met36 with Val36 to mimic the blocking of sulfoxidation has little effect on APX activity. Spectral analysis showed that mimicking sulfoxidation of Met36 hinders the formation of compound I, the first intermediate between APX and H2O2. Our findings demonstrate that the redox state of methionine in MaAPX1 is critical to its activity, and MaMsrB2 can regulate the redox state and activity of MaAPX1. Our results revealed a novel post-translational redox modification of APX.
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Kaur S, Prakash P, Bak DH, Hong SH, Cho C, Chung MS, Kim JH, Lee S, Bai HW, Lee SY, Chung BY, Lee SS. Regulation of Dual Activity of Ascorbate Peroxidase 1 From Arabidopsis thaliana by Conformational Changes and Posttranslational Modifications. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:678111. [PMID: 34194454 PMCID: PMC8236860 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.678111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme, which catalyzes the removal of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to prevent oxidative damage. The peroxidase activity of APX is regulated by posttranslational modifications (PTMs), such as S-nitrosylation, tyrosine nitration, and S-sulfhydration. In addition, it has been recently reported that APX functions as a molecular chaperone, protecting rice against heat stress. In this study, we attempted to identify the various functions of APX in Arabidopsis and the effects of PTMs on these functions. Cytosol type APX1 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtAPX1) exists in multimeric forms ranging from dimeric to high-molecular-weight (HMW) complexes. Similar to the rice APX2, AtAPX1 plays a dual role behaving both as a regular peroxidase and a chaperone molecule. The dual activity of AtAPX1 was strongly related to its structural status. The main dimeric form of the AtAPX1 protein showed the highest peroxidase activity, whereas the HMW form exhibited the highest chaperone activity. Moreover, in vivo studies indicated that the structure of AtAPX1 was regulated by heat and salt stresses, with both involved in the association and dissociation of complexes, respectively. Additionally, we investigated the effects of S-nitrosylation, S-sulfhydration, and tyrosine nitration on the protein structure and functions using gel analysis and enzymatic activity assays. S-nitrosylation and S-sulfhydration positively regulated the peroxidase activity, whereas tyrosine nitration had a negative impact. However, no effects were observed on the chaperone function and the oligomeric status of AtAPX1. Our results will facilitate the understanding of the role and regulation of APX under abiotic stress and posttranslational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhpreet Kaur
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Prapti Prakash
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Bak
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Chuloh Cho
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sungbeom Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 PLUS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Seung Sik Lee,
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Sarker U, Oba S. The Response of Salinity Stress-Induced A. tricolor to Growth, Anatomy, Physiology, Non-Enzymatic and Enzymatic Antioxidants. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:559876. [PMID: 33178233 PMCID: PMC7596248 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.559876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An investigation was carried out to elucidate growth, anatomical, physiological, and major ROS detoxification pathways involved in the tolerance of A. tricolor under salinity stress. Both VA14 and VA3 varieties exhibited the reduction in relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic pigments, growth, increased electrolyte leakage (EL), and leaf anatomy adaptation under salinity stress, whereas VA14 was well adapted and performed better compared to VA3. Higher ROS accumulation was demonstrated in the sensitive variety (VA3) in comparison to the tolerant variety (VA14). Salinity stress changed the cellular antioxidant pool by increasing total carotenoids, ascorbate, proline, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in both varieties. Although a higher increment was demonstrated in the tolerant variety, the proline increment was much more pronounced in the sensitive variety. Non-enzymatic antioxidant, ascorbate, carotenoids, TPC, TFC, TAC, and antioxidant enzymes SOD and APX were noted to be a major H2O2 detoxifier in the tolerant A. tricolor variety, where there is a comparatively lower H2O2 load. It was complemented by GPOX and CAT activity at a comparatively higher H2O2 load (in the sensitive variety). SOD contributed to the dismutation of superoxide radical (SOR) both in the tolerant and sensitive varieties; however, it greatly contributed to the dismutation of SOR in the tolerant variety. The increase in SOD, ascorbate, and APX makes it predominantly evident that SOD and the AsA-GSH cycle had greatly contributed to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the tolerant variety of A. tricolor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Shinya Oba
- Laboratory of Field Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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Qu C, Wang L, Zhao Y, Liu C. Molecular Evolution of Maize Ascorbate Peroxidase Genes and Their Functional Divergence. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1204. [PMID: 33076444 PMCID: PMC7602589 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an important antioxidant enzyme. APXs in maize are encoded by multiple genes and exist as isoenzymes. The evolutionary history and functional divergence of the maize APX gene family were analyzed through comparative genomic and experimental data on the Internet in this paper. APX genes in higher plants were divided into classes A, B, and C. Each type of APX gene in angiosperms only had one ancestral gene that was duplicated along with the genome duplication or local (or tandem) duplication of the angiosperm. A total of eight genes were retained in maize and named APXa1, APXa2, APXa3, APXb1, APXb2, APXc1.1, APXc1.2, and APXc2. The APX genes of class A were located in the chloroplasts or mitochondria, and the class B and C genes were localized in the peroxisomes and cytoplasm, respectively. The expression patterns of eight APXs were different in vegetative and reproductive organs at different growth and development stages. APXa1 and APXb1 of maize may participate in the antioxidant metabolism of vegetative organs under normal conditions. APXa2, APXb2, APXc1.1, and APXc1.2 may be involved in the stress response, and APXb2 and APXc2 may participate in the senescence response. These results provide a basis for cultivating high-yield and resistant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Qu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Yingwei Zhao
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.Q.); (Y.Z.)
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Killi D, Raschi A, Bussotti F. Lipid Peroxidation and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Photosystem II Performance during Drought and Heat Stress is Associated with the Antioxidant Capacities of C3 Sunflower and C4 Maize Varieties. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4846. [PMID: 32659889 PMCID: PMC7402356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural production is predicted to be adversely affected by an increase in drought and heatwaves. Drought and heat damage cellular membranes, such as the thylakoid membranes where photosystem II occurs (PSII). We investigated the chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) of PSII, photosynthetic pigments, membrane damage, and the activity of protective antioxidants in drought-tolerant and -sensitive varieties of C3 sunflower and C4 maize grown at 20/25 and 30/35 °C. Drought-tolerant varieties retained PSII electron transport at lower levels of water availability at both temperatures. Drought and heat stress, in combination and isolation, had a more pronounced effect on the ChlF of the C3 species. For phenotyping, the maximum fluorescence was the most effective ChlF measure in characterizing varietal variation in the response of both species to drought and heat. The drought-tolerant sunflower and maize showed lower lipid peroxidation under drought and heat stress. The greater retention of PSII function in the drought-tolerant sunflower and maize at higher temperatures was associated with an increase in the activities of antioxidants (glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase), whereas antioxidant activity declined in the drought-sensitive varieties. Antioxidant activity should play a key role in the development of drought- and heat-tolerant crops for future food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Killi
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), Piazalle della Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy;
| | - Antonio Raschi
- The National Research Council of Italy, Institute of BioEconomy (CNR–IBE), Via Giovanni Caproni 8, 50145 Florence, Italy;
| | - Filippo Bussotti
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences (DiSPAA), Piazalle della Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy;
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Kashif M, Paladhi A, Singh R, Bhattacharyya S, Hira SK, Manna PP. Leishmanicidal Activity of an In Silico-Screened Novel Inhibitor against Ascorbate Peroxidase of Leishmania donovani. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e01766-19. [PMID: 32366716 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01766-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxidases are a heterogeneous family of enzymes that have diverse biological functions. Ascorbate peroxidase is a redox enzyme that is reduced by trypanothione, which plays a central role in the redox defense system of Leishmania In view of developing new and novel therapeutics, we performed in silico studies in order to search for a ligand library and identify new drug candidates and their physiological roles against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania donovani Our results demonstrated that the selected inhibitor ZINC96021026 has significant antileishmanial effect and effectively killed both free and intracellular forms of the parasite. ZINC96021026 was found to be identical to ML-240, a selective inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP), or p97, a member of the AAA-ATPase protein family which was derived from the scaffold of N 2,N 4-dibenzylquinazoline-2,4-diamine (DBeQ), targeting the D2-ATPase domain of the enzyme. ZINC96021026 (ML-240) thus has a broad range of cellular functions, thought to be derived from its ability to unfold proteins or disassemble protein complexes, besides inhibiting the ascorbate peroxidase activity. ML-240 may inhibit the parasite's ascorbate peroxidase, leading to extensive apoptosis and inducing generation of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ML-240 could be an attractive therapeutic option for treatment against leishmaniasis.
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Maslennikov P, Golovina E, Artemenko A. Ecological and Geochemical Conditions for the Accumulation of Antioxidants in the Leaves of Lathyrus maritimus (L.) Bigel. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9060746. [PMID: 32545748 PMCID: PMC7356220 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The article explores how location affected the dynamics of accumulation of ascorbic acid (AC) and oxidized forms of AC—dehydroascorbic acid (DAA) and diketogulonic acid (DKGA) in beach pea during ontogenetic development. Our analysis focuses on research of the ecological and geochemical conditions growing of the plant on the Curonian Spit. The level of hydrogen peroxide and the activity of enzymes that break it down were analyzed. Antioxidant activity and the total concentration of phenolics were evaluated in the leaves of beach pea on the leeward and windward sides of the foredune. It was established that the level of AC, DAA, and DKGA was higher in the plants growing on the windward side of the foredune. A higher concentration of peroxy compounds, which stimulate the biosynthesis of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase), polyphenols, and other low molecular antioxidants (AOA) was observed in the leaves of these plants. The plants on the windward side enter phenological stages one or two weeks later than their counterparts on the leeward side of the foredune do. There was a generally negative correlation between the temperature of the soil and the accumulation of ascorbate system acids in the leaves of the studied plants (r = −0.46/(−0.68), p < 0.05). The accumulation of low molecular antioxidants and enzymes in beach pea suggests their adaptation to the adverse conditions of the windward side of the foredune.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Maslennikov
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Universitetskaya Str., 2, 236040 Kaliningrad, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(4012)-533707
| | - Elena Golovina
- Kaliningrad Institute of Economics, Karl Marx Str., 17, 236040 Kaliningrad, Russia;
| | - Anastasia Artemenko
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Universitetskaya Str., 2, 236040 Kaliningrad, Russia;
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Škodová-Sveráková I, Záhonová K, Bučková B, Füssy Z, Yurchenko V, Lukeš J. Catalase and Ascorbate Peroxidase in Euglenozoan Protists. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9040317. [PMID: 32344595 PMCID: PMC7237987 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we studied the biochemical properties and evolutionary histories of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), two central enzymes of reactive oxygen species detoxification, across the highly diverse clade Eugenozoa. This clade encompasses free-living phototrophic and heterotrophic flagellates, as well as obligate parasites of insects, vertebrates, and plants. We present evidence of several independent acquisitions of CAT by horizontal gene transfers and evolutionary novelties associated with the APX presence. We posit that Euglenozoa recruit these detoxifying enzymes for specific molecular tasks, such as photosynthesis in euglenids and membrane-bound peroxidase activity in kinetoplastids and some diplonemids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Škodová-Sveráková
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: (I.Š.-S.); (J.L.)
| | - Kristína Záhonová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Barbora Bučková
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Zoltán Füssy
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vyacheslav Yurchenko
- Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (I.Š.-S.); (J.L.)
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Dias MC, Pinto DCGA, Freitas H, Santos C, Silva AMS. The antioxidant system in Olea europaea to enhanced UV-B radiation also depends on flavonoids and secoiridoids. Phytochemistry 2020; 170:112199. [PMID: 31759269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean crop Olea europaea is often exposed to high UV-B irradiation conditions. To understand how this species modulates its enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system under high UV-B radiation, young O. europaea plants (cultivar "Galega Vulgar") were exposed, for five days, to UV-B radiation (6.5 kJ m-2 d-1 and 12.4 kJ m-2 d-1). Our data indicate that UV-doses slightly differ in the modulation of the antioxidant protective mechanisms. Particularly, superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPox) and catalase (CAT) activities increased contributing to H2O2 homeostasis, being more solicited by higher UV-B doses. Also, glutathione reductase (Gr) activity, ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) pools increased particularly under the highest dose, suggesting a higher mobilization of the antioxidant system in this dose. The leaf metabolites' profile of this cultivar was analysed by UHPLC-MS. Interestingly, high levels of verbascoside were found, followed by oleuropein and luteolin-7-O-glucoside. Both UV-B treatments affected mostly less abundant flavonoids (decreasing 4'-methoxy luteolin and 4' or 3'-methoxy luteolin glucoside) and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCAds, increasing β-hydroxyverbascoside). These changes show not only different mobilization with the UV-intensity, but also reinforce for the first time the protective roles of these minor compounds against UV-B, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and UV-B shields, in complement with other antioxidant systems (e.g. AsA/GSH cycle), particularly for high UV-B doses. Secoiridoids also standout in the response to both UV-B doses, with decreases of oleuropein and increases 2''-methoxyoleuropein. Being oleuropein an abundant compound, data suggest that secoiridoids play a more important role than flavonoids and HCAds, in O. europaea protection against UV-B, possibly by acting as signalling molecules and ROS scavengers. This is the first report on the influence of UV-B radiation on the secoiridoid oleuropein, and provides a novel insight to the role of this compound in the O. europaea antioxidant defence mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celeste Dias
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal; QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Freitas
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology & LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Lala S. Enhancement of secondary metabolites in Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell plants treated with copper-based nanoparticles in vivo. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:78-85. [PMID: 31935682 PMCID: PMC8675962 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to document the effect of starch-stabilised copper-based nanoparticles (CuNPs) on the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites, especially saponins, of the reputed nootropic herb Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell. CuNPs were synthesised chemically by the reduction of cupric sulphate pentahydrate with ascorbic acid using starch as the capping agent. They were characterised by UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential. The nanoparticles consisted of cuprous oxide and metallic copper, were approximately spherical, polydispersed with diameter <20 nm. Hydroponically grown B. monnieri plants were treated in vivo with the CuNPs between the concentrations of 0-100 mg l-1. Spectrophotometric estimation of the total contents of saponins, alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids and DPPH radical scavenging capacity from the methanolic extracts of the whole plants showed a hormetic increase in the content of secondary metabolites in a concentration-dependent manner from 5 mg l-1 until it declined at toxic metabolic concentration. This was accompanied by an increase in ROS markers hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde as well as a hormetic effect on activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and antioxidant enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. CuNPs at sub-toxic concentrations were found to enhance secondary metabolism and antioxidant capacity in Bacopa monnieri through ROS-mediated defence response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchaita Lala
- Department of Botany, Sarsuna College (University of Calcutta), 4/HB/A, Ho Chi Minh Sarani, Sarsuna Satellite Township, Kolkata-700061, India.
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Romero I, Domínguez I, Doménech-Carbó A, Gavara R, Escribano MI, Merodio C, Sanchez-Ballesta MT. Effect of high levels of CO 2 on the electrochemical behavior and the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in black and white table grapes stored at 0 °C. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:6859-6867. [PMID: 31385314 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we analyzed the effect of the application of high levels of CO2 (20 kPa CO2 + 20 kPa O2 + 60 kPa N2 ) for 3 days at low temperature on a white table-grape cultivar (Superior Seedless) in comparison with a black one (cv. Autumn Royal) in terms of quality parameters. We also used a solid-state voltammetry methodology to analyze the effect of the 3-day gaseous treatment in berry tissues from both cultivars in the first stage of storage. We determined the role of the non-enzymatic (total phenols, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity) and the enzymatic antioxidant (catalase (GCAT), ascorbate peroxidase (VcAPX) gene expression) systems in the behaviors of both cultivars. RESULTS Our results indicate that the application of a 3-day gaseous treatment was effective in maintaining the quality of black and white table grapes for up to 28 days of storage at 0 °C. The electrochemical methodology applied was useful for differentiating between skin and pulp samples, and between black and white table grape cultivars. Some molecular mechanisms were modulated in the skin of both cultivars to overcome oxidative stress, which was not manifested with the same intensity in grapes treated with CO2 for 3 days. However, some differences were observed in relation to the non-enzymatic system. CONCLUSION The 3-day gaseous treatment was useful to maintain black and white table grape quality at 0 °C. The voltammetry analysis indicated that CO2 -treated samples from the skin and pulp showed more similarity to freshly harvested ones. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Romero
- Institute of Food Science Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN - CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Domínguez
- Packaging Lab, IATA-CSIC Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Gavara
- Packaging Lab, IATA-CSIC Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Merodio
- Institute of Food Science Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN - CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Serna-Escolano V, Valverde JM, García-Pastor ME, Valero D, Castillo S, Guillén F, Martínez-Romero D, Zapata PJ, Serrano M. Pre-harvest methyl jasmonate treatments increase antioxidant systems in lemon fruit without affecting yield or other fruit quality parameters. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:5035-5043. [PMID: 30980534 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jasmonic acid (JA) and its volatile derivative methyl jasmonate (MeJA) are hormones involved in the regulation of many processes in plants and act (when applied as a post- or pre-harvest treatment) to increase fruit bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential. However, there is no literature available regarding the effect of pre-harvest MeJA treatment on lemon fruit antioxidant systems, which was the aim of the present study. RESULTS MeJA treatment (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mmol L-1 ) increased antioxidant compounds, such as phenolics, in the juice and flavedo of 'Fino' and 'Verna' lemons at harvest, with the most effective concentration being 0.1 mmol L-1 in both cultivars. In addition, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were also increased by MeJA treatment, with the highest increases being also found with 0.1 mmol L-1 . The increases in APX and CAT were maintained from one treatment to another during fruit development on the tree, whereas the increase on POD disappeared after 8-10 days of each treatment. For both antioxidant systems, the highest increases were found in lemon harvested at the commercial ripening stage. By contrast, crop yield, fruit ripening process and quality parameters were generally not affected by MeJA treatment. CONCLUSION Preharvest MeJA treatment could be a useful tool for increasing antioxidant potential and the health beneficial effects of lemon fruit consumption, given the relationship between these properties and phenolic content. Moreover, the increased concentration of phenolics and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the flavedo of MeJA treated fruit could increase lemon tolerance to chilling injury and decay during postharvest storage. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan M Valverde
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Valero
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Castillo
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fabián Guillén
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Pedro J Zapata
- Department of Food Technology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maria Serrano
- Department of Applied Biology, EPSO, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
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Huang MS, Lin WC, Chang JH, Cheng CH, Wang HY, Mou KY. The cysteine-free single mutant C32S of APEX2 is a highly expressed and active fusion tag for proximity labeling applications. Protein Sci 2019; 28:1703-1712. [PMID: 31306516 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
APEX2, an engineered ascorbate peroxidase for high activity, is a powerful tool for proximity labeling applications. Owing to its lack of disulfides and the calcium-independent activity, APEX2 can be applied intracellularly for targeted electron microscopy imaging or interactome mapping when fusing to a protein of interest. However, APEX2 fusion is often deleterious to the protein expression, which seriously hampers its wide utility. This problem is especially compelling when APEX2 is fused to structurally delicate proteins, such as multi-pass membrane proteins. In this study, we found that a cysteine-free single mutant C32S of APEX2 dramatically improved the expression of fusion proteins in mammalian cells without compromising the enzyme activity. We fused APEX2 and APEX2C32S to four multi-transmembrane solute carriers (SLCs), SLC1A5, SLC6A5, SLC6A14, and SLC7A1, and compared their expressions in stable HEK293T cell lines. Except the SLC6A5 fusions expressing at decent levels for both APEX2 (70%) and APEX2C32S (73%), other three SLC proteins showed significantly better expression when fusing to APEX2C32S (69 ± 13%) than APEX2 (29 ± 15%). Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed correct plasma membrane localization and strong proximity labeling efficiency in all four SLC-APEX2C32S cells. Enzyme kinetic experiments revealed that APEX2 and APEX2C32S have comparable activities in terms of oxidizing guaiacol. Overall, we believe APEX2C32S is a superior fusion tag to APEX2 for proximity labeling applications, especially when mismatched disulfide bonding or poor expression is a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Sen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han Ying Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kurt Yun Mou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Gupta S, Dong Y, Dijkwel PP, Mueller-Roeber B, Gechev TS. Genome-Wide Analysis of ROS Antioxidant Genes in Resurrection Species Suggest an Involvement of Distinct ROS Detoxification Systems during Desiccation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3101. [PMID: 31242611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress is one of the major threats to plant crop yield and productivity. When plants are exposed to stress, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases, which could lead to extensive cellular damage and hence crop loss. During evolution, plants have acquired antioxidant defense systems which can not only detoxify ROS but also adjust ROS levels required for proper cell signaling. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are crucial enzymes involved in ROS detoxification. In this study, 40 putative APX, 28 GPX, 16 CAT, and 41 SOD genes were identified from genomes of the resurrection species Boea hygrometrica, Selaginella lepidophylla, Xerophyta viscosa, and Oropetium thomaeum, and the mesophile Selaginellamoellendorffii. Phylogenetic analyses classified the APX, GPX, and SOD proteins into five clades each, and CAT proteins into three clades. Using co-expression network analysis, various regulatory modules were discovered, mainly involving glutathione, that likely work together to maintain ROS homeostasis upon desiccation stress in resurrection species. These regulatory modules also support the existence of species-specific ROS detoxification systems. The results suggest molecular pathways that regulate ROS in resurrection species and the role of APX, GPX, CAT and SOD genes in resurrection species during stress.
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Sousa RHV, Carvalho FEL, Lima-Melo Y, Alencar VTCB, Daloso DM, Margis-Pinheiro M, Komatsu S, Silveira JAG. Impairment of peroxisomal APX and CAT activities increases protection of photosynthesis under oxidative stress. J Exp Bot 2019; 70:627-639. [PMID: 30312463 PMCID: PMC6322566 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde signalling pathways that are triggered by changes in cellular redox homeostasis remain poorly understood. Transformed rice plants that are deficient in peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase APX4 (OsAPX4-RNAi) are known to exhibit more effective protection of photosynthesis against oxidative stress than controls when catalase (CAT) is inhibited, but the mechanisms involved have not been characterized. An in-depth physiological and proteomics analysis was therefore performed on OsAPX4-RNAi CAT-inhibited rice plants. Loss of APX4 function led to an increased abundance of several proteins that are involved in essential metabolic pathways, possibly as a result of increased tissue H2O2 levels. Higher photosynthetic activities observed in the OsAPX4-RNAi plants under CAT inhibition were accompanied by higher levels of Rubisco, higher maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation, and increased photochemical efficiencies, together with large increases in photosynthesis-related proteins. Large increases were also observed in the levels of proteins involved in the ascorbate/glutathione cycle and in other antioxidant-related pathways, and these changes may be important in the protection of photosynthesis in the OsAPX4-RNAi plants. Large increases in the abundance of proteins localized in the nuclei and mitochondria were also observed, together with increased levels of proteins involved in important cellular pathways, particularly protein translation. Taken together, the results show that OsAPX4-RNAi plants exhibit significant metabolic reprogramming, which incorporates a more effective antioxidant response to protect photosynthesis under conditions of impaired CAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H V Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Fabricio E L Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Yugo Lima-Melo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vicente T C B Alencar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Danilo M Daloso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Joaquim A G Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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