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Narula K, Sinha A, Choudhary P, Ghosh S, Elagamey E, Sharma A, Sengupta A, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S. Combining extracellular matrix proteome and phosphoproteome of chickpea and meta-analysis reveal novel proteoforms and evolutionary significance of clade-specific wall-associated events in plant. Plant Direct 2024; 8:e572. [PMID: 38500675 PMCID: PMC10945595 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays central roles in cell architecture, innate defense and cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling. During transition to multicellularity, modular domain structures of ECM proteins and proteoforms have evolved due to continuous adaptation across taxonomic clades under different ecological niche. Although this incredible diversity has to some extent been investigated at protein level, extracellular phosphorylation events and molecular evolution of ECM proteoform families remains unexplored. We developed matrisome proteoform atlas in a grain legume, chickpea and performed meta-analyses of 74 plant matrisomes. MS/MS analysis identified 1,424 proteins and 315 phosphoproteins involved in diverse functions. Cross-species ECM protein network identified proteoforms associated with CWI maintenance system. Phylogenetic characterization of eighteen matrix protein families highlighted the role of taxon-specific paralogs and orthologs. Novel information was acquired on gene expansion and loss, co-divergence, sub functionalization and neofunctionalization during evolution. Modular networks of matrix protein families and hub proteins showed higher diversity across taxonomic clades than among organs. Furthermore, protein families differ in nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rates. Our study pointed towards the matrix proteoform functionality, sequence divergence variation, interactions between wall remodelers and molecular evolution using a phylogenetic framework. This is the first report on comprehensive matrisome proteoform network illustrating presence of CWI signaling proteins in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Narula
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
| | - Arunima Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
| | | | - Sudip Ghosh
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
| | - Eman Elagamey
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
- Plant Pathology Research InstituteAgricultural Research Center (ARC)GizaEgypt
| | - Archana Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
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Choudhary P, Bhanjana G, Kumar S, Dilbaghi N. Development and evaluation of eco-friendly carvacrol nanoemulsion as a sustainable biopesticide against bacterial leaf blight of cluster bean. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:452-462. [PMID: 37721471 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of carvacrol plant antibacterial components has recently become a hot topic in modern farming. Carvacrol industrial applications are restricted by their physicochemical instability and partial solubility in water. In the present study, an ultrasonic emulsification method was used to prepare a carvacrol nanoemulsion (CAR-NE) employing nonionic surfactants. The CAR-NE was characterized using a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The goal of this work was nanoencapsulation of carvacrol to improve its aqueous solubility and preservation of the encapsulated compound against climatic conditions. Another aim of the present study was the evaluation of the growth-promoting effects and antibacterial potential of CAR-NE against bacterial leaf blight of cluster bean. RESULTS CAR-NE showed a hydrodynamic diameter, ZP and PDI index of 43.88 ± 4.30 nm, -47.8 ± 0.23 mV and 0.246 ± 0.04, respectively. The spherical shape morphology of CAR-NE was confirmed by TEM imaging. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the CAR-NE were 20 and 160 μL mL-1 (respectively) against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis. Additionally, the antibacterial potential of CAR-NE was evaluated for controlling bacterial blight of cluster bean in fields. The disease severity in the negative control plants (water) was 84%, but that in the CAR-NE 160 (μL mL-1 ) was remarkably low at 14%, nearly the same as the positive control (streptomycin sulfate). CONCLUSION The shelf-life of CAR-NE was 2 months at room temperature without any appreciable changes in hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential. Consequently, plants treated with CAR-NE 160 showed substantial improvement in plant growth. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Gaurav Bhanjana
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
- Physics Department, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio & Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India
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Choudhary P, Magloire D, Hamonic G, Wilson HL. Immune responses in the uterine mucosa: clues for vaccine development in pigs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171212. [PMID: 37483639 PMCID: PMC10361056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system in the upper reproductive tract (URT) protects against sexually transmitted pathogens, while at the same time providing immune tolerance responses against allogenic sperm and the developing fetus. The uterine environment is also responsive to hormonal variations during the estrus cycle, although the most likely timing of exposure to pathogens is during estrus and breeding when the cervix is semi-permissive. The goal for intrauterine immunization would be to induce local or systemic immunity and/or to promote colostral/lactogenic immunity that will passively protect suckling offspring. The developing fetus is not the vaccine target. This minireview article focuses on the immune response induced in the pig uterus (uterine body and uterine horns) with some comparative references to other livestock species, mice, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Donaldson Magloire
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Glenn Hamonic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Heather L. Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Choudhary P, Boamah B, Hon Ng S, White A, Weber LP, Wilson HL. Solidified saturated fats coating subunit vaccines greatly extended vaccine booster release and contributed to a Th1/Th2 mixed immune response in mice. Vaccine 2023; 41:3989-4001. [PMID: 37230887 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delayed release of vaccine coupled with a soluble vaccine acts as a primer and a booster with only a single administration, which would be very beneficial to livestock producers. We developed a subdermal pellet consisting of solid-phase pure stearic acid (SA) or palmitic acid (PA) that was used to encapsulate a small volume liquid vaccine consisting of fluorescently labeled *Ovalbumin (Cy5-*OVA) formulated with Emulsigen-D +/- Poly I:C (EMP) adjuvants. Mice were also immunized via the subcutaneous route with Cy5-*OVA-EMP (soluble liquid). The vaccine leached out of the pellet with very little dissolution of the fat itself resulting in the sustained subdermal delivery of antigens and adjuvants. Cy5-*OVA was still visible 60 days post administration in mice immunized with stearic acid-coated or palmitic acid-coated pellets. In these mice, persistently high IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titres were detected as well as significant IFNγ production at least 60 days post-injection. These responses were significantly higher than those observed after a single subcutaneous injection of the vaccine. A repeat trial with the pellets alone +/- the soluble vaccine showed comparable immune responses after surgical implantation of the pellet, suggesting that pellet alone may be sufficient. The PA-coated vaccines led to dermal inflammation in the mice that would limit usefulness of this vehicle, but this was largely absent when SA was used to coat the pellets. These data suggest that the SA-coated adjuvanted vaccine prolonged the release of the vaccine and triggered a comparable immune response to the mice that received the two liquid injections, and a single pellet vaccine should be tested as a novel immunization method for livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Bright Boamah
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Siew Hon Ng
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Aaron White
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Lynn P Weber
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada; School of Public Health, Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Kearney K, Cordina R, Choudhary P, Tanous D, Celermajer D, Keogh A, Bart N, Jabbour A, Kotlyar E, Jansz P, Hayward C, Muthiah K, MacDonald P. Post-Transplantation Outcomes of Adult Congenital Heart Disease. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Choudhary P, Pramitha L, Aggarwal PR, Rana S, Vetriventhan M, Muthamilarasan M. Biotechnological interventions for improving the seed longevity in cereal crops: progress and prospects. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:309-325. [PMID: 35443842 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2027863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Seed longevity is a measure of the viability of seeds during long-term storage and is crucial for germplasm conservation and crop improvement programs. Also, longevity is an important trait for ensuring food and nutritional security. Thus, a better understanding of various factors regulating seed longevity is requisite to improve this trait and to minimize the genetic drift during the regeneration of germplasm. In particular, seed deterioration of cereal crops during storage adversely affects agricultural productivity and food security. The irreversible process of seed deterioration involves a complex interplay between different genes and regulatory pathways leading to: loss of DNA integrity, membrane damage, inactivation of storage enzymes and mitochondrial dysfunction. Identifying the genetic determinants of seed longevity and manipulating them using biotechnological tools hold the key to ensuring prolonged seed storage. Genetics and genomics approaches had identified several genomic regions regulating the longevity trait in major cereals such as: rice, wheat, maize and barley. However, very few studies are available in other Poaceae members, including millets. Deploying omics tools, including genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics, and integrating the datasets will pinpoint the precise molecular determinants affecting the survivability of seeds. Given this, the present review enumerates the genetic factors regulating longevity and demonstrates the importance of integrated omics strategies to dissect the molecular machinery underlying seed deterioration. Further, the review provides a roadmap for deploying biotechnological approaches to manipulate the genes and genomic regions to develop improved cultivars with prolonged storage potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lydia Pramitha
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sumi Rana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mani Vetriventhan
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India
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Choudhary P, Shukla P, Muthamilarasan M. Genetic enhancement of climate-resilient traits in small millets: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14502. [PMID: 37064482 PMCID: PMC10102230 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is facing the challenge of feeding the ever-growing population that is projected to reach ten billion by 2050. While improving crop yield and productivity can address this challenge, the increasing effects of global warming and climate change seriously threaten agricultural productivity. Thus, genomics and genome modification technologies are crucial to improving climate-resilient traits to enable sustained yield and productivity; however, significant research focuses on staple crops such as rice, wheat, and maize. Crops that are naturally climate-resilient and nutritionally superior to staple cereals, such as small millets, remain neglected and underutilized by mainstream research. The ability of small millets to grow in marginal regions having limited irrigation and poor soil fertility makes these crops a better choice for cultivation in arid and semi-arid areas. Hence, mainstreaming small millets for cultivation and using omics technologies to dissect the climate-resilient traits to identify the molecular determinants underlying these traits are imperative for addressing food and nutritional security. In this context, the review discusses the genomics and genome modification approaches for dissecting key traits in small millets and their application for improving these traits in cultivated germplasm. The review also discusses biofortification for nutritional security and machine-learning approaches for trait improvement in small millets. Altogether, the review provides a roadmap for the effective use of next-generation approaches for trait improvement in small millets. This will lead to the development of improved varieties for addressing multiple insecurities prevailing in the present climate change scenario.
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Punia A, Choudhary P, Sharma N, Dahiya S, Gulia P, Chhillar AK. Therapeutic Approaches for Combating Aspergillus Associated Infection. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1465-1488. [PMID: 35748549 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220623164548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Now-a-days fungal infection emerges as a significant problem to healthcare management systems due to high frequency of associated morbidity, mortality toxicity, drug-drug interactions, and resistance of the antifungal agents. Aspergillus is the most common mold that cause infection in immunocompromised hosts. It's a hyaline mold that is cosmopolitan and ubiquitous in nature. Aspergillus infects around 10 million population each year with a mortality rate of 30-90%. Clinically available antifungal formulations are restricted to four classes (i.e., polyene, triazole, echinocandin, and allylamine), and each of them have their own limitations associated with the activity spectrum, the emergence of resistance, and toxicity. Consequently, novel antifungal agents with modified and altered chemical structures are required to combat these invasive fungal infections. To overcome these limitations, there is an urgent need for new antifungal agents that can act as potent drugs in near future. Currently, some compounds have shown effective antifungal activity. In this review article, we have discussed all potential antifungal therapies that contain old antifungal drugs, combination therapies, and recent novel antifungal formulations, with a focus on the Aspergillus associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Punia
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Namita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Sweety Dahiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Prity Gulia
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Anil K Chhillar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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Choudhary P, Muthamilarasan M. Modulating physiological and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms for enhanced climate resilience in cereal crops. J Plant Physiol 2022; 278:153815. [PMID: 36150236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change adversely affects the yield and productivity of cereal crops, which consequently impacts food security. Therefore, studying stress acclimation, particularly transcriptional patterns and morpho-physiological responses of cereal crops to different stresses, will provide insights into the molecular determinants underlying climate resilience. The availability of advanced tools and approaches has enabled the characterization of plants at morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels, which will lead to the identification of genomic regions regulating the stress responses at these levels. This will further facilitate using transgenic, breeding, or genome editing approaches to manipulate the identified regions (genes, alleles, or QTLs) to enhance stress resilience. Next-generation sequencing approaches have advanced the identification of causal genes and markers in the genomes through forward or reverse genetics. In this context, the review enumerates the progress of dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional and physiological responses of major cereals to climate-induced stresses. The review systematically discusses different tools and approaches available to study the response of plants to various stresses and identify the molecular determinants regulating stress-resilience. Further, the application of genomics-assisted breeding, transgene-, and targeted editing-based approaches for modulating the genetic determinants for enhanced climate resilience has been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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Aggarwal PR, Pramitha L, Choudhary P, Singh RK, Shukla P, Prasad M, Muthamilarasan M. Multi-omics intervention in Setaria to dissect climate-resilient traits: Progress and prospects. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:892736. [PMID: 36119586 PMCID: PMC9470963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.892736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Millets constitute a significant proportion of underutilized grasses and are well known for their climate resilience as well as excellent nutritional profiles. Among millets, foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and its wild relative green foxtail (S. viridis) are collectively regarded as models for studying broad-spectrum traits, including abiotic stress tolerance, C4 photosynthesis, biofuel, and nutritional traits. Since the genome sequence release, the crop has seen an exponential increase in omics studies to dissect agronomic, nutritional, biofuel, and climate-resilience traits. These studies have provided first-hand information on the structure, organization, evolution, and expression of several genes; however, knowledge of the precise roles of such genes and their products remains elusive. Several open-access databases have also been instituted to enable advanced scientific research on these important crops. In this context, the current review enumerates the contemporary trend of research on understanding the climate resilience and other essential traits in Setaria, the knowledge gap, and how the information could be translated for the crop improvement of related millets, biofuel crops, and cereals. Also, the review provides a roadmap for studying other underutilized crop species using Setaria as a model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lydia Pramitha
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Pooja Shukla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Choudhary P, Khajavinia A, Mohammadi R, Ng SH, Bérubé N, Yalamati D, Haddadi A, Wilson HL. A Single-Dose Intramuscular Nanoparticle Vaccine With or Without Prior Intrauterine Priming Triggers Specific Uterine and Colostral Mucosal Antibodies and Systemic Immunity in Gilts but Not Passive Protection for Suckling Piglets. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:931232. [PMID: 35990278 PMCID: PMC9383261 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.931232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective single-dose vaccine that protects the dam and her suckling offspring against infectious disease would be widely beneficial to livestock animals. We assessed whether a single-dose intramuscular (i.m.) porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) vaccine administered to the gilt 30 days post-breeding could generate mucosal and systemic immunity and sufficient colostral and mature milk antibodies to protect suckling piglets against infectious challenge. The vaccine was comprised of polymeric poly-(lactide-co-glycolide) (PGLA)-nanoparticle (NP) encapsulating recombinant PEDV spike protein 1 (PEDVS1) associated with ARC4 and ARC7 adjuvants, a muramyl dipeptide analog and a monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) analog, respectively (NP-PEDVS1). To establish whether prior mucosal exposure could augment the i.m. immune response and/or contribute to mucosal tolerance, gilts were immunized with the NP-PEDVS1 vaccine via the intrauterine route at breeding, followed by the i.m. vaccine 30 days later. Archived colostrum from gilts that were challenged with low-dose PEDV plus alum was used as positive reference samples for neutralizing antibodies and passive protection. On day 100 of gestation (70 days post i.m. immunization), both vaccinated groups showed significant PEDVS1-specific IgG and IgA in the serum, as well as in uterine tissue collected on the day of euthanasia. Anti-PEDVS1 colostral IgG antibody titers collected at farrowing were significantly higher relative to the negative control gilts indicating that the NP vaccine was effective in contributing to the colostral antibodies. The PEDVS1-specific colostral IgA and anti-PEDVS1 IgG and IgA antibodies in the mature milk collected 6 days after farrowing were low for both vaccinated groups. No statistical differences between the vaccinated groups were observed, suggesting that the i.u. priming vaccine did not induce mucosal tolerance. Piglets born to either group of vaccinated gilts did not receive sufficient neutralizing antibodies to protect them against infectious PEDV at 3 days of age. In summary, a single i.m. NP vaccine administered 30 days after breeding and a joint i.u./i.m. vaccine administered at breeding and 30 days post-breeding induced significant anti-PEDVS1 immunity in systemic and mucosal sites but did not provide passive protection in suckling offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Amir Khajavinia
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ramin Mohammadi
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Siew Hon Ng
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bérubé
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Azita Haddadi
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Heather L. Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics Program at the School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Heather L. Wilson
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Camerlingo N, Vettoretti M, Del Favero S, Facchinetti A, Choudhary P, Sparacino G. Generation of post-meal insulin correction boluses in type 1 diabetes simulation models for in-silico clinical trials: More realistic scenarios obtained using a decision tree approach. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2022; 221:106862. [PMID: 35597208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In type 1 diabetes (T1D) research, in-silico clinical trials (ISCTs) notably facilitate the design/testing of new therapies. Published simulation tools embed mathematical models of blood glucose (BG) and insulin dynamics, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors, and insulin treatments, but lack a realistic description of some aspects of patient lifestyle impacting on glucose control. Specifically, to effectively simulate insulin correction boluses, required to treat post-meal hyperglycemia (BG > 180 mg/dL), the timing of the bolus may be influenced by subjects' behavioral attitudes. In this work, we develop an easily interpretable model of the variability of correction bolus timing observed in real data, and embed it into a popular simulation tool for ISCTs. METHODS Using data collected in 196 adults with T1D monitored in free-living conditions, we trained a decision tree (DT) model to classify whether a correction bolus is injected in a future time window, based on predictors collected back in time, related to CGM data, previous insulin boluses and subject's characteristics. The performance was compared to that of a logistic regression classifier with LASSO regularization (LC), trained on the same dataset. After validation, the DT was embedded within a popular T1D simulation tool and an ISCT was performed to compare the simulated correction boluses against those observed in a subset of data not used for model training. RESULTS The DT provided better classification performance (accuracy: 0.792, sensitivity: 0.430, specificity: 0.878, precision: 0.455) than the LC and presented good interpretability. The most predictive features were related to CGM (and its temporal variations), time since the last insulin bolus, and time of the day. The correction boluses simulated by the DT, after implementation in the simulation tool, showed a good agreement with real-world data. CONCLUSIONS The DT developed in this work represents a simple set of rules to mimic the same timing of correction boluses observed on real data. The inclusion of the model in simulation tools allows investigators to perform ISCTs that more realistically represent the patient behavior in taking correction boluses and the post-prandial BG response. In the future, more complex models can be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Camerlingo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - M Vettoretti
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - S Del Favero
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - A Facchinetti
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - P Choudhary
- Department of Diabetes, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, United Kingdom
| | - G Sparacino
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6B, Padova 35131, Italy.
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13
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Suresh BV, Choudhary P, Aggarwal PR, Rana S, Singh RK, Ravikesavan R, Prasad M, Muthamilarasan M. De novo transcriptome analysis identifies key genes involved in dehydration stress response in kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.). Genomics 2022; 114:110347. [PMID: 35337948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) is a small millet species known for its excellent nutritional and climate-resilient traits. To understand the genes and pathways underlying dehydration stress tolerance of kodo millet, the transcriptome of cultivar 'CO3' subjected to dehydration stress (0 h, 3 h, and 6 h) was sequenced. The study generated 239.1 million clean reads that identified 9201, 9814, and 2346 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 0 h vs. 3 h, 0 h vs. 6 h, and 3 h vs. 6 h libraries, respectively. The DEGs were found to be associated with vital molecular pathways, including hormone metabolism and signaling, antioxidant scavenging, photosynthesis, and cellular metabolism, and were validated using qRT-PCR. Also, a higher abundance of uncharacterized genes expressed during stress warrants further studies to characterize this class of genes to understand their role in dehydration stress response. Altogether, the study provides insights into the transcriptomic response of kodo millet during dehydration stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonthala Venkata Suresh
- Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sumi Rana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
| | | | - Rajasekaran Ravikesavan
- Department of Millets, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manoj Prasad
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India; National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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Sathyanarayanan A, Crabtree T, Choudhary P, Elliott J, Evans ML, Lumb A, Wilmot EG. Delivering evidence-based interventions for type 1 diabetes in the virtual world - A review of UK practice during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 185:109777. [PMID: 35157943 PMCID: PMC8831709 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This review considers the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on access to interventions for those living with type 1 diabetes and discusses the solutions which have been considered and actioned to ensure ongoing access care. METHODS We performed a focussed review of the published literature, and the guidelines for changes that have been effected during the pandemic. We also drew from expert recommendations and information about local practice changes for areas where formal data have not been published. RESULTS Evidence based interventions which support the achievement of improved glucose levels and/or reduction in hypoglycaemia include group structured education to support self-management, insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had impacted the ability of diabetes services to deliver these intervention. Multiple adaptations have been put in place - transition to online delivery of education and care, and usage of diabetes technology. CONCLUSIONS Although various adaptations have been made during the pandemic that have positively influenced uptake of services, there are many areas of delivery that need immediate improvement in the UK. We recommend a proactive approach in recognising the digital divide and inequity in distribution of these changes and we recommend introducing measures to reduce them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Crabtree
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS FT, DE22 3NE, UK; Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - P Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester Diabetes Centre - Bloom, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - J Elliott
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - M L Evans
- Wellcome Trust/ MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK.
| | - A Lumb
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK.
| | - E G Wilmot
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS FT, DE22 3NE, UK; Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Makarious D, Choudhary P. Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy in Adult Congenital Heart Disease: A Review of the Literature. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Conte S, Choudhary P, Iyer A, Jansz P, Macdonald P, Muthiah K. Midodrine to Treat Protein-Losing Enteropathy for Heart Transplant Candidacy. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Kha R, Melov S, Alahakoon T, Kirby A, Choudhary P. Predicting Cardiac and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Adult Congenital Heart Disease: How Much Does Physiology Matter? Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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18
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Choudhary P, Pramitha L, Rana S, Verma S, Aggarwal PR, Muthamilarasan M. Hormonal crosstalk in regulating salinity stress tolerance in graminaceous crops. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:1587-1596. [PMID: 34537966 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major threats that pose challenges to global cereal productivity and food security. Cereals have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to circumvent stress at morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Salt stress cues are perceived by the roots, which trigger the underlying signaling pathways that involve phytohormones. Each phytohormone triggers a specific signaling pathway integrated in a complex manner to produce antagonistic, synergistic, and additive responses. Phytohormones induce salt-responsive signaling pathways to modulate various physiological and anatomical mechanisms, including cell wall repair, apoplastic pH regulation, ion homeostasis, root hair formation, chlorophyll content, and leaf morphology. Exogenous applications of phytohormones moderate the adverse effects of salinity and improve growth. Understanding the complex hormonal crosstalk in cereals under salt stress will advance the knowledge about cooperation or antagonistic mechanisms among hormones and their role in developing salt-tolerant cereals to enhance the productivity of saline agricultural land. In this context, the present review focuses on the mechanisms of hormonal crosstalk that mediate the salt stress response and adaptation in graminaceous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lydia Pramitha
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumi Rana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shubham Verma
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Camerlingo N, Vettoretti M, Sparacino G, Facchinetti A, Mader JK, Choudhary P, Del Favero S. A Mathematical Formula to Determine the Minimum Continuous Glucose Monitoring Duration to Assess Time-in-ranges: Sensitivity Analysis Over the Parameters. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:1435-1438. [PMID: 34891555 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes management, the fraction of time spent with glucose concentration within the physiological range of [70-180] mg/dL, namely time in range (TIR) is often computed by clinicians to assess glycemic control using a continuous glucose monitoring sensor. However, a sufficiently long monitoring period is required to reliably estimate this index. A mathematical equation derived by our group provides the minimum trial duration granting a desired uncertainty around the estimated TIR. The equation involves two parameters, pr and α, related to the population under analysis, which should be set based on the clinician's experience. In this work, we evaluated the sensitivity of the formula to the parameters.Considering two independent datasets, we predicted the uncertainty of TIR estimate for a population, using the parameters of the formula estimated for a different population. We also stressed the robustness of the formula by testing wider ranges of parameters, thus assessing the impact of large errors in the parameters' estimates.Plausible errors on the α estimate impact very slightly on the prediction (relative discrepancy < 5%), thus we suggest using a fixed value for α independently on the population being analyzed. Instead, pr should be adjusted to the TIR expected in the population, considering that errors around 20% result in a relative discrepancy of ~10%.In conclusion, the proposed formula is sufficiently robust to parameters setting and can be used by investigators to determine a suitable duration of the study.
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20
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Choudhary P, Fourie KR, Ng S, Hamonic G, Bérubé N, Popowych Y, Wilson HL. Intrauterine immunizations trigger antigen-specific mucosal and systemic immunity in pigs and passive protection in suckling piglets. Vaccine 2021; 39:6322-6332. [PMID: 34535320 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We assessed whether vaccines administered to the uterus at breeding can lead to sufficient colostral antibodies to protect suckling piglets against Porcine Endemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV). An antigen from Lawsonia intracellularis, a disease that impacts weanling intestinal health, was also included because we have extensive knowledge on the pig immune response to this antigen. Gilts were mock-bred at 2nd estrus with killed sperm including an intrauterine (i.u.) vaccine comprised of recombinant (r) PEDV Spike protein (rPEDVS1) and L. intracellularis flagellin (rFliC) formulated with poly I:C, host defense peptide, and polyphosphazene (TriAdj). Gilts returned to estrus within 3 weeks and they were inseminated with killed sperm (3rd estrus) or live sperm (4th estrus) with rPEDVS1-TriAdj vaccine. They also received an i.m. injection of rFliC-TriAdj at 3rd and 4th estrus to establish whether i.u. vaccination primes systemic immunity without inducing mucosal tolerance. Control gilts were administered semen alone at 2nd estrus which allowed us to compare litter weights and sizes to industry standards. Colostrum from gilts challenged with low dose PEDV plus alum was used as positive reference samples for neutralizing antibodies and passive protection. Thirteen weeks later, the i.u.-vaccinated gilts showed significant PEDVS1-specific serum, colostral, and uterine antibody titers and colostral PEDVS1-neutralizing antibodies but poor cell-mediated immunity. Piglets born to i.u. vaccinated gilts received partial passive protection from PEDV infection 3 days after birth but eventually succumbed to the disease. Immunization by the i.u./i.m. route triggered significant anti-FliC cell-mediated immunity and colostral FliC antibodies that remained high in weaned piglet serum. This trial and a repeat trial wherein gilts were immunized at 1st estrus without semen and at 2nd estrus with live semen showed that intrauterine immunization did not impact fertility, number of live births or piglet growth kinetics. Further optimization is needed to promote robust passive protection in suckling offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - K R Fourie
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - S Ng
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - G Hamonic
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - N Bérubé
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Y Popowych
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - H L Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
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21
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Sharma N, Chhillar AK, Dahiya S, Choudhary P, Punia A, Gulia P. Antibiotic Adjuvants: A Promising Approach to Combat Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:1334-1345. [PMID: 33494671 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210120084406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The escalating emergence and prevalence of infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria accentuate the crucial need to develop novel and effectual therapeutic strategies to control this threat. The recent past surprisingly indicates a staggering decline in effective strategies against MDR. Different approaches have been employed to minimize the effect of resistance, but the question still lingers over the astounding number of drugs already tried and tested. Furthermore, the detection of new drug targets and the action of new antibacterial agents against already existing drug targets also complicate the condition. Antibiotic adjuvants are considered as one such promising approach for overcoming bacterial resistance. Adjuvants can potentiate the action of generally adopted antibacterial drugs against MDR bacterial pathogens either by minimizing the impact and emergence of resistance or improving the action of antibacterial drugs. This review provides an overview of the mechanism of antibiotic resistance, the main types of adjuvants and their mode of action, achievements and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aruna Punia
- Centre for Biotechnology, MDU, Rohtak124001, India
| | - Prity Gulia
- Centre for Biotechnology, MDU, Rohtak124001, India
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22
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Dahiya S, Sharma N, Punia A, Choudhary P, Gulia P, Parmar VS, Chhillar AK. Antimycotic Drugs and their Mechanisms of Resistance to Candida Species. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:116-125. [PMID: 34551694 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210719124143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections have shown an upsurge in recent decades, which is mainly because of the increasing number of immunocompromised patients and the occurrence of invasive candidiasis has been found to be 7-15 fold greater than that of invasive aspergillosis. The genus Candida comprises more than 150 distinct species, however, only a few of them are found to be pathogenic to humans. Mortality rates of Candida species are found to be around 45% and the reasons for this intensified mortality are inefficient diagnostic techniques and unfitting initial treatment strategies. There are only a few antifungal drug classes that are employed for the remedy of invasive fungal infections. which include azoles, polyenes, echinocandins, and pyrimidine analogs. During the last 2-3 decades, the usage of antifungal drugs has increased several folds due to which the reports of escalating antifungal drug resistance have also been recorded. The resistance is mostly to the triazole- based compounds. Due to the occurrence of antifungal drug resistance, the success rates of treatment have been reduced as well as major changes have been observed in the frequency of fungal infections. In this review, we have summarized the major molecular mechanisms for the development of antifungal drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweety Dahiya
- Centre for Biotechnology, MaharshiDayanand University Rohtak, Haryana. India
| | - Namita Sharma
- Centre for Biotechnology, MaharshiDayanand University Rohtak, Haryana. India
| | - Aruna Punia
- Centre for Biotechnology, MaharshiDayanand University Rohtak, Haryana. India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Centre for Biotechnology, MaharshiDayanand University Rohtak, Haryana. India
| | - Prity Gulia
- Centre for Biotechnology, MaharshiDayanand University Rohtak, Haryana. India
| | - Virinder S Parmar
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York, 1638 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225. India
| | - Anil K Chhillar
- Centre for Biotechnology, MaharshiDayanand University Rohtak, Haryana. India
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23
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Fourie KR, Choudhary P, Ng SH, Obradovic M, Brownlie R, Anand SK, Wilson HL. Evaluation of immunogenicity and protection mediated by Lawsonia intracellularis subunit vaccines. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 237:110256. [PMID: 33971523 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lawsonia intracellularis is an economically important bacterium that causes ileitis in pigs. Current vaccines for L. intracellularis do not allow for differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA), which is beneficial for disease tracking and surveillance. Previously, we identified five putative surface L. intracellularis proteins that were targeted by antibodies from pigs infected with L. intracellularis which could serve as antigens in a subunit vaccine. We conducted two trials to determine whether these antigens were immunogenic and provided protection against infectious challenge and whether truncated glycoprotein D could be used as a DIVA antigen. For Trial 1, 5 week-old piglets were administered intramuscular monovalent vaccines comprised of a recombinant (r) flagella subunit protein (rFliC,) and DIVA antigen (truncated glycoprotein D (TgD), a herpes virus antigen) both formulated with a combination adjuvant consisting of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid(poly I:C), host defense peptide 1002 and polyphosphazene, referred to as Triple Adjuvant (TriAdj). Relative to control animals, animals vaccinated with rFliC and rTgD had significantly elevated antigen-specific humoral immunity in sera suggesting that rFliC and TgD are immunogenic. Control animals had negligible anti-TgD titres suggesting that TgD may be a suitable DIVA antigen for pigs. For Trial 2, piglets were immunized with a trivalent vaccine (FOG vaccine consisting of rFLiC, rOppA protein (a ABC Type dipeptide transport system) and rGroEL (a stress response protein)) and a divalent vaccine (CM vaccine consisting of rClpP (an ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit) and rMetK (a S-adenosyl methionine synthase)) formulated with Emulsigen®. Relative to the control pigs, pigs immunized with the FOG vaccine produced robust and significantly higher serum IgG antibodies against rFliC and rGroEL, and significantly higher anti-FliC and anti-GroEL IgA antibodies in jejunal (GroEL only) and ileal intestinal mucosa. Pigs immunized with CM vaccine produced significantly higher serum antibodies against rClpP and rMetK and significantly higher anti-rClpP IgA antibodies in the ileum relative to the control pigs. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis showed that 18 days after challenge with infectious L. intracellularis, challenged/control pigs and pigs that received the CM vaccine, but not the pigs vaccinated with the FOG vaccine, shed significantly more bacteria in feces than the unchallenged controls pigs. These data suggest that the FOG vaccinated pigs showed limited protection. While promising, more work is needed to enhance the efficiency of the intramuscular vaccine to show significant disease protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezia R Fourie
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Siew Hon Ng
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Brownlie
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Heather L Wilson
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Sharma N, Chhillar AK, Dahiya S, Punia A, Choudhary P, Gulia P, Behl A, Dangi M. Chemotherapeutic Strategies for Combating Staphylococcus aureus Infections. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:26-42. [PMID: 33797362 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210402150325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a prominent human pathogen that causes nosocomial and community acquired infections. The accelerating emergence and prevalence of staphylococcal infections have grotesque health consequences which are mostly due to its anomalous capability to acquire drug resistance and scarcity of novel classes of antibacterials. Many combating therapies are centered on primary targets of S. aureus which are cell envelope, ribosomes and nucleic acids. This review describes various chemotherapeutic strategies for combating S. aureus infections which includes monotherapy, combination drug therapy, phage endolysin therapy, lysostaphins and antibacterial drones. Monotherapy has dwindled in due course of time but combination therapy, endolysin therapy, lysostaphin and antibacterial drones are emerging alternatives which efficiently conquer the shortcomings of monotherapy. Combinations of more than one antibiotic agents or combination of adjuvant with antibiotics provide a synergistic approach to combat infections causing pathogenic strains. Phage endolysin therapy and lysostaphin are also presents as possible alternatives to conventional antibiotic therapies. Antibacterial Drones goes a step further by specifically targeting the virulence genes in bacteria giving them a certain advantage over existing antibacterial strategies. But the challenge remains on the better understanding of these strategies for executing and implementing them in health sector. In this day and age, most of the S. aureus strains are resistant to ample number of antibiotics, so there is an urgent need to overcome such multidrug resistant strains for the welfare of our community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aruna Punia
- Centre for Biotechnology, MDU, Rohtak 124001. India
| | | | - Prity Gulia
- Centre for Biotechnology, MDU, Rohtak 124001. India
| | | | - Mehak Dangi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, MDU, Rohtak 124001. India
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Bornstein SR, Guan K, Brunßen C, Mueller G, Kamvissi-Lorenz V, Lechler R, Trembath R, Mayr M, Poston L, Sancho R, Ahmed S, Alfar E, Aljani B, Alves TC, Amiel S, Andoniadou CL, Bandral M, Belavgeni A, Berger I, Birkenfeld A, Bonifacio E, Chavakis T, Chawla P, Choudhary P, Cujba AM, Delgadillo Silva LF, Demcollari T, Drotar DM, Duin S, El-Agroudy NN, El-Armouche A, Eugster A, Gado M, Gavalas A, Gelinsky M, Guirgus M, Hansen S, Hanton E, Hasse M, Henneicke H, Heller C, Hempel H, Hogstrand C, Hopkins D, Jarc L, Jones PM, Kamel M, Kämmerer S, King AJF, Kurzbach A, Lambert C, Latunde-Dada Y, Lieberam I, Liers J, Li JW, Linkermann A, Locke S, Ludwig B, Manea T, Maremonti F, Marinicova Z, McGowan BM, Mickunas M, Mingrone G, Mohanraj K, Morawietz H, Ninov N, Peakman M, Persaud SJ, Pietzsch J, Cachorro E, Pullen TJ, Pyrina I, Rubino F, Santambrogio A, Schepp F, Schlinkert P, Scriba LD, Siow R, Solimena M, Spagnoli FM, Speier S, Stavridou A, Steenblock C, Strano A, Taylor P, Tiepner A, Tonnus W, Tree T, Watt F, Werdermann M, Wilson M, Yusuf N, Ziegler CG. The transCampus Metabolic Training Programme Explores the Link of SARS-CoV-2 Virus to Metabolic Disease. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:204-206. [PMID: 33652492 DOI: 10.1055/a-1377-6583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Currently, we are experiencing a true pandemic of a communicable disease by the virus SARS-CoV-2 holding the whole world firmly in its grasp. Amazingly and unfortunately, this virus uses a metabolic and endocrine pathway via ACE2 to enter our cells causing damage and disease. Our international research training programme funded by the German Research Foundation has a clear mission to train the best students wherever they may come from to learn to tackle the enormous challenges of diabetes and its complications for our society. A modern training programme in diabetes and metabolism does not only involve a thorough understanding of classical physiology, biology and clinical diabetology but has to bring together an interdisciplinary team. With the arrival of the coronavirus pandemic, this prestigious and unique metabolic training programme is facing new challenges but also new opportunities. The consortium of the training programme has recognized early on the need for a guidance and for practical recommendations to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic for the community of patients with metabolic disease, obesity and diabetes. This involves the optimal management from surgical obesity programmes to medications and insulin replacement. We also established a global registry analyzing the dimension and role of metabolic disease including new onset diabetes potentially triggered by the virus. We have involved experts of infectious disease and virology to our faculty with this metabolic training programme to offer the full breadth and scope of expertise needed to meet these scientific challenges. We have all learned that this pandemic does not respect or heed any national borders and that we have to work together as a global community. We believe that this transCampus metabolic training programme provides a prime example how an international team of established experts in the field of metabolism can work together with students from all over the world to address a new pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - K Guan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Brunßen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - G Mueller
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - V Kamvissi-Lorenz
- Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - R Trembath
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Mayr
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, KCL, London, UK
| | - L Poston
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Sancho
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Ahmed
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Alfar
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - B Aljani
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - T C Alves
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Amiel
- Department of Diabetes Research, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C L Andoniadou
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, KCL, London, UK
| | - M Bandral
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Belavgeni
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - I Berger
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - A Birkenfeld
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Bonifacio
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Chawla
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Choudhary
- Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A M Cujba
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - L F Delgadillo Silva
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Demcollari
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D M Drotar
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Duin
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - N N El-Agroudy
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - A El-Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Eugster
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Gado
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - A Gavalas
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Guirgus
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Hansen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Hanton
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Hasse
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - H Henneicke
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - C Heller
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - H Hempel
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - C Hogstrand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, KCL, London, UK
| | - D Hopkins
- Department of Diabetic Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and KCL, London, UK
| | - L Jarc
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - P M Jones
- Department of Diabetes Research, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Kamel
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Kämmerer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A J F King
- Department of Diabetes Research, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Kurzbach
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - C Lambert
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - I Lieberam
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Liers
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - J W Li
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Linkermann
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - S Locke
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - B Ludwig
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Manea
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F Maremonti
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Z Marinicova
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - B M McGowan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, London, UK
| | - M Mickunas
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Mingrone
- Department of Diabetes Research, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - K Mohanraj
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - H Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - N Ninov
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Peakman
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S J Persaud
- Department of Diabetes Research, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Cachorro
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - T J Pullen
- School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, KCL, London, UK
| | - I Pyrina
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - F Rubino
- Department of Diabetes Research, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Santambrogio
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - F Schepp
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - P Schlinkert
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - L D Scriba
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - R Siow
- Vascular Biology & Inflammation Section, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - F M Spagnoli
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Stavridou
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Steenblock
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - A Strano
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - P Taylor
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Tiepner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - W Tonnus
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - T Tree
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - F Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Werdermann
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - M Wilson
- School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, KCL, London, UK
| | - N Yusuf
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - C G Ziegler
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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Waghmare RB, Choudhary P, Moses J, Anandharamakrishnan C, Stapley AG. Trends in Approaches to Assist Freeze-Drying of Food: A Cohort Study on Innovations. Food Reviews International 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1875232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roji B. Waghmare
- Computational Modelling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, Thanjavur, India
| | - P. Choudhary
- Computational Modelling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, Thanjavur, India
| | - J.A. Moses
- Computational Modelling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, Thanjavur, India
| | - Chinnaswamy Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational Modelling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, Thanjavur, India
| | - Andrew G.F. Stapley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
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Wilmot EG, Lumb A, Hammond P, Murphy HR, Scott E, Gibb FW, Platts J, Choudhary P. Time in range: A best practice guide for UK diabetes healthcare professionals in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14433. [PMID: 33073388 PMCID: PMC7645943 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of continuous glucose monitoring has driven improvements in glycaemic control and quality of life for people with diabetes. Recent changes in access to continuous glucose monitoring systems within UK health services have increased the number of people able to benefit from these technologies. The COVID-19 pandemic has created an opportunity for diabetes healthcare professionals to use continuous glucose monitoring technology to remotely deliver diabetes services to support people with diabetes. This opportunity can be maximized with improved application and interpretation of continuous glucose monitoring-generated data. Amongst the diverse measures of glycaemic control, time in range is considered to be of high value in routine clinical care because it is actionable and is visibly responsive to changes in diabetes management. Importantly, it is also been linked to the risk of developing complications associated with diabetes and can be understood by people with diabetes and healthcare professionals alike. The 2019 International Consensus on Time in Range has established a series of target glucose ranges and recommendations for time spent within these ranges that is consistent with optimal glycaemic control. The recommendations cover people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with separate targets indicated for elderly people or those at higher risk from hypoglycaemia, as well as for women with type 1 diabetes during pregnancy. The aim of this best practice guide was to clarify the intent and purpose of these international consensus recommendations and to provide practical insights into their implementation in UK diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. G. Wilmot
- Diabetes DepartmentRoyal Derby HospitalUniversity Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustDerbyUK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - A. Lumb
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxfordUK
| | - P. Hammond
- Diabetes Resource CentreHarrogate District Hospital, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation TrustHarrogateUK
| | - H. R. Murphy
- Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- Women's Health Academic CentreDivision of Women's and Children's HealthKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - E. Scott
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - F. W. Gibb
- Edinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & DiabetesRoyal Infirmary of EdinburghLittle France CrescentEdinburghUK
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - J. Platts
- Diabetes CentreUniversity Hospital LlandoughCardiff and Vale University Health BoardPenarthUK
| | - P. Choudhary
- Department of DiabetesSchool of Life Course SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Leicester Diabetes CentreUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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Chakranon P, Lai YK, Tang YW, Choudhary P, Khunti K, Lee SWH. Distal technology interventions in people with diabetes: an umbrella review of multiple health outcomes. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1966-1976. [PMID: 31631398 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To summarize and evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness of distal technology with regard to multiple health outcomes in people with diabetes. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from database inception to 31 August 2018 for systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of studies that examined the impact of distal technology and reported any clinical or patient-related outcomes among people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. RESULTS The umbrella review identified 95 reviews, including 162 meta-analyses with 46 unique outcomes. Evidence from meta-analyses of randomized controlled studies supports the use of distal technology, especially telehealth and mHealth (healthcare delivered by mobile technology), in people with diabetes for improving HbA1c values by 2-4 mmol/mol (0.2-0.4%). For other health outcomes, such as changes in fasting plasma glucose levels, risk of diabetic ketoacidosis or frequency of severe hypoglycaemia, the evidence was weaker. No evidence was reported for most patient-reported outcomes including quality of life, self-efficacy and medication-taking. The evidence base was poor, with most studies rated as low to very low quality. CONCLUSION Distal technologies were associated with a modest improvement in glycaemic control, but it was unclear if they improved major clinical outcomes or were cost-effective in people with diabetes. More robust research to improve wider outcomes in people with diabetes is needed before such technologies can be recommended as part of routine care for any patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chakranon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Silapakorn University, Pathom, Thailand
| | - Y K Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Y W Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - P Choudhary
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S W H Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- Asian Centre for Evidence Synthesis in Population, Implementation and Clinical Outcomes (PICO), Health and Well-being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21) Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Jalan Taylors, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abstract
Growing numbers of people with type 1 diabetes are using do-it-yourself closed-loop systems. While these technologies are not approved by regulatory bodies and are not commercially available, users of the technology report improvements in HbA1c and time in range, and reduced burden of diabetes. Healthcare professionals have expressed their concern that legal or regulatory body actions could ensue if they support people who choose to use do-it-yourself closed-loop systems. Diabetes UK's position statements make recommendations that aim to provide guidance for both people with diabetes and healthcare professionals, based on the current professional and legal situation. They respect an individual's right to make their own informed decisions about their diabetes management, and recommend that they should have access to the technology they need for optimal diabetes management. People who wish to use do-it-yourself closed-loop systems should continue to receive support and care from their diabetes team. Healthcare professionals should engage in conversations around do-it-yourself closed-loop systems, if the issue is raised, to allow a balanced discussion of risks and benefits. However, healthcare professionals cannot recommend the use of do-it-yourself closed-loop systems because of a lack of regulatory body approval and robust, published research to support safety or effectiveness. People using this technology should be aware that they do so at their own risk. This position statement recognizes that the development of diabetes technology is a rapidly changing environment, and guidance around do-it-yourself systems is required from professional and regulatory bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E G Wilmot
- University Hospital of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - P Choudhary
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Nevrekar V, Choudhary P, Tiwari A, Suryaprakash V, Upadhyay A. 908P Impact of serum galactomannan assay on diagnosis and outcome of invasive fungal infections in high risk febrile neutropenia: A prospective cohort study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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de Galan BE, McCrimmon RJ, Ibberson M, Heller SR, Choudhary P, Pouwer F, Speight J, Carlton J, Pieber TR, Rosilio M, Tack CJ, Müllenborn M. Reducing the burden of hypoglycaemia in people with diabetes through increased understanding: design of the Hypoglycaemia REdefining SOLutions for better liVEs (Hypo-RESOLVE) project. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1066-1073. [PMID: 31970814 PMCID: PMC7317819 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoglycaemia is the most frequent complication of treatment with insulin or insulin secretagogues in people with diabetes. Severe hypoglycaemia, i.e. an event requiring external help because of cognitive dysfunction, is associated with a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality, but underlying mechanism(s) are poorly understood. There is also a gap in the understanding of the clinical, psychological and health economic impact of 'non-severe' hypoglycaemia and the glucose level below which hypoglycaemia causes harm. AIM To increase understanding of hypoglycaemia by addressing the above issues over a 4-year period. METHODS Hypo-RESOLVE is structured across eight work packages, each with a distinct focus. We will construct a large, sustainable database including hypoglycaemia data from >100 clinical trials to examine predictors of hypoglycaemia and establish glucose threshold(s) below which hypoglycaemia constitutes a risk for adverse biomedical and psychological outcomes, and increases healthcare costs. We will also investigate the mechanism(s) underlying the antecedents and consequences of hypoglycaemia, the significance of glucose sensor-detected hypoglycaemia, the impact of hypoglycaemia in families, and the costs of hypoglycaemia for healthcare systems. RESULTS The outcomes of Hypo-RESOLVE will inform evidence-based definitions regarding the classification of hypoglycaemia in diabetes for use in daily clinical practice, future clinical trials and as a benchmark for comparing glucose-lowering interventions and strategies across trials. Stakeholders will be engaged to achieve broadly adopted agreement. CONCLUSION Hypo-RESOLVE will advance our understanding and refine the classification of hypoglycaemia, with the ultimate aim being to alleviate the burden and consequences of hypoglycaemia in people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. E. de Galan
- Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical Centre+MaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - M. Ibberson
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | - F. Pouwer
- University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Deakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - J. Speight
- University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Deakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
- Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in DiabetesMelbourneAustralia
| | | | | | - M. Rosilio
- Lilly FranceNeuilly‐sur‐Seine CedexFrance
| | - C. J. Tack
- Radboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
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Femia G, Zhu D, Choudhary P, B. Ross S, Muthurangu V, Richmond D, Celermajer D, Semsarian C, Puranik R. 136 Long Term Clinical Outcomes in CMR Quantified Left Ventricular Noncompaction. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Garrett CJ, Choudhary P, Amiel SA, Fonagy P, Ismail K. Recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis and a brief history of brittle diabetes research: contemporary and past evidence in diabetic ketoacidosis research including mortality, mental health and prevention. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1329-1335. [PMID: 31418474 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological, technological and educational approaches have advanced the treatment of Type 1 diabetes in the last four decades and yet diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) continues to be a leading cause of admission in Type 1 diabetes. This article begins by reviewing the contemporary epidemiological evidence in DKA. It highlights a rise in DKA episodes in the last two decades, with DKA continuing to be the leading cause of death in young people with Type 1 diabetes, and that DKA episodes are a marker for subsequent all-cause mortality. It also summarizes the limited evidence base for DKA prevention and associations with psychopathology. To emphasize the importance of this group with high-risk Type 1 diabetes and the degree to which they have been overlooked in the past two decades, the article summarizes the research literature of recurrent DKA during 1976-1991 when it was extensively investigated as part of the phenomenon of 'brittle diabetes'. This period saw numerous basic science studies investigating the pathophysiology of recurrent DKA. Subsequently, research centres published their experiences of brittle diabetes research participants manipulating their treatment under research conditions. Unfortunately, the driver for this behaviour and whether it was indicative of other people with ketoacidosis was not pursued. In summary, we suggest there has been a stasis in the approach to recurrent DKA prevention, which is likely linked to historical cases of mass sabotage of brittle diabetes research. Further investigation is required to clarify possible psychological characteristics that increase the risk of DKA and thereby targets for DKA prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Garrett
- Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Bart's Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Diabetes and Mental Health Research Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S A Amiel
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Fonagy
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences at University College London, London, UK
| | - K Ismail
- Diabetes and Mental Health Research Group, King's College London, London, UK
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Choudhary P, Singh V. Hysteroscopic Intrauterine Adhesiolysis Resulting in Positive Reproductive Outcome. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther 2019; 8:192-193. [PMID: 31741848 PMCID: PMC6849107 DOI: 10.4103/gmit.gmit_126_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) following any less invasive uterine procedure like curettage or due to genital tuberculosis can lead to partial or complete dysfunction of the endometrium due to adhesions and uterine scarring with impairment of fertility and menstruation and also recurrent pregnancy loss. Therefore, hysteroscopic adhesiolysis was beneficial in this case in restoring fertility, and hence, the introduction of hysteroscopy has definitely improved the fertility outcome and positive reproductive outcome. This is a case report of a 28-year-old infertile woman with IUA leading to bilateral corneal block following dilatation and curettage who conceived after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Senior Consultant Apollo Cradle Royale, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinita Singh
- Deaprtment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AIMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Dahiya S, Chhillar AK, Sharma N, Choudhary P, Punia A, Balhara M, Kaushik K, Parmar VS. Candida auris and Nosocomial Infection. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 21:365-373. [PMID: 31549952 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190924155631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The existence of the multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogenic fungus, Candida auris came to light in 2009. This particular organism is capable of causing nosocomial infections in immunecompromised persons. This pathogen is associated with consistent candidemia with high mortality rate and presents a serious global health threat. Whole genome sequence (WGS) investigation detected powerful phylogeographic Candida auris genotypes which are specialized to particular geological areas indicating dissemination of particular genotype among provinces. Furthermore, this organism frequently exhibits multidrug-resistance and displays an unusual sensitivity profile. Identification techniques that are commercialized to test Candida auris often show inconsistent results and this misidentification leads to treatment failure which complicates the management of candidiasis. Till date, Candida auris has been progressively recorded from several countries and therefore its preventive control measures are paramount to interrupt its transmission. In this review, we discussed prevalence, biology, drug-resistance phenomena, virulence factors and management of Candida auris infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweety Dahiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India
| | - Anil K Chhillar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India
| | - Namita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India
| | - Aruna Punia
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India
| | - Meenakshi Balhara
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India
| | - Kumar Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York, 1638 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225, United States
| | - Virinder S Parmar
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York, 1638 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225, United States
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Choudhary P, de Portu S, Arrieta A, Castañeda J, Campbell FM. Use of sensor-integrated pump therapy to reduce hypoglycaemia in people with Type 1 diabetes: a real-world study in the UK. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1100-1108. [PMID: 31134668 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the efficacy of insulin pumps with automated insulin suspension systems in a real-world setting. METHODS We analysed anonymized data uploaded to CareLink™ by people (n=920) with Type 1 diabetes using the MiniMed Paradigm Veo system and the MiniMed 640G system (Medtronic International Trading Sàrl, Tolochanez, Switzerland) with SmartGuard technology, with or without automated insulin suspension enabled, between February 2016 and June 2018. Users with ≥15 days of sensor data and ≥70% sensor-wear time were classified as sensor-augmented pump alone, sensor-integrated pump with low glucose suspend enabled or sensor-integrated pump with predictive low glucose management enabled. RESULTS The median (25th -75th percentile) system use was 161 (58-348) days. The median time spent with sensor glucose values ≤3 mmol/l was 0.8 (0.3-1.7)% in the sensor-augmented pump group, 0.3 (0.1-0.7)% in the sensor-integrated pump with low glucose suspend group, and 0.3 (0.1-0.5)% in the sensor-integrated pump with predictive low glucose management group. In individuals switching from sensor-augmented pump to sensor-integrated pump with low glucose suspend (n=31), there were significant reductions in the monthly rate of hypoglycaemic events <3 mmol/l (rate ratio 0.63, 95% CI 0.45-0.89; P=0.009) and in the percentage of time with glucose values ≤3 mmol/l [sensor-augmented pump: 0.63% (95% CI 0.34-1.29), sensor-integrated pump with low glucose suspend: 0.33% (95% CI 0.16-0.64); P=0.001]. The monthly rate of hypoglycaemic events decreased further in individuals (n=139) switching from sensor-integrated pump with low glucose suspend to sensor-integrated pump with predictive low glucose management [rate ratio 0.82 (95% CI 0.69-0.98); P<0.0274]. Similar results were seen for events <3.9 mmol/l. There was no difference in median time spent in target glucose range. CONCLUSION Real-world UK data show that increasing automation of insulin suspension reduces hypoglycaemia exposure in people with Type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Choudhary
- King's College London, School of Life Course Sciences, London, UK
| | - S de Portu
- Medtronic International Trading Sàrl, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - A Arrieta
- Medtronic, Bakken Research Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Castañeda
- Medtronic, Bakken Research Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Choudhary P, de Portu S, Delbaere A, Lyon J, Pickup JC. A modelling study of the budget impact of improved glycaemic control in adults with Type 1 diabetes in the UK. Diabet Med 2019; 36:988-994. [PMID: 30710449 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a novel interactive budget impact model that assesses affordability of diabetes treatments in specific populations, and to test the model in a hypothetical scenario by estimating cost savings resulting from reduction in HbA1c from ≥69 mmol/mol (8.5%) to a target of 53 mmol/mol (7.0%) in adults with Type 1 diabetes in the UK. METHODS A dynamic, interactive model was created using the projected incidence and progression over a 5-year horizon of diabetes-related complications (micro- and macrovascular disease, severe hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis) for different HbA1c levels, with flexible input of population size, complications and therapy costs, HbA1c distribution and other variables. The model took a National Health Service and societal perspective. RESULTS The model was developed, and in the proposed hypothetical situation, reductions in complications and expected costs evaluated. Achievement of target HbA1c in individuals with HbA1c ≥69 mmol/mol (8.5%) would reduce expected chronic complications from 6.8 to 1.2 events per 100 person-years, and diabetic ketoacidosis from 14.5 to 1.0 events per 100 person-years. Potential cumulative direct cost savings achievable in the modelled population were estimated at £687 m over 5 years (£5,585/person), with total (direct and indirect) savings of £1,034 m (£8,400/person). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of strategies aimed at achieving target glucose levels in people with Type 1 diabetes in the UK has the potential to drive a significant reduction in complication costs. This estimate may provide insights into the potential for investment in achieving savings through improved diabetes care in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Choudhary
- King's College London School of Life Course Sciences, London, UK
| | - S de Portu
- Medtronic International Trading, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - A Delbaere
- Medtronic International Trading, Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - J Lyon
- Medtronic UK, Watford, UK
| | - J C Pickup
- King's College London School of Life Course Sciences, London, UK
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Choudhary P, Campbell F, Joule N, Kar P. A Type 1 diabetes technology pathway: consensus statement for the use of technology in Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2019; 36:531-538. [PMID: 30773681 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In both adults and children with diabetes, technologies such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring can help improve diabetes control, reduce hypoglycaemia and improve quality of life. Access to these technologies in the UK is very variable. Some technologies are recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, while others have not been appraised, and new technologies are emerging all the time. Additionally, different guidelines for adults and children further complicate access to diabetes technology in the transition from paediatric to adult care. Against this background, Diabetes UK and NHS England have brought together a multidisciplinary group of experts, including clinicians and people with diabetes, to develop this consensus guideline, combining the different technologies into a common pathway to aid clinical and policy decision-making. We created a pathway that supports the incremental addition of technology as monotherapy and then dual therapy in the same way that we incrementally add in therapeutic agents to support people with Type 2 diabetes to achieve their personalized glycaemic targets. The pathway emphasizes the importance of structured education, specialist support and appropriate access to psychological therapies, as essential pillars for optimized use of diabetes-related technology, and recommends the re-evaluation of its use when the individual is unable either to use the technology appropriately or to achieve the intended outcomes. This pathway is endorsed by UK-wide clinical and patient associations and we recommend that providers and commissioners use it to ensure the right individual with diabetes has access to the right technology in a timely way to help achieve better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Campbell
- St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - P Kar
- Diabetes, NHS England, London, UK
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Narula K, Choudhary P, Ghosh S, Elagamey E, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S. Comparative Nuclear Proteomics Analysis Provides Insight into the Mechanism of Signaling and Immune Response to Blast Disease Caused byMagnaportheoryzaein Rice. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800188. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Narula
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Sudip Ghosh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Eman Elagamey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research New Delhi 110067 India
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Bahl A, Choudhary P, Bhatia K, Singhla S, Shrivastava G, Bal J, Anand A, Chaturvedi H. Palliative chemotherapy (CT) with or without cetuximab (CTX) in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN): An Indian retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy438.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Choudhary P, Pacholko AG, Palaschuk J, Bekar LK. The locus coeruleus neurotoxin, DSP4, and/or a high sugar diet induce behavioral and biochemical alterations in wild-type mice consistent with Alzheimers related pathology. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1563-1571. [PMID: 29862455 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States where it is estimated that one in three seniors dies with AD or another dementia. Are modern lifestyle habits a contributing factor? Increased carbohydrate (sugar) consumption, stress and disruption of sleep patterns are quickly becoming the norm rather than the exception. Interestingly, seven months on a non-invasive high sucrose diet (20% sucrose in drinking water) has been shown to induce behavioral, metabolic and pathological changes consistent with AD in wild-type mice. As chronic stress and depression are associated with loss of locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic neurons and projections (source of anti-inflammatory and trophic factor control), we assessed the ability for a selective LC neurotoxin (DSP4) to accelerate and aggravate a high-sucrose mediated AD-related phenotype in wild-type mice. Male C57/Bl6 mice were divided into four groups: 1) saline injected, 2) DSP4 injected, 3) high sucrose drinking water (20%) or 4) DSP4 injected and high sucrose drinking water. We demonstrate that high sucrose consumption and DSP4 treatment promote an early-stage AD-related phenotype after only 3-4 months, as evidenced by elevated fecal corticosterone, increased despair, spatial memory deficits, increased AChE activity, elevated NO production, decreased pGSK3β and increased pTau. Combined treatment appears to accelerate and aggravate pathological processes consistent with Alzheimer disease and dementia. Developing a simple model in wild-type mice will highlight environmental and lifestyle factors that need to be addressed to slow, prevent or even reverse the rising trend in dementia patient numbers and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Anthony G Pacholko
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Josh Palaschuk
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Lane K Bekar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Trivedi S, Choudhary P, Lo Q, Sritharan H, Batumalai V, Delaney G, Thomas L. P3498Persistent reductions in Global Longitudinal Strain late after completion of radiotherapy in chemotherapy naive patients with left sided breast cancer. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Trivedi
- Westmead Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Sydney, Australia
| | - P Choudhary
- Westmead Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Q Lo
- Liverpool Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Sydney, Australia
| | - H Sritharan
- Liverpool Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Sydney, Australia
| | - V Batumalai
- Liverpool Hospital, Cancer Therapy Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Delaney
- Liverpool Hospital, Cancer Therapy Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Thomas
- Westmead Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Sydney, Australia
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Aggarwal PR, Nag P, Choudhary P, Chakraborty N, Chakraborty S. Genotype-independent Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated root transformation of chickpea: a rapid and efficient method for reverse genetics studies. Plant Methods 2018; 14:55. [PMID: 29988950 PMCID: PMC6034309 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an important legume crop is one of the major source of dietary protein. Developing an efficient and reproducible transformation method is imperative to expedite functional genomics studies in this crop. Here, we present an optimized and detailed procedure for Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated root transformation of chickpea. RESULTS Transformation positive roots were obtained on selection medium after two weeks of A. rhizogenes inoculation. Expression of green fluorescent protein further confirmed the success of transformation. We demonstrate that our method adequately transforms chickpea roots at early developmental stage with high efficiency. In addition, root transformation was found to be genotype-independent and the efficacy of our protocol was highest in two (Annigiri and JG-62) of the seven tested chickpea genotypes. Next, we present the functional analysis of chickpea hairy roots by expressing Arabidopsis TRANSPARENT TESTA 2 (AtTT2) gene involved in proanthocyanidins biosynthesis. Overexpression of AtTT2 enhanced the level of proanthocyanidins in hairy roots that led to the decreased colonization of fungal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum. Furthermore, the induction of transgenic roots does not affect functional studies involving infection of roots by fungal pathogen. CONCLUSIONS Transgenic roots expressing genes of interest will be useful in downstream functional characterization using reverse genetics studies. It requires 1 day to perform the root transformation protocol described in this study and the roots expressing transgene can be maintained for 3-4 weeks, providing sufficient time for further functional studies. Overall, the current methodology will greatly facilitate the functional genomics analyses of candidate genes in root-rhizosphere interaction in this recalcitrant but economically important legume crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Papri Nag
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
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Abstract
The inability to achieve optimal diabetes glucose control in people with diabetes is multifactorial, but one contributor may be inadequate control of postprandial glucose. In patients treated with multiple daily injections of insulin, both the dose and timing of meal-related rapid-acting insulin are key factors in this. There are conflicting opinions and evidence on the optimal time to administer mealtime insulin. We performed a comprehensive literature search to review the published data, focusing on the use of rapid-acting insulin analogues in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of rapid-acting insulin analogues, together with postprandial glucose excursion data, suggest that administering these 15-20 min before food would provide optimal postprandial glucose control. Data from clinical studies involving people with Type 1 diabetes receiving structured meals and rapid-acting insulin analogues support this, showing a reduction in post-meal glucose levels of ~30% and less hypoglycaemia when meal insulin was taken 15-20 min before a meal compared with immediately before the meal. Importantly, there was also a greater risk of postprandial hypoglycaemia when patients took rapid-acting analogues after eating compared with before eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Slattery
- Kings College LondonWeston Education CentreLondonUK
| | - S. A. Amiel
- Kings College LondonWeston Education CentreLondonUK
| | - P. Choudhary
- Kings College LondonWeston Education CentreLondonUK
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Trivedi S, Choudhary P, Lo Q, Sritharan H, Batumalai V, Delaney G, Thomas L. Persistent Reductions in Global Longitudinal Strain Late After Radiotherapy in Chemotherapy Naive Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sivasubramaniyam S, Amiel SA, Choudhary P. Proportion of daily capillary blood glucose readings required in the target range for target glycaemic control: shift of focus from target range to proportion in range. Diabet Med 2017; 34:1456-1460. [PMID: 28763121 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Most guidelines provide people with Type 1 diabetes with pre- and post-meal capillary blood glucose (CBG) targets to achieve optimal glycaemic control. We evaluated the proportion of daily CBG readings between 4 and 10 mmol/l in people achieving different HbA1c levels. METHOD We analysed CBG data from routine pump/meter downloads from 201 adults treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) at a single hospital clinic. Exclusion criteria were CSII < 6 months, < 3 CBG/day, pregnancy, haemoglobinopathy and continuous sensor use. People were categorized into three groups based on HbA1c : < 58 mmol/mol, < 7.5% (n = 58); 58-74 mmol/mol, 7.5-8.9% (n = 107); and ≥ 75 mmol/mol, ≥ 9.0% (n = 36). RESULTS Participants had a mean age of 43 ± 13 years and mean HBA1c of 64 mmol/mol (8.0 ± 1.1%). 47% of people started CSII for raised HbA1c , 25% due to hypoglycaemia and the rest during pregnancy. Downloads contained a mean of 22 ± 6.8 days of data per participant. CBG frequency was similar between the three groups (5.6 ± 2.0, 5.6 ± 1.9 and 5.4 ± 1.2 CBG/day; P = 0.468). The proportion of CBG readings between 4 and 10 mmol/l (72-180 mg/dl) was 57.3 ± 25.4%, 50.6 ± 11.1% and 39.9 ± 16.5% (P < 0.0001); < 4 mmol was 13.8%, 8.8% and 4.4% (P < 0.0001) and > 10 mmol/l was 28.9 ± 16.5%, 40.6 ± 12.1% and 55.6 ± 17.9% (P < 0.0001) in the three groups respectively. CONCLUSIONS Participants achieving HBA1c < 58 mmol/mol (< 7.5%) had ~ 60% of CBG readings in range (4-10 mmol/l), with up to 30% of readings > 10 mmol/l. This target of achieving 60% or more readings within target, and being permissive with up to 30% readings > 10 mmol/l may be a novel target for people with diabetes, and may reduce anxiety associated with readings out of range.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sivasubramaniyam
- King's College London, London, UK
- London North West Healthcare Trust, London, UK
| | - S A Amiel
- King's College London, London, UK
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - P Choudhary
- King's College London, London, UK
- King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Hope SV, Knight BA, Shields BM, Hill A, Choudhary P, Strain WD, Hattersley AT, McDonald TJ, Jones AG. 105RANDOM NON-FASTING C-PEPTIDE CAN BE USED AS A RISK ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR HYPOGLYCAEMIA IN ELDERLY NSULIN-TREATED PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx061.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bonadonna RC, Yale JF, Brulle-Wohlhueter C, Boëlle-Le Corfec E, Choudhary P, Bailey TS. Hypoglykämie als Funktion des HbA1c bei Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus (T2DM): Insulin glargin 300 E/ml in einer Metaanalyse auf Patientenebene der Studien EDITION 1, 2 und 3. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RC Bonadonna
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Parma School of Medicine, Parma, Italy
| | - JF Yale
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - P Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - TS Bailey
- AMCR Institute Inc., Escondido, United States
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Dutta A, Sethi N, Choudhary P, Panday BC, Sood J. Abstract PR458. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492845.20898.ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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50
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Zecchin R, Baihn J, Dickson C, Haeusler K, Hungerford J, Lindsay G, Pettitt M, Rull M, Te Siachico E, Te Whaiti S, Thelander J, Vail T, McNulty K, Choudhary P, Tanous D, Denniss R. Referral of Patients With Congenital Heart Disease to Cardiac Rehabilitation. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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