1
|
Considine MJ, Foyer CH. Redox regulation of meristem quiescence: Outside/ in. J Exp Bot 2024:erae161. [PMID: 38676562 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Quiescence is an essential property of meristematic cells, which restrains the cell cycle while retaining the capacity to divide. This crucial process not only facilitates life-long tissue homeostasis and regenerative capacity but also provides protection against adverse environmental conditions, enabling cells to conserve the proliferative potency while minimising DNA damage. As a survival attribute, quiescence is inherently regulated by the products of aerobic life, in particular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the redox (reduction/ oxidation) mechanisms that plant have evolved to channel these into pervasive signals. Adaptive responses allow quiescent cells to compensate for reduced oxygen tension (hypoxia) in a reversible manner, while the regulated production of the superoxide anion (.O2-) facilitates cell division and the maintenance of stem cells. Here we discuss the role of ROS and redox reactions in the control of the quiescent state in plant meristems, and how this process is integrated with cellular energy and hormone biochemistry. We consider the pathways that sense and transmit redox signals with a focus on the central significance of redox regulation in the mitochondria and nucleus, which is a major regulator of quiescence in meristems. We discuss recent studies that suggest ROS are a critical component of the feedback loops that control stem cell identity and fate and suggest that the ROS/hypoxia interface is an important "outside/ in" positional cue for plant cells, particularly in meristems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and the School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peláez-Vico MÁ, Fichman Y, Zandalinas SI, Foyer CH, Mittler R. ROS are universal cell-to-cell stress signals. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2024; 79:102540. [PMID: 38643747 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the redox state of cells is deeply rooted in the biology of almost all organisms, regulating development, growth, and responses to the environment. Recent studies revealed that the ROS levels and redox state of one cell can be transmitted, as an information 'state' or 'currency', to other cells and spread by cell-to-cell communication within an entire community of cells or an organism. Here, we discuss the different pathways that mediate cell-to-cell signaling in plants, their hierarchy, and the different mechanisms that transmit ROS/redox signaling between different cells. We further hypothesize that ROS/redox signaling between different organisms could play a key role within the 'one world' principle, impacting human health and our future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 Rollins St., University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yosef Fichman
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I. Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana 12071, Spain
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 Rollins St., University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, 1201 Rollins St., University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Samant SB, Yadav N, Swain J, Joseph J, Kumari A, Praveen A, Sahoo RK, Manjunatha G, Seth CS, Singla-Pareek SL, Foyer CH, Pareek A, Gupta KJ. Nitric oxide, energy and redox-dependent responses to hypoxia. J Exp Bot 2024:erae139. [PMID: 38557811 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia occurs when the oxygen levels fall below the levels required for mitochondria to support respiration. Regulated hypoxia is associated with quiescence, particularly in storage organs (seeds) and stem cell niches. In contrast, environmentally-induced hypoxia poses significant challenges for metabolically-active cells that are adapted to aerobic respiration. The perception of oxygen availability through cysteine oxidases, which function as oxygen-sensing enzymes in plants that control the N-degron pathway, and the regulation of hypoxia-responsive genes and processes is essential to survival. Functioning together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydrogen peroxide and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitric oxide (•NO), nitrogen dioxide (•NO2), S-nitrosothiols (SNOs), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), hypoxia signaling pathways trigger anatomical adaptations such as formation of aerenchyma, mobilization of sugar reserves for anaerobic germination, formation of aerial adventitious roots and hyponastic response. NO and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) participate in local and systemic signaling pathways that facilitate acclimation to changing energetic requirements, controlling glycolytic fermentation, the GABA shunt and amino acid synthesis. NO enhances antioxidant capacity and contributes to the recycling of redox equivalents energy metabolism through the phytoglobin (Pgb)-NO cycle. Here, we summarize current knowledge, highlighting the central role of NO and redox regulation in adaptive responses that prevent hypoxia-induced death in challenging conditions such as flooding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Bal Samant
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nidhi Yadav
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jagannath Swain
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Josepheena Joseph
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Aprajita Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Afsana Praveen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | | | | | - Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu S, Hu C, Zhu C, Fan Y, Zhou J, Xia X, Shi K, Zhou Y, Foyer CH, Yu J. The MYC2-PUB22-JAZ4 module plays a crucial role in jasmonate signaling in tomato. Mol Plant 2024; 17:598-613. [PMID: 38341757 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs), a class of lipid-derived stress hormones, play a crucial role across an array of plant physiological processes and stress responses. Although JA signaling is thought to rely predominantly on the degradation of specific JAZ proteins by SCFCOI1, it remains unclear whether other pathways are involved in the regulation of JAZ protein stability. Here, we report that PUB22, a plant U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a critical role in the regulation of plant resistance against Helicoverpa armigera and other JA responses in tomato. Whereas COI1 physically interacts with JAZ1/2/5/7, PUB22 physically interacts with JAZ1/3/4/6. PUB22 ubiquitinates JAZ4 to promote its degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway. Importantly, we observed that pub22 mutants showreduced resistance to H. armigera, whereas jaz4 single mutants and jaz1 jaz3 jaz4 jaz6 quadruple mutants have enhanced resistance. The hypersensitivity of pub22 mutants to herbivores could be partially rescued by JAZ4 mutation. Moreover, we found that expression of PUB22 can be transcriptionally activated by MYC2, thus forming a positive feedback circuit in JA signaling. We noticed that the PUB22-JAZ4 module also regulates other JA responses, including defense against B. cinerea, inhibition of root elongation, and anthocyanin accumulation. Taken together, these results indicate that PUB22 plays a crucial role in plant growth and defense responses, together with COI1-regulated JA signaling, by targeting specific JAZs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofang Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaoyi Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanfen Fan
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojia Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh J, James D, Das S, Patel MK, Sutar RR, Achary VMM, Goel N, Gupta KJ, Reddy MK, Jha G, Sonti RV, Foyer CH, Thakur JK, Tripathy BC. Co-overexpression of SWEET sucrose transporters modulates sucrose synthesis and defence responses to enhance immunity against bacterial blight in rice. Plant Cell Environ 2024. [PMID: 38533652 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing carbohydrate export from source to sink tissues is considered to be a realistic approach for improving photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield. The rice sucrose transporters OsSUT1, OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 contribute to sucrose phloem loading and seed filling. Crucially, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection in rice enhances the expression of OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 genes, and causes leaf blight. Here we show that co-overexpression of OsSUT1, OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 in rice reduced sucrose synthesis and transport leading to lower growth and yield but reduced susceptibility to Xoo relative to controls. The immunity-related hypersensitive response (HR) was enhanced in the transformed lines as indicated by the increased expression of defence genes, higher salicylic acid content and presence of HR lesions on the leaves. The results suggest that the increased expression of OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 in rice is perceived as a pathogen (Xoo) attack that triggers HR and results in constitutive activation of plant defences that are related to the signalling pathways of pathogen starvation. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for the trade-off between plant growth and immunity because decreased susceptibility against Xoo compromised plant growth and yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Donald James
- Forest Biotechnology Department, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Shubhashis Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar Patel
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | | | | | - Naveen Goel
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Malireddy K Reddy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh V Sonti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Baishnab C Tripathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karpinska B, Foyer CH. Superoxide signalling and antioxidant processing in the plant nucleus. J Exp Bot 2024:erae090. [PMID: 38460122 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The superoxide anion radical (O2•-) is a one-electron reduction product of molecular oxygen. Compared to other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide has limited reactivity. Nevertheless, superoxide reacts with nitic oxide, ascorbate and the iron moieties of [Fe-S] cluster-containing proteins. Superoxide has largely been neglected as a signalling molecule in the plant literature in favour of the most stable ROS form, hydrogen peroxide. However, superoxide can accumulate in plant cells, particularly in meristems, where superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbate accumulation are limited (or absent), or when superoxide is generated within the lipid environment of membranes. Moreover, oxidation of the nucleus in response to environmental stresses is a widespread phenomenon. Superoxide is generated in many intracellular including mitochondria, chloroplasts and on the apoplastic/cell wall face of the plasma membrane. However, nuclear superoxide production and functions remain poorly documented in plants. Accumulating evidence suggests that the nuclear pools of antioxidants such as glutathione are discrete and separate from the cytosolic pools, allowing compartment-specific signalling in the nucleus. We consider the potential mechanisms of superoxide generation and targets in the nucleus, together with the importance of antioxidant processing in regulating superoxide signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Foyer CH, Kunert K. The ascorbate/glutathione cycle coming of age. J Exp Bot 2024:erae023. [PMID: 38243395 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Concepts, regarding the operation of the ascorbate/glutathione cycle and the associated water/water cycle in the processing of metabolically-generated hydrogen peroxide and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS), are well established in the literature. However, our knowledge of functions of these cycles and their component enzymes continues to grow and evolve. Recent insights include participation in the intrinsic environmental and developmental signaling pathways that regulate plant growth, development and defense. In addition to ROS processing, the enzymes of the two cycles not only support the functions of ascorbate and glutathione, they also have "moonlighting" functions. They are subject to post-translational modifications and have an extensive interactome, particularly with other signaling proteins. In this assessment of current knowledge, we highlight the central position of the ascorbate/glutathione cycle in the network of cellular redox systems that underpin the energy-sensitive communication within the different cellular compartments and integrate plant signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Kunert
- Department of Plant Sciences, FABI, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 2001, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Benitez-Alfonso Y, Soanes BK, Zimba S, Sinanaj B, German L, Sharma V, Bohra A, Kolesnikova A, Dunn JA, Martin AC, Khashi U Rahman M, Saati-Santamaría Z, García-Fraile P, Ferreira EA, Frazão LA, Cowling WA, Siddique KHM, Pandey MK, Farooq M, Varshney RK, Chapman MA, Boesch C, Daszkowska-Golec A, Foyer CH. Enhancing climate change resilience in agricultural crops. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R1246-R1261. [PMID: 38052178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change threatens global food and nutritional security through negative effects on crop growth and agricultural productivity. Many countries have adopted ambitious climate change mitigation and adaptation targets that will exacerbate the problem, as they require significant changes in current agri-food systems. In this review, we provide a roadmap for improved crop production that encompasses the effective transfer of current knowledge into plant breeding and crop management strategies that will underpin sustainable agriculture intensification and climate resilience. We identify the main problem areas and highlight outstanding questions and potential solutions that can be applied to mitigate the impacts of climate change on crop growth and productivity. Although translation of scientific advances into crop production lags far behind current scientific knowledge and technology, we consider that a holistic approach, combining disciplines in collaborative efforts, can drive better connections between research, policy, and the needs of society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth K Soanes
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sibongile Zimba
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Horticulture Department, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Besiana Sinanaj
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Liam German
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Vinay Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Anastasia Kolesnikova
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jessica A Dunn
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Institute for Sustainable Food, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Azahara C Martin
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba 14004, Spain
| | - Muhammad Khashi U Rahman
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain
| | - Zaki Saati-Santamaría
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paula García-Fraile
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain
| | - Evander A Ferreira
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitária 1000, 39404547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leidivan A Frazão
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitária 1000, 39404547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wallace A Cowling
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Mark A Chapman
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lokya V, Parmar S, Pandey AK, Sudini HK, Huai D, Ozias-Akins P, Foyer CH, Nwosu CV, Karpinska B, Baker A, Xu P, Liao B, Mir RR, Chen X, Guo B, Nguyen HT, Kumar R, Bera SK, Singam P, Kumar A, Varshney RK, Pandey MK. Prospects for developing allergen-depleted food crops. Plant Genome 2023; 16:e20375. [PMID: 37641460 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the challenge of meeting global demand for food production, there are increasing concerns about food safety and the need to protect consumer health from the negative effects of foodborne allergies. Certain bio-molecules (usually proteins) present in food can act as allergens that trigger unusual immunological reactions, with potentially life-threatening consequences. The relentless working lifestyles of the modern era often incorporate poor eating habits that include readymade prepackaged and processed foods, which contain additives such as peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, and soy-based products, rather than traditional home cooking. Of the predominant allergenic foods (soybean, wheat, fish, peanut, shellfish, tree nuts, eggs, and milk), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) are the best characterized source of allergens, followed by tree nuts (Juglans regia, Prunus amygdalus, Corylus avellana, Carya illinoinensis, Anacardium occidentale, Pistacia vera, Bertholletia excels), wheat (Triticum aestivum), soybeans (Glycine max), and kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The prevalence of food allergies has risen significantly in recent years including chance of accidental exposure to such foods. In contrast, the standards of detection, diagnosis, and cure have not kept pace and unfortunately are often suboptimal. In this review, we mainly focus on the prevalence of allergies associated with peanut, tree nuts, wheat, soybean, and kidney bean, highlighting their physiological properties and functions as well as considering research directions for tailoring allergen gene expression. In particular, we discuss how recent advances in molecular breeding, genetic engineering, and genome editing can be used to develop potential low allergen food crops that protect consumer health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadthya Lokya
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sejal Parmar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Arun K Pandey
- College of Life Science of China Jiliang University (CJLU), Hangzhou, China
| | - Hari K Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dongxin Huai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Peggy Ozias-Akins
- Horticulture Department, The University of Georgia Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | | | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Pei Xu
- College of Life Science of China Jiliang University (CJLU), Hangzhou, China
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, India
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baozhu Guo
- USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Gulbarga, India
| | | | - Prashant Singam
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anirudh Kumar
- Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Crop Research Innovation Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Foyer CH, Kranner I. Plant adaptation to climate change. Biochem J 2023; 480:1865-1869. [PMID: 37994913 PMCID: PMC10754325 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants are vital to human health and well-being, as well as helping to protect the environment against the negative impacts of climate change. They are an essential part of the 'One Health' strategy that seeks to balance and optimize the health of people, animals and the environment. Crucially, plants are central to nature-based solutions to climate mitigation, not least because soil carbon storage is an attractive strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and the associated climate change. Agriculture depends on genetically pure, high-quality seeds that are free from pests and pathogens and contain a required degree of genetic purity. This themed collection addresses key questions in the field encompassing the biochemical mechanisms that underlie plant responses and adaptations to a changing climate. This collection encompasses an analysis of the biochemistry and molecular mechanisms underpinning crop and forest resilience, together with considerations of plant adaptations to climate change-associated stresses, including drought, floods and heatwaves, and the increased threats posed by pathogens and pests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Ilse Kranner
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schulz K, Machaj G, Knox P, Hancock RD, Verrall SR, Korpinen R, Saranpää P, Kärkönen A, Karpinska B, Foyer CH. Restraining Quiescence Release-Related Ageing in Plant Cells: A Case Study in Carrot. Cells 2023; 12:2465. [PMID: 37887309 PMCID: PMC10605352 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The blackening of cut carrots causes substantial economic losses to the food industry. Blackening was not observed in carrots that had been stored underground for less than a year, but the susceptibility to blackening increased with the age of the carrots that were stored underground for longer periods. Samples of black, border, and orange tissues from processed carrot batons and slices, prepared under industry standard conditions, were analyzed to identify the molecular and metabolic mechanisms underpinning processing-induced blackening. The black tissues showed substantial molecular and metabolic rewiring and large changes in the cell wall structure, with a decreased abundance of xyloglucan, pectins (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan-I, galactan and arabinan), and higher levels of lignin and other phenolic compounds when compared to orange tissues. Metabolite profiling analysis showed that there was a major shift from primary to secondary metabolism in the black tissues, which were depleted in sugars, amino acids, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates but were rich in phenolic compounds. These findings suggest that processing triggers a release from quiescence. Transcripts encoding proteins associated with secondary metabolism were less abundant in the black tissues, but there were no increases in transcripts associated with oxidative stress responses, programmed cell death, or senescence. We conclude that restraining quiescence release alters cell wall metabolism and composition, particularly regarding pectin composition, in a manner that increases susceptibility to blackening upon processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Schulz
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Gabriela Machaj
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (K.S.); (P.K.)
| | - Robert D. Hancock
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;
| | - Susan R. Verrall
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 1BE, UK;
| | - Risto Korpinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; (R.K.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Pekka Saranpää
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; (R.K.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Kärkönen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; (R.K.); (P.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun M, Wei S, Liu J, Wang L, Zhang Y, Hu L, Piao J, Liang Z, Jiang H, Xin D, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Foyer CH, Liu C, Qi Z. The impact of GmTSA and GmALS on soybean salt tolerance: uncovering the molecular landscape of amino acid and secondary metabolism pathways. Theor Appl Genet 2023; 136:212. [PMID: 37740151 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE GmTSA and GmALS were screened out for salt stress in soybean and explore the poteintial amino acid secondary metabolism pathways. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an oil and protein crop of global importance, and salinity has significant effects on soybean growth. Here, a population of soybean chromosome segment substitution lines was screened to identify highly salt-tolerant lines. In total, 24 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on seven chromosomes were associated with salt tolerance, and CSSL_R71 was selected for further analysis. Although numerous genes were differentially expressed in CSSL_R71 in response to salt statically no differently, transcript levels of classical salt-response genes, including those of the salt overly sensitive pathway. Rather, salt tolerance in CSSL_R71 was associated with changes in amino acid and lipid metabolism. In particular, changes in p-coumaric acid, shikimic acid, and pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid levels accompanied salt tolerance in CSSL_R71. Eleven differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to amino acid and secondary metabolism were identified as candidate genes on the substituted chromosome fragment. Six of these showed differences in coding sequence between the parental genotypes. Crucially, overexpression of GmTSA (Glyma.03G158400, tryptophan synthase) significantly enhanced salt tolerance in soybean hairy roots, whereas overexpression of GmALS (Glyma.13G241000, acetolactate synthase) decreased salt tolerance. Two KASP markers were developed for GmALS and used to genotype salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive lines in the CSSL population. Non-synonymous mutations were directly associated with salt tolerance. Taken together, these data provide evidence that changes in amino acid and secondary metabolism have the potential to confer salt tolerance in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Sun
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Wei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Institute of Rural Revitalization Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Hu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxi Piao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Liang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Soybean Research Institute, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Dawei Xin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoming Qi
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Palma JM, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Foyer CH, Corpas FJ. Editorial: Subcellular compartmentalization of plant antioxidants and ROS generating systems, volume II. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1224289. [PMID: 37534285 PMCID: PMC10393032 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1224289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Palma
- Dpt. Stress, Development and Signalling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Dpt. Stress, Development and Signalling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Dpt. Stress, Development and Signalling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taylor RE, Waterworth W, West CE, Foyer CH. WHIRLY proteins maintain seed longevity by effects on seed oxygen signalling during imbibition. Biochem J 2023; 480:941-956. [PMID: 37351567 PMCID: PMC10422932 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The WHIRLY (WHY) family of DNA/RNA binding proteins fulfil multiple but poorly characterised functions in plants. We analysed WHY protein functions in the Arabidopsis Atwhy1, Atwhy3, Atwhy1why3 single and double mutants and wild type controls. The Atwhy3 and Atwhy1why3 double mutants showed a significant delay in flowering, having more siliques per plant but with fewer seeds per silique than the wild type. While germination was similar in the unaged high-quality seeds of all lines, significant decreases in vigour and viability were observed in the aged mutant seeds compared with the wild type. Imbibition of unaged high-quality seeds was characterised by large increases in transcripts that encode proteins involved in oxygen sensing and responses to hypoxia. Seed aging resulted in a disruption of the imbibition-induced transcriptome profile such that transcripts encoding RNA metabolism and processing became the most abundant components of the imbibition signature. The imbibition-related profile of the Atwhy1why3 mutant seeds, was characterised by decreased expression of hypoxia-related and oxygen metabolism genes even in the absence of aging. Seed aging further decreased the abundance of hypoxia-related and oxygen metabolism transcripts relative to the wild type. These findings suggest that the WHY1 and WHY3 proteins regulate the imbibition-induced responses to oxygen availability and hypoxia. Loss of WHY1 and WHY3 functions decreases the ability of Arabidopsis seeds to resist the adverse effects of seed aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Taylor
- The Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Wanda Waterworth
- The Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Christopher E West
- The Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Velappan Y, de Simone A, Signorelli S, Considine JA, Foyer CH, Considine MJ. Hydrogen Cyanamide Causes Reversible G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest Accompanied by Oxidation of the Nucleus and Cytosol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1330. [PMID: 37507870 PMCID: PMC10376265 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen cyanamide (HC) has been widely used in horticulture to trigger bud burst following dormancy. Its use has been banned in some countries due to human health concerns, however the search for effective safe alternatives is delayed by lack of knowledge of the mechanism of HC action. Earlier studies demonstrate that HC stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alters the rate of cell division. However, the relationships between HC effects on ROS, redox (reduction/oxidation) homeostasis and cell division are unknown. This study used Arabidopsis thaliana ((L.) Heynh.) seedlings expressing the redox reporter roGFP2 to measure the oxidation states of the nuclei and cytosol in response to HC treatment. The Cytrap dual cell cycle phase marker system and flow cytometry were used to study associated changes in cell proliferation. HC (1.5 mM) reversibly inhibited root growth during a 24 h treatment. Higher concentrations were not reversible. HC did not synchronise the cell cycle, in contrast to hydroxyurea. Rather, HC caused a gradual accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase and decline of G1/S phase cells, 16 to 24 h post-treatment. This was accompanied by increased oxidation of both the nuclei and cytosol. Taken together, these findings show that HC impairs proliferation of embryonic root meristem cells in a reversible manner through restriction of G2/M transition accompanied by increased cellular oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazhini Velappan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ambra de Simone
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Food and Plant Biology Group, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Sayago CP 12900, Uruguay
| | - John A Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Michael J Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Horticulture and Irrigated Agriculture, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Romero-Puertas MC, Lüthje S, Zabalza A, de Gara L, Foyer CH. Editorial: Women in plant science - redox biology of plant abiotic stress 2022. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1236150. [PMID: 37426964 PMCID: PMC10325672 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1236150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María C. Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Experimental Station of Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Sabine Lüthje
- Biodiversity of Crop Plants, Universität Hamburg, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Oxidative Stress and Plant Proteomics Group, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ana Zabalza
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura de Gara
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and Human Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- Department of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Considine MJ, Foyer CH. Metabolic regulation of quiescence in plants. Plant J 2023; 114:1132-1148. [PMID: 36994639 PMCID: PMC10952390 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Quiescence is a crucial survival attribute in which cell division is repressed in a reversible manner. Although quiescence has long been viewed as an inactive state, recent studies have shown that it is an actively monitored process that is influenced by environmental stimuli. Here, we provide a perspective of the quiescent state and discuss how this process is tuned by energy, nutrient and oxygen status, and the pathways that sense and transmit these signals. We not only highlight the governance of canonical regulators and signalling mechanisms that respond to changes in nutrient and energy status, but also consider the central significance of mitochondrial functions and cues as key regulators of nuclear gene expression. Furthermore, we discuss how reactive oxygen species and the associated redox processes, which are intrinsically linked to energy carbohydrate metabolism, also play a key role in the orchestration of quiescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and the School of Molecular SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern Australia6009Australia
- The Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentPerthWestern Australia6000Australia
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTUK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ravi B, Foyer CH, Pandey GK. The integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium signalling in abiotic stress responses. Plant Cell Environ 2023. [PMID: 37132157 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium (Ca2+ ) signalling are interconnected in the perception and transmission of environmental signals that control plant growth, development and defence. The concept that systemically propagating Ca2+ and ROS waves function together with electric signals in directional cell-to-cell systemic signalling and even plant-to-plant communication, is now firmly imbedded in the literature. However, relatively few mechanistic details are available regarding the management of ROS and Ca2+ signals at the molecular level, or how synchronous and independent signalling might be achieved in different cellular compartments. This review discusses the proteins that may serve as nodes or connecting bridges between the different pathways during abiotic stress responses, highlighting the crosstalk between ROS and Ca2+ pathways in cell signalling. We consider putative molecular switches that connect these signalling pathways and the molecular machinery that achieves the synergistic operation of ROS and Ca2+ signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barkha Ravi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McGuire R, Huws SA, Foyer CH, Forster P, Welham M, Spadavecchia L, Curry D, Scollan ND. Agrifood and net zero. Trends Plant Sci 2023; 28:495-497. [PMID: 36935267 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We consider the science, policy, and implementation (science-policy-society interface) issues around the agrifood system and the UK's transition to net zero. We conclude that agrifood policy should become more targeted, and the marriage of top-down and bottom-up approaches is key to co-create a pathway that is plausible for each stakeholder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan McGuire
- Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK.
| | - Sharon A Huws
- Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | | | | | - Melanie Welham
- UK Research and Innovation Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Polaris House, Swindon SN2 1FL, UK
| | - Luke Spadavecchia
- Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Seacole Building, 2 Marsham Street, London SW1P 4DF, UK
| | | | - Nigel D Scollan
- Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dong H, Wang J, Song X, Hu C, Zhu C, Sun T, Zhou Z, Hu Z, Xia X, Zhou J, Shi K, Zhou Y, Foyer CH, Yu J. HY5 functions as a systemic signal by integrating BRC1-dependent hormone signaling in tomato bud outgrowth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301879120. [PMID: 37036969 PMCID: PMC10120035 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301879120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Light plays an important role in determining plant architecture, which greatly influences crop yield. However, the precise mechanisms by which light signaling regulates bud outgrowth remain to be identified. Here, we show that light regulates bud outgrowth via both HY5 and brassinosteroid (BR)-dependent pathways in tomato. Inactivation of the red-light photoreceptor PHYB, or deficiencies in PHYB or the blue-light photoreceptor CRY1a, inhibits bud outgrowth and leads to decreased accumulation of HY5 protein and increased transcript level of BRANCHED1 (BRC1), a central integrator of branching signals. HY5, functioning as a mobile systemic signal from leaves, promotes bud outgrowth by directly suppressing BRC1 transcript and activating the transcript of BR biosynthesis genes within the lateral buds in tomato. Furthermore, BRC1 prevents the accumulation of cytokinin (CK) and gibberellin (GA) by directly inhibiting the transcript of CK synthesis gene LOG4, while increasing the transcript levels of CK and GA degradation genes (CKX7, GA2ox4, and GA2ox5), leading to an arrest of bud outgrowth. Moreover, bud outgrowth occurs predominantly in the day due to the suppression of BRC1 transcript by HY5. These findings demonstrate that light-inducible HY5 acts as a systemic signaling factor in fine-tuning the bud outgrowth of tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Dong
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiachun Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuewei Song
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaoyi Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijinggang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baker A, Lin CC, Lett C, Karpinska B, Wright MH, Foyer CH. Catalase: A critical node in the regulation of cell fate. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:56-66. [PMID: 36775107 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Catalase (CAT) is an extensively studied if somewhat enigmatic enzyme that is at the heart of eukaryotic antioxidant systems with a canonical role in peroxisomal function. The CAT family of proteins exert control over a wide range of plant growth and defence processes. CAT proteins are subject to many types of post-translational modification (PTM), which modify activity, ligand binding, stability, compartmentation and function. The CAT interactome involves many cytosolic and nuclear proteins that appear to be essential for protein functions. Hence, the CAT network of roles extends far beyond those associated with peroxisomal metabolism. Some pathogen effector proteins are able to redirect CAT to the nucleus and recent evidence indicates CAT can traffic to the nucleus in the absence of exogenous proteins. While the mechanisms that target CAT to the nucleus are not understood, CAT activity in the cytosol and nucleus is promoted by interactions with nucleoredoxin. Here we discuss recent findings that have been pivotal in generating a step change in our understanding of CAT functions in plant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Chi-Chuan Lin
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Casey Lett
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Megan H Wright
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christine H Foyer
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ding S, Lv J, Hu Z, Wang J, Wang P, Yu J, Foyer CH, Shi K. Phytosulfokine peptide optimizes plant growth and defense via glutamine synthetase GS2 phosphorylation in tomato. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111858. [PMID: 36562188 PMCID: PMC10015362 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a plant pentapeptide hormone that fulfills a wide range of functions. Although PSK has frequently been reported to function in the inverse regulation of growth and defense in response to (hemi)biotrophic pathogens, the mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Using the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 pathogen system, we present compelling evidence that the PSK receptor PSKR1 interacts with the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28, which in turn phosphorylates the key enzyme of nitrogen assimilation glutamine synthetase GS2 at two sites (Serine-334 and Serine-360). GS2 phosphorylation at S334 specifically regulates plant defense, whereas S360 regulates growth, uncoupling the PSK-induced effects on defense responses and growth regulation. The discovery of these sites will inform breeding strategies designed to optimize the growth-defense balance in a compatible manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Ding
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianrong Lv
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityZhejiang UniversitySanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityZhejiang UniversitySanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Environmental stresses pose a significant threat to food security. Understanding the function of proteins that regulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses is therefore pivotal in developing strategies for crop improvement. The WHIRLY (WHY) family of DNA-binding proteins are important in this regard because they fulfil a portfolio of important functions in organelles and nuclei. The WHY1 and WHY2 proteins function as transcription factors in the nucleus regulating phytohormone synthesis and associated growth and stress responses, as well as fulfilling crucial roles in DNA and RNA metabolism in plastids and mitochondria. WHY1, WHY2 (and WHY3 proteins in Arabidopsis) maintain organelle genome stability and serve as auxiliary factors for homologous recombination and double-strand break repair. Our understanding of WHY protein functions has greatly increased in recent years, as has our knowledge of the flexibility of their localization and overlap of functions but there is no review of the topic in the literature. Our aim in this review was therefore to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic, discussing WHY protein functions in nuclei and organelles and highlighting roles in plant development and stress responses. In particular, we consider areas of uncertainty such as the flexible localization of WHY proteins in terms of retrograde signalling connecting mitochondria, plastids, and the nucleus. Moreover, we identify WHY proteins as important targets in plant breeding programmes designed to increase stress tolerance and the sustainability of crop yield in a changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Taylor
- Faculty of Biological SciencesThe Centre for Plant SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Christopher E. West
- Faculty of Biological SciencesThe Centre for Plant SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of BiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huertas R, Karpinska B, Ngala S, Mkandawire B, Maling'a J, Wajenkeche E, Kimani PM, Boesch C, Stewart D, Hancock RD, Foyer CH. Biofortification of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with iron and zinc: Achievements and challenges. Food Energy Secur 2023; 12:e406. [PMID: 38440694 PMCID: PMC10909572 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies (hidden hunger), particularly in iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), remain one of the most serious public health challenges, affecting more than three billion people globally. A number of strategies are used to ameliorate the problem of micronutrient deficiencies and to improve the nutritional profile of food products. These include (i) dietary diversification, (ii) industrial food fortification and supplements, (iii) agronomic approaches including soil mineral fertilisation, bioinoculants and crop rotations, and (iv) biofortification through the implementation of biotechnology including gene editing and plant breeding. These efforts must consider the dietary patterns and culinary preferences of the consumer and stakeholder acceptance of new biofortified varieties. Deficiencies in Zn and Fe are often linked to the poor nutritional status of agricultural soils, resulting in low amounts and/or poor availability of these nutrients in staple food crops such as common bean. This review describes the genes and processes associated with Fe and Zn accumulation in common bean, a significant food source in Africa that plays an important role in nutritional security. We discuss the conventional plant breeding, transgenic and gene editing approaches that are being deployed to improve Fe and Zn accumulation in beans. We also consider the requirements of successful bean biofortification programmes, highlighting gaps in current knowledge, possible solutions and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Huertas
- Environmental and Biochemical SciencesThe James Hutton InstituteDundeeUK
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonUK
| | - Sophia Ngala
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary SciencesUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Bertha Mkandawire
- The Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network (FANRPAN)PretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Joyce Maling'a
- Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)Food Crops Research InstituteKitaleKenya
| | - Elizabeth Wajenkeche
- Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)Food Crops Research InstituteKitaleKenya
| | - Paul M. Kimani
- Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary SciencesUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | | | - Derek Stewart
- Environmental and Biochemical SciencesThe James Hutton InstituteDundeeUK
- School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghUK
| | | | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonUK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Singh J, Das S, Jagadis Gupta K, Ranjan A, Foyer CH, Thakur JK. Physiological implications of SWEETs in plants and their potential applications in improving source-sink relationships for enhanced yield. Plant Biotechnol J 2022. [PMID: 36529911 PMCID: PMC10363763 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET) family of transporters in plants is identified as a novel class of sugar carriers capable of transporting sugars, sugar alcohols and hormones. Functioning in intercellular sugar transport, SWEETs influence a wide range of physiologically important processes. SWEETs regulate the development of sink organs by providing nutritional support from source leaves, responses to abiotic stresses by maintaining intracellular sugar concentrations, and host-pathogen interactions through the modulation of apoplastic sugar levels. Many bacterial and fungal pathogens activate the expression of SWEET genes in species such as rice and Arabidopsis to gain access to the nutrients that support virulence. The genetic manipulation of SWEETs has led to the generation of bacterial blight (BB)-resistant rice varieties. Similarly, while the overexpression of the SWEETs involved in sucrose export from leaves and pathogenesis led to growth retardation and yield penalties, plants overexpressing SWEETs show improved disease resistance. Such findings demonstrate the complex functions of SWEETs in growth and stress tolerance. Here, we review the importance of SWEETs in plant-pathogen and source-sink interactions and abiotic stress resistance. We highlight the possible applications of SWEETs in crop improvement programmes aimed at improving sink and source strengths important for enhancing the sustainability of yield. We discuss how the adverse effects of the overexpression of SWEETs on plant growth may be overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubhashis Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aashish Ranjan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hu C, Wu S, Li J, Dong H, Zhu C, Sun T, Hu Z, Foyer CH, Yu J. Herbivore-induced Ca 2+ signals trigger a jasmonate burst by activating ERF16-mediated expression in tomato. New Phytol 2022; 236:1796-1808. [PMID: 36052744 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herbivory severely affects plant growth, posing a threat to crop production. Calcium ion (Ca2+ ) signaling and accumulation of jasmonates (JAs) are activated in plant response to herbivore attack, leading to the expression of defense pathways. However, little is known about how the Ca2+ signal modulates JA biosynthesis. We used diverse techniques, including CRISPR/Cas9, UPLC-MS/MS and molecular biology methods to explore the role of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 16 in Ca2+ signal-triggered JA burst during herbivore defense in tomato. Here we show that simulated herbivory induces GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR LIKE3.3/3.5 (GLR3.3/3.5)-dependent increases in electrical activity, Ca2+ influx and increases the abundance of CALMODULIN2 (CaM2) and ERF16 transcripts in tomato. The interaction between CaM2 and ERF16 promotes JA biosynthesis by enhancing the transcriptional activity of ERF16, which increases the activation of ERF16 expression and causes expression of LIPOXYGENASE D (LOXD), AOC and 12-OXO-PHYTODIENOIC ACID REDUCTASE 3 (OPR3), the key genes in JA biosynthesis. Mutation of CaM2 results in decreased JA accumulation, together with the expression of JA biosynthesis-related genes, leading to reduced resistance to the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism underpinning the Ca2+ signal-initiated systemic JA burst and emphasize the pivotal role of Ca2+ signal/ERF16 crosstalk in herbivore defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shaofang Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Han Dong
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cantabella D, Karpinska B, Teixidó N, Dolcet-Sanjuan R, Foyer CH. Non-volatile signals and redox mechanisms are required for the responses of Arabidopsis roots to Pseudomonas oryzihabitans. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:6971-6982. [PMID: 36001048 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil bacteria promote plant growth and protect against environmental stresses, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly characterized, particularly when there is no direct contact between the roots and bacteria. Here, we explored the effects of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans PGP01 on the root system architecture (RSA) in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Significant increases in lateral root (LR) density were observed when seedlings were grown in the presence of P. oryzihabitans, as well as an increased abundance of transcripts associated with altered nutrient transport and phytohormone responses. However, no bacterial transcripts were detected on the root samples by RNAseq analysis, demonstrating that the bacteria do not colonize the roots. Separating the agar containing bacteria from the seedlings prevented the bacteria-induced changes in RSA. Bacteria-induced changes in RSA were absent from mutants defective in ethylene response factor (ERF109), glutathione synthesis (pad2-1, cad2-1, and rax1-1) and in strigolactone synthesis (max3-9 and max4-1) or signalling (max2-3). However, the P. oryzihabitans-induced changes in RSA were similar in the low ascorbate mutants (vtc2-1and vtc2-2) to the wild-type controls. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of non-volatile signals and redox mechanisms in the root architecture regulation that occurs following long-distance perception of P. oryzihabitans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cantabella
- Institute of Research and Agrofood technology (IRTA) Postharvest Program, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- IRTA, Plant In Vitro Culture Laboratory, Fruticulture Program, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Neus Teixidó
- Institute of Research and Agrofood technology (IRTA) Postharvest Program, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Swiegers HW, Karpinska B, Hu Y, Dodd IC, Botha AM, Foyer CH. The Effects of High CO 2 and Strigolactones on Shoot Branching and Aphid-Plant Compatibility Control in Pea. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12160. [PMID: 36293014 PMCID: PMC9602761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (eCO2) regulate plant architecture and susceptibility to insects. We explored the mechanisms underpinning these responses in wild type (WT) peas and mutants defective in either strigolactone (SL) synthesis or signaling. All genotypes had increased shoot height and branching, dry weights and carbohydrate levels under eCO2, demonstrating that SLs are not required for shoot acclimation to eCO2. Since shoot levels of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) tended to be lower in SL signaling mutants than the WT under ambient conditions, we compared pea aphid performance on these lines under both CO2 conditions. Aphid fecundity was increased in the SL mutants compared to the WT under both ambient and eCO2 conditions. Aphid infestation significantly decreased levels of JA, isopentenyladenine, trans-zeatin and gibberellin A4 and increased ethylene precursor ACC, gibberellin A1, gibberellic acid (GA3) and SA accumulation in all lines. However, GA3 levels were increased less in the SL signaling mutants than the WT. These studies provide new insights into phytohormone responses in this specific aphid/host interaction and suggest that SLs and gibberellins are part of the network of phytohormones that participate in host susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Willem Swiegers
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Yan Hu
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ian C. Dodd
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LEC Building, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Anna-Maria Botha
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang J, Wang A, Luo Q, Hu Z, Ma Q, Li Y, Lin T, Liang X, Yu J, Foyer CH, Shi K. Glucose sensing by regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) plays a crucial role in coordinating defense in response to environmental variation in tomato. New Phytol 2022; 236:561-575. [PMID: 35789001 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low light intensities affect the outbreak of plant diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) revealed that apoplastic glucose (Glc) levels decreased in response to low light. Conversely, low-light-induced susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 was significantly alleviated by exogenous Glc treatment. Using cell-based biolayer interferometry assays, we found that Glc specifically binds to the tomato regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1). Laser scanning confocal microscopy imaging revealed that Glc triggers RGS1 endocytosis, which influences the uncoupling of the RGS1-Gα (GPA1) and GPA1-Gβ (SlGB1) proteins, in a dose- and duration-dependent manner. Analysis of G protein single and double mutants revealed that RGS1 negatively regulates disease resistance under low light and is required for Glc-enhanced defense. Downstream of RGS1-Glc binding, GPA1 negatively mediates the light-intensity-regulated defense, whereas SlGB1 positively regulates this process. These results reveal a novel light-intensity-responsive defense system that is mediated by a Glc-RGS1-G protein signaling pathway. This information will be critical for future investigations of how plant cells sense extracellular sugars and adjust defense under different environments, as well as for genetic engineering approaches to improve stress resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Anran Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiaomei Ma
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yimei Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Teng Lin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Insitute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Insitute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Foyer CH, Hanke G. ROS production and signalling in chloroplasts: cornerstones and evolving concepts. Plant J 2022; 111:642-661. [PMID: 35665548 PMCID: PMC9545066 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen, superoxide (O2●- ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) are the markers of living cells. Oxygenic photosynthesis produces ROS in abundance, which act as a readout of a functional electron transport system and metabolism. The concept that photosynthetic ROS production is a major driving force in chloroplast to nucleus retrograde signalling is embedded in the literature, as is the role of chloroplasts as environmental sensors. The different complexes and components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain (PETC) regulate O2●- production in relation to light energy availability and the redox state of the stromal Cys-based redox systems. All of the ROS generated in chloroplasts have the potential to act as signals and there are many sulphhydryl-containing proteins and peptides in chloroplasts that have the potential to act as H2 O2 sensors and function in signal transduction. While ROS may directly move out of the chloroplasts to other cellular compartments, ROS signalling pathways can only be triggered if appropriate ROS-sensing proteins are present at or near the site of ROS production. Chloroplast antioxidant systems serve either to propagate these signals or to remove excess ROS that cannot effectively be harnessed in signalling. The key challenge is to understand how regulated ROS delivery from the PETC to the Cys-based redox machinery is organised to transmit redox signals from the environment to the nucleus. Redox changes associated with stromal carbohydrate metabolism also play a key role in chloroplast signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTUK
| | - Guy Hanke
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Singh AK, Gupta KJ, Singla-Pareek SL, Foyer CH, Pareek A. Raising crops for dry and saline lands: Challenges and the way forward. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13730. [PMID: 35762125 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Velappan Y, Chabikwa TG, Considine JA, Agudelo-Romero P, Foyer CH, Signorelli S, Considine MJ. The bud dormancy disconnect: latent buds of grapevine are dormant during summer despite a high metabolic rate. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:2061-2076. [PMID: 35022731 PMCID: PMC8982382 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) displays wide plasticity to climate; however, the physiology of dormancy along a seasonal continuum is poorly understood. Here we investigated the apparent disconnect between dormancy and the underlying respiratory physiology and transcriptome of grapevine buds, from bud set in summer to bud burst in spring. The establishment of dormancy in summer was pronounced and reproducible; however, this was coupled with little or no change in physiology, indicated by respiration, hydration, and tissue oxygen tension. The release of dormancy was biphasic; the depth of dormancy declined substantially by mid-autumn, while the subsequent decline towards spring was moderate. Observed changes in physiology failed to explain the first phase of dormancy decline, in particular. Transcriptome data contrasting development from summer through to spring also indicated that dormancy was poorly reflected by metabolic quiescence during summer and autumn. Gene Ontology and enrichment data revealed the prevailing influence of abscisic acid (ABA)-related gene expression during the transition from summer to autumn, and promoter motif analysis suggested that photoperiod may play an important role in regulating ABA functions during the establishment of dormancy. Transcriptomic data from later transitions reinforced the importance of oxidation and hypoxia as physiological cues to regulate the maintenance of quiescence and resumption of growth. Collectively these data reveal a novel disconnect between growth and metabolic quiescence in grapevine following bud set, which requires further experimentation to explain the phenology and dormancy relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazhini Velappan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, and the School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tinashe G Chabikwa
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, and the School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Present address: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - John A Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Patricia Agudelo-Romero
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, and the School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Present address: Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, and the School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 12900, Uruguay
| | - Michael J Considine
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, and the School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Al‐Hajaya Y, Karpinska B, Foyer CH, Baker A. Nuclear and peroxisomal targeting of catalase. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:1096-1108. [PMID: 35040158 PMCID: PMC9305541 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalase is a well-known component of the cellular antioxidant network, but there have been conflicting conclusions reached regarding the nature of its peroxisome targeting signal. It has also been reported that catalase can be hijacked to the nucleus by effector proteins of plant pathogens. Using a physiologically relevant system where native untagged catalase variants are expressed in a cat2-1 mutant background, the C terminal most 18 amino acids could be deleted without affecting activity, peroxisomal targeting or ability to complement multiple phenotypes of the cat2-1 mutant. In contrast, converting the native C terminal tripeptide PSI to the canonical PTS1 sequence ARL resulted in lower catalase specific activity. Localisation experiments using split superfolder green fluorescent protein revealed that catalase can be targeted to the nucleus in the absence of any pathogen effectors, and that C terminal tagging in combination with alterations of the native C terminus can interfere with nuclear localisation. These findings provide fundamental new insights into catalase targeting and pave the way for exploration of the mechanism of catalase targeting to the nucleus and its role in non-infected plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Al‐Hajaya
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Present address:
Department of Laboratory Medical SciencesMutah UniversityKarakJordan
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Present address:
School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonUK
| | - Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Karpinska B, Razak N, Shaw DS, Plumb W, Van De Slijke E, Stephens J, De Jaeger G, Murcha MW, Foyer CH. Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA)5 Regulates Translation in Mitochondria and Chloroplasts to Enhance Growth and Stress Tolerance. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:875799. [PMID: 35783976 PMCID: PMC9244843 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.875799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The late embryogenesis abundant (LEA)5 protein is predominantly expressed in Arabidopsis leaves in the dark, the levels of LEA5 transcripts decreasing rapidly upon illumination. LEA5 is important in plant responses to environmental stresses but the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. We therefore explored LEA5 functions in Arabidopsis mutants (lea5) and transgenic Arabidopsis plants constitutively expressing LEA5 (OEX 2-5), as well as in transgenic barley lines expressing the Arabidopsis LEA5 gene. The OEX 2-5 plants grew better than controls and lea5 mutants in the presence of the prooxidants methyl viologen and menadione. Confocal microscopy of Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts expressing a LEA5-YFP fusion protein demonstrated that LEA5 could be localized to chloroplasts as well as mitochondria in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Tandem affinity purification (TAP) analysis revealed LEA5 interacts with the chloroplast DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 22 (RH22) in Arabidopsis cells. Split YFP analysis confirmed the interaction between RH22 and LEA5 in chloroplasts. The abundance of translated protein products in chloroplasts was decreased in transgenic Arabidopsis plants and increased in lea5 knockout mutants. Conversely, the abundance of translated mitochondrial protein products was increased in OEX 2-5 plants and decreased in lea5 mutants. Mitochondrial electron transport rates were higher in the OEX 2-5 plants than the wild type. The transformed barley lines expressing the Arabidopsis LEA5 had increased seed yields, but they showed a greater drought-induced inhibition of photosynthesis than controls. Taken together, these data demonstrate that LEA5 regulates organellar translation, in order to enhance respiration relative to photosynthesis in response to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nurhayati Razak
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel S. Shaw
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - William Plumb
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eveline Van De Slijke
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Stephens
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Christine H. Foyer,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhou H, Zhou Y, Zhai F, Wu T, Xie Y, Xu G, Foyer CH. Rice seedlings grown under high ammonia do not show enhanced defence responses. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Fengchao Zhai
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low‐Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Considine MJ, Foyer CH. Stress effects on the reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of plant growth and development. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:5795-5806. [PMID: 34106236 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth is mediated by cell proliferation and expansion. Both processes are controlled by a network of endogenous factors such as phytohormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS), sugars, and other signals, which influence gene expression and post-translational regulation of proteins. Stress resilience requires rapid and appropriate responses in plant growth and development as well as defence. Regulation of ROS accumulation in different cellular compartments influences growth responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. While ROS are essential for growth, they are also implicated in the stress-induced cessation of growth and, in some cases, programmed cell death. It is widely accepted that redox post-translational modifications of key proteins determine the growth changes and cell fate responses to stress, but the molecular pathways and factors involved remain poorly characterized. Here we discuss ROS as a signalling molecule, the mechanisms of ROS-dependent regulation that influence protein-protein interactions, protein function, and turnover, together with the relocation of key proteins to different intracellular compartments in a manner that can alter cell fate. Understanding how the redox interactome responds to stress-induced increases in ROS may provide a road map to tailoring the dynamic ROS interactions that determine growth and cell fate in order to enhance stress resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- The School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tiwari R, Gloor E, da Cruz WJA, Schwantes Marimon B, Marimon-Junior BH, Reis SM, de Souza IA, Krause HG, Slot M, Winter K, Ashley D, Béu RG, Borges CS, Da Cunha M, Fauset S, Ferreira LDS, Gonçalves MDA, Lopes TT, Marques EQ, Mendonça NG, Mendonça NG, Noleto PT, de Oliveira CHL, Oliveira MA, Pireda S, Dos Santos Prestes NCC, Santos DM, Santos EB, da Silva ELS, de Souza IA, de Souza LJ, Vitória AP, Foyer CH, Galbraith D. Photosynthetic quantum efficiency in south-eastern Amazonian trees may be already affected by climate change. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:2428-2439. [PMID: 32339294 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tropical forests are experiencing unprecedented high-temperature conditions due to climate change that could limit their photosynthetic functions. We studied the high-temperature sensitivity of photosynthesis in a rainforest site in southern Amazonia, where some of the highest temperatures and most rapid warming in the Tropics have been recorded. The quantum yield (Fv /Fm ) of photosystem II was measured in seven dominant tree species using leaf discs exposed to varying levels of heat stress. T50 was calculated as the temperature at which Fv /Fm was half the maximum value. T5 is defined as the breakpoint temperature, at which Fv /Fm decline was initiated. Leaf thermotolerance in the rapidly warming southern Amazonia was the highest recorded for forest tree species globally. T50 and T5 varied between species, with one mid-storey species, Amaioua guianensis, exhibiting particularly high T50 and T5 values. While the T50 values of the species sampled were several degrees above the maximum air temperatures experienced in southern Amazonia, the T5 values of several species are now exceeded under present-day maximum air temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ben Hur Marimon-Junior
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Simone M Reis
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Igor Araújo de Souza
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Heinrich G Krause
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martijn Slot
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - Klaus Winter
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - David Ashley
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Raiane G Béu
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Camila S Borges
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Maura Da Cunha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Sophie Fauset
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Laura D S Ferreira
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | | | - Thaynara T Lopes
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Q Marques
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Natalia G Mendonça
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Natana G Mendonça
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Pedro T Noleto
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | | | - Milene A Oliveira
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Saulo Pireda
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | | | - Denilson M Santos
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Eduarda B Santos
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | | | - Izabel A de Souza
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Luciana J de Souza
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Angela P Vitória
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos Dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Christine H Foyer
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hu Z, Li J, Ding S, Cheng F, Li X, Jiang Y, Yu J, Foyer CH, Shi K. The protein kinase CPK28 phosphorylates ascorbate peroxidase and enhances thermotolerance in tomato. Plant Physiol 2021; 186:1302-1317. [PMID: 33711164 PMCID: PMC8195530 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
High temperatures are a major threat to plant growth and development, leading to yield losses in crops. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) act as critical components of Ca2+ sensing in plants that transduce rapid stress-induced responses to multiple environmental stimuli. However, the role of CPKs in plant thermotolerance and their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. To address this issue, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cpk28 mutants were generated using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing approach. The responses of mutant and wild-type plants to normal (25°C) and high temperatures (45°C) were documented. Thermotolerance was significantly decreased in the cpk28 mutants, which showed increased heat stress-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and levels of protein oxidation, together with decreased activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and other antioxidant enzymes. The redox status of ascorbate and glutathione were also modified. Using a yeast two-hybrid library screen and protein interaction assays, we provide evidence that CPK28 directly interacts with cytosolic APX2. Mutations in APX2 rendered plants more sensitive to high temperatures, whereas the addition of exogenous reduced ascorbate (AsA) rescued the thermotolerance phenotype of the cpk28 mutants. Moreover, protein phosphorylation analysis demonstrated that CPK28 phosphorylates the APX2 protein at Thr-59 and Thr-164. This process is suggested to be responsive to Ca2+ stimuli and may be required for CPK28-mediated thermotolerance. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CPK28 targets APX2, thus improving thermotolerance. This study suggests that CPK28 is an attractive target for the development of improved crop cultivars that are better adapted to heat stress in a changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Ding
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Yuping Jiang
- Department of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Anders S, Cowling W, Pareek A, Gupta KJ, Singla-Pareek SL, Foyer CH. Gaining Acceptance of Novel Plant Breeding Technologies. Trends Plant Sci 2021; 26:575-587. [PMID: 33893048 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ensuring the sustainability of agriculture under climate change has led to a surge in alternative strategies for crop improvement. Advances in integrated crop breeding, social acceptance, and farm-level adoption are crucial to address future challenges to food security. Societal acceptance can be slow when consumers do not see the need for innovation or immediate benefits. We consider how best to address the issue of social licence and harmonised governance for novel gene technologies in plant breeding. In addition, we highlight optimised breeding strategies that will enable long-term genetic gains to be achieved. Promoted by harmonised global policy change, innovative plant breeding can realise high and sustainable productivity together with enhanced nutritional traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Anders
- Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Wallace Cowling
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Considine MJ, Foyer CH. Oxygen and reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of plant growth and development. Plant Physiol 2021; 186:79-92. [PMID: 33793863 PMCID: PMC8154071 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been co-opted during evolution into the regulation of plant growth, development, and differentiation. ROS and oxidative signals arising from metabolism or phytohormone-mediated processes control almost every aspect of plant development from seed and bud dormancy, liberation of meristematic cells from the quiescent state, root and shoot growth, and architecture, to flowering and seed production. Moreover, the phytochrome and phytohormone-dependent transmissions of ROS waves are central to the systemic whole plant signaling pathways that integrate root and shoot growth. The sensing of oxygen availability through the PROTEOLYSIS 6 (PRT6) N-degron pathway functions alongside ROS production and signaling but how these pathways interact in developing organs remains poorly understood. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the nature of hydrogen peroxide sensors and the role of thiol-dependent signaling networks in the transmission of ROS signals. Reduction/oxidation (redox) changes in the glutathione (GSH) pool, glutaredoxins (GRXs), and thioredoxins (TRXs) are important in the control of growth mediated by phytohormone pathways. Although, it is clear that the redox states of proteins involved in plant growth and development are controlled by the NAD(P)H thioredoxin reductase (NTR)/TRX and reduced GSH/GRX systems of the cytosol, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and nucleus, we have only scratched the surface of this multilayered control and how redox-regulated processes interact with other cell signaling systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- The School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Guo Z, Xu J, Wang Y, Hu C, Shi K, Zhou J, Xia X, Zhou Y, Foyer CH, Yu J. The phyB-dependent induction of HY5 promotes iron uptake by systemically activating FER expression. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51944. [PMID: 34018302 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency affects global crop productivity and human health. However, the role of light signaling in plant Fe uptake remains uncharacterized. Here, we find that light-induced Fe uptake in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is largely dependent on phytochrome B (phyB). Light induces the phyB-dependent accumulation of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) protein both in the leaves and roots. HY5 movement from shoots to roots activates the expression of FER transcription factor, leading to the accumulation of transcripts involved in Fe uptake. Mutation in FER abolishes the light quality-induced changes in Fe uptake. The low Fe uptake observed in phyB, hy5, and fer mutants is accompanied by lower photosynthetic electron transport rates. Exposure to red light at night increases Fe accumulation in wild-type fruit but has little effects on fruit of phyB mutants. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Fe uptake is systemically regulated by light in a phyB-HY5-FER-dependent manner. These findings provide new insights how the manipulation of light quality could be used to improve Fe uptake and hence the nutritional quality of crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyi Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alomrani S, Kunert KJ, Foyer CH. Papain-like cysteine proteases are required for the regulation of photosynthetic gene expression and acclimation to high light stress. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:3441-3454. [PMID: 33686435 PMCID: PMC8256631 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are considered to be devoid of cysteine proteases. Using transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing the rice cystatin, oryzacystatin I (OC-I), in the chloroplasts (PC lines) or cytosol (CYS lines), we explored the hypothesis that cysteine proteases regulate photosynthesis. The CYS and PC lines flowered later than the wild type (WT) and accumulated more biomass after flowering. In contrast to the PC rosettes, which accumulated more leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments than the WT, the CYS lines had lower amounts of leaf pigments. High-light-dependent decreases in photosynthetic carbon assimilation and the abundance of the Rubisco large subunit protein, the D1 protein, and the phosphorylated form of D1 proteins were attenuated in the CYS lines and reversed in the PC lines relative to the WT. However, the transgenic lines had higher amounts of LHC, rbcs, pasbA, and pasbD transcripts than the WT, and also showed modified chloroplast to nucleus signalling. We conclude that cysteine proteases accelerate the reconfiguration of the chloroplast proteome after flowering and in response to high-light stress. Inhibition of cysteine proteases, such as AtCEP1, slows chloroplast protein degradation and stimulates photosynthetic gene expression and chloroplast to nucleus signalling, enhancing stress tolerance traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alomrani
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Karl J Kunert
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hu C, Wei C, Ma Q, Dong H, Shi K, Zhou Y, Foyer CH, Yu J. Ethylene response factors 15 and 16 trigger jasmonate biosynthesis in tomato during herbivore resistance. Plant Physiol 2021; 185:1182-1197. [PMID: 33793934 PMCID: PMC8133690 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are phytohormones with crucial roles in plant defense. Plants accumulate JAs in response to wounding or herbivore attack, but how JA biosynthesis is triggered remains poorly understood. Here we show that herbivory by cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) induced both ethylene (ET) and JA production in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves. Using RNA-seq, ET mutants, and inhibitors of ET signaling, we identified ET-induced ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 15 (ERF15) and ERF16 as critical regulators of JA biosynthesis in tomato plants. Transcripts of ERF15 and ERF16 were markedly upregulated and peaked at 60 and 15 min, respectively, after simulated herbivore attack. While mutation in ERF16 resulted in the attenuated expression of JA biosynthetic genes and decreased JA accumulation 15 min after the simulated herbivory treatment, these changes were not observed in erf15 mutants until 60 min after treatment. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that both ERFs15 and 16 are transcriptional activators of LIPOXYGENASE D, ALLENE OXIDE CYCLASE, and 12-OXO-PHYTODIENOIC ACID REDUCTASE 3, key genes in JA biosynthesis. Furthermore, JA-activated MYC2 and ERF16 also function as the transcriptional activators of ERF16, contributing to dramatic increases in ERF16 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ET signaling is involved in the rapid induction of the JA burst. ET-induced ERF15 and ERF16 function as powerful transcriptional activators that trigger the JA burst in response to herbivore attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chunyu Wei
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Qiaomei Ma
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Han Dong
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hu Z, Ma Q, Foyer CH, Lei C, Choi HW, Zheng C, Li J, Zuo J, Mao Z, Mei Y, Yu J, Klessig DF, Shi K. High CO 2 - and pathogen-driven expression of the carbonic anhydrase βCA3 confers basal immunity in tomato. New Phytol 2021; 229:2827-2843. [PMID: 33206385 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric CO2 concentrations exert a strong influence on the susceptibility of plants to pathogens. However, the mechanisms involved in the CO2 -dependent regulation of pathogen resistance are largely unknown. Here we show that the expression of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) β-CARBONIC ANHYDRASE 3 (βCA3) is induced by the virulent pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. The role of βCA3 in the high CO2 -mediated response in tomato and two other Solanaceae crops is distinct from that in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using βCA3 knock-out and over-expression plants, we demonstrate that βCA3 plays a positive role in the activation of basal immunity, particularly under high CO2 . βCA3 is transcriptionally activated by the transcription factor NAC43 and is also post-translationally regulated by the receptor-like kinase GRACE1. The βCA3 pathway of basal immunity is independent on stomatal- and salicylic-acid-dependent regulation. Global transcriptome analysis and cell wall metabolite measurement implicate cell wall metabolism/integrity in βCA3-mediated basal immunity under both CO2 conditions. These data not only highlight the importance of βCA3 in plant basal immunity under high CO2 in a well-studied susceptible crop-pathogen system, but they also point to new targets for disease management strategies in a changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiaomei Ma
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Cui Lei
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hyong Woo Choi
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Chenfei Zheng
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinhua Zuo
- National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Zhuo Mao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuyang Mei
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Daniel F Klessig
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Babbar R, Karpinska B, Grover A, Foyer CH. Heat-Induced Oxidation of the Nuclei and Cytosol. Front Plant Sci 2021; 11:617779. [PMID: 33510759 PMCID: PMC7835529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.617779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The concept that heat stress (HS) causes a large accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely accepted. However, the intracellular compartmentation of ROS accumulation has been poorly characterized. We therefore used redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP2) to provide compartment-specific information on heat-induced redox changes of the nuclei and cytosol of Arabidopsis leaf epidermal and stomatal guard cells. We show that HS causes a large increase in the degree of oxidation of both compartments, causing large shifts in the glutathione redox potentials of the cells. Heat-induced increases in the levels of the marker transcripts, heat shock protein (HSP)101, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)2 were maximal after 15 min of the onset of the heat treatment. RNAseq analysis of the transcript profiles of the control and heat-treated seedlings revealed large changes in transcripts encoding HSPs, mitochondrial proteins, transcription factors, and other nuclear localized components. We conclude that HS causes extensive oxidation of the nucleus as well as the cytosol. We propose that the heat-induced changes in the nuclear redox state are central to both genetic and epigenetic control of plant responses to HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Babbar
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anil Grover
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang S, Li R, Zhang L, Chen S, Xie M, Yang L, Xia Y, Foyer CH, Zhao Z, Lam HM. New insights into Arabidopsis transcriptome complexity revealed by direct sequencing of native RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:7700-7711. [PMID: 32652016 PMCID: PMC7430643 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptomes have been extensively studied and characterized under different conditions. However, most of the current ‘RNA-sequencing’ technologies produce a relatively short read length and demand a reverse-transcription step, preventing effective characterization of transcriptome complexity. Here, we performed Direct RNA Sequencing (DRS) using the latest Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) with exceptional read length. We demonstrate that the complexity of the A. thaliana transcriptomes has been substantially under-estimated. The ONT direct RNA sequencing identified novel transcript isoforms at both the vegetative (14-day old seedlings, stage 1.04) and reproductive stages (stage 6.00–6.10) of development. Using in-house software called TrackCluster, we determined alternative transcription initiation (ATI), alternative polyadenylation (APA), alternative splicing (AS), and fusion transcripts. More than 38 500 novel transcript isoforms were identified, including six categories of fusion-transcripts that may result from differential RNA processing mechanisms. Aided by the Tombo algorithm, we found an enrichment of m5C modifications in the mobile mRNAs, consistent with a recent finding that m5C modification in mRNAs is crucial for their long-distance movement. In summary, ONT DRS offers an advantage in the identification and functional characterization of novel RNA isoforms and RNA base modifications, significantly improving annotation of the A. thaliana genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoudong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Runsheng Li
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Shengjie Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Min Xie
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yiji Xia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.,The State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zhongying Zhao
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kunert KJ, Botha AM, Oberholster PJ, Yocgo R, Chimwamurombe P, Vorster J, Foyer CH. Factors facilitating sustainable scientific partnerships between developed and developing countries. Outlook Agric 2020; 49:204-214. [PMID: 32981973 PMCID: PMC7491427 DOI: 10.1177/0030727020939592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
International scientific partnerships are key to the success of strategic investments in plant science research and the farm-level adoption of new varieties and technologies, as well as the coherence of agricultural policies across borders to address global challenges. Such partnerships result not only in a greater impact of published research enhancing the career development of early and later stage researchers, but they also ensure that advances in plant science and crop breeding technologies make a meaningful contribution to society by brokering acceptance of emerging solutions to the world problems. We discuss the evidence showing that despite a lack of funding, scientists in some African countries make a significant contribution to global science output. We consider the criteria for success in establishing long-term scientific partnerships between scientists in developing countries in Southern Africa ("the South") and developed countries such as the UK ("the North"). We provide our own personal perspectives on the key attributes that lead to successful institutional collaborations and the establishment of sustainable networks of successful "North-South" scientific partnerships. In addition, we highlight some of the stumbling blocks which tend to hinder the sustainability of long-term "North-South" scientific networks. We use this personal knowledge and experiences to provide guidelines on how to establish and maintain successful long-term "North-South" scientific partnerships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Kunert
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Hillcrest, South Africa
| | - Anna-Maria Botha
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Paul J Oberholster
- Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Rosita Yocgo
- African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Percy Chimwamurombe
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Juan Vorster
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Hillcrest, South Africa
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang J, Zhou H, Zhou M, Ge Z, Zhang F, Foyer CH, Yuan X, Xie Y. The coordination of guard-cell autonomous ABA synthesis and DES1 function in situ regulates plant water deficit responses. J Adv Res 2020; 27:191-197. [PMID: 33318877 PMCID: PMC7728585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Drought stress triggers the synthesis and accumulation of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), which regulates stomatal aperture and hence reducing plant water loss. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is produced by the enzyme L-cysteine desulfhydrase 1 (DES1) that catalyzes the desulfuration of L-cysteine in Arabidopsis, also plays a critical role in the regulation of drought-induced stomatal closure. However, little is known about the regulation of DES1 or the crosstalk between H2S and ABA signaling in response to dehydration. Objectives To demonstrate the potential crosstalk between DES1-dependent H2S and ABA signaling in response to dehydration and its regulation mechanism. Methods Firstly, by introducing guard cell-specific MYB60 promoter, to produce complementary lines of DES1 or ABA3 into guard cell of des1 or aba3 mutant. And the related genes expression and water loss under ABA, NaHS, or dehydration treatment in these mutant or transgenics lines were determinate. Results We found that dehydration-induced expression of DES1 is abolished in the abscisic acid deficient 3 (aba3) mutants that are deficient in ABA synthesis. Both the complementation of ABA3 expression in guard cells of the aba3 mutants and ABA treatment rescue the dehydration-induced expression of DES1, as well as the wilting phenotype observed in these mutants. Moreover, the drought-induced expression of ABA synthesis genes was suppressed in des1 mutants. While the addition of ABA or the expression of either ABA3 or DES1 in the guard cells of the aba3/des1 double mutant did not alter the wilting phenotype of these mutants, the wild type phenotype was fully restored by the expression of both ABA3 and DES1, or by the application of NaHS. Conclusion These results demonstrate that the coordinated synthesis of ABA and DES1 expression is required for drought-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mingjian Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenglin Ge
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Singh P, Kumari A, Foyer CH, Gupta KJ. The power of the phytoglobin-NO cycle in the regulation of nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. New Phytol 2020; 227:5-7. [PMID: 32386329 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - Aprajita Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|