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Tao ZS, Wu XJ, Yang M, Shen CL. Astaxanthin prevents bone loss in osteoporotic rats with palmitic acid through suppressing oxidative stress. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2333096. [PMID: 38623993 PMCID: PMC11025413 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2333096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to assess the role of Astaxanthin (ATX) in palmitic acid(PA) -induced bone loss in Ovariectomized(OVX) rats. METHODS In the OVX rat model, we observed that PA affects bone metabolism and accelerates bone loss. Additionally, treatment with ATX was able to suppress the deleterious effects of PA and a simultaneous decrease in serum MDA levels and an increase in SOD was observed. RESULTS In addition, rats treated with ATX were observed to have significantly increased bone mass and elevated activity of SIRT1 and SOD2 in bone tissue. When MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.7 cells induced osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, the ATX intervention was able to significantly restore the restriction of osteogenic differentiation and the up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation with PA therapy. Furthermore, we confirm that PA damage to cells is caused by increased oxidative stress, and that ATX can target and modulate the activity of SIRT1 to regulate the levels of oxidative stress in cells. CONCLUSION Summarizing, ATX may inhibit PA-induced bone loss through its antioxidant properties via the SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Shan Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Jing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe Shan Xi Road, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cai-Liang Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Yu J, Lu H, Zhang X, Tang J, Liu Z, Jin Q, Wei W, Wang X. The triacylglycerol structures are key factors influencing lipid digestion in preterm formulas during in vitro digestion. Food Chem 2024; 443:138546. [PMID: 38301557 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Preterm formulas are usually supplemented with medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) whereas breast milk contains more medium and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT). Different types of triacylglycerol (TAG) containing medium-chain fatty acids may influence lipid digestion. In this study, the digestive characteristics of breast milk and preterm formulas with different MCT contents were evaluated using a dynamic in vitro system simulating the gastrointestinal tract of preterm infants. The lipolysis products, including diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols (MAGs), free fatty acids, and undigested TAGs, were analyzed. Formulas with MCT addition has significantly (P < 0.05) lower lipolysis degree (LD, 69.35%-71.28%) than breast milk (76.93%). Higher amounts of C8:0 and C10:0 were released in the formulas with MCT addition. Breast milk released more C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6, and MAG containing C16:0, whereas formulas released more free C16:0. The Pearson correlation heatmap showed that the LD value was significantly and positively (P < 0.05) related to the MLCT and sn-2 C16:0 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huijia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinghe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Juncheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zuoliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Bayard M, Kauffmann B, Leal-Calderon F, Cansell M. Palmitic acid at high concentration modifies the nanoscale structure of anhydrous milk fat. Food Chem 2024; 443:138522. [PMID: 38277931 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
We performed a nanoscale study based on X-ray scattering to understand the impact of a promotor of crystallization, palmitic acid (PA), at high concentration, on the networks of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in anhydrous milk fat (AMF). Melted blends containing 10 wt% PA were quenched at 25 °C. X-ray scattering data were compared with those obtained for pure AMF, pure PA, and AMF containing 1 wt% PA. While PA at low concentration did not modify the nanostructure of TAG crystals (direct crystallization in the β'-2L form), a high concentration of this promotor favored the formation of polymorphic forms suggesting that PA first crystallizes and then directs crystallization of AMF TAGs towards α and β forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bayard
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR 5248, 33600 Pessac, France; Soredab, La Tremblaye, 78125 La Boissière Ecole, France
| | - Brice Kauffmann
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, IECB UMS3033, 33600 Pessac, France
| | | | - Maud Cansell
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR 5248, 33600 Pessac, France
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Xu Q, Wang S, Zou Q, Chen W, Lan D, Wang Y. Streamlined enzymatic synthesis of human milk fat substitutes. Food Chem 2024; 443:138476. [PMID: 38306908 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The positional distribution of palmitic acid (PA) in human milk fat substitutes (HMFSs) plays a pivotal role in mimicking the nutritional profile of human milk fat for nourishing non-breastfed infants. This study innovatively introduced a streamlined enzymatic process for preparing HMFSs rich in sn-2 PA using palm stearin, a PA-rich source without the necessity for positional distribution of PA. The initial step involved enhancing the sn-2 PA concentration through enzymatic interesterification using Lipase UM1, which exhibited superior catalytic efficiency than Novozym 435. This process increased the sn-2 PA level from 40.98 % to 64.51 %. Subsequently, acidolysis was employed to reduce PA levels by replacing PA at sn-1,3 positions using sn-1,3-regioselective lipases. The PA content decreased from 60.64 % to 26.73 %, simultaneously raising the relative sn-2 PA concentration to 71.57 %, meeting the benchmarks for HMFSs. This study establishes a robust conceptual framework for the prospective industrial synthesis of HMFSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Shushu Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Qian Zou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Yue-shan Special Nutrition Technology Co. Ltd., Foshan 528000, PR China.
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Mthembu SX, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Silvestri S, Orlando P, Marcheggiani F, Cirilli I, Nkambule BB, Muller CJ, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Low levels and partial exposure to palmitic acid improves mitochondrial function and the oxidative status of cultured cardiomyoblasts. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:234-243. [PMID: 38356855 PMCID: PMC10864757 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid overload or metabolic stress has gained popularity in research that explores pathological mechanisms that may drive enhanced oxidative myocardial damage. Here, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were exposed to various doses of palmitic acid (0.06 to 1 mM) for either 4 or 24 h to study its potential physiological response to cardiac cells. Briefly, assays performed included metabolic activity, cholesterol content, mitochondrial respiration, and prominent markers of oxidative stress, as well as determining changes in mitochondrial potential, mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, and intracellular antioxidant levels like glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Cellular damage was probed using fluorescent stains, annexin V and propidium iodide. Our results indicated that prolonged exposure (24-hours) to palmitic acid doses ≥ 0.5 mM significantly impaired mitochondrial oxidative status, leading to enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial ROS production. While palmitic acid dose of 1 mM appeared to induce prominent cardiomyoblasts damage, likely because of its capacity to increase cholesterol content/ lipid peroxidation and severely suppressing intracellular antioxidants. Interestingly, short-term (4-hours) exposure to palmitic acid, especially for lower doses (≤ 0.25 mM), could improve metabolic activity, mitochondrial function and protect against oxidative stress induced myocardial damage. Potentially suggesting that, depending on the dose consumed or duration of exposure, consumption of saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid can differently affect the myocardium. However, these results are still preliminary, and in vivo research is required to understand the significance of maintaining intracellular antioxidants to protect against oxidative stress induced by lipid overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X.H. Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Bongani B. Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J.F. Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
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Malik S, Inamdar S, Acharya J, Goel P, Ghaskadbi S. Characterization of palmitic acid toxicity induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 97:105802. [PMID: 38431059 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An etiology of palmitic acid (PA) induced insulin resistance (IR) is complex for which two mechanisms are proposed namely ROS induced JNK activation and lipid induced protein kinase-C (PKCε) activation. However, whether these mechanisms act alone or in consortium is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we have characterized PA induced IR in liver cells. These cells were treated with different concentrations of PA for either 8 or 16 h. Insulin responsiveness of cells treated with PA for 8 h was found to be same as that of control. However, cells treated with PA for 16 h, showed increased glucose output both in the presence and in absence of insulin only at higher concentrations, indicating development of IR. In these, both JNK and PKCε were activated in response to increased ROS and lipid accumulation, respectively. Activated JNK and PKCε phosphorylated IRS1 at Ser-307 resulting in inhibition of AKT which in turn inactivated GSK3β, leading to reduced glycogen synthase activity. Inhibition of AKT also reduced insulin suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis by activating Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and increased expression of the gluconeogenic enzymes and their transcription factors. CONCLUSION Thus, our data clearly demonstrate that both these mechanisms work simultaneously and more importantly, identified a threshold of HepG2 cells, which when crossed led to the pathological state of IR in response to PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Malik
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shrirang Inamdar
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Jhankar Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Pranay Goel
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Saroj Ghaskadbi
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
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Yoshida K, Morishima Y, Ishii Y, Mastuzaka T, Shimano H, Hizawa N. Abnormal saturated fatty acids and sphingolipids metabolism in asthma. Respir Investig 2024; 62:526-530. [PMID: 38640569 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in fatty acid analysis have highlighted the links between lipid disruption and disease development. Lipid abnormalities are well-established risk factors for many of the most common chronic illnesses, and their involvement in asthma is also becoming clear. Here, we review research demonstrating the role of abnormal lipid metabolism in asthma, with a focus on saturated fatty acids and sphingolipids. High levels of palmitic acid, the most abundant saturated fatty acid in the human body, have been found in the airways of asthmatic patients with obesity, and were shown to worsen eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma model mice on a high-fat diet. Aside from being a building block of longer-chain fatty acids, palmitic acid is also the starting point for de novo synthesis of ceramides, a class of sphingolipids. We outline the three main pathways for the synthesis of ceramides, which have been linked to the severity of asthma and act as precursors for the dynamic lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P signaling is involved in allergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and immune-cell trafficking. A recent study of mice with mutations for the elongation of very long-chain fatty acid family member 6 (Elovl6), an enzyme that elongates fatty acid chains, has highlighted the potential role of palmitic acid composition, and thus lipid balance, in the pathophysiology of allergic airway inflammation. Elovl6 may be a potential therapeutic target in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Yoshida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuko Morishima
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukio Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Ibaraki Higashi National Hospital, 825 Terunuma, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki, 319-1113, Japan
| | - Takashi Mastuzaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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Zhou J, Xia W, Chen J, Han K, Jiang Y, Zhang A, Zhou D, Liu D, Lin J, Cai Y, Chen G, Zhang L, Xu A, Xu Y, Han R, Xia Z. Propofol and salvianolic acid A synergistically attenuated cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic mice via modulating the CD36/AMPK pathway. Burns Trauma 2024; 12:tkad055. [PMID: 38601971 PMCID: PMC11003856 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Prevention of diabetic heart myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury (MIRI) is challenging. Propofol attenuates MIRI through its reactive oxygen species scavenging property at high doses, while its use at high doses causes hemodynamic instability. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a potent antioxidant that confers protection against MIRI. Both propofol and SAA affect metabolic profiles through regulating Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of low doses of propofol combined with SAA against diabetic MIRI. Methods Diabetes was induced in mice by a high-fat diet followed by streptozotocin injection, and MIRI was induced by coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Mice were treated with propofol at 46 mg/kg/h without or with SAA at 10 mg/kg/h during IR. Cardiac origin H9c2 cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) and palmitic acid (PAL) for 24 h in the absence or presence of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) overexpression or AMPK gene knockdown, followed by hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) for 6 and 12 h. Results Diabetes-exacerbated MIRI is evidenced as significant increases in post-ischemic infarction with reductions in phosphorylated (p)-AMPK and increases in CD36 and ferroptosis. Propofol moderately yet significantly attenuated all the abovementioned changes, while propofol plus SAA conferred superior protection against MIRI to that of propofol. In vitro, exposure of H9c2 cells under HG and PAL decreased cell viability and increased oxidative stress that was concomitant with increased levels of ferroptosis and a significant increase in CD36, while p-AMPK was significantly reduced. Co-administration of low concentrations of propofol and SAA at 12.5 μM in H9c2 cells significantly reduced oxidative stress, ferroptosis and CD36 expression, while increasing p-AMPK compared to the effects of propofol at 25 μM. Moreover, either CD36 overexpression or AMPK silence significantly exacerbated HR-induced cellular injuries and ferroptosis, and canceled propofol- and SAA-mediated protection. Notably, p-AMPK expression was downregulated after CD36 overexpression, while AMPK knockdown did not affect CD36 expression. Conclusions Combinational usage of propofol and SAA confers superior cellular protective effects to the use of high-dose propofol alone, and it does so through inhibiting HR-induced CD36 overexpression to upregulate p-AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Weiyi Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Kaijia Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Anyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Dongcheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Danyong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Jiefu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 11 Yucai Road, hung hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Guanghua Chen
- Spinal Division of Orthopedic and Traumatology Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57 South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Ronghui Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, No. 57, South Renmin Avenue, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Liang Z, Sun G, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Qin S, Lv S, Ding J, Zhang Q, Xia Y, Lu D. Protein phosphatase 4 mediates palmitic acid-induced endothelial dysfunction by decreasing eNOS phosphorylation at serine 633 in HUVECs. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113998. [PMID: 38513962 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Plasma saturated free fatty acid (FFA)-induced endothelial dysfunction (ED) contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying saturated FFA-induced ED remains unclear. This study demonstrated that palmitic acid (PA) induced ED by activating the NADPH oxidase (NOX)/ROS signaling pathway to activate protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby reducing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177, respectively. Okadaic acid (OA) and fostriecin (FST), which are inhibitors of PP2A, inhibited the PA-induced decreases in eNOS phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177. The antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and apocynin (APO) or knockdown of gp91phox or p67phox (NOX subunits) restored PA-mediated downregulation of PP4R2 protein expression and eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation. Knockdown of the PP4 catalytic subunit (PP4c) specifically increased eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation, while silencing the PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) restored only eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation. Furthermore, PA dramatically decreased the protein expression of the PP4 regulatory subunit R2 (PP4R2) but not the other regulatory subunits. PP4R2 overexpression increased eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation, nitric oxide (NO) production, cell migration and tube formation but did not change eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation levels. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) suggested that PP4R2 and PP4c interacted with the PP4R3α and eNOS proteins. In summary, PA decreases PP4R2 protein expression through the Nox/ROS pathway to activate PP4, which contributes to ED by dephosphorylating eNOS at Ser633. The results of this study suggest that PP4 is a novel therapeutic target for ED and ED-associated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junshi Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Si Qin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sha Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Deqin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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10
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Florance I, Ramasubbu S. Regulation of genes involved in the metabolic adaptation of murine microglial cells in response to elevated HIF-1α mediated activation. Immunogenetics 2024; 76:93-108. [PMID: 38326657 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-024-01334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Microglia cells are activated in response to different stress signals. Several metabolic adaptations underlie microglia activation in the brain. Among these, in conditions like ischemic stroke and, hypoxic stress stimuli activate microglia cells. Hypoxic stress is mediated by HIF-1α. Although HIF-1α has been implicated in the alteration of metabolic pathways, changes in microglia lipid metabolism during M1 activation of microglia induced by elevated HIF-1α levels are yet to be understood. This can also merit interest in the development of novel targets to mitigate chronic inflammation. Our study aims to elucidate the transcriptional regulation of metabolic pathways in microglia cells during HIF-1α mediated activation. To study the adaptations in the metabolic pathways we induced microglia activation, by activating HIF-1α. Here, we show that microglia cells activated in response to elevated HIF-1α require ongoing lipogenesis and fatty acid breakdown. Notably, autophagy is activated during the initial stages of microglia activation. Inhibition of autophagy in activated microglia affects their viability and phagocytic activity. Collectively, our study expands the understanding of the molecular link between autophagy, lipid metabolism, and inflammation during HIF-1α mediated microglial activation that can lead to the development of promising strategies for controlling maladaptive activation states of microglia responsible for neuroinflammation. Together, our findings suggest that the role of HIF-1α in regulating metabolic pathways during hypoxia in microglia is beyond optimization of glucose utilization and distinctly regulates lipid metabolism during pro-inflammatory activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Florance
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Seenivasan Ramasubbu
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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11
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Hidalgo-Lanussa O, González Santos J, Barreto GE. Sex-specific vulnerabilities in human astrocytes underpin the differential impact of palmitic acid. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 195:106489. [PMID: 38552721 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and neurometabolic diseases have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Our hypothesis is that the endogenous estrogenic component of human astrocytes plays a critical role in cell response during lipotoxic damage, given that obesity can disrupt hormonal homeostasis and cause brain inflammation. Our findings showed that high concentrations of palmitic acid (PA) significantly reduced cell viability more in male astrocytes, indicating sex-specific vulnerabilities. PA induced a greater increase in cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in males, while female astrocytes exhibited higher superoxide ion levels in mitochondria. In addition, female astrocytes treated with PA showed increased expression of antioxidant proteins, including catalase, Gpx-1 and Nrf2 suggesting a stronger cellular defence mechanism. Interestingly, there was a difference in the expression of estrogenic components, such as estrogen, androgens, and progesterone receptors, as well as aromatase and 5α-reductase enzymes, between males and females. PA induced their expression mainly in females, indicating a potential protective mechanism mediated by endogenous hormones. In summary, our findings highlight the impact of sex on the response of human astrocytes to lipotoxicity. Male astrocytes appear to be more susceptible to cellular damage when exposed to high concentrations of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Janneth González Santos
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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12
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Liu JJ, Zhang X, Cai BL, Qi MM, Chi YB, Peng B, Zhang DH. Ferroptosis inhibitors reduce celastrol toxicity and preserve its insulin sensitizing effects in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. J Integr Med 2024:S2095-4964(24)00031-1. [PMID: 38565435 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research has shown that celastrol can effectively treat a variety of diseases, yet when passing a certain dosage threshold, celastrol becomes toxic, causing complications such as liver and kidney damage and erythrocytopenia, among others. With this dichotomy in mind, it is extremely important to find ways to preserve celastrol's efficacy while reducing or preventing its toxicity. METHODS In this study, insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cells were prepared using palmitic acid and used for in vitro experiments. IR-HepG2 cells were treated with celastrol alone or in combination with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) for 12, 24 or 48 h, at a range of doses. Cell counting kit-8 assay, Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, glucose consumption assessment, and flow cytometry were performed to measure celastrol's cytotoxicity and whether the cell death was linked to ferroptosis. RESULTS Celastrol treatment increased lipid oxidation and decreased expression of anti-ferroptosis proteins in IR-HepG2 cells. Celastrol downregulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA. Molecular docking models predicted that solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and GPX4 were covalently bound by celastrol. Importantly, we found for the first time that the application of ferroptosis inhibitors (especially NAC) was able to reduce celastrol's toxicity while preserving its ability to improve insulin sensitivity in IR-HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION One potential mechanism of celastrol's cytotoxicity is the induction of ferroptosis, which can be alleviated by treatment with ferroptosis inhibitors. These findings provide a new strategy to block celastrol's toxicity while preserving its therapeutic effects. Please cite this article as: Liu JJ, Zhang X, Qi MM, Chi YB, Cai BL, Peng B, Zhang DH. Ferroptosis inhibitors reduce celastrol toxicity and preserve its insulin sensitizing effects in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. J Integr Med. 2024; Epub ahead of print.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Liu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China; School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bang-Lan Cai
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China; School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Man-Man Qi
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yong-Bin Chi
- Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China.
| | - Deng-Hai Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Health Commission Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence-Based Management of Inflammation and Chronic Diseases, Shanghai Pudong Gongli Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China; School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
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13
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Li X, Mai K, Ai Q. Palmitic acid activates NLRP3 inflammasome through NF-κB and AMPK-mitophagy-ROS pathways to induce IL-1β production in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159428. [PMID: 38029958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies on marine fish showed that vegetable oils substituted for excessive fish oil increased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production. However, whether the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has a substantial role in fatty acid-induced IL-1β production in fish remains unclear. The associated specific mechanism is also unknown. In this study, nlrp3, caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (asc) were successfully cloned, and NLRP3 inflammasome consisted of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC in large yellow croaker. Primary hepatocytes of fish incubated with palmitic acid (PA) exhibited the highest expression of pro-inflammatory genes (il-1β and tnfα) and NLRP3 inflammasome related genes (nlrp3, caspase-1 and asc), caspase-1 activity and IL-1β production among different treatments. Furthermore, PA-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was confirmed to require two signals: the first signal was that PA promoted the NF-κB (P65) protein into the nucleus, and NF-κB increased NLRP3 promoter activity and nlrp3 transcription. The second signal was that PA inhibited AMPK phosphorylation and decreased mitophagy by inhibiting the expression of PINK and parkin proteins, thereby damaging the mitochondria that could not be effectively cleared. Mitochondrial damage generated excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species, which activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and then induced caspase-1 activity and IL-1β production. Therefore, excessive dietary PA activated NLRP3 inflammasome through NF-κB and AMPK-mitophagy-ROS pathways to induce IL-1β production, thereby leading to inflammation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, People's Republic of China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Liu Q, Li J, Huang Y, Luo Y, Li R, He Y, He C, Peng Q, Wang M. Preparation of starch- palmitic acid complexes by three different starches: A comparative study using the method of heating treatment and autoclaving treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130009. [PMID: 38336331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent research emphasizes the growing importance of starch-lipid complexes due to their anti-digestibility ability, prompting a need to explore the impact of different starch sources and preparation methods on their properties. In this study, starch-palmitic acid (PA) complexes were prepared by three different starches including Tartary buckwheat starch (TBS), potato starch (PTS), and pea starch (PS) by heating treatment (HT) and autoclaving treatment (AT), respectively, and their physicochemical property and in vitro digestibility were systematically compared. The formation of the starch-PA complex was confirmed through various characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Among the complexes, the PTS-PA complex exhibited the highest complexation index over 80 %, while the PS-PA complex had the lowest rapid digestible starch content (56.49-59.42 %). Additionally, the complexes prepared by AT exhibited higher resistant starch content (41.95-32.46 %) than those prepared by HT (31.42-32.49 %), while the complexes prepared by HT held better freeze-thaw stability and hydration ability than those prepared by AT. This study highlights the important role of starch sources in the physicochemical and digestibility properties of starch-lipid complex and the potential application of AT in the preparation of novel resistant starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuefeng Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yueping Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ruijie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuanchen He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Caian He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Qiang Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Min Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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15
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Yakdhan Saleh M, Obaid Aldulaimi AK, Mahmood Saeed S, Hussein Adhab A. TiFe 2O 4@SiO 2-SO 3H: A novel and effective catalyst for esterification reaction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26286. [PMID: 38375297 PMCID: PMC10875572 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, TiFe2O4@SiO2-SO3H heterogeneous catalyst was successfully synthesized and applied to generate biodiesel from oleic acid, and palmitic acid using an esterification process. In this sense, the nanocatalyst surface was characterized using TEM, TGA, XRD, FTIR, VSM, BET, SEM, and EDX analyses. Nanocatalyst TiFe2O4@SiO2-SO3H showed high activity for the esterification of oleic acid and palmitic acid. Also, the nanocatalyst can be easily recovered with a bar magnet and reused many times without any loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Yakdhan Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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16
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Masuoka S, Nishio J, Yamada S, Saito K, Kaneko K, Kaburaki M, Tanaka N, Sato H, Muraoka S, Kawazoe M, Mizutani S, Furukawa K, Ishii-Watabe A, Kawai S, Saito Y, Nanki T. Relationship Between the Lipidome Profile and Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-01986-8. [PMID: 38401020 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-01986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Lipid mediators have been suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Lipidomics has recently allowed for the comprehensive analysis of lipids and has revealed the potential of lipids as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RA and prediction of therapeutic responses. However, the relationship between disease activity and the lipid profile in RA remains unclear. In the present study, we performed a plasma lipidomic analysis of 278 patients with RA during treatment and examined relationships with disease activity using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In all patients, five lipids positively correlated and seven lipids negatively correlated with DAS28-ESR. Stearic acid [FA(18:0)] (r = -0.45) and palmitic acid [FA(16:0)] (r = -0.38) showed strong negative correlations. After adjustments for age, body mass index (BMI), and medications, stearic acid, palmitic acid, bilirubin, and lysophosphatidylcholines negatively correlated with disease activity. Stearic acid inhibited osteoclast differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes in in vitro experiments, suggesting its contribution to RA disease activity by affecting bone metabolism. These results indicate that the lipid profile correlates with the disease activity of RA and also that some lipids may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Masuoka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Junko Nishio
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology and Immunoregulation, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichi Yamada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saito
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaichi Kaneko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Makoto Kaburaki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Nahoko Tanaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Sei Muraoka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Mai Kawazoe
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizutani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Karin Furukawa
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kawai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
- Department of Inflammation and Pain Control Research, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nanki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, 6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan.
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Zhang Y, Ding Y, Weng M, Cui K, Yang M, Mai K, Ai Q. Molecular cloning, tissue expression pattern, responses to different fatty acids and potential functions of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Gene 2024; 896:148056. [PMID: 38042217 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
In farmed fish, diets rich in palm oil have been observed to promote abnormal lipid build-up in the liver, subsequently leading to physiological harm and disease onset. Emerging research suggests that integrating phospholipids into the feed could serve as a potent countermeasure against hepatic impairments induced by vegetable oil consumption. Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant type among phospholipids. In the metabolic processes of mammal, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1), crucial for phosphatidylcholine remodeling, demonstrates a marked affinity towards palmitic acid (PA). Nonetheless, aspects concerning the cloning, tissue-specific distribution, and affinity of the LPCAT1 gene to diverse oil sources have yet to be elucidated in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Within the scope of this study, we successfully isolated and cloned the cDNA of the LPCAT1 gene from the large yellow croaker. Subsequent analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns of LPCAT1 across ten different tissues of the species. The fully sequenced coding DNA sequence (CDS) of LPCAT1 spans 1503 bp and encodes a sequence of 500 amino acids. Comparative sequence alignment indicates that LPCAT1 shares a 69.75 % amino acid similarity with its counterparts in other species. Although LPCAT1 manifests across various tissues of the large yellow croaker, its predominance is markedly evident in the liver and gills. Furthermore, post exposure of the large yellow croaker's hepatocytes to varied fatty acids, PA has a strong response to LPCAT1. Upon the addition of appropriate lysolecithin to palm oil feed, the mRNA expression of LPCAT1 in the liver cells of the large yellow croaker showed significant variations compared to other subtypes. Concurrently, the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes il-1β, il-6, il-8, tnf-α and ifn-γ in the liver tissue of the large yellow croaker decreased. Interestingly, they exhibit the same trend of change. In conclusion, we have cloned the LPCAT1 gene on fish successfully and find the augmented gene response of LPCAT1 in hepatocytes under PA treatment first. The results of this study suggest that LPCAT1 may be associated with liver inflammation in fish and offer new insights into mitigating liver diseases in fish caused by palm oil feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Miao Weng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mengli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair), Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.
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18
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Wan J, Cheng C, Li X, Zhu Y, Su H, Gong Y, Ding K, Gao X, Dang C, Li G, Jiang W, Yao LH. Lactate ameliorates palmitate-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01009-y. [PMID: 38372933 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid enriched in high-fat diet, has been implicated in the development of skeletal muscle regeneration dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the effects and mechanisms of lactate (Lac) treatment on PA-induced impairment of C2C12 cell differentiation capacity. Furthermore, the involvement of voltage-gated calcium channels in this context was examined. In this study, Lac could improve the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG. In addition, Lac increases the inward flow of Ca2+, and promotes the depolarization of the cell membrane potential, thereby activating voltage-gated calcium channels during C2C12 cell differentiation. The enchancement of Lac on myoblast differentiative capacity was abolished after the addition of efonidipine (voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitors). Therefore, voltage-gated calcium channels play an important role in improving PA-induced skeletal muscle regeneration disorders by exercising blood Lac. Our study showed that Lac could rescue the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wan
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Cheng
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonuo Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Su
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Gong
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaizhi Ding
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Dang
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Li
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Yao
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Yajima K, Chiba S, Park I, Ogata H, Kayaba M, Ishihara A, Tanaka Y, Simeng Z, Jaehoon S, Katakura M, Tokuyama K. Dietary palmitic acid to oleic acid ratio modulates energy metabolism and biological rhythms in young healthy Japanese males. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:447-460. [PMID: 37578022 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential role of the composition of dietary fatty acids in the regulation of biological rhythms, such as the sleep architecture, core body temperature and leukocyte clock gene expression, in subjects fed meals rich in palmitic acid (PA) or oleic acid (OA). Eleven males participated in two sessions of indirect calorimetry in a whole-room metabolic chamber. In each session, subjects consumed three meals rich in PA (44·3 % of total fat as PA and 42·3 % as OA) or OA (11·7 % of total fat as PA and 59·3 % as OA) in the metabolic chamber. The ratio of PA to OA in plasma was significantly lower and fat oxidation was significantly higher during 24 h of indirect calorimetry in the session with meals rich in OA than in that with meals rich in PA. The duration of slow wave sleep (SWS) was shorter, the latency of SWS was longer and the nadir of core body temperature after bedtime was later in the session with meals rich in PA than in that with meals rich in OA. The peak in CRY1 gene expression was earlier and its amplitude was higher in the session with meals rich in PA than in that with meals rich in OA. In healthy young males, meals rich in PA decreased fat oxidation and disrupted biological rhythms, particularly the sleep architecture and core body temperature during sleep, more than meals rich in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Yajima
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shuto Chiba
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Insung Park
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitomi Ogata
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Momoko Kayaba
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Asuka Ishihara
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Zhang Simeng
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Seol Jaehoon
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Research Center for Overwork-Related Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH), Kanagawa, Japan
- R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masanori Katakura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tokuyama
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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20
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Cai MY, Jiang XS, Wei YX, Wen RZ, Du XG. Role of TFEB-autophagy lysosomal pathway in palmitic acid induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149472. [PMID: 38241809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomal dysfunction and impaired autophagic flux are involved in the pathogenesis of lipotoxicity in the kidney. Here, we investigated the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy-lysosomal pathway, in palmitic acid induced renal tubular epithelial cells injury. We examined lipid accumulation, autophagic flux, expression of Ps211-TFEB, and nuclear translocation of TFEB in HK-2 cells overloaded with palmitic acid (PA). By utilizing immunohistochemistry, we detected TFEB expression in renal biopsy tissues from patients with diabetic nephropathy and normal renal tissue adjacent to surgically removed renal carcinoma (controls), as well as kidney tissues from rat fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and low-fat diet (LFD). We found significant lipid accumulation, increased apoptosis, accompanied with elevated Ps211-TFEB, decreased nuclear TFEB, reduced lysosome biogenesis and insufficient autophagy in HK-2 cells treated with PA. Kidney tissues from patients with diabetic nephropathy had lower nuclear and total levels of TFEB than that in control kidney tissues. Level of renal nuclear TFEB in HFD rats was also lower than that in LFD rats. Exogenous overexpression of TFEB increased the nuclear TFEB level in HK-2 cells treated with PA, promoted lysosomal biogenesis, improved autophagic flux, reduced lipid accumulation and apoptosis. Our results collectively indicate that PA is a strong inducer for TFEB phosphorylation modification at ser211 accompanied with lower nuclear translocation of TFEB. Impairment of TFEB-mediated lysosomal biogenesis and function by palmitic acid may lead to insufficient autophagy and promote HK-2 cells injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xu-Shun Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yun-Xin Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China; The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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21
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Wang R, Zhang J, Ren H, Qi S, Xie L, Xie H, Shang Z, Liu C. Dysregulated palmitic acid metabolism promotes the formation of renal calcium-oxalate stones through ferroptosis induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids/phosphatidic acid. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:85. [PMID: 38345762 PMCID: PMC10861707 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of renal calcium-oxalate (CaOx) stones is complex and influenced by various metabolic factors. In parallel, palmitic acid (PA) has been identified as an upregulated lipid metabolite in the urine and serum of patients with renal CaOx stones via untargeted metabolomics. Thus, this study aimed to mechanistically assess whether PA is involved in stone formation. Lipidomics analysis of PA-treated renal tubular epithelial cells compared with the control samples revealed that α-linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid were desaturated and elongated, resulting in the formation of downstream polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In correlation, the levels of fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 (FADS1 and FADS2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in these cells treated with PA were increased relative to the control levels, suggesting that PA-induced upregulation of PPARα, which in turn upregulated these two enzymes, forming the observed PUFAs. Lipid peroxidation occurred in these downstream PUFAs under oxidative stress and Fenton Reaction. Furthermore, transcriptomics analysis revealed significant changes in the expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes in PA-treated renal tubular epithelial cells, induced by PUFA peroxides. In addition, phosphatidyl ethanolamine binding protein 1 (PEBP1) formed a complex with 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) to exacerbate PUFA peroxidation under protein kinase C ζ (PKC ζ) phosphorylation, and PKC ζ was activated by phosphatidic acid derived from PA. In conclusion, this study found that the formation of renal CaOx stones is promoted by ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells resulting from PA-induced dysregulation of PUFA and phosphatidic acid metabolism, and PA can promote the renal adhesion and deposition of CaOx crystals by injuring renal tubular epithelial cells, consequently upregulating adhesion molecules. Accordingly, this study provides a new theoretical basis for understanding the correlation between fatty acid metabolism and the formation of renal CaOx stones, offering potential targets for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haotian Ren
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyong Qi
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linguo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haijie Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Li S, Chen T, Zhou Y, Li X. Palmitic acid and trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate, the active ingredients of Yaobishu formula, reduce inflammation and pain by regulating gut microbiota and metabolic changes after lumbar disc herniation to activate autophagy and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166972. [PMID: 38016505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance in gut microbiota triggers an inflammatory response that spreads from the gut to the discs and is associated with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). In this study, we investigated the mechanism of palmitic acid (PA) and trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (THMC) on microbiota, metabolic homeostasis, and autophagy after LDH. The LDH rat model was established by puncturing the exposed intervertebral disc. 16S rDNA was used to assess the gut microbiome composition. The microbial metabolites were analyzed by UPLC-MS. The mechanism of PA and THMC in LDH was explored by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We found that Yaobishu, PA, THMC, and the positive control drug Celebrex attenuated intervertebral disc damage in LDH rats and downregulated TRPV1, IL-1β, and IL-18 expression. In addition, Yaobishu reduced Oscillospirales and Ruminococcaceae abundances after LDH. PA increased Bacilli's abundance while decreasing Negativicutes and Ruminococcaceae abundances. Metabolomics showed that Yaobishu increased 2-hexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-methylpentan-3-one, and nonadecanoic acid levels but decreased pantetheine and urocanate levels. PA and THMC reduced uridine and urocanate levels. Yaobishu, PA, and THMC activated autophagy and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in LDH rats. Moreover, antibiotics abrogated these effects. FMT-PA and FMT-THMC activated autophagy and decreased IL-1β, IL-18, Wnt1, β-catenin, and TRPV1 expression. FMT-PA and FMT-THMC partially reversed the effects of 3-MA. Taken together, our data suggest that Yaobishu, PA, and THMC relieve inflammation and pain by remodeling the gut microbiota and restoring metabolic homeostasis after LDH to activate autophagy and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which provide a new therapeutic target for LDH in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuoQi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China
| | - TieZhu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China
| | - YiZhao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China
| | - XiaoSheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China.
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23
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Reszczyńska E, Wiśniewska-Becker A, Duda M, Sęk A, Gruszecki WI, Hanaka A. The presence of free palmitic acid modulates the effects of lutein on structural and dynamic properties of lipid membranes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109883. [PMID: 38211638 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Free fatty acids, like palmitic acid (PA), and xanthophyll pigments, like lutein (LUT) are the natural membrane compounds in plants. To study the effect of PA on LUT and their organization, a model membrane of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) enriched with 2 mol% PA and 1 mol% LUT was formed. Molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between these two compounds were examined with application of molecular spectroscopy techniques, e.g., visible spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared. We determined the monomeric/dimeric organization of LUT in the membrane. We proved that the presence of PA in the lipid phase facilitated and stabilized the formation of LUT structures in the membrane. Lutein with PA did not form strong molecular aggregates like H- and J-structures. We presented the simplified model membrane that could be a suitable representation of the physiological process of de-esterification of PA from LUT appearing in natural biomembranes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Reszczyńska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chodźki 1 Street, 20-093, Lublin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Wiśniewska-Becker
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7 Street, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Duda
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7 Street, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Sęk
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, M. Curie-Skłodowska Square 1, 20-031, Lublin, Poland; The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3 Street, 96-100, Skierniewice, Poland
| | - Wiesław I Gruszecki
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, M. Curie-Skłodowska Square 1, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Hanaka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Street, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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24
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Fróes FT, Da Ré C, Taday J, Galland F, Gonçalves CA, Leite MC. Palmitic acid, but not other long-chain saturated fatty acids, increases S100B protein and TNF-α secretion by astrocytes. Nutr Res 2024; 122:101-112. [PMID: 38215571 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a health problem that involves fat accumulation in adipose and other tissues and causes cell dysfunction. Long-chain saturated fatty acids can induce and propagate inflammation, which may also contribute to the brain alterations found in individuals with obesity. Fatty acids accumulate in astrocytes in situations of blood‒brain barrier disruption, such as inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, the increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) secretion is considered an essential component of the inflammatory response. We hypothesize that through their action on astrocytes, long-chain saturated fatty acids mediate some of the brain alterations observed in individuals with obesity. Here, we investigate the direct effect of long-chain fatty acids on astrocytes. Primary astrocyte cultures were incubated for 24 hours with myristic, palmitic, stearic, linoleic, or α-linolenic acids (25-100 µM). All saturated fatty acids tested led to an increase in TNF-α secretion, but only palmitic acid, one of the most common fatty acids, increased S100B secretion, indicating that S100B secretion is probably not caused in response to TNF-α release. Palmitic acid also caused nuclear migration of nuclear factor kappa B. Long-chain saturated fatty acids did not alter cell viability or redox status. In conclusion, long-chain saturated fatty acids can alter astrocytic homeostasis and may contribute to brain disorders associated with obesity, such as neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Telles Fróes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carollina Da Ré
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Taday
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Galland
- Centro de Ciência e Qualidade dos Alimentos, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Concli Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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25
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Zhu W, Yang G, Chen N, Zhang W, Gao Q, Li T, Yuan N, Jin H. CTRP13 alleviates palmitic acid-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and endothelial cell dysfunction in HUVECs. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102232. [PMID: 37976900 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 13 (CTRP13) has been reported to participate in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role and molecular mechanism of CTRP13 in obesity-induced endothelial cell damage is still unclear. In palmitic acid (PA)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), qRT-PCR and western blot were used to examine CTRP13 expression. CCK-8 and TUNEL assays were adopted to assess cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. ROS level and MDA content were evaluated by their commercial kits and inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA. Endothelial cell dysfunction was evaluated by detecting NO production and eNOS expression, and tube formation assay was performed to assess angiogenesis. AMPK pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot. The results showed that CTRP13 was downregulated in PA-induced HUVECs. CTRP13 overexpression reduced PA-induced cell viability loss and oxidative stress in HUVECs. Moreover, CTRP13 overexpression suppressed PA-induced inflammation and apoptosis, improved angiogenesis ability, and alleviated endothelial cell dysfunction in HUVECs. In addition, CTRP13 overexpression activated AMPK pathway and regulated the expressions of downstream NOX1/p38 and KLF2. Furthermore, compound C countervailed the impacts of CTRP13 overexpression on cell viability, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial function in PA-induced HUVECs. To sum up, CTRP13 overexpression may alleviate PA-induced endothelial cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China.
| | - Guojun Yang
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Naijun Chen
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Nan Yuan
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Huawei Jin
- Department of Edocrine and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
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26
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Huang Y, Zhang J, You D, Chen S, Lin Z, Li B, Ling M, Tong H, Li F. Mechanisms underlying palmitic acid-induced disruption of locomotor activity and sleep behavior in Drosophila. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109813. [PMID: 38070757 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The globally prevalent of sleep disorders is partly attributed to unhealthy dietary habits. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of elevated palmitic acid (PA) intake on locomotor activity and sleep behavior in Drosophila. Our results indicate that exposure to PA significantly elevated Drosophila's daytime and nighttime locomotor activity while concurrently reducing overall sleep duration. Utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing, we observed substantial alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota induced by PA, notably, characterized by a significant reduction in Lactobacillus plantarum. Furthermore, PA significantly increased the levels of inflammatory factors Upd3 and Eiger in Drosophila intestines, and downregulated the expression of Gad and Tph, as well as 5-HT1A. Conversely, Gdh and Hdc were significantly upregulated in the PA group. Supplementation with L. plantarum or lactic acid significantly ameliorated PA-induced disruptions in both locomotor activity and sleep behavior. This supplementation also suppressed the expression of intestinal inflammatory factors, thus restoring impaired neurotransmitter-mediated sleep-wake regulation. Moreover, specific knockdown of intestinal epithelial Upd3 or Eiger similarly restored disrupted neurotransmitter expression, ultimately improving PA-induced disturbances in Drosophila locomotor activity and sleep behavior. These findings provide important insights into the intricate interplay between dietary components and essential behaviors, highlighting potential avenues for addressing health challenges associated with modern dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Huang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Dongdong You
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Shangqin Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Zhongdong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Boyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Menglai Ling
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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Wang J, Liu J, Yuan C, Yang B, Pang H, Chen K, Feng J, Deng Y, Zhang X, Li W, Wang C, Xie J, Zhang J. Palmitic acid-activated GPRs/KLF7/CCL2 pathway is involved in the crosstalk between bone marrow adipocytes and prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38221626 PMCID: PMC10789002 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-induced abnormal bone marrow microenvironment is one of the important risk element for bone metastasis in prostate cancer (PCa). The present study aimed to determine whether obesity-induced elevation in palmitic acid (PA), which is the most abundant of the free fatty acids (FFAs), increased CCL2 via the GPRs/KLF7 pathway in bone marrow adipocytes (BMA) to facilitate PCa growth and metastasis. METHODS We constructed a bone-tumor bearing mouse model with obesity through high-fat diet, and observed the tumor formation ability of PCa cells. In vitro, observe the effect of PA on the expression level of CCL2 in BMA through GPRs/KLF7 signaling pathway. After co-culture of BMA and PCa cells, CCK8 assay and transwell experiment were used to detect the changes in biological behavior of PCa cells stimulated by BMA. RESULTS The BMA distribution in the bone marrow cavity of BALB/c nude mice fed with the high-fat diet (HFD) was evidently higher than that in the mice fed with the normal diet (ND). Moreover, HFD-induced obesity promoted KLF7/CCL2 expression in BMA and PCa cell growth in the bone marrow cavity of the mice. In the vitro experiment, a conditioned medium with increased CCL2 obtained from the BMA cultured with PA (CM-BMA-PA) was used for culturing the PCa cell lines, which evidently enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability. KLF7 significantly increased the CCL2 expression and secretion levels in BMA by targeting the promoter region of the CCL2 gene. In addition, GPR40/120 engaged in the PA-induced high KLF7/CCL2 levels in BMA to facilitate the malignant progression of PC-3 cells. CONCLUSIONS PA-activated GPRs/KLF7/CCL2 pathway in BMA facilitates prostate cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chenggang Yuan
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bingqi Yang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huai Pang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Keru Chen
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiale Feng
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuchun Deng
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cuizhe Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jianxin Xie
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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García-Cruz VM, Arias C. Palmitic Acid Induces Posttranslational Modifications of Tau Protein in Alzheimer's Disease-Related Epitopes and Increases Intraneuronal Tau Levels. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-023-03886-8. [PMID: 38167971 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases derived from an unhealthy lifestyle have been linked with an increased risk for developing cognitive impairment and even Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although high consumption of saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (PA) has been associated with the development of obesity and type II diabetes, the mechanisms connecting elevated neuronal PA levels and increased AD marker expression remain unclear. Among other effects, PA induces insulin resistance, increases intracellular calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and reduces the NAD+/NADH ratio, resulting in decreased activity of the deacetylase Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in neurons. These mechanisms may affect signaling pathways that impact the posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of the tau protein. To analyze the role played by PA in inducing the phosphorylation and acetylation of tau, we examined PTM changes in human tau in differentiated neurons from human neuroblastoma cells. We found changes in the phosphorylation state of several AD-related sites, namely, S199/202 and S214, that were mediated by a mechanism associated with the dysregulated activity of the kinases GSK3β and mTOR. PA also increased the acetylation of residue K280 and elevated total tau level after long exposure time. These findings provide information about the mechanisms by which saturated fatty acids cause tau PTMs that are similar to those observed in association with AD biochemical changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Melissa García-Cruz
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CDMX, 04510, México
| | - Clorinda Arias
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CDMX, 04510, México.
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Lee DK, Jo SH, Lee ES, Ha KB, Park NW, Kong DH, Park SI, Park JS, Chung CH. DWN12088, A Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor, Alleviates Hepatic Injury in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:97-111. [PMID: 38173372 PMCID: PMC10850270 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease caused by obesity that leads to hepatic lipoapoptosis, resulting in fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, the mechanism underlying NASH is largely unknown, and there is currently no effective therapeutic agent against it. DWN12088, an agent used for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, is a selective prolyl-tRNA synthetase (PRS) inhibitor that suppresses the synthesis of collagen. However, the mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effect of DWN12088 is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the role of DWN12088 in NASH progression. METHODS Mice were fed a chow diet or methionine-choline deficient (MCD)-diet, which was administered with DWN12088 or saline by oral gavage for 6 weeks. The effects of DWN12088 on NASH were evaluated by pathophysiological examinations, such as real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, biochemical analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hepatic injury were assessed by in vitro cell culture. RESULTS DWN12088 attenuated palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation and lipoapoptosis by downregulating the Rho-kinase (ROCK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) signaling cascades. PA increased but DWN12088 inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 (Ser536, Ser276) and the expression of proinflammatory genes. Moreover, the DWN12088 inhibited transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced pro-fibrotic gene expression by suppressing TGFβ receptor 1 (TGFβR1)/Smad2/3 and TGFβR1/glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) axis signaling. In the case of MCD-diet-induced NASH, DWN12088 reduced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and lipoapoptosis and prevented the progression of fibrosis. CONCLUSION Our findings provide new insights about DWN12088, namely that it plays an important role in the overall improvement of NASH. Hence, DWN12088 shows great potential to be developed as a new integrated therapeutic agent for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Keon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Division of Research Program, Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Su Ho Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Na Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Deok-Hoon Kong
- Division of Research Program, Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- Division of Research Program, Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Joon Seok Park
- Drug Discovery Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute of Metabolism and Inflammation, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Duan Y, Chao C, Yu J, Liu Y, Wang S. Effects of different sources of proteins on the formation of starch-lipid-protein complexes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126853. [PMID: 37703984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the influence of different sources of proteins on the formation of complexes with starch and lipid were investigated. A model system containing wheat starch (WS), palmitic acid (PA) and four proteins (whey protein isolate, egg white protein, soy protein isolate and pea protein isolate) was used to prepare the complexes by Rapid Visco Analyzer. The addition of PA in the pasted WS-protein systems resulted in higher cooling viscosity compared to the pasted WS-PA systems, which was interpreted as being due to the formation of WS-PA-protein complexes. Analyses from differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy showed that more complexes were formed in WS-PA-protein systems than in WS-PA systems, especially in the WS-PA-whey protein isolate. The better emulsifying action of whey protein isolate was proposed to be accountable for the greater amounts of complexes formed compared to other three proteins. This study provides important information about the formation of starch-lipid-protein complexes in regard to the selection of proteins for food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chen Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jinglin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Shujun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Lin J, Li B, Xu Q, Liu YS, Kang YL, Wang X, Wang Y, Lei Y, Bai YL, Li XM, Zhou J. DACH1 attenuated PA-induced renal tubular injury through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway. J Endocrinol Invest 2023:10.1007/s40618-023-02253-7. [PMID: 38147289 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palmitic acid (PA), the major saturated fatty acid in the blood, often induces the initiation and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. DACH1 is an important regulator of kidney functions. Herein, we investigated the roles of DACH1 in PA-induced kidney injury. METHODS Clinical data from the NHANES database were subjected to analyse the association between serum PA (sPA), blood glucose and kidney function. Molecular docking of PA was performed with DACH1. Immunohistochemistry, cell viability, annexin V/7-AAD double staining, TUNEL assay, immunofluorescent staining, autophagic flux analysis, qRT-PCR and western blot were performed. RESULTS Clinical data confirmed that sPA was increased significantly in the pathoglycemia individuals compared with controls and correlated negatively with renal function. Our findings suggested that PA could dock with DACH1. DACH1 enhances cell viability by inhibiting apoptosis and attenuating autophagy blockage induced by PA. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that DACH1 ameliorated inflammation and fibrosis through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway in PA-treated renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2). CONCLUSIONS This study proved that sPA presents a risk factor for kidney injuries and DACH1 might serve as a protective target against renal function deterioration in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - B Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Q Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Y S Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medical of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Y L Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Pathogen Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Y Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712099, China
| | - Y L Bai
- Department of Microbiology and Pathogen Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - X M Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No.127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Zhang W, Bao Y, Li HT. Altering structure and enzymatic resistance of high-amylose maize starch by irradiative depolymerization and annealing with palmitic acid as V-type inclusion compound. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 322:121343. [PMID: 37839846 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
This study explored a new physical modification approach to regulate enzymatic resistance of high-amylose starch for potentially better nutritional outcomes. High-amylose maize starch (HAMS) was subjected to chain depolymerization by electron beam irradiation (EBI), followed by inducing ordered structure through annealing in palmitic acid solution (APAS). APAS treatment significantly promotes the formation of ordered structure. Starch after the combinative modification showed up to 5.2 % increase in total crystallinity and up to 1.2 % increase in V-type fraction. The EBI-APAS modification led to increased gelatinization temperature (from 66.1 to 87.6 °C) and reduced final digested percentage under in vitro stimulated digestion conditions. The moderate extent of depolymerization resulted in higher enzymatic resistance, indicating that the extent of depolymerization is crucial in EBI-APAS modification. Pearson analysis showed a significant correlation between gelatinization onset temperature and digestion kinetic parameter (k1, rate constant of fast-phase digestion). Overall, the result suggests that ordered structures of degraded molecules induced by the combinative modification contribute to the enzymatic resistance of starch. This study sheds lights on future applications of EBI-APAS approach to regulate multi-scale structures and nutritional values of high-amylose starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Yulong Bao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Hai-Teng Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Wang GY, Qin SL, Zheng YN, Geng HJ, Chen L, Yao JH, Deng L. Propionate promotes gluconeogenesis by regulating mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in calf hepatocytes. Anim Nutr 2023; 15:88-98. [PMID: 37841648 PMCID: PMC10568569 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing hepatic gluconeogenesis is one of the main modes of meeting the glucose requirement of dairy cows. This study attempted to determine whether the gluconeogenesis precursor propionate had an effect on the expression of the main genes involved in gluconeogenesis in calf hepatocytes and elucidate the associated mechanisms. Calf hepatocytes were obtained from 5 healthy calves (1 d old; 30 to 40 kg) and exposed to 0-, 1-, 2.5-, or 5-mM sodium propionate (NaP), which is known to promote the expression of genes involved in the gluconeogenesis pathway, including fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and glucose-6-phosphatase. With regard to the underlying mechanism, propionate promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, and forkhead box O1 (transcription factors that regulate the expression of hepatic gluconeogenic genes) by promoting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), but inhibiting mTORC2 activity (P < 0.01). We also established a model of palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatic injury in calf hepatocytes and found that PA could inhibit the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes by suppressing the expression of gluconeogenic genes, inhibiting mTORC1, and promoting the activity of mTORC2 (P < 0.01). In contrast, NaP provided protection to calf hepatocytes by counteracting the inhibitory effect of PA on the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes (P < 0.05). Collectively, these findings indicate that NaP enhances the gluconeogenic capacity of calf hepatocytes by regulating the mTOR pathway activity. Thus, in addition to improving the glucose production potential, propionate may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of hepatic injury in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Ning Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Jun Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jun Hu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lu Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Dou Z, Zhang Y, Tang W, Deng Q, Hu B, Chen X, Niu H, Wang W, Li Z, Zhou H, Zeng N. Ultrasonic effects on the degradation kinetics, structural characteristics and protective effects on hepatocyte lipotoxicity induced by palmitic acid of Pueraria Lobata polysaccharides. Ultrason Sonochem 2023; 101:106652. [PMID: 37865008 PMCID: PMC10597800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-molecular-weight Pueraria lobata polysaccharide (PLP) with a molecular weight of 273.54 kDa was degraded by ultrasound, and the ultrasonic degradation kinetics, structural characteristics and hepatoprotective activity of ultrasonic degraded PLP fractions (PLPs) were evaluated. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment significantly reduced the Mw and particle size of PLP, and the kinetic equation of ultrasonic degradation of PLP followed to the midpoint fracture model (the fist-order model). The monosaccharide composition analysis, FT-IR, triple helix structure and XRD analysis all indicated that the ultrasound degradation did not destroy the primary structure of PLP, but the thermal stability of degraded fractions improved. Additionally, the scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the surface morphology of PLP was altered from smooth, flat, compact large flaky structure to a sparse rod-like structure with sparse crosslinking (PLP-7). The degraded PLP fractions (0.5 mg/mL) with lower Mw exhibited better antioxidant activities and protective effects against palmitic acid-induced hepatic lipotoxicity, which may be due to the increased exposure of active groups such as hydroxyl groups of PLP after ultrasound. Further investigation showed that PLPs not only increased Nrf2 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation, thereby activating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, but also enhanced HO-1, NQO-1, γ-GCL gene expressions and promoted superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, which protected hepatocytes against PA-induced oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. Overall, our research might provide an in-depth insight into P. Lobata polysaccharide in ameliorating lipid metabolic disorders, and the results revealed that ultrasonic irradiation could be a promising degradation method to produce value-added polysaccharide for use in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuman Dou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Waijiao Tang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- School of Business Administration, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Baishun Hu
- Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Usnciciences, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Xianwei Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hui Niu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenduo Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Nianyi Zeng
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
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Zhang M, Ma Z, Qi H, Cui X, Li R, Gao X. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of mammary gland tissues reveals the critical role of GPR110 in palmitic acid-stimulated milk protein and fat synthesis. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1665-1677. [PMID: 36946032 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) sensing nutritional signals (amino acids, fatty acids, glucose, etc.) are not fully understood. In this research, we used transcriptome sequencing to analyse differentially expressed genes (DEG) in mouse mammary gland tissues at puberty, lactation and involution stages, in which eight GPCR were selected out and verified by qRT-PCR assay. It was further identified the role of GPR110-mediating nutrients including palmitic acid (PA) and methionine (Met) to improve milk synthesis using mouse mammary epithelial cell line HC11. PA but not Met affected GPR110 expression in a dose-dependent manner. GPR110 knockdown decreased milk protein and fat synthesis and cell proliferation and blocked the stimulation of PA on mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation and sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) expression. In summary, these experimental results disclose DEG related to lactation and reveal that GPR110 mediates PA to activate the mTOR and SREBP-1c pathways to promote milk protein and fat synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonghua Ma
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Qi
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Cui
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou434025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou434025, People's Republic of China
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Gao X, Sun H, Hao S, Sun H, Ge J. Melatonin protects HT-22 cells against palmitic acid-induced glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and cell injuries: Involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and circadian rhythms. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115846. [PMID: 37804870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is ahormonal substance reported with various pharmacological activities.Based on its effects of neuroprotection and metabolic regulation, the aim of the present study is to investigate its potential effect on palmitic acid (PA)-induced cell injuries and glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and explore the possible mechanism. Briefly, HT-22 cells were challenged with PA (0.1 mM, 24 h) and treated with MLT (10-6-10-8 mol/L). Cell proliferation, lipid accumulation and glucose consumption were detected. The protein expression of key molecular involved with the function of synaptic plasticity and circadian rhythms were measured via western blotting, and the expression of Map-2, MT1A, MT1B and Bmal1 were measured via immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that MLT could alleviate the neurotoxicity induced by PA, as indicated by the increased cell proliferation, enhanced fluorescence intensity of Map-2, and decreased lipid deposition and insulin resistance. Moreover, treatment of MLT could reverse the imbalanced expression of p-Akt, p-ERK, Synapsin I, Synaptotagmin I, BDNF, MT1B, Bmal1, and Clock in PA-induced HT-22 cells. These results suggested a remarkably neuroprotective effect of MLT against PA-induced cell injury and glucolipid metabolic dysfunction, the mechanism of which might be involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Huaizhi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Shengwei Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China
| | - Jinfang Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immune Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China.
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Wu J, Li J, Xu H, Qiu N, Huang X, Li H. Periostin drives extracellular matrix degradation, stemness, and chemoresistance by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:153. [PMID: 37716956 PMCID: PMC10504790 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue, which is mainly composed of adipocytes, is a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment, particularly in breast cancer. Adipocytes surround breast cancer cells and may participate in cell‒cell interactions in the breast microenvironment. However, little is currently known about how adipocytes influence the biological behavior of the surrounding breast cancer cells. Hence, this study sought to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of periostin in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells cocultured with adipogenic conditioned medium (ACM) and palmitic acid (PA). METHODS Human TNBC cell lines (MDA‒MB‒231 and SUM159PT) were treated with ACM and PA, then the expression of periostin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and stemness-related molecules were assessed by Western blotting and RT‒qPCR. The cellular viability was assessed using CCK‒8 assay. Plasmid transfection, RNA sequencing, and pathway inhibitor were used to explore the specific mechanisms of periostin. RESULTS ACM and PA elevated the expression of both MMPs and stemness-related molecules in TNBCs. MMPs can promote tumor cell infiltration and migration by degrading the extracellular matrix, and stemness expression increases the development of tumor chemoresistance. Additionally, ACM and PA increased periostin expression, while inhibiting periostin disrupted the involvement of ACM and PA in promoting extracellular matrix degradation, stemness, and chemoresistance in TNBCs. Furthermore, this study found that periostin promoted TNBC progression by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and that inhibition of MAPK/ERK signaling reduced the phenotype caused by periostin upregulation in TNBCs treated with ACM or PA. Finally, the present results showed that the high expression of POSTN, which encodes periostin, was substantially related to worse survival in TNBC patients. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study elucidated for the first time how periostin is the key protein secreted in TNBCs in response to the adipocyte-regulated tumor microenvironment, while periostin-neutralizing antibodies may serve as potential therapeutic agents in relation to TNBC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinna Wu
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Huiya Xu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ni Qiu
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
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Qiu F, Zeng R, Li D, Ye T, Xu W, Wang X, Yan X, Li H, Hu X. Establishment and bioinformatics evaluation of the ethanol combined with palmitic acid-induced mouse hepatocyte AFLD model (the Hu-Qiu Model). Heliyon 2023; 9:e19359. [PMID: 37681138 PMCID: PMC10481297 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcoholic liver disease has brought great harm to human health. Alcoholic fatty liver disease is the first stage in the progression of all chronic alcoholic liver diseases. At present, there is no cell model that fully matches the etiology (high-fat diet + alcohol) of human alcoholic fatty liver disease. We used 100 mM ethanol +6.25 μM PA to establish the ethanol combined with PA-induced mouse hepatocyte AFLD model (EP-AFLD hepatocyte model) and performed the RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing. Through bioinformatics analysis and comparison, we discovered that the EP-AFLD hepatocyte model was more suitable for studying the pathological mechanism of AFLD than the mouse AFLD hepatocyte model induced by ethanol alone. And through bioinformatics analysis, we further discovered that 77 genes from the differential expression gene set of EP-AFLD hepatocyte model were engaged in the pathological process of mouse AFLD and 40 genes were involved in the pathogenesis of both mouse AFLD and human AFLD. In this study, a novel mouse hepatocyte AFLD model was successfully established by combining ethanol and PA, which can be used to study the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of AFLD in mice or humans. This study will provide a brand-new in vitro experimental platform for the in-depth study of AFLD pathogenesis and the screening of AFLD therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Du Li
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tingjie Ye
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yan
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Annevelink CE, Sapp PA, Petersen KS, Shearer GC, Kris-Etherton PM. Diet-derived and diet-related endogenously produced palmitic acid: Effects on metabolic regulation and cardiovascular disease risk. J Clin Lipidol 2023; 17:577-586. [PMID: 37666689 PMCID: PMC10822025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Palmitic acid is the predominant dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the US diet. Plasma palmitic acid is derived from dietary fat and also endogenously from de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and lipolysis. DNL is affected by excess energy intake resulting in overweight and obesity, and the macronutrient profile of the diet. A low-fat diet (higher carbohydrate and/or protein) promotes palmitic acid synthesis in adipocytes and the liver. A high-fat diet is another source of palmitic acid that is taken up by adipose tissue, liver, heart and skeletal muscle via lipolytic mechanisms. Moreover, overweight/obesity and accompanying insulin resistance increase non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) production. Palmitic acid may affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk via mechanisms beyond increasing low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), notably synthesis of ceramides and possibly through branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) from palmitic acid. Ceramides are positively associated with incident CVD, whereas the role of FAHFAs is uncertain. Given the new evidence about dietary regulation of palmitic acid metabolism there is interest in learning more about how diet modulates circulating palmitic acid concentrations and, hence, potentially CVD risk. This is important because of the heightened interest in low carbohydrate (carbohydrate controlled) and high carbohydrate (low-fat) diets coupled with the ongoing overweight/obesity epidemic, all of which can increase plasma palmitic acid levels by different mechanisms. Consequently, learning more about palmitic acid biochemistry, trafficking and how its metabolites affect CVD risk will inform future dietary guidance to further lower the burden of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen E Annevelink
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Philip A Sapp
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kristina S Petersen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Greg C Shearer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Penny M Kris-Etherton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Karim N, Liu S, Rashwan AK, Xie J, Mo J, Osman AI, Rooney DW, Chen W. Green synthesis of nanolipo-fibersomes using Nutriose® FB 06 for delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside delivery: Characterization, physicochemical properties, and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125839. [PMID: 37454997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are potential bioactive compounds with less bioavailability due to instability in physicochemical and physiological harsh environments. This study synthesized a "nanolipo-fibersomes (NLFS)" using Lipoid® S75 and Nutriose® FB 06 (dextrinization of wheat starch) through a self-assembly technique with probe sonication. We aimed to encapsulate delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside (D3S) successfully and evaluate physicochemical and controlled release properties with improved antioxidant activity on palmitic acid (PA)-induced colonic cells (Caco-2 cells). D3S-loaded nanolipo-fibersomes (D3S-NLFS) were nanosized (<150 nm), spherical shaped, and homogenously dispersed in solution with promising encapsulation efficiency (~ 89.31 to 97.31 %). Particles formation was further verified by FTIR. NLFS were well-stable in thermal, storage, and gastrointestinal mimic environments. NLFS exhibited better-controlled release and mucoadhesive properties compared to nanoliposomes (NL). The NLFS showed better cellular uptake than NL, which was correlated to higher mucoadhesive properties. Furthermore, D3S-NLFS exhibited promising protective effects against PA-induced cytotoxicity, O2•- radicals generation, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and GSH depletion, while the free D3S was ineffective. Among D3S-loaded nanoparticles, D3S-NLFS 3 was the most efficient nanocarrier followed by D3S-NLFS 2, D3S-NLFS 1, and D3S-NL, respectively. The above data suggest that nanolipo-fibersomes can be considered as promising nanovesicles for improving colonic delivery of hydrophilic compounds with controlled release properties and greater antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naymul Karim
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ahmed K Rashwan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Food and Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Jiahong Xie
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianling Mo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ahmed I Osman
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - David W Rooney
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Zhang YY, Li J, Li F, Xue S, Xu QY, Zhang YQ, Feng L. Palmitic acid combined with γ-interferon inhibits gastric cancer progression by modulating tumor-associated macrophages' polarization via the TLR4 pathway. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7053-7067. [PMID: 36862159 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute the main infiltrating immune cells in the solid tumor microenvironment. Amounting studies have analyzed the antitumor effect on immune response induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), γ-interferon (γ-IFN), and palmitic Acid (PA). However, their combined treatment for gastric cancer (GC) has not been illuminated. METHODS We investigated the relevance of macrophage polarization and the effect of PA and γ-IFN in GC in vitro and in vivo. M1 and M2 macrophage-associated markers were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry, and the activation level of the TLR4 signaling pathways was evaluated by western blot analysis. The effect of PA and γ-IFN on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells (GCCs) was evaluated by Cell-Counting Kit-8, transwell assays, and wound-healing assays. In vivo animal models were used to verify the effect of PA and γ-IFN on tumor progression, and the M1 and M2 macrophage markers, CD8 + T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Treg) cells, and the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor tissues were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical (IHC). RESULTS The results showed that this combination strategy enhanced M1-like macrophages and diminished M2-like macrophages through the TLR4 signaling pathway in vitro. In addition, the combination strategy impairs the proliferative and migratory activity of GCC in vitro and in vivo. While, the antitumor effect was abolished using the TAK-424 (a specific TLR-4 signaling pathway inhibitor) in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The combined treatment of PA and γ-IFN inhibited GC progression by modulating macrophages polarization via the TLR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Jian Li
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Fan Li
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Shuai Xue
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Qing-Yu Xu
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Li Feng
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China.
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Loh CH, Kuo WW, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Situmorang JH, Huang CY. PKC-δ-dependent mitochondrial ROS attenuation is involved as 9-OAHSA combats lipoapotosis in rat hepatocytes induced by palmitic acid and in Syrian hamsters induced by high-fat high-cholesterol high-fructose diet. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 470:116557. [PMID: 37207915 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a global concern, often undetected until reaching an advanced stage. Palmitic acid (PA) is a type of fatty acid that increases and leads to liver apoptosis in MAFLD. However, there is currently no approved therapy or compound for MAFLD. Recently, branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), a group of bioactive lipids, have emerged as promising agents to treat associated metabolic diseases. This study utilizes one type of FAHFA, oleic acid ester of 9-hydroxystearic acid (9-OAHSA), to treat PA-induced lipoapoptosis in an in vitro MAFLD model using rat hepatocytes and a high-fat high-cholesterol high-fructose (HFHCHFruc) diet in Syrian hamsters. The results indicate that 9-OAHSA rescues hepatocytes from PA-induced apoptosis and attenuates lipoapoptosis and dyslipidemia in Syrian hamsters. Additionally, 9-OAHSA decreases the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS) and stabilizes the mitochondrial membrane potential in hepatocytes. The study also demonstrates that the effect of 9-OAHSA on mito-ROS generation is at least partially mediated by PKC-δ signaling. These findings suggest that 9-OAHSA shows promise as a therapy for MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Loh
- Department of Family Medicine and Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for Aging and Health, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jiro Hasegawa Situmorang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for Biomedical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Takeno S, Hirata Y, Kitamura K, Ohtake T, Aoki K, Murata N, Hayashi M, Ikeda M. Metabolic engineering to produce palmitic acid or palmitoleic acid in an oleic acid-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum strain. Metab Eng 2023; 78:148-158. [PMID: 37286071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Focusing on the differences in the catalytic properties of two type I fatty acid synthases FasA and FasB, the fasA gene was disrupted in an oleic acid-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum strain. The resulting oleic acid-requiring strain whose fatty acid synthesis depends only on FasB exhibited almost exclusive production (217 mg/L) of palmitic acid (C16:0) from 1% glucose under the conditions supplemented with the minimum concentration of sodium oleate for growth. Plasmid-mediated amplification of fasB led to a 1.47-fold increase in palmitic acid production (320 mg/L), while fasB disruption resulted in no fatty acid production, with excretion of malonic acid (30 mg/L). Next, aiming at conversion of the palmitic acid producer to a producer of palmitoleic acid (POA, C16:1Δ9), we introduced the Pseudomonas nitroreducens Δ9-desaturase genes desBC into the palmitic acid producer. Although this resulted in failure, we noticed the emergence of suppressor mutants that exhibited the oleic acid-non-requiring phenotype. Production experiments revealed that one such mutant M-1 undoubtedly produced POA (17 mg/L) together with palmitic acid (173 mg/L). Whole genomic analysis and subsequent genetic analysis identified the suppressor mutation of strain M-1 as a loss-of-function mutation for the DtxR protein, a global regulator of iron metabolism. Considering that DesBC are both iron-containing enzymes, we investigated the conditions for increased iron availability to improve the DesBC-dependent conversion ratio of palmitic acid to POA. Eventually, supplementation of both hemin and the iron chelator protocatechuic acid in the engineered strain dramatically enhanced POA production to 161 mg/L with a conversion ratio of 80.1%. Cellular fatty acid analysis revealed that the POA-producing cells were really equipped with unnatural membrane lipids comprised predominantly of palmitic acid (85.1% of total cellular fatty acids), followed by non-native POA (12.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiki Takeno
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirata
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kako Kitamura
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Ohtake
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Aoki
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Noriko Murata
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Mikiro Hayashi
- Bioprocess Development Center, Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masato Ikeda
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.
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Choudhary P, Boamah B, Hon Ng S, White A, Weber LP, Wilson HL. Solidified saturated fats coating subunit vaccines greatly extended vaccine booster release and contributed to a Th1/Th2 mixed immune response in mice. Vaccine 2023; 41:3989-4001. [PMID: 37230887 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delayed release of vaccine coupled with a soluble vaccine acts as a primer and a booster with only a single administration, which would be very beneficial to livestock producers. We developed a subdermal pellet consisting of solid-phase pure stearic acid (SA) or palmitic acid (PA) that was used to encapsulate a small volume liquid vaccine consisting of fluorescently labeled *Ovalbumin (Cy5-*OVA) formulated with Emulsigen-D +/- Poly I:C (EMP) adjuvants. Mice were also immunized via the subcutaneous route with Cy5-*OVA-EMP (soluble liquid). The vaccine leached out of the pellet with very little dissolution of the fat itself resulting in the sustained subdermal delivery of antigens and adjuvants. Cy5-*OVA was still visible 60 days post administration in mice immunized with stearic acid-coated or palmitic acid-coated pellets. In these mice, persistently high IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titres were detected as well as significant IFNγ production at least 60 days post-injection. These responses were significantly higher than those observed after a single subcutaneous injection of the vaccine. A repeat trial with the pellets alone +/- the soluble vaccine showed comparable immune responses after surgical implantation of the pellet, suggesting that pellet alone may be sufficient. The PA-coated vaccines led to dermal inflammation in the mice that would limit usefulness of this vehicle, but this was largely absent when SA was used to coat the pellets. These data suggest that the SA-coated adjuvanted vaccine prolonged the release of the vaccine and triggered a comparable immune response to the mice that received the two liquid injections, and a single pellet vaccine should be tested as a novel immunization method for livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Bright Boamah
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Siew Hon Ng
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Aaron White
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Lynn P Weber
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada; School of Public Health, Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Zhang J, Chen S, Xiang H, Xiao J, Zhao S, Shu Z, Chai Y, Ouyang J, Liu H, Wang X, Quan Q, Fan J, Gao P, Chen AF, Lu H. S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes diabetic nephropathy by inducting endothelial mesenchymal transition and impairing endothelial barrier function. Life Sci 2023:121853. [PMID: 37307963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are key factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and renal fibrosis is the most common pathway leading to the disease. Endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a crucial mechanism for the production of myofibroblasts, and impaired endothelial barrier function is one of the mechanisms for the generation of microalbuminuria in DN. However, the specific mechanisms behind these are not yet clear. MAIN METHODS Protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 were used to inhibit Wnt3a, RhoA, ROCK1, β-catenin, and Snail signaling. Changes in cell function were analyzed by CCK-8 method, cell scratching assay, FITC-dextran permeability assay, and Evans blue staining. KEY FINDINGS Consistent with increased gene expression of S1PR2 in DN patients and mice with kidney fibrosis disease, S1PR2 expression was significantly increased in glomerular endothelial cells of DN mice and HUVEC cells treated with glucolipids. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 significantly decreased the expression of Wnt3a, RhoA, ROCK1, and β-catenin in endothelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of S1PR2 in vivo reversed EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction in glomerular endothelial cells. Inhibition of S1PR2 and ROCK1 in vitro also reversed EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction in endothelial cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that the S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of DN by inducing EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaoli Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihao Shu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanfei Chai
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqin Liu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueweng Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qisheng Quan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianing Fan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Development and Regenerative Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Saisomboon S, Kariya R, Boonnate P, Sawanyawisuth K, Cha'on U, Luvira V, Chamgramol Y, Pairojkul C, Seubwai W, Silsirivanit A, Wongkham S, Okada S, Jitrapakdee S, Vaeteewoottacharn K. Diminishing acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 attenuates CCA migration via AMPK-NF-κB-snail axis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166694. [PMID: 36972768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a cancer of the biliary tract, is a significant health problem in Thailand. Reprogramming of cellular metabolism and upregulation of lipogenic enzymes have been revealed in CCA, but the mechanism is unclear. The current study highlighted the importance of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo lipogenesis, on CCA migration. ACC1 expression in human CCA tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that increased ACC1 was related to the shorter survival of CCA patients. Herein, ACC1-deficient cell lines (ACC1-KD) were generated by the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (cas9) system and were used for the comparative study. The ACC1 levels in ACC1-KD were 80-90 % lower than in parental cells. Suppression of ACC1 significantly reduced intracellular malonyl-CoA and neutral lipid contents. Two-fold growth retardation and 60-80 % reduced CCA cell migration and invasion were observed in ACC1-KD cells. The reduced 20-40 % of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activation, lowered NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, and snail expression were emphasized. Migration of ACC1-KD cells was restored by supplementation with palmitic acid and malonyl-CoA. Altogether, the importance of rate-limiting enzyme in de novo fatty acid synthesis, ACC1, and AMPK-NF-κB-snail axis on CCA progression was suggested herein. These might be the novel targets for CCA drug design. (ACC1, AMPK, Cholangiocarcinoma, De novo lipogenesis, NF-κB, Palmitic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saowaluk Saisomboon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ryusho Kariya
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Piyanard Boonnate
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ubon Cha'on
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Vor Luvira
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Yaovalux Chamgramol
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Sarawut Jitrapakdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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Salsinha AS, Socodato R, Rodrigues A, Vale-Silva R, Relvas JB, Pintado M, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM. Potential of omega-3 and conjugated fatty acids to control microglia inflammatory imbalance elicited by obesogenic nutrients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159331. [PMID: 37172801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced obesity detrimentally affects brain function by inducing chronic low-grade inflammation. This neuroinflammation is, at least in part, likely to be mediated by microglia, which are the main immune cell population in the brain. Microglia express a wide range of lipid-sensitive receptors and their activity can be modulated by fatty acids that cross the blood-brain barrier. Here, by combining live cell imaging and FRET technology we assessed how different fatty acids modulate microglia activity. We demonstrate that the combined action of fructose and palmitic acid induce Ikβα degradation and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit nuclear factor kB (NF-κB) in HCM3 human microglia. Such obesogenic nutrients also lead to reactive oxygen species production and LynSrc activation (critical regulators of microglia inflammation). Importantly, short-time exposure to omega-3 (EPA and DHA), CLA and CLNA are sufficient to abolish NF-κB pathway activation, suggesting a potential neuroprotective role. Omega-3 and CLA also show an antioxidant potential by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production, and the activation of LynSrc in microglia. Furthermore, using chemical agonists (TUG-891) and antagonists (AH7614) of GPR120/FFA4, we demonstrated that omega-3, CLA and CLNA inhibition of the NF-κB pathway is mediated by this receptor, while omega-3 and CLA antioxidant potential occurs through different signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Salsinha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - R Socodato
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - A Rodrigues
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - R Vale-Silva
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - J B Relvas
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurobiology and Neurological Disease, Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - L M Rodríguez-Alcalá
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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Bergen J, Karasova M, Bileck A, Pignitter M, Marko D, Gerner C, Del Favero G. Exposure to dietary fatty acids oleic and palmitic acid alters structure and mechanotransduction of intestinal cells in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1659-1675. [PMID: 37117602 PMCID: PMC10182945 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal cells are continuously exposed to food constituents while adapting to peristaltic movement and fluid shear stress. Oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) are among the most prevalent fatty acids with respect to dietary lipids. Despite the central importance of dietary lipids for a balanced diet, awareness about potential detrimental effects related to excessive consumption is increasing; this includes toxicity, metabolic deregulation, and, particularly for cancer cells, a benefit from the uptake of fatty acids related to promotion of metastasis. Expanding on this, we started elucidating the effects of OA and PA (25-500 µM) on non-transformed human intestinal epithelial cells (HCEC-1CT) in comparison to colon carcinoma cells (HCT116), with regard to the mechanosensory apparatus. Hence, intestinal cells' motility is on the one side essential to ensure adaption to peristaltic movement and barrier function, but also to enable metastatic progression. Incubation with both OA and PA (≥ 25 µM) significantly decreased membrane fluidity of HCT116 cells, whereas the effect on HCEC-1CT was more limited. Application of rhodamine-labelled PA demonstrated that the fatty acid is incorporated into the plasma membrane of HCT116, which could not be observed in the non-tumorigenic cell line. Down-streaming into the intracellular compartment, a pronounced rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton was evident in both cell lines (OA and PA; 25 and 100 µM). This was accompanied by a variation of translocation efficiency of the mechanosensitive co-transcription factor YAP1, albeit with a stronger effect seen for PA and the cancer cells. Untargeted proteomic analysis confirmed that exposure to OA and PA could alter the response capacity of HCT116 cells to fluid shear stress. Taken together, OA and PA were able to functionally modulate the mechanosensory apparatus of intestinal cells, implying a novel role for dietary fatty acids in the regulation of intestinal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Bergen
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Karasova
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 38-42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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49
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Lv L, Wang X, Wu H. Assessment of palmitic acid toxicity to animal hearts and other major organs based on acute toxicity, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106899. [PMID: 37058761 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Palmitic acid is a common ingredient in many foods and traditional Chinese medicines. However, modern pharmacological experiments have shown that palmitic acid has toxic side effects. It can damage glomeruli, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes, as well as promote the growth of lung cancer cells. Despite this, there are few reports evaluating the safety of palmitic acid through animal experiments, and the mechanism of palmitic acid toxicity remains unclear. Clarifying the adverse reactions and mechanisms of palmitic acid in animal hearts and other major organs is of great significance for ensuring the safety of clinical application. Therefore, this study records an acute toxicity experiment on palmitic acid in a mouse model, and the observation of pathological changes in the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys. It is found that palmitic acid had toxic and side effects on animal heart. Then the key targets of palmitic acid in regulating cardiac toxicity were screened using network pharmacology, and a "component-target-cardiotoxicity" network diagram and PPI network were constructed. The mechanisms regulating cardiotoxicity were explored using KEGG signal pathway and GO biological process enrichment analyses. Molecular docking models were used for verification. The results showed that the maximum dose of palmitic acid had low toxicity in the hearts of mice. The mechanism of cardiotoxicity of palmitic acid involves multiple targets, biological processes, and signaling pathways. Palmitic acid can induce steatosis in hepatocytes, and regulate cancer cells. This study preliminarily evaluated the safety of palmitic acid and provided a scientific basis for its safe application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiangpei Wang
- National Medical College, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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50
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Fan J, Liu M, Li X, Gao S, Wang Y, Li A, Chen L, Zhou D, Chen H, Xu Z, Wu Z, Wu K. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 regulates palmitic acid-mediated apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 650:123-131. [PMID: 36791545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis caused by fat metabolism disorder plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) has multiple functions, including regulating redox and DNA repair. However, the role of APE1 in the pathogenesis of DCM remains unclear. To investigate the mechanism of APE1 on high-fat induced apoptosis in H9C2 cells, we treated H9C2 cells with palmitic acid (PA) as an apoptosis model caused by hyperlipidemia. We found that PA reduced the viability and increased apoptosis of H9C2 cells by inducing up-regulation of APE1 protein and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. APE1 knockdown enhanced PA-induced apoptosis, and ER stress and overexpression of APE1 demonstrated the opposite effect. Furthermore, APE1 regulated PA-induced apoptosis via ER stress. The APE1 mutant (C65A, lack of redox regulation) loses its protective effect against ER stress and apoptosis. These findings indicate that APE1 protects PA-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis through ER stress via its redox-regulated function. This study provided new insights into the therapy for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Fan
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Manqi Liu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - ShengLan Gao
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Ao Li
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Dengshuang Zhou
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Hongqiao Chen
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Zhiliang Xu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
| | - Zijun Wu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
| | - Keng Wu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
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