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Yang C, Song Y, Wang P. Relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and new-onset hypertension in general population-a systemic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2341631. [PMID: 38615327 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2341631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an alternative biomarker for insulin resistance that may be connected to incident hypertension. We performed the meta-analysis to clarify the connection between TyG index and new-onset hypertension in the general population. METHODS We recruited cohort studies that assessed the association between TyG index and the risk of hypertension in the general population by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science (SCI) from their inception dates until July 18, 2023. The primary focus of the study was on the hazard ratio (HR) of hypertension in relation to the TyG index. The adjusted HR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by the random-effects model. Subgroup analyzes stratified by age, sex, follow-up duration, body mass index (BMI), and ethnicity were performed. RESULTS Our analysis comprised 35 848 participants from a total of 7 cohort studies. The highest TyG index category showed a 1.51-fold greater risk of hypertension in the general population than the lowest category (HR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.26-1.80, p < .001). Consistent results were obtained using sensitivity analysis by eliminating one trial at a time (p values all <0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the relationship between TyG index and hypertension was not substantially influenced by age, sex, BMI, participant ethnicity, and follow-up times (P for interaction all >0.05). CONCLUSIONS Elevated TyG index significantly increased the risk of new-onset hypertension in the general population. It is necessary to conduct the research to clarify the probable pathogenic processes underpinning the link between the TyG index and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Song
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Peijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, China
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Zhang C, Yao L, Liu M, Zhou Y. Features of cardiovascular magnetic resonance native T1 mapping in maintenance hemodialysis patients and their related factors. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2310078. [PMID: 38293793 PMCID: PMC10833117 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2310078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased myocardial T1 values on cardiovascular MRI (CMRI) have been shown to be a surrogate marker for myocardial fibrosis. The use of CMRI in patients on hemodialysis (HD) remains limited. This research aimed to explore the characteristics of native T1 values in HD patients and identify factors related to T1 values. METHODS A total of thirty-two patients on HD and fourteen healthy controls were included in this study. All participants underwent CMRI. Using modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence, native T1 mapping was achieved. Native CMRI T1 values were compared between the two groups. In order to analyze the relationship between T1 values and clinical parameters, correlation analysis was performed in patients on HD. RESULTS Patients on HD exhibited elevated global native T1 values compared to control subjects. In the HD group, the global native T1 value correlated positively with intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (r = 0.418, p = 0.017) and negatively with triglycerides (r= -0.366, p = 0.039). Moreover, the global native T1 value exhibited a positive correlation with the left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area (BSA; r = 0.528, p = 0.014), left ventricular end-systolic volume indexed to BSA (r = 0.506, p = 0.019), and left ventricular mass indexed to BSA (r = 0.600, p = 0.005). A negative correlation was observed between the global native T1 value and ejection fraction (r = 0.-0.551, p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The global native T1 value was prolonged in HD patients compared with controls. In the HD group, the global T1 value correlated strongly with iPTH, triglycerides, and cardiac structural and functional parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yilun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Murshidi R, Bani Hamad S, Al Refaei A, Shewaikani N, Shaf'ei M, Alshoubaki SN, Haddad TA, Khasawneh T, Fkheideh T, Abdallat M. A novel predictive method for risk stratification in acne patients receiving isotretinoin: an analysis of laboratory abnormalities and changes in inflammatory parameters. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2301435. [PMID: 38186323 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2301435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Isotretinoin is a widely used, effective medication for moderate to severe acne. It is typically used for several months, which necessitates regular laboratory monitoring. However, consensus on the optimal assessment frequency is lacking. METHOD This is a single-center retrospective study on 1182 patients who received isotretinoin for acne at the Dermatology Clinic in Jordan University Hospital over 5 years. RESULTS Of the 1182 patients, 892 (76.57% females) met the inclusion criteria. An increase in the proportion of patients with abnormal triglycerides and total cholesterol levels from baseline to the sixth month was observed (p < 0.05). Conversely, differences in the number of patients with abnormal AST, ALT, and CBC were not found throughout treatment (p > 0.05). Moreover, there was a decrease in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ratio and systemic inflammatory index (SII) after the sixth month of isotretinoin treatment compared to the baseline (p = 0.012 and p = 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We found that a baseline cholesterol level of 163.9 mg/dl and a baseline triglycerides level of 85.5 mg/dL are highly specific and sensitive in detecting grade 1 abnormalities at the one-month follow-up. This novel prediction approach serves as an effective risk stratification method for isotretinoin acne patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Murshidi
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Salsabiela Bani Hamad
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Moayad Shaf'ei
- Department of Special Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Tala A Haddad
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Taima Fkheideh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Abdallat
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Liu D, Guan X, Chen R, Song C, Qiu S, Xu S, Cao J, Liu H. The clinical evaluation of the triglyceride-glucose index as a risk factor for coronary artery disease and severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2320261. [PMID: 38411154 PMCID: PMC10901187 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2320261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple and effective tool to evaluate IR. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the TyG index with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the severity of coronary artery stenosis (CAS) in nondialysis patients with stages 3-5 CKD. METHODS Nondialysis patients with stages 3-5 CKD who underwent the first coronary angiography at Zhongda Hospital affiliated with Southeast University from August 2015 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. CAS was measured by coronary angiography, and the CAS score was calculated as the Gensini score. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the related factors of CAD and severe CAS. RESULTS A total of 943 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and 720 (76.4%) of these patients were diagnosed with CAD. The TyG index in the CAD group (7.29 ± 0.63) was significantly higher than that in the non-CAD group (7.11 ± 0.61) (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a higher TyG index was an independent risk factor for CAD in CKD patients after adjusting for related confounding factors (OR = 2.865, 95% CI 1.681-4.885, p < 0.001). Patients in the CAD group were divided into three groups according to the Gensini integral quantile level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the TyG index was an independent related factor for severe CAS after adjusting for relevant confounding factors (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The TyG index is associated with CAD and the severity of CAS in patients with nondialysis stages 3-5 CKD. A higher TyG index is an independent factor for CAD and severe CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Research and Education Centre of General Practice, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Guan
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Ruoxin Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Ci Song
- Research and Education Centre of General Practice, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shanhu Qiu
- Research and Education Centre of General Practice, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jingyuan Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Huang Y, Zhong Q, Chen J, Qin X, Yang Y, He Y, Lin Z, Li Y, Yang S, Lu Y, Zhao Y, Kong Y, Wan Q, Wang Q, Huang S, Liu Y, Liu A, Liu F, Hou F, Liang M. Relationship of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride with risk of mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a multicenter prospective cohort study. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2334912. [PMID: 38604971 PMCID: PMC11011237 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2334912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients remains inconsistent. We aimed to explore the individual and combined association of TC and TG levels with the risk of mortality in Chinese MHD patients. METHODS 1036 MHD patients were enrolled in this multicenter, prospective cohort study. The serum levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured at baseline. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and secondary outcome was cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 4.4 years (IQR= 2.0-7.9 years), 549 (53.0%) patients died, and 297 (28.7%) deaths were attributed to CVD. Compared with patients with TC levels in the first three quartiles (<182.5 mg/dL), a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality was found in participants with TC in the fourth quartile (hazard ratio [HR], 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.76). However, a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality was observed in participants with TG in the fourth quartile (≥193.9 mg/dL) (HR, 0.78; 95%CI: 0.63-0.98), compared with participants with TG in the first three quartiles. Similar trends were observed in CVD mortality. When analyzed jointly, patients with lower TC (<182.5 mg/dL) and higher TG (≥193.9 mg/dL) levels had the lowest risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality.Conclusions: In MHD patients in southern China, higher TC levels were associated with higher risk of mortality, while higher TG levels were related to lower risk of mortality. Patients with lower TC and higher TG levels had the best survival prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Zhong
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhi Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaya Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhuan He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhen Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglin Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxin Lu
- People’s Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, China
| | | | - Yaozhong Kong
- The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Qijun Wan
- The Second People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Huadu District People’s Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Nanhai District People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiqun Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanna Liu
- Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanfan Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
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Rodríguez-Domínguez J, Piedra-Aguilera Á, Martínez-Bujidos M, Malumbres-Serrano S, Morales-Indiano C, Fernández-Prendes C. Direct LDL Cholesterol Assay vs. Estimated Equations in Patients With Hypertriglyceridemia or Low LDL Cholesterol Levels. Ann Lab Med 2024; 44:363-366. [PMID: 38237928 PMCID: PMC10961624 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Álvaro Piedra-Aguilera
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Bujidos
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Carla Fernández-Prendes
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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Yang Z, Chen L, Zeng C, Guo Z, Zhang W, Tian T, Huang Z, Jiang L. Encapsulation and characterization of soy protein-based ω-3 medium- and long- chain triacylglycerols microencapsulated with diverse homogenization techniques for improving oxidation stability. Food Chem 2024; 444:138601. [PMID: 38325083 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Recently, MLCTs have attracted considerable attention as a potential alternative to traditional oils due to their suppressive effect on fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity. In this study, the microcapsules of MLCTs with superior performance were fabricated through different homogenization processes to overcome the limitations of ω-3 medium- and long- chain triacylglycerols (MLCTs), including poor stability and prone oxidation. Additionally, the impact of various homogenization techniques, namely, high-pressure, ultrasound, and cavitation jet, on the particle structure, encapsulation efficiency, and oxidation stability of microcapsules (MLCTs) was investigated. The MLCTs microcapsules fabricated through high-pressure homogenization had a smaller particle size of 295.12 nm, lower PDI of 0.24, and a higher zeta-potential absolute value of 32.65, which significantly improved their dispersion and encapsulation efficiency, reaching 94.56 % after the spray-drying process. Furthermore, the low moisture content and superior storage stability of MLCTs microcapsules have the potential to serve as carriers of liposoluble actives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chili Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zengwang Guo
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhaoxian Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Xu Q, Wang S, Zou Q, Chen W, Lan D, Wang Y. Streamlined enzymatic synthesis of human milk fat substitutes. Food Chem 2024; 443:138476. [PMID: 38306908 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The positional distribution of palmitic acid (PA) in human milk fat substitutes (HMFSs) plays a pivotal role in mimicking the nutritional profile of human milk fat for nourishing non-breastfed infants. This study innovatively introduced a streamlined enzymatic process for preparing HMFSs rich in sn-2 PA using palm stearin, a PA-rich source without the necessity for positional distribution of PA. The initial step involved enhancing the sn-2 PA concentration through enzymatic interesterification using Lipase UM1, which exhibited superior catalytic efficiency than Novozym 435. This process increased the sn-2 PA level from 40.98 % to 64.51 %. Subsequently, acidolysis was employed to reduce PA levels by replacing PA at sn-1,3 positions using sn-1,3-regioselective lipases. The PA content decreased from 60.64 % to 26.73 %, simultaneously raising the relative sn-2 PA concentration to 71.57 %, meeting the benchmarks for HMFSs. This study establishes a robust conceptual framework for the prospective industrial synthesis of HMFSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shushu Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Qian Zou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Yue-shan Special Nutrition Technology Co. Ltd., Foshan 528000, PR China.
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Buch-Larsen K, Gillberg L, Ahmed HI, Marstrand SD, Andersson M, van Hall G, Brøns C, Schwarz P. Postabsorptive and postprandial glucose and fat metabolism in postmenopausal women with breast cancer-Preliminary data after chemotherapy compared to healthy controls. Nutrition 2024; 122:112394. [PMID: 38458062 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer survivors are a growing population due to improved treatment. It is known that postmenopausal women treated for breast cancer may experience weight gain and increased insulin resistance, but detailed knowledge on how chemotherapy impact metabolic and endocrine mechanisms remain unknown. OBJECTIVES We performed a thorough, preliminary study to elucidate the differing mechanisms of postprandial absorption and metabolism in postmenopausal early breast cancer (EBC) patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy compared to healthy controls. We hypothesize that chemotherapy has a negative impact on metabolism in EBC patients. METHODS We examined four postmenopausal women shortly after treatment with chemotherapy for EBC and four age-matched healthy women who served as controls using isotopic tracers during a mixed meal-test. Blood was sampled during the 240 min meal-test to examine postprandial absorption and endogenous synthesis of lipid and carbohydrate metabolites. RESULTS We found that insulin concentrations were numerically higher before the meal-test in the EBC patients compared to controls (76.3 pmol/L vs 37.0 pmol/L; P = 0.06). Glucose kinetics was increased postprandial (most pronounced at 30 min, 9.46 mmol/L vs 7.33 mmol/L; P = 0.51), with no difference between the groups regarding liver glucose output. Fatty acid kinetics showed a numeric increase in oleic acid rate of appearance in BC patients, but only during the first hour after the mixed meal. There was no significant difference in VLDL-TAG synthesis between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study is unique in using advanced tracer methods to investigate in vivo metabolism of EBC patients after chemotherapy although no statistical differences in glucose and fatty acid kinetics was seen compared to controls. However, during the first two postprandial hours, oral glucose and oleic acid appearance in the systematic circulation was elevated in the EBC patients. This could be due to changes in gastrointestinal uptake and further studies with altered set-up could provide valuable insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Buch-Larsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes and Bone-metabolic Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Linn Gillberg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Haboon Ismail Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone Diedrichsen Marstrand
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes and Bone-metabolic Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gerrit van Hall
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Facility, Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Schwarz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes and Bone-metabolic Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kunutsor SK, Seidu S, Kurl S, Laukkanen JA. Baseline and usual triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study. GeroScience 2024; 46:3035-3046. [PMID: 38180700 PMCID: PMC11009217 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an emerging marker of adverse cardiometabolic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The long-term relevance of TyG index to chronic kidney disease (CKD) is uncertain. We aimed to assess the association of TyG index with CKD risk and its utility in risk prediction in a prospective study. The TyG index was calculated using fasting triglycerides and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels measured in 2362 men aged 42-61 years with normal kidney function using the formula: Ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × FPG [mg/dL]/2). Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals, CIs) were estimated for CKD. Correction for within-person variability was made using data from repeat measurements of triglycerides and FPG taken 11 years after baseline. Over a median follow-up duration of 17.5 years, 223 CKD cases were recorded. The age-adjusted regression dilution ratio for the TyG index was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.48-0.60). The risk of CKD increased continuously with increasing TyG index across the range 9.3 to 11.6 (p value for nonlinearity<.001). In analysis adjusted for established risk factors, a unit higher TyG index was associated with an increased risk of CKD (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.24-2.05). Comparing extreme tertiles of the TyG index, the corresponding adjusted HR (95% CI) for CKD was 1.61 (1.15-2.27). Addition of the TyG index to a CKD risk prediction model containing established risk factors improved risk discrimination and reclassification (p value for difference in -2 log likelihood<.001; NRI=47.66%, p=.014; IDI=0.0164, p<.001). Higher TyG index is associated with an increased risk of CKD and improves the prediction and classification of CKD beyond established risk factors. Using single baseline estimations of the TyG index to investigate its association with CKD risk could considerably under-estimate the true association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK.
| | - Samuel Seidu
- Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK
| | - Sudhir Kurl
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Department of Medicine, Jyväskylä, Finland
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11
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Li X, Ji Q, Zhong C, Wu C, Wu J, Yuan C, Ran J. Ghrelin regulates the endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149844. [PMID: 38564940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of the ghrelin-regulated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) signalling pathway in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Pregnant female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a normal group, GDM group (high-fat diet + STZ), GDM + ghrelin group (acyl ghrelin), and GDM + ghrelin + ghrelin inhibitor group ([D-lys3]-GHRP-6). We measured body weight, the intake of water and food, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting insulin levels in each group. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes in the pancreas. The TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis rate of islet cells. qPCR and Western boltting were performed to detect the relative expression levels of PERK, ATF6, IREIα, GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12, which are related to the ERS signalling pathway in the pancreas. Then, NIT-1 cells were cultured to verify whether ghrelin regulates ERS under high-glucose or tunicamycin conditions. RESULTS Compared with the GDM group, the GDM + ghrelin group showed improved physical conditions and significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting insulin levels. Damaged islet areas were inhibited by ghrelin in the GDM group. The GDM + ghrelin group showed reduced β-cell apoptosis compared to the GDM and GDM + ghrelin + ghrelin inhibitor groups. ERS-associated factors (PERK, ATF6, IREIα, GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12) mRNA and protein levels were obviously lower in the GDM + ghrelin group than in the GDM group, while expression levels were restored in the inhibitor group. Ghrelin treatment improved the high-glucose or tunicamycin-induced apoptosis, increased insulin levels and upregulation of GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 in NIT-1 cells. CONCLUSION Ghrelin suppressed ERS signalling and apoptosis in GDM mice and in NIT-1 cells. This study established a link between ghrelin and GDM, and the targeting of ERS with ghrelin represents a promising therapeutic strategy for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Medical Care Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qun Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chunrong Zhong
- Medical Care Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Congyin Wu
- Medical Care Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinchan Wu
- Medical Care Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Caihong Yuan
- Medical Care Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianmin Ran
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Zhao R, Tang Y, Cao W, Zhao L, Wu Z, Chen X, Li Y, Jia X, Bai H. Identification of multiple plasma lipids as diagnostic biomarkers of hypercholesterolemia and the underlying mechanisms based on pseudo-targeted lipidomics. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2024; 38:e9723. [PMID: 38504484 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and death. This study performed pseudo-targeted lipidomics to identify differentially expressed plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemia, to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia. METHODS Pseudo-targeted lipidomic analyses of plasma lipids from 20 patients with hypercholesterolemia and 20 normal control subjects were performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed lipids were identified by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify differentially expressed lipids with high diagnostic value. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway database was used to identify enriched metabolic pathways. RESULTS We identified 13 differentially expressed lipids in hypercholesterolemia using variable importance of projection > 1 and p < 0.05 as threshold parameters. The levels of eight sphingomyelins and cholesterol sulfate were higher and those of three triacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholine were reduced in hypercholesterolemia. Seven differentially expressed plasma lipids showed high diagnostic value for hypercholesterolemia. Functional enrichment analyses showed that pathways related to necroptosis, sphingolipid signaling, sphingolipid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis were enriched. CONCLUSIONS This pseudo-targeted lipidomics study demonstrated that multiple sphingomyelins and cholesterol sulfate were differentially expressed in the plasma of patients with hypercholesterolemia. We also identified seven plasma lipids, including six sphingomyelins and cholesterol sulfate, with high diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenhui Cao
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Xianghui Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Yimin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Xiaoe Jia
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Haihua Bai
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
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13
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Chen JX, Li Y, Zhang YB, Wang Y, Zhou YF, Geng T, Liu G, Pan A, Liao YF. Nonlinear relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease: an observational and Mendelian randomization analysis. Metabolism 2024; 154:155817. [PMID: 38364900 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies reported null effects of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which might have overlooked a nonlinear causal association. We aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship between circulating HDL-C concentrations and CVD in observational and MR frameworks. METHODS We included 348,636 participants (52,919 CVD cases and 295,717 non-cases) of European ancestry with genetic data from the UK Biobank (UKB) and acquired genome-wide association summary data for HDL-C of Europeans from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC). Observational analyses were conducted in the UKB. Stratified MR analyses were conducted combing genetic data for CVD from UKB and lipids from GLGC. RESULTS Observational analyses showed L-shaped associations of HDL-C with CVD, with no further risk reduction when HDL-C levels exceeded 70 mg/dL. Multivariable MR analyses across entire distribution of HDL-C found no association of HDL-C with CVD, after control of the pleiotropic effect on other lipids and unmeasured pleiotropism. However, in stratified MR analyses, significant inverse associations of HDL-C with CVD were observed in the stratum of participants with HDL-C ≤ 50 mg/dL (odds ratio per unit increase, 0.86; 95 % confidence interval, 0.79-0.94), while null associations were observed in any stratum above 50 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a potentially causal inverse association of HDL-C at low levels with CVD risks. These findings advance our knowledge about the role of HDL as a potential target in CVD prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Bo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yan-Feng Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Tingting Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yun-Fei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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14
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Vaage AM, Benth JŠ, Meyer HE, Holmøy T, Nakken O. Premorbid lipid levels and long-term risk of ALS-a population-based cohort study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:358-366. [PMID: 38117120 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2295455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the temporal relationship between premorbid lipid levels and long-term amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk. METHODS From Norwegian cardiovascular health surveys (1974-2003), we collected information on total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glucose, and other cardiovascular risk factors. ALS incidence and mortality were identified through validated Norwegian health registries. The relation between premorbid lipid levels and ALS risk was assessed by Cox regression models. RESULTS Out of 640,066 study participants (51.5% females), 974 individuals (43.5% females) developed ALS. Mean follow-up time was 23.7 (SD 7.1) years among ALS cases. One mmol/l increase in LDL-C was associated with 6% increase in risk for ALS (hazard ratio 1.06 [95% CI: 1.01-1.09]). Higher levels of TC and TG were also associated with increased ALS risk, but only within the last 6-7 years prior to ALS diagnosis or death. No association between HDL-C and ALS risk was found. Adjusting for body mass index, birth cohort, smoking, and physical activity did not alter the results. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of LDL-C are associated with increased ALS risk over 40 years later, compatible with a causal relationship. The temporal relationship between TG, TC, and ALS risk suggests that increased levels of these lipid biomarkers represent consequences of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Myhre Vaage
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Haakon E Meyer
- Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, and
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trygve Holmøy
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola Nakken
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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15
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Doki K, Hashimoto N, Yoshida K, Homma M. Implications of Incorporating Plasma Lipoprotein Binding into a Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model: A Simulation Study with Amiodarone. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:1015-1024. [PMID: 38093601 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Although various lipophilic drugs are bound to lipoproteins, lipoprotein binding in plasma is not usually considered in current physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. Amiodarone is extensively bound to serum triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Total plasma amiodarone concentration, which is the sum of both unbound and bound concentrations, increases with increasing serum triglyceride levels. We investigated the impact of lipoprotein binding on amiodarone pharmacokinetics using PBPK modeling and simulations. An amiodarone PBPK model that incorporates plasma lipoprotein binding (LPP model) was developed based on the correlation between serum triglyceride levels and lipoprotein-bound amiodarone. The predicted unbound fraction of amiodarone in plasma and systemic clearance in the LPP and base models (with albumin binding only) were similar, but the coefficients of variation for the LPP model were greater than those for the base model and were closer to the observed data. The total plasma amiodarone concentration predicted using the LPP model increased with higher levels of plasma lipoprotein binding and serum albumin. In contrast, changes in plasma lipoprotein binding and serum albumin levels did not influence the predicted unbound plasma amiodarone concentration at steady-state. This study demonstrates that incorporating plasma lipoprotein binding into a PBPK model improves the accuracy of predicting interindividual variabilities in amiodarone clearance by more reliably predicting the interindividual variability in the plasma unbound fraction of amiodarone. Plasma lipoprotein binding should be considered in PBPK modeling and simulations for lipoprotein-associated drugs if there is available information on the relationship between plasma lipoprotein binding and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Doki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoaki Hashimoto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keigo Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masato Homma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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16
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Doi T, Langsted A, Nordestgaard BG. Mass changes in remnant cholesterol and LDL cholesterol explain part of the results of gemfibrozil and non-gemfibrozil fibrate trials. J Intern Med 2024; 295:707-710. [PMID: 38343109 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Doi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Langsted
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Zhang Q, Xu Q, Zhu Q, Zhu L, Pan C, Chen J, Liu J, Deng D, Chen W, Chen C. Association between serum triglyceride level and severity of acute biliary pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2024; 24:343-349. [PMID: 38350790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) is the most common type of acute pancreatitis. However, the effect of serum triglyceride (TG) levels on the severity of ABP remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum TG levels and the severity of ABP. METHODS Data from 526 ABP patients was analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into normal and elevated groups according to the TG level measured within 24 h after admission, and the elevated group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe elevated groups. The demographic data and clinical outcomes of each group were compared. RESULTS Of the 526 ABP patients, 394 were in the normal TG group and 132 were in the elevated TG group (36 mild, 57 moderate, and 39 severe). The elevated group was younger (51.5 ± 12.9 vs. 58.9 ± 13.9), predominantly male (66.7% vs. 45.2%), had more history of diabetes (22.7% vs. 12.4%) and hyperlipidemia (19.7% vs. 0.8%), and developed systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (25.8% vs. 15.5%), persistent organ failure (POF) (11.4% vs. 2.8%), and local complications (62.9% vs. 42.1%) more frequently compared to the normal group (P < 0.05). The incidence of SIRS, POF, acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC), and acute necrotic collection (ANC) increased with increasing TG levels (Ptrend < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, TG was independently associated with POF, APFC, and ANC in increments of 100 mg/dl (P < 0.05), and there was a linear relationship between TG levels and POF, APFC, and ANC (non-linear P > 0.05, P overall <0.05). In addition, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not a risk factor for POF, ANC, and APFC in ABP patients. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum TG levels were independently associated with more severe ABP. The incidence of POF, APFC, and ANC in ABP patients increased with the increase of TG levels, with a linear relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingcheng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Quping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changbao Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Denghao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Chaowu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Bidares M, Safari-Kish B, Malekzadeh-Shoushtari H, Azarbayejani N, Nosouhi G, Aziz M. Assessing the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obes Surg 2024; 34:1855-1865. [PMID: 38451368 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze changes in retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels before and after bariatric surgery in obese individuals. Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective treatment for morbid obesity, impacting molecules like RBP4. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 relevant studies were conducted, utilizing databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and Scopus. Significant differences in RBP4, glucose, and BMI levels pre- and post-surgery were observed. Meta-regression analysis explored associations with age, pre-BMI, triglycerides, glucose, and post-insulin levels. Findings suggest RBP4 may improve insulin sensitivity after bariatric surgery, warranting further investigation as a potential pharmacotherapeutic target. These results highlight the importance of understanding RBP4's role in the context of bariatric surgery and its implications for improving metabolic health in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Bidares
- Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Postal Code: 8514143131, Iran
| | - Borna Safari-Kish
- Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Postal Code: 8514143131, Iran.
| | | | - Niloufar Azarbayejani
- School of Medicine, Sanandaj University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Postal Code: 6618634683, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Golnaz Nosouhi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Postal Code: 8514143131, Iran
| | - Mahsa Aziz
- Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Postal Code: 8514143131, Iran
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Cederlöf ET, Lager S, Larsson A, Sundström Poromaa I, Lindahl B, Wikström A, Christersson C. Biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease in women with spontaneous preterm birth: A case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:970-979. [PMID: 38379394 PMCID: PMC11019525 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women with spontaneous preterm birth have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Studies suggest potential pathophysiological mechanisms in common, but whether these could be identified by measurement of soluble circulating protein biomarkers in women with spontaneous preterm birth is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if protein biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease distinguish women with spontaneous preterm birth from healthy controls, both at pregnancy and at follow up. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study participants were identified in the population-based Uppsala biobank of pregnant women in Sweden, where plasma samples were collected in mid-pregnancy. In a first screening phase, we identified participants who subsequently experienced spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks) in the index pregnancy (N = 13) and controls (N = 6). In these samples, differences in protein expression were examined by comparative mass spectrometry. In a second validation phase, we invited 100 cases with previous spontaneous preterm birth in the index pregnancy and 100 controls (matched for age, body mass index, and year of delivery) from the same source population, to a follow-up visit 4-15 years after pregnancy. At follow up, we collected plasma samples and data on cardiovascular risk factors. We measured concentrations of selected biomarkers identified in the screening phase, as well as lipid profiles in samples both from pregnancy (biobank) and follow up. CLINICALTRIALS gov registration NCT05693285. RESULTS In the screening phase, fibrinogen, cadherin-5, complement C5, factor XII, plasma kallikrein, apolipoprotein M, and vitamin D-binding protein differed significantly at pregnancy. In the validation phase, 65 women agreed to participate (35 cases and 30 controls), with a median follow-up time of 11.8 years since pregnancy. The concentration of fibrinogen (p = 0.02) and triglycerides (p = 0.03) were slightly higher in cases compared with matched controls at follow up. CONCLUSIONS Compared with women without preterm birth, those with spontaneous preterm birth had slightly higher concentrations of fibrinogen, both at mid-pregnancy and a decade after pregnancy. Additionally, we found slightly higher concentration of triglycerides at follow up in women with previous spontaneous preterm birth. The relevance of this finding is uncertain but might indicate potential pathophysiological mechanisms in common between spontaneous preterm birth and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Lager
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical ChemistryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Bertil Lindahl
- Department of Medical Sciences, CardiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research CenterUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Yang H, Zhu D, Liu Y, Xu Z, Liu Z, Zhang W, Cai J. Employing graph attention networks to decode psycho-metabolic interactions in Schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115841. [PMID: 38522150 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by intricate and underexplored interactions between psychological symptoms and metabolic health, presenting challenges in understanding the disease mechanisms and designing effective treatment strategies. To delve deeply into the complex interactions between mental and metabolic health in patients with schizophrenia, this study constructed a psycho-metabolic interaction network and optimized the Graph Attention Network (GAT). This approach reveals complex data patterns that traditional statistical analyses fail to capture. The results show that weight management and medication management play a central role in the interplay between psychiatric disorders and metabolic health. Furthermore, additional analysis revealed significant correlations between the history of psychiatric symptoms and physical health indicators, as well as the key roles of biochemical markers(e.g., triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), which have not been sufficiently emphasized in previous studies. This highlights the importance of medication management approaches, weight management, psychological treatment, and biomarker monitoring in comprehensive treatment and underscores the significance of the biopsychosocial model. This study is the first to utilize a GNN to explore the interactions between schizophrenia symptoms and metabolic features, providing new insights into understanding psychiatric disorders and guiding the development of more comprehensive treatment strategies for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Yang
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dian Zhu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - YanLi Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhiqi Xu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhao Liu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Mental Health Branch, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jun Cai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Mental Health Branch, China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Wilms JN, Kleinveld N, Ghaffari MH, Sauerwein H, Steele MA, Martín-Tereso J, Leal LN. Fat composition of milk replacer influences postprandial and oxidative metabolisms in dairy calves fed twice daily. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2818-2831. [PMID: 37923211 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Milk replacers (MR) for calves contain alternative fat sources as substitute for milk fat. This substitution leads to differences in fat properties, such as the fatty acid profile and the triglyceride structure. This study evaluated how fat composition in MR affects gastrointestinal health, blood redox parameters, and postprandial metabolism in calves fed twice daily. Forty-five individually housed male Holstein-Friesian calves (2.3 ± 0.85 d of age) were assigned to 1 of 15 blocks based on the age and the day of arrival. Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 experimental diets and received their respective diet from arrival until 35 d after arrival. The 3 experimental diets (n = 15 per treatment group) consisted of an MR with a blend of vegetable fats containing rapeseed and coconut (VG), an MR with only animal fats from lard and dairy cream (AN), and an MR containing a mixture of animal and vegetable fats including lard and coconut (MX). The fatty acid profile of each MR was formulated to resemble that of bovine milk fat while using only 2 fat sources. All MR were isoenergetic, with 30% fat (% DM), 24% crude protein, and 36% lactose. Chopped straw and water were available ad libitum from arrival onward but no starter feed was provided. Daily milk allowances were 6.0 L from d 1 to 5, 7.0 L from d 6 to 9, and 8.0 L from d 10 to 35, divided into 2 equal meals and prepared at 135 g/L (13.5% solids). Fecal appearance was scored daily; calves were weighed and blood was drawn on arrival and weekly thereafter. Urine and feces were collected over a 24-h period at wk 3 and 5 to determine apparent total-tract digestibility and assess gastrointestinal permeability using indigestible markers. Postprandial metabolism was evaluated at wk 4 by sequential blood sampling over 7.5 h, and the abomasal emptying rate was determined by acetaminophen appearance in blood. Fat composition in MR did not affect growth, MR intake, gastrointestinal permeability, nor nutrient digestibility. The percentage of calves with abnormal fecal scores was lower at wk 2 after arrival in calves fed VG than MX, whereas AN did not differ from the other treatments. Calves fed AN and MX had higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances measured in serum than VG, whereas plasma ferric-reducing ability was greater in calves fed MX than VG. Postprandial acetaminophen concentrations did not differ across treatment groups, but the area under the curve was smaller in calves fed VG than in the other 2 treatments, which is indicative of a slower abomasal emptying. Postprandial serum triglyceride concentration was greater in calves fed AN than VG, whereas MX did not differ from the other treatments. Based on these outcomes, all 3 fat blends can be considered suitable for inclusion in MR for calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Wilms
- Trouw Nutrition Research and Development, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands; Department of Animal Bioscience, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 1W2.
| | - N Kleinveld
- Trouw Nutrition Research and Development, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands; Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - M A Steele
- Department of Animal Bioscience, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 1W2
| | - J Martín-Tereso
- Trouw Nutrition Research and Development, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - L N Leal
- Trouw Nutrition Research and Development, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
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Zhao K, Zhang Y, Sui W. Association Between Whole Blood Selenium Levels and Triglyceride-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Among the General Population. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1998-2007. [PMID: 37684489 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to examine whether whole blood selenium (WBSe) levels are related to the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio among the general population. A total of 13,470 adults were included and analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. In multivariable analyses, LnWBSe levels were significantly related to Ln(TG/HDL-C) ratio in fully adjusted model (β = 0.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 0.48; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the highest quartile of LnWBSe levels was positively correlated with Ln(TG/HDL-C) ratio compared with the lowest quartile (β = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.20; P for trend < 0.001). In the dose-response analyses, the correlation was non-linear. While LnWBSe levels < 1.10, LnWBSe levels were positively related to Ln(TG/HDL-C) ratio (β = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.50; P < 0.001), whereas LnWBSe levels ≥ 1.10, the relationship was not significantly (β = - 0.20; 95% CI: - 0.54, 0.13; P = 0.228). The interaction test was significant for age, sex, total cholesterol (TC), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (all P for interaction < 0.05). Overall, WBSe levels were positively related to TG/HDL-C ratio, with a non-linear trend. Further research is required to determine these underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunsheng Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wenhai Sui
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Chen Y, Huang S, Luo B, Jiang J, Ren W, Zou K, Zhong X, Lü M, Tang X. Prediction and evaluation of a nomogram model for recurrent acute pancreatitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:554-562. [PMID: 38407842 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors for recurrent acute pancreatitis and construct the nomogram model to predict the risk of recurrent acute pancreatitis. METHODS Patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were enrolled. We collected these patients' basic information, laboratory data, imaging information. Using Logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to select risk factor for Cross-Validation Criterion. To create nomogram and validated by receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curves and decision curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 533 patients with acute pancreatitis were included, including 99 recurrent acute pancreatitis patients. The average age of recurrent acute pancreatitis patients was 49.69 years old, and 67.7% of them were male. At the same time, in all recurrent acute pancreatitis patients, hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis is the most important reason (54.5%). Regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression showed that smoking history, acute necrotic collection, triglyceride, and alcohol etiology for acute pancreatitis were identified and entered into the nomogram. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the training set was 0.747. The calibration curve showed the consistency between the nomogram model and the actual probability. CONCLUSION In conclusion, some high-risk factors like smoking history, acute necrotic collection, triglyceride, and alcohol etiology for acute pancreatitis may predict recurrent pancreatitis and their incorporation into a nomogram has high accuracy in predicting recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People' Hospital
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People' Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Bei Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Jiao Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Wensen Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Kang Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou
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Wadström BN, Pedersen KM, Wulff AB, Nordestgaard BG. Remnant Cholesterol, Not LDL Cholesterol, Explains Peripheral Artery Disease Risk Conferred by apoB: A Cohort Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1144-1155. [PMID: 38511326 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated apoB-containing lipoproteins (=remnants+LDLs [low-density lipoproteins]) are a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, including peripheral artery disease (PAD) and myocardial infarction. We tested the hypothesis that remnants and LDL both explain part of the increased risk of PAD conferred by elevated apoB-containing lipoproteins. For comparison, we also studied the risk of chronic limb-threatening ischemia and myocardial infarction. METHODS apoB, remnant cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were measured in 93 461 individuals without statin use at baseline from the Copenhagen General Population Study (2003-2015). During up to 15 years of follow-up, 1207 had PAD, 552 had chronic limb-threatening ischemia, and 2022 had myocardial infarction in the Danish National Patient Registry. Remnant and LDL cholesterol were calculated from a standard lipid profile. Remnant and LDL particle counts were additionally measured with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 25 347 of the individuals. Results were replicated in 302 167 individuals without statin use from the UK Biobank (2004-2010). RESULTS In the Copenhagen General Population Study, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for risk of PAD per 1 mmol/L (39 mg/dL) increment in remnant and LDL cholesterol were 1.9 (95% CI, 1.5-2.4) and 1.1 (95% CI, 1.0-1.2), respectively; corresponding results in the UK Biobank were 1.7 (95% CI, 1.4-2.1) and 0.9 (95% CI, 0.9-1.0), respectively. In the association from elevated apoB to increased risk of PAD, remnant and LDL cholesterol explained 73% (32%-100%) and 8% (0%-46%), respectively; corresponding results were 63% (30%-100%) and 0% (0%-33%) for risk of chronic limb-threatening ischemia and 41% (27%-55%) and 54% (38%-70%) for risk of myocardial infarction; results for remnant and LDL particle counts corroborated these findings. CONCLUSIONS PAD risk conferred by elevated apoB-containing lipoproteins was explained mainly by elevated remnants, while myocardial infarction risk was explained by both elevated remnants and LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Wadström
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper M Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders B Wulff
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Chen W, Zhang Y, Wu W, Yang H, Huang W. Machine learning-based predictive model for abdominal diseases using physical examination datasets. Comput Biol Med 2024; 173:108249. [PMID: 38531251 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal ultrasound is a key non-invasive imaging method for diagnosing liver, kidney, and gallbladder diseases, despite its clinical significance, not all individuals can undergo abdominal ultrasonography during routine health check-ups due to limitations in equipment, cost, and time. This study aims to use basic physical examination data to predict the risk of diseases of the liver, kidney, and gallbladder that can be diagnosed via abdominal ultrasound. Basic physical examination data contain gender, age, height, weight, BMI, pulse, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and uric acid-we established seven single-label predictive models and one multi-label predictive model. These models were specifically designed to predict a range of abdominal diseases. The single-label models, utilizing the XGBoost algorithm, targeted diseases such as fatty liver (with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.9344), liver deposits (AUC: 0.8221), liver cysts (AUC: 0.7928), gallbladder polyps (AUC: 0.7508), kidney stones (AUC: 0.7853), kidney cysts (AUC: 0.8241), and kidney crystals (AUC: 0.7536). Furthermore, a comprehensive multi-label model, capable of predicting multiple conditions simultaneously, was established by FCN and achieved an AUC of 0.6344. We conducted interpretability analysis on these models to enhance their understanding and applicability in clinical settings. The insights gained from this analysis are crucial for the development of targeted disease prevention strategies. This study represents a significant advancement in utilizing physical examination data to predict ultrasound results, offering a novel approach to early diagnosis and prevention of abdominal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Four Provincial Marginal Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals (Quzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital) Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, China
| | - YuJie Zhang
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weili Wu
- Four Provincial Marginal Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals (Quzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital) Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenxiu Huang
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Gholampoor N, Sharif AH, Mellor D. The effect of observing religious or faith-based fasting on cardiovascular disease risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1097-1109. [PMID: 38508992 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Fasting is common in many religions and is associated with health benefits. This systematic review to compares the impact of different religious fasting practices, on risk of cardiometabolic diseases. DATA SYNTHESIS The search covered five databases following PRISMA guidelines to identify papers published in English from inception to March 2023 (updated January 2024). Inclusion criteria were healthy adults in observational studies, who engaged in religious fasting practices, studies were included where data on matched non-fasting individuals was available. Outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and fasting plasma glucose levels. A meta-analysis was conducted, and the review was registered (CRD42022352197). Fourteen studies were met the inclusion criteria with ten studies data being suitable for meta-analysis, reporting on 755 adults participating in fasting practices and 661 non-fasting controls. Religious fasting was associated with a reduction in BMI (-0.40 kg/m2, 95% CI [-0.70, -0.10], p < 0.01). Observance of Ramadan fasting was associated with decreased systolic blood pressure (-3.83 mmHg, 95% CI [-7.44, -0.23], p = 0.04). The observance of Orthodox Christian fasting was associated with a reduction in TC (-0.52 mmoL/l, 95%CI [-0.64, -0.39], p < 0.01). No difference was found for the other outcomes. CONCLUSION This review found religious fasting practices which were associated with a reduction in some biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases risk. Further research on other fasting practices is needed due to limited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Gholampoor
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Duane Mellor
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Kumar K, Lodha R, Jat KR, Jain V, Kabra SK. Prevalence of Metabolic Abnormalities and their Association with Asthma Symptom Control in Children. Indian J Pediatr 2024; 91:434-440. [PMID: 37470958 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MS) in children with asthma, aged 10 to 15 y, and to determine if these metabolic abnormalities showed an association with asthma symptom control and lung function. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary centre in north India. Consecutive children with physician diagnosed asthma were enrolled. Asthma symptom control over previous four weeks was assessed as per Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations. Fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin and lipid levels were estimated. Homeostasis Model Assessment- Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used as a marker of IR. Spirometry was performed for assessing lung function. RESULTS Eighty-three children were enrolled. Median (IQR) age was 12.0 (11.0, 13.5) y and mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) Z score was -0.42 (1.0). Median (IQR) HOMA-IR was 1.65 (1.06, 2.39). Prevalence of IR was 42.3% (95% CI: 31.7-52.9%). Number of children with elevated triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was 4 (4.8%), 4 (4.8%) and 5 (6%), respectively. Sixty-seven (80.7%) children had low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. Only one subject was found to have metabolic syndrome. Presence of IR and elevation in serum insulin and triglycerides were associated with poorer asthma control, independent of BMI. None of the metabolic parameters were associated with lung function, after adjusting for height. CONCLUSIONS Among children with asthma, aged 10 to 15 y, the prevalence of IR was 42.3% (95% CI: 31.7-52.9%). Elevated serum insulin, triglycerides, and presence of IR were associated with poorer asthma control, after adjusting for BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Lodha
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Kana Ram Jat
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushil K Kabra
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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McGraw KJ, de Souza Penha VA. Using point-of-care devices to examine covariation among blood nutritional-physiological parameters and their relationships with poxvirus infection, habitat urbanization, and male plumage coloration in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus). J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2024; 341:440-449. [PMID: 38385786 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of inexpensive and portable point-of-care devices for measuring nutritional physiological parameters from blood (e.g., glucose, ketones) has accelerated our understanding and assessment of real-time variation in human health, but these have infrequently been tested or implemented in wild animals, especially in relation to other key biological or fitness-related traits. Here we used point-of-care devices to measure blood levels of glucose, ketones, uric acid, and triglycerides in free-ranging house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus)-a common songbird in North America that has been well-studied in the context of urbanization, nutrition, health, and sexual selection-during winter and examined (1) repeatability of these methods for evaluating blood levels in these wild passerines, (2) intercorrelations among these measurements within individuals, (3) how blood nutritional-physiology metrics related to a bird's body condition, habitat of origin (urban vs. suburban), poxvirus infection, and sex; and (4) if the expression of male sexually selected plumage coloration was linked to any of the nutritional-physiological metrics. All blood-nutritional parameters were repeatable. Also, there was significant positive covariation between concentrations of circulating triglycerides and glucose and triglycerides and uric acid. Urban finches had higher blood glucose concentrations than suburban finches, and pox-infected individuals had lower blood triglyceride concentrations than uninfected ones. Last, redder males had higher blood glucose, but lower uric acid levels. These results demonstrate that point-of-care devices can be useful, inexpensive ways of measuring real-time variation in the nutritional physiology of wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J McGraw
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Victor Aguiar de Souza Penha
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Organismal and Evolutionary Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Li Y, Sun X, Wang M, Jiang Y, Ge QQ, Li T, Hou Z, Shi P, Yao K, Yin J. Meta-analysis and machine learning reveal the antiobesity effects of melatonin on obese rodents. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13701. [PMID: 38311366 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin appears to be a promising supplement for obesity treatment. The antiobesity effects of melatonin on obese rodents are influenced by various factors, including the species, sex, the dosage of melatonin, treatment duration, administration via, daily treatment time, and initial body weight (IBW). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and machine learning study to evaluate the antiobesity effect of melatonin on obese mice or rats from 31 publications. The results showed that melatonin significantly reduced body weight, serum glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and cholesterol (TC) levels in obese mice or rats but increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Melatonin showed a slight positive effect on clock-related genes, although the number of studies was limited. Meta-regression analysis and machine learning indicated that the dosage of melatonin was the primary factor influencing body weight, with higher melatonin dosages leading to a stronger weight reduction effect. Together, male obese C57BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats with an IBW of 100-200 g showed better body weight reduction when supplemented with a dose of 10-30 mg/kg melatonin administered at night via injection for 5-8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xihang Sun
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Mansheng Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yayun Jiang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Qian Ge
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenping Hou
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Pengjun Shi
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Silva IR, Souza MACE, Machado RR, Oliveira RBD, Leite EA, César IDC. Enhancing oral bioavailability of an antifungal thiazolylhydrazone derivative: Development and characterization of a self-emulsifying drug delivery system. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124011. [PMID: 38493843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
RN104 (2-[2-(cyclohexylmethylene)hydrazinyl)]-4-phenylthiazole) is a thiazolylhydrazone derivative with prominent antifungal activity. This work aimed to develop a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) loaded with RN104 to improve its biopharmaceutical properties and enhance its oral bioavailability. Medium chain triglycerides, sorbitan monooleate, and polysorbate 80 were selected as components for the SEDDS formulation based on solubility determination and a pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The formulation was optimized using the central composite design in response surface methodology. The optimized condition consisted of medium chain triglycerides, sorbitan monooleate, and polysorbate 80 in a mass ratio of 65.5:23.0:11.5, achieving maximum drug loading (10 mg/mL) and minimum particle size (118.4 ± 0.7 nm). The developed RN104-SEDDS was fully characterized using dynamic light scattering, in vitro release studies, stability assessments, polarized light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in mice demonstrated that RN104-SEDDS significantly improved oral bioavailability compared to free RN104 (the relative bioavailability was 2133 %). These results clearly indicated the successful application of SEDDS to improve the pharmacokinetic profile and to enhance the oral bioavailability of RN104, substantiating its potential as a promising antifungal drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Rinco Silva
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mateus Araújo Castro E Souza
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renes Resende Machado
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Barbosa de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elaine Amaral Leite
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela da Costa César
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Szarek M, Bhatt DL, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM, Mason RP, Ketchum SB, Lira Pineda A, Doyle RT, Steg PG. Lipoprotein(a) Blood Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction With Icosapent Ethyl. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1529-1539. [PMID: 38530686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) concentrations are associated with increased cardiovascular event risk even in the presence of well-controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but few treatments are documented to reduce this residual risk. OBJECTIVES The aim of this post hoc analysis of REDUCE-IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial) was to explore the cardiovascular benefit of icosapent ethyl (IPE) across a range of Lp(a) levels. METHODS A total of 8,179 participants receiving statin therapy with established cardiovascular disease or age ≥50 years with diabetes and ≥1 additional risk factor, fasting triglyceride 1.69 to 5.63 mmol/L, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 1.06 to 2.59 mmol/L were randomized to receive 2 g twice daily of IPE or matching placebo. Relationships between continuous baseline Lp(a) mass concentration and risk for first and total (first and subsequent) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were analyzed, along with the effects of IPE on first MACE among those with Lp(a) concentrations ≥50 or <50 mg/dL. RESULTS Among 7,026 participants (86% of those randomized) with baseline Lp(a) assessments, the median concentration was 11.6 mg/dL (Q1-Q3: 5.0-37.4 mg/dL). Lp(a) had significant relationships with first and total MACE (P < 0.0001), while event reductions with IPE did not vary across the range of Lp(a) (interaction P > 0.10). IPE significantly reduced first MACE in subgroups with concentrations ≥50 and <50 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS Baseline Lp(a) concentration was prognostic for MACE among participants with elevated triglyceride levels receiving statin therapy. Importantly, IPE consistently reduced MACE across a range of Lp(a) levels, including among those with clinically relevant elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Szarek
- Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; CPC Clinical Research, Aurora, Colorado, USA; State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Department of Medicine, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Terry A Jacobson
- Lipid Clinic and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Program, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ph Gabriel Steg
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM-UMR1148, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, and Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Blaha MJ, Bhatia HS. Lipoprotein(a), Residual Cardiovascular Risk, and the Search for Targeted Therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1540-1542. [PMID: 38537912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.03.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Harpreet S Bhatia
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Cai D, Xiao T, Chen Q, Gu Q, Wang Y, Ji Y, Sun L, Wei J, Wang Q. Association between triglyceride glucose and acute kidney injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a propensity score‑matched analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:216. [PMID: 38643093 PMCID: PMC11031878 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) often indicates a poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of AKI in patients with AMI. METHODS Data were taken from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) database. A 1:3 propensity score (PS) was set to match patients in the AKI and non-AKI groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and subgroup analysis were performed to assess the association between TyG index and AKI. RESULTS Totally, 1831 AMI patients were included, of which 302 (15.6%) had AKI. The TyG level was higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (9.30 ± 0.71 mg/mL vs. 9.03 ± 0.73 mg/mL, P < 0.001). Compared to the lowest quartile of TyG levels, quartiles 3 or 4 had a higher risk of AKI, respectively (Odds Ratiomodel 4 = 2.139, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.382-3.310, for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, Ptrend < 0.001). The risk of AKI increased by 34.4% when the TyG level increased by 1 S.D. (OR: 1.344, 95% CI: 1.150-1.570, P < 0.001). The TyG level was non-linearly associated with the risk of AKI in the population within a specified range. After 1:3 propensity score matching, the results were similar and the TyG level remained a risk factor for AKI in patients with AMI. CONCLUSION High levels of TyG increase the risk of AKI in AMI patients. The TyG level is a predictor of AKI risk in AMI patients, and can be used for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Qianwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Qingqing Gu
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China.
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 220005, China.
| | - Qingjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China.
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Omaña-Guzmán I, Ortiz-Hernández L, Ancira-Moreno M, Godines-Enriquez M, O'Neill M, Vadillo-Ortega F. Association between maternal cardiometabolic markers and fetal growth in non-complicated pregnancies: a secondary analysis of the PRINCESA cohort. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9096. [PMID: 38643289 PMCID: PMC11032337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal cardiometabolic markers trajectories (glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) with estimated fetal weight trajectories and birth weight in Mexican pregnant women without medical complications. Cardiometabolic marker trajectories were characterized using group-based trajectory models. Mixed-effect and linear regression models were estimated to assess the association of maternal trajectories with estimated fetal weight and birth weight. The final sample comprised 606 mother-child dyads. Two trajectory groups of maternal cardiometabolic risk indicators during pregnancy were identified (high and low). Fetuses from women with higher values of TG had higher weight gain during pregnancy ( β ^ = 24.00 g; 95%CI: 12.9, 35.3), were heavier at the sixth month ( β ^ =48.24 g; 95%CI: 7.2, 89.7) and had higher birth weight ( β ^ = 89.08 g; 95%CI: 20.8, 157.4) than fetuses in the low values trajectory. Fetuses from mothers with high SBP and DBP had less weight in the sixth month of pregnancy ( β ^ = - 42.4 g; 95%CI: - 82.7, - 2.1 and β ^ = - 50.35 g; 95%CI: - 94.2, - 6.4), and a higher DBP trajectory was associated with lower birth weight ( β ^ = - 101.48 g; 95%CI: - 176.5, - 26.4). In conclusion, a longitudinal exposition to high values of TG and BP was associated with potentially adverse effects on fetal growth. These findings support the potential modulation of children's phenotype by maternal cardiometabolic conditions in pregnancies without medical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Omaña-Guzmán
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, 14610, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ortiz-Hernández
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Marie O'Neill
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Felipe Vadillo-Ortega
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica de la Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, 14610, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico.
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zhang W, Huo W, Hu H, Li T, Yuan L, Zhang J, Feng Y, Wu Y, Fu X, Ke Y, Wang M, Wang L, Chen Y, Gao Y, Li X, Sun L, Pang J, Zheng Z, Hu F, Zhang M, Liu Y, Hu D, Zhao Y. Dose-response associations of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and triglyceride-glucose index with arterial stiffness risk. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:115. [PMID: 38643148 PMCID: PMC11031917 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index are novel indexes for insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to evaluate associations of TG/HDL-C and TyG with arterial stiffness risk. METHODS We enrolled 1979 participants from the Rural Chinese Cohort Study, examining arterial stiffness by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Logistic and linear regression models were employed to calculate effect estimates. For meta-analysis, we searched relevant articles from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to August 26, 2023. The fixed-effects or random-effects models were used to calculate the pooled estimates. We evaluated dose-response associations using restricted cubic splines. RESULTS For cross-sectional studies, the adjusted ORs (95%CIs) for arterial stiffness were 1.12 (1.01-1.23) and 1.78 (1.38-2.30) for per 1 unit increment in TG/HDL-C and TyG. In the meta-analysis, the pooled ORs (95% CIs) were 1.26 (1.14-1.39) and 1.57 (1.36-1.82) for per 1 unit increment of TG/HDL-C and TyG. Additionally, both TG/HDL-C and TyG were positively related to PWV, with β of 0.09 (95% CI 0.04-0.14) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.35-0.78) m/s. We also found linear associations of TG/HDL-C and TyG with arterial stiffness risk. CONCLUSIONS High TG/HDL-C and TyG were related to increased arterial stiffness risk, indicating TG/HDL-C and TyG may be convincing predictors of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianze Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueru Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamin Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longkang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaobing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Pang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqiang Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, school of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, school of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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Yu X, Dou S, Lu L, Wang M, Li Z, Wang D. Relationship between lipid metabolism, coagulation and other blood indices and etiology and staging of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis: a multivariate logistic regression-based analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:251. [PMID: 38643101 PMCID: PMC11031896 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the relationship between lipid metabolism, coagulation function, and bone metabolism and the contributing factor and staging of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis, and to further investigate the factors influencing the blood indicators related to the staging of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis. METHODS The medical records of patients with femoral head necrosis were retrieved from the inpatient medical record management system, and the lipid metabolism, bone metabolism, and coagulation indices of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis (including alcoholic, hormonal, and idiopathic group) were obtained according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein (B), Apolipoprotein (E), Uric Acid, Alkaline Phosphatase, Bone-specific Alkaline Phosphatase, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, Prothrombin Time, D-dimer, Platelet count. The relationship between these blood indices and the different stages under different causative factors was compared, and the factors influencing the stages of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS (i) Gender, Age and BMI stratification, Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Non-High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein (B), Apolipoprotein (E), Uric Acid, Bone-specific Alkaline Phosphatase, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, Plasminogen Time, D-dimer, and Platelet count of the alcohol group were statistically different when compared among the different ARCO staging groups; (ii) The differences in Age and BMI stratification, Triglycerides, Non-High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein B, Apolipoprotein E, Uric Acid, Bone-specific Alkaline Phosphatase, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, Plasminogen Time, D-dimer, and Platelet count were statistically significant when compared among the different phases in the hormone group (P < 0.05); (iii) The differences in Age and BMI stratification, Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein (B), Apolipoprotein (E), Uric Acid, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, D-dimer, and Platelet count were statistically significant when compared among the different stages in the idiopathic group (P < 0.05); (v) Statistically significant indicators were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis, excluding the highly correlated bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and the results showed that Low-density lipoprotein was negatively correlated with changes in the course of ARCO, and Non-High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo B, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, and Platelet count were significantly and positively correlated with disease progression. CONCLUSION An abnormal hypercoagulable state as well as an abnormal hyperlipidemic state are risk factors for the progression of non-traumatic femoral head necrosis under various exposure factors, as indicated by Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Apolipoprotein B, Activated Fractional Thromboplastin Time, and Platelet Counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Yu
- The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 252000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Shilu Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Liaodong Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Zhongfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 252000, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
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Su P, Chen C, Pang L, Wu K, Sun Y. Effects of quercetin on polycystic ovary syndrome in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:46. [PMID: 38637876 PMCID: PMC11025171 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin is an insulin sensitizer that is widely used for the treatment of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. However, metformin can cause gastrointestinal side effects. PURPOSE This study showed that the effects of quercetin are comparable to those of metformin. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of quercetin in treating PCOS. METHODS The present systematic search of the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Information Site, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), SinoMed, Web of Science, and PubMed databases was performed from inception until February 2024. The methodological quality was then assessed by SYRCLE's risk of bias tool, and the data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with those in the model group, quercetin in the PCOS group had significant effects on reducing fasting insulin serum (FIS) levels (P = 0.0004), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (P = 0.01), HOMA-IR levels (P < 0.00001), cholesterol levels (P < 0.0001), triglyceride levels (P = 0.001), testosterone (T) levels (P < 0.00001), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels (P = 0.0003), the luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio (P = 0.01), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels (P < 0.00001), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P = 0.03), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels (P = 0.01) and GLUT4 mRNA expression (P < 0.00001). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that quercetin has positive effects on PCOS treatment. Quercetin can systematically reduce insulin, blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in metabolic pathways. In the endocrine pathway, quercetin can regulate the function of the pituitary-ovarian axis, reduce testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and lower the ratio of LH to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Quercetin can regulate the expression of the GLUT4 gene and has antioxidative effects at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Su
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Pang
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Bazyar H, Zare Javid A, Masoudi MR, Haidari F, Heidari Z, Hajializadeh S, Aghamohammadi V, Vajdi M. Assessing the predictive value of insulin resistance indices for metabolic syndrome risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8917. [PMID: 38632455 PMCID: PMC11024148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59659-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited research has explored the effectiveness of insulin resistance (IR) in forecasting metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk, especially within the Iranian population afflicted with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present investigation aimed to assess the efficacy of IR indices in predicting the risk of MetS among T2DM patients. Convenient sampling was utilized to select four hundred subjects with T2DM. Metabolic factors and IR indices, including the Waist Circumference-Triglyceride Index (WTI), Triglyceride and Glucose Index (TyG index), the product of TyG index and abdominal obesity indices, and the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), were evaluated. Logistic regression, coupled with modeling, was employed to explore the risk of MetS. The predictive performance of the indices for MetS stratified by sex was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and estimation of the area under the curve (AUC) values. The TyG-Waist Circumference (TyG-WC) index exhibited the largest AUCs in both males (0.91) and females (0.93), while the TyG-Body Mass Index (TyG-BMI) demonstrated the smallest AUCs (0.77 in males and 0.74 in females). All indices significantly predicted the risk of MetS in all subjects before and after adjustment (p < 0.001 for all). The TyG-WC index demonstrated the highest odds ratios for MetS (8.06, 95% CI 5.41-12.00). In conclusion, all IR indices assessed in this study effectively predicted the risk of MetS among Iranian patients with T2DM, with the TyG-WC index emerging as the most robust predictor across both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Bazyar
- Student Research Committee, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
- Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zare Javid
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Haidari
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zeinab Heidari
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mehdi Vajdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Shen Y, Wei C, Taishi Y, Zhang G, Su Z, Zhao P, Wang Y, Li M, Ji Y, Sun L. Association between the circulating very long-chain saturated fatty acid and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the NHANES. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1061. [PMID: 38627688 PMCID: PMC11022414 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related cognitive decline has a significant impact on the health and longevity of older adults. Circulating very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) may actively contribute to the improvement of cognitive function. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between arachidic acid (20:0), docosanoic acid (22:0), tricosanoic acid (23:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0) with cognitive function in older adults. METHODS This study used a dataset derived from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 806 adults (≥ 60 years) were included who underwent comprehensive cognitive testing and plasma fatty acid measurements. Multivariable linear regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and interaction analyses were used to assess associations between VLSFAs and cognitive function. Partial Spearman' s correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations between VLSFAs and palmitic acid (16:0), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, systemic inflammatory markers, and dietary nutrients. RESULTS Multivariable linear regression analysis, adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical conditions, and lifestyle factors, showed that 22:0 and 24:0 levels were positively associated with better global cognitive function (β = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01, 0.73; β = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.29, 1.2, respectively) as well as better CEARD-DR Z-score (β = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.36, 1.3 and β = 1.2, 95% CI = 0.63, 1.8, respectively). RCS analysis showed linear associations between higher 22:0 and 24:0 levels and better cognitive performance in both global cognitive function and CERAD-DR tests. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that higher levels of 22:0 and 24:0 are associated with better global cognitive function in older adults. 22:0 and 24:0 may be important biomarkers for recognizing cognitive impairment, and supplementation with specific VLSFAs (22:0 and 24:0) may be an important intervention to improve cognitive function. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms between VLSFAs and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yezi Taishi
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhan Su
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingshi Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1#, 130021, Changchun, China.
- Cognitive Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Li B, Li M, Qi X, Tong T, Zhang G. The causal associations of circulating lipids with Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Cancer: a bi-directional, two sample mendelian randomization analysis. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:37. [PMID: 38627859 PMCID: PMC11020202 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The causal associations of circulating lipids with Barrett's Esophagus (BE) and Esophageal Cancer (EC) has been a topic of debate. This study sought to elucidate the causality between circulating lipids and the risk of BE and EC. METHODS We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of circulating lipids (n = 94,595 - 431,167 individuals), BE (218,792 individuals), and EC (190,190 individuals) obtained from the publicly available IEU OpenGWAS database. The robustness and reliability of the results were ensured by employing inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods. The presence of horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of instrumental variables were assessed through MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. Additionally, bidirectional MR and multivariable MR (MVMR) were performed to explore reverse causality and adjust for known confounders, respectively. RESULTS None of the testing methods revealed statistically significant horizontal pleiotropy, directional pleiotropy, or heterogeneity. Univariate MR analyses using IVW indicated a robust causal relationship between increased triglycerides and BE (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79, p-value = 0.009), while no significant association with EC was observed. Inverse MR analysis indicated no evidence of reverse causality in the aforementioned outcomes. In MVMR analyses, elevated triglycerides (TRG) were significantly and positively associated with BE risk (OR = 1.79, p-value = 0.041). CONCLUSION This MR study suggested that genetically increased triglycerides were closely related to an elevated risk of BE, potentially serving as a biomarker for the diagnosis of BE in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xiao Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Ti Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Guangxin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Su C, Wan S, Ding J, Ni G, Ding H. Blood lipids mediate the effects of gut microbiome on endometriosis: a mendelian randomization study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:110. [PMID: 38627726 PMCID: PMC11020997 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence for an association between the gut microbiome and endometriosis. However, their causal relationship and the mediating role of lipid metabolism remain unclear. METHODS Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationships between gut microbiome and endometriosis. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary model, with other MR models used for comparison. Sensitivity analysis based on different statistical assumptions was used to evaluate whether the results were robust. A two-step MR analysis was further conducted to explore the mediating effects of lipids, by integrating univariable MR and the multivariate MR method based on the Bayesian model averaging method (MR-BMA). RESULTS We identified four possible intestinal bacteria genera associated with the risk of endometriosis through the IVW method, including Eubacterium ruminantium group (odds ratio [OR] = 0.881, 95% CI: 0.795-0.976, P = 0.015), Anaerotruncus (OR = 1.252, 95% CI: 1.028-1.525, P = 0.025), Olsenella (OR = 1.110, 95% CI: 1.007-1.223, P = 0.036), and Oscillospira (OR = 1.215, 95% CI: 1.014-1.456, P = 0.035). The further two-step MR analysis identified that the effect of Olsenella on endometriosis was mediated by triglycerides (proportion mediated: 3.3%; 95% CI = 1.5-5.1%). CONCLUSION This MR study found evidence for specific gut microbiomes associated with the risk of endometriosis, which might partially be mediated by triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wuhu, China
| | - Su Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jin Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Guantai Ni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Huafeng Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wuhu, China.
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Weon B, Jang Y, Jo J, Jin W, Ha S, Ko A, Oh YK, Lim CS, Lee JP, Won S, Lee J. Association between dyslipidemia and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease affected by genetic susceptibility: Polygenic risk score analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299605. [PMID: 38626061 PMCID: PMC11020804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of dyslipidemia on kidney disease outcomes has been inconclusive, and it requires further clarification. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of genetic factors on the association between dyslipidemia and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) using polygenic risk score (PRS). METHODS We analyzed data from 373,523 participants from the UK Biobank aged 40-69 years with no history of CKD. Baseline data included plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride, as well as genome-wide genotype data for PRS. Our primary outcome, incident CKD, was defined as a composite of estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and CKD diagnosis according to International Classification of Disease-10 codes. The effects of the association between lipid levels and PRS on incident CKD were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. To investigate the effect of this association, we introduced multiplicative interaction terms into a multivariate analysis model and performed subgroup analysis stratified by PRS tertiles. RESULTS In total, 4,424 participants developed CKD. In the multivariable analysis, PRS was significantly predictive of the risk of incident CKD as both a continuous variable and a categorized variable. In addition, lower total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and higher triglyceride levels were significantly associated with the risk of incident CKD. There were interactions between triglycerides and intermediate and high PRS, and the interactions were inversely associated with the risk of incident CKD. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that PRS presented significant predictive power for incident CKD and individuals in the low-PRS group had a higher risk of triglyceride-related incident CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Weon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jinyeon Jo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute of Health & Environment, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wencheng Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seounguk Ha
- Korea Medical Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Rexsoft Corporation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Institute of Health & Environment, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Paydaş Hataysal E, Körez MK, Yeşildal F, İşman FK. A comparative evaluation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol estimation: Machine learning algorithms versus various equations. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117853. [PMID: 38461864 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the critical importance of Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in determining cardiovascular risk, it is essential to measure LDL-C accurately. Since the Friedewald formula generates incorrect predictions in many circumstances, new equations have been developed to overcome the Friedewald equations' shortcomings. This study aimed to compare estimated LDL-C with directly measured LDL-C (dLDL-C), as well as their performance in predicting LDL-C, utilizing Friedewald, extended Martin-Hopkins, Sampson, de Cordova, and Vujovic formulas and five machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHODS A total of 29,504 samples from the ISLAB-2 Core Laboratory were included in the study. All statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.1.2. Statistical Language. RESULTS Bayesian-Regularized Neural Network (BRNN) (r = 0.957) and Random Forest (RF) (r = 0.957) algorithms showed a higher correlation with dLDL-C than the other equations in all-testing dataset. All ML algorithms demonstrated less bias than pre-existing LDL-C equations with dLDL-C and outperformed the LDL-C estimation equations in terms of concordance in all-testing dataset. CONCLUSIONS The results of our research indicate that when compared to conventional equations, ML algorithms are much more effective in predicting LDL-C. ML algorithms, aided by a vast dataset, could have the capability to predict LDL-C levels even in cases where triglyceride levels are high, unlike the limited usage of Friedewald formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Paydaş Hataysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Muslu Kazım Körez
- Department of Biostatistics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yeşildal
- Department of Biochemistry, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Kemal İşman
- Department of Biochemistry, Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhang J, Liu Z, Ni Y, Yu Y, Guo F, Lu Y, Wang X, Hao H, Li S, Wei P, Yu W, Hu W. Branched-chain amino acids promote occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease dependent on triglyceride metabolism via activation of the mTOR/SREBP-1/betatrophin pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 584:112164. [PMID: 38262527 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is associated with triglyceride (TG) metabolism and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. This study included 1302 subjects and followed for 4-5 years. A hyperbranched-chain aminoacidemia rat model was induced by high fructose diet (HFTD). The relationship between BCAAs and TG level and its regulatory mechanism was investigated in vitro. As results, as baseline BCAA percentile increased, subjects had higher prevalence and incidence of T2DM, NAFLD, and CVD risk (P < 0.05). In animal model, the accumulation of BCAAs and TG and betatrophin expression were significantly elevated in the HFTD group when comparing with those in the SD group(P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence and Masson's trichrome staining revealed that the area of interstitial fibrosis was significantly increased in the HFTD group compared with control group. Met treatment significantly decreased TG levels and betatrophin expression and reversed myocardial fibrosis (P < 0.05). In vitro, LO2 cells, stimulated with 0.1-5 mM BCAAs, displayed a significant dose-dependent increase in betatrophin expression (P < 0.05). And 5 mM BCAAs stimulation significantly increased the p-mTOR and SREBP-1 expression (P < 0.05). However, this effect could be reversed by using the corresponding inhibitor or siRNAs. In conclusions, BCAAs promote occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease dependent on TG metabolism via activation of the mTOR/SREBP-1/betatrophin pathway. The study provides a new theory for the pathogenesis of CVD caused by amino acid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Yaojun Ni
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical College and Huai'an First People's Hospital, No. 6, Beijing West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, 223021, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Yanwen Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Hairong Hao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Shayan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Pan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Weinan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, No. 62, Huaihai South Road, Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an, 223002, China.
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Kim KY, Heo YJ, Ko JM, Lee YA, Shin CH, Ki CS, Lee YJ. Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: case reports of siblings with deletions of the GPIHBP1 gene. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:47. [PMID: 38622573 PMCID: PMC11017581 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare monogenic form of severe hypertriglyceridemia, caused by mutations in genes involved in triglyceride metabolism. Herein, we report the case of a Korean family with familial chylomicronemia syndrome caused by compound heterozygous deletions of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1). CASE PRESENTATION A 4-year-old boy was referred for the evaluation of severe hypertriglyceridemia (3734 mg/dL) that was incidentally detected 4 months prior. His elder brother also demonstrated an elevated triglyceride level of 2133 mg/dL at the age of 9. Lipoprotein electrophoresis revealed the presence of chylomicrons, an increase in the proportion of pre-beta lipoproteins, and low serum lipoprotein lipase levels. The patient's parents and first elder brother had stable lipid profiles. For suspected FCS, genetic testing was performed using the next-generation sequencing-based analysis of 31 lipid metabolism-associated genes, which revealed no pathogenic variants. However, copy number variant screening using sequencing depth information suggested large heterozygous deletion encompassing all the coding exons of GPIHBP1. A real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to validate the deletion site. The results showed that the siblings had two heterozygous copy number variants consisting of the whole gene and an exon 4 deletion, each inherited from their parents. During the follow-up period of 17 months, the patient did not develop pancreatitis, following dietary intervention. CONCLUSION These siblings' case of familial chylomicronemia syndrome caused by rare GPIHBP1 deletions highlight the implementation of copy number variants-beyond next-generation sequencing-as an important consideration in diagnosis. Accurate genetic diagnosis is necessary to establish the etiology of severe hypertriglyceridemia, which increases the risk of pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - You Joung Heo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Yang J, Li Y, Huang J, Lai J, Chen X, Xia W, Wang Y. Effect of oesophagectomy on lipid profiles in patients with oesophageal cancer combined with hyperlipidaemia: a retrospective study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:108. [PMID: 38622571 PMCID: PMC11017670 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery is widely regarded as a pivotal therapeutic approach for treating oesophageal cancer, and clinical observations have revealed that many oesophageal cancer patients also present with concomitant hyperlipidaemia. It is surprising that few studies have been performed to determine how blood lipid levels are affected by oesophageal cancer resection. This research was designed to assess the influence of oesophageal cancer resection on lipid profiles among individuals diagnosed with both oesophageal cancer and hyperlipidaemia. METHODS A retrospective analysis was carried out on 110 patients with hyperlipidaemia and oesophageal cancer who had undergone oesophagectomy at the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Preoperative and postoperative serological data were collected at seven-, thirty-, sixty-day-, and one-year-long intervals. Changes in lipid levels were compared, the remission of various types of hyperlipidaemia was statistically assessed, and Pearson correlation was used to analyse the association between lipid changes and preoperative body weight. The research sought to assess the reduction in body weight and the proportion of body weight lost one year following surgery. RESULTS Noteworthy decreases were observed in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, with TC decreasing from 6.20 mmol/L to 5.20 mmol/L, TG decreasing from 1.40 mmol/L to 1.20 mmol/L, and LDL decreasing from 4.50 mmol/L to 3.30 mmol/L. Conversely, there was a notable increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which increased from 1.20 mmol/L to 1.40 mmol/L (P < 0.05) compared to the preoperative levels. Notably, the remission rates for mixed hyperlipidaemia (60.9%) and high cholesterol (60.0%) were considerably greater than those for high triglycerides (16.2%). Alterations in TC at one year postoperatively correlated with preoperative weight and weight loss (r = 0.315, -0.216); changes in TG correlated with preoperative weight, percentage of total weight loss (TWL%), and weight reduction (r = -0.295, -0.246, 0.320); and changes in LDL correlated with preoperative weight, TWL%, and weight loss (r = 0.251, 0.186, and -0.207). Changes in non-high-density lipoprotein(non-HDL) were linked to preoperative weight (r = 0.300), and changes in TG/HDL were correlated with preoperative weight and TWL% (r = -0.424, -0.251). CONCLUSIONS Oesophagectomy significantly improved lipid profiles in oesophageal cancer patients, potentially leading to a reduction in overall cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Forc, PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Jialei Huang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Jiabin Lai
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangrui Chen
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxuan Xia
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University & Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University & The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, No.156 North West Second Ring Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, P.R. China.
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Sun M, Liu M, Zhang F, Sang L, Song Y, Li P, Liu S, Yang H, Ma L, Cao J, Mi W, Ma Y. Triglyceride-glucose index predicts postoperative delirium in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:107. [PMID: 38622624 PMCID: PMC11017528 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium (POD) is more prevalent among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin resistance (IR) can be assessed using the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel biomarker. This study aims to investigate the predictive potential of the TyG index for POD in elderly patients with T2DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Elderly patients (≥ 65) with T2DM who underwent non-neurosurgery and non-cardiac surgery were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between the TyG index and POD. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed to compare the sex-specific differences in the predictive ability of the TyG index for POD. RESULTS A total of 4566 patients were included in this retrospective cohort. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the optimal cut-off value for the TyG index to be 8.678. In the univariate model, a TyG index > 8.678 exhibited an odds ratio (OR) of 1.668 (95% CI: 1.210-2.324, P = 0.002) for predicting POD. In the multivariate regression models, the ORs were 1.590 (95% CI: 1.133-2.252, P < 0.008), 1.661 (95% CI: 1.199-2.325, P < 0.003), and 1.603 (95% CI: 1.137-2.283, P = 0.008) for different models. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the predictive ability of the TyG index was more pronounced in females compared to males. CONCLUSION The TyG index shows promise as a novel biomarker for predicting the occurrence of POD in elderly surgical patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
- Nation Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Liu
- Nation Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Faqiang Zhang
- Nation Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lijuan Sang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huikai Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Libin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiangbei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Weidong Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Nation Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yulong Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Nation Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Zhang Q, Shen X, Yuan X, Huang J, Zhu Y, Zhu T, Zhang T, Wu H, Wu Q, Fan Y, Ni J, Meng L, He A, Shi C, Li H, Hu Q, Wang J, Chang C, Huang F, Li F, Chen M, Liu A, Ye S, Zheng M, Fang H. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein resists hepatic oxidative stress by regulating lipid droplet homeostasis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3213. [PMID: 38615060 PMCID: PMC11016120 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced lipid accumulation is mediated by lipid droplets (LDs) homeostasis, which sequester vulnerable unsaturated triglycerides into LDs to prevent further peroxidation. Here we identify the upregulation of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and its trafficking through LDs as a mechanism for modulating LD homeostasis in response to oxidative stress. Our results suggest that LBP induces lipid accumulation by controlling lipid-redox homeostasis through its lipid-capture activity, sorting unsaturated triglycerides into LDs. N-acetyl-L-cysteine treatment reduces LBP-mediated triglycerides accumulation by phospholipid/triglycerides competition and Peroxiredoxin 4, a redox state sensor of LBP that regulates the shuttle of LBP from LDs. Furthermore, chronic stress upregulates LBP expression, leading to insulin resistance and obesity. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the role of LBP in regulating LD homeostasis and against cellular peroxidative injury. These insights could inform the development of redox-based therapies for alleviating oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilun Zhang
- Laboratory of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xuting Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Tengteng Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Haibo Wu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, China
| | - Yinguang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Leilei Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Anyuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China
| | - Chaowei Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fan Huang
- Organ Transplantation Center, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, China
| | - Anding Liu
- Experimental Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Shandong Ye
- Laboratory of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Mao Zheng
- Laboratory of Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Haoshu Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China.
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Chen L, Rong C, Ma P, Li Y, Deng X, Hua M. A new equation for estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration based on machine learning. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37766. [PMID: 38608093 PMCID: PMC11018185 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a crucial marker of cardiovascular system damage. In the Chinese population, the estimation of LDL-C concentration by Friedewald, Martin-Hopkins or Sampson equations is not accurate. The aim of this study was to develop a group of new equations for calculating LDL-C concentration using machine learning techniques and to evaluate their efficacy. A total of 182,901 patient samples were collected with standard lipid panel measurements. These samples were collated and randomly divided into a training set and a test set. In the training set, a new equation was constructed using polynomial ridge-regression and compared to the Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins and extended Martin/Hopkins, or Sampson equations in the test set. Subsequently, an additional set of 17,285 patient samples were collected to evaluate the performance of the new equation in clinical practice. The new equation, a ternary cubic equation, was accurate and easy to use, with a goodness-of-fit R2 of 0.9815 and an uncertainty MSE of 37.4250 on the testing set. The difference between the calculated value by the new equation and the measured value of LDL-C was small (0.0424 ± 5.1161 vs Friedewald equation: -13.3647 ± 17.9198, vs Martin/Hopkins and extended Martin/Hopkins equation: -6.4737 ± 8.1036, vs Sampson equation: -8.9252 ± 12.6522, P < .001). It could accurately calculate LDL-C concentration even at high triglyceride and low LDL-C. Furthermore, the new equation could also precisely calculate LDL-C concentration in actual clinical use (R2 = 0.9780, MSE = 24.8482). The new equation developed in this study can accurately calculate LDL-C concentration within the full concentration range of triglyceride and LDL-C, and can serve as a supplement to the direct determination of LDL-C concentration for the prevention, treatment, evaluation, and monitoring of atherosclerotic diseases, compared to the Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins and extended Martin/Hopkins, or Sampson equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Rong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Peidu Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Psychiatric Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Muxing Hua
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Ezpeleta M, Cienfuegos S, Lin S, Pavlou V, Gabel K, Varady KA. Efficacy and safety of prolonged water fasting: a narrative review of human trials. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:664-675. [PMID: 37377031 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this narrative review is to summarize the effects of prolonged fasting on various metabolic health measures, including body weight, blood pressure, plasma lipids, and glycemic control. Prolonged fasting is characterized by consciously eating little to no food or caloric beverages for several days to weeks. Results reveal that prolonged fasting for 5-20 days produces potent increases in circulating ketones, and mild to moderate weight loss of 2-10%. Approximately two-thirds of the weight lost is lean mass, and one-third is fat mass. The excessive lean mass loss suggests that prolonged fasting may increase the breakdown of muscle proteins, which is a concern. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure consistently decreased with prolonged fasting. However, the impact of these protocols on plasma lipids is less clear. While some trials demonstrate decreases in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, others show no benefit. With regard to glycemic control, reductions in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were noted in adults with normoglycemia. In contrast, these glucoregulatory factors remained unchanged in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The effects of refeeding were also examined in a few trials. It was shown that 3-4 months after the fast was completed, all metabolic benefits were no longer observed, even when weight loss was maintained. With regard to adverse events, metabolic acidosis, headaches, insomnia, and hunger were observed in some studies. In summary, prolonged fasting appears to be a moderately safe diet therapy that can produce clinically significant weight loss (>5%) over a few days or weeks. However, the ability of these protocols to produce sustained improvements in metabolic markers warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ezpeleta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sofia Cienfuegos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shuhao Lin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vasiliki Pavlou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelsey Gabel
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Krista A Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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