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Sun L, Li X, Luo H, Guo H, Zhang J, Chen Z, Lin F, Zhao G. EZH2 can be used as a therapeutic agent for inhibiting endothelial dysfunction. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115594. [PMID: 37207700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a catalytic subunit of polycomb repressor complex 2 and plays important roles in endothelial cell homeostasis. EZH2 functionally methylates lysine 27 of histone H3 and represses gene expression through chromatin compaction. EZH2 mediates the effects of environmental stimuli by regulating endothelial functions, such as angiogenesis, endothelial barrier integrity, inflammatory signaling, and endothelial mesenchymal transition. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the significance of EZH2 in endothelial function. The aim of this review is to provide a concise summary of the roles EZH2 plays in endothelial function and elucidate its therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Xuefang Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Huige Guo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China.
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453100, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Injury and Repair Medicine of Henan, Weihui, China.
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Zhang J, Chen S, Xiang H, Xiao J, Zhao S, Shu Z, Chai Y, Ouyang J, Liu H, Wang X, Quan Q, Fan J, Gao P, Chen AF, Lu H. S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes diabetic nephropathy by inducting endothelial mesenchymal transition and impairing endothelial barrier function. Life Sci 2023:121853. [PMID: 37307963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are key factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and renal fibrosis is the most common pathway leading to the disease. Endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a crucial mechanism for the production of myofibroblasts, and impaired endothelial barrier function is one of the mechanisms for the generation of microalbuminuria in DN. However, the specific mechanisms behind these are not yet clear. MAIN METHODS Protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 were used to inhibit Wnt3a, RhoA, ROCK1, β-catenin, and Snail signaling. Changes in cell function were analyzed by CCK-8 method, cell scratching assay, FITC-dextran permeability assay, and Evans blue staining. KEY FINDINGS Consistent with increased gene expression of S1PR2 in DN patients and mice with kidney fibrosis disease, S1PR2 expression was significantly increased in glomerular endothelial cells of DN mice and HUVEC cells treated with glucolipids. Knocking down or pharmacological inhibition of S1PR2 significantly decreased the expression of Wnt3a, RhoA, ROCK1, and β-catenin in endothelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of S1PR2 in vivo reversed EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction in glomerular endothelial cells. Inhibition of S1PR2 and ROCK1 in vitro also reversed EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction in endothelial cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that the S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of DN by inducing EndMT and endothelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaoli Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihao Shu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanfei Chai
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqin Liu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueweng Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qisheng Quan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianing Fan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Development and Regenerative Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Maurizi E, Merra A, Macaluso C, Schiroli D, Pellegrini G. GSK-3 inhibition reverts mesenchymal transition in primary human corneal endothelial cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151302. [PMID: 36905755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human corneal endothelial cells are organized in a tight mosaic of hexagonal cells and serve a critical function in maintaining corneal hydration and clear vision. Regeneration of the corneal endothelial tissue is hampered by its poor proliferative capacity, which is partially retrieved in vitro, albeit only for a limited number of passages before the cells undergo mesenchymal transition (EnMT). Although different culture conditions have been proposed in order to delay this process and prolong the number of cell passages, EnMT has still not been fully understood and successfully counteracted. In this perspective, we identified herein a single GSK-3 inhibitor, CHIR99021, able to revert and avoid EnMT in primary human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs) from old donors until late passages in vitro (P8), as shown from cell morphology analysis (circularity). In accordance, CHIR99021 reduced expression of α-SMA, an EnMT marker, while restored endothelial markers such as ZO-1, Na+/K+ ATPase and N-cadherin, without increasing cell proliferation. A further analysis on RNA expression confirmed that CHIR99021 induced downregulation of EnMT markers (α-SMA and CD44), upregulation of the proliferation repressor p21 and revealed novel insights into the β-catenin and TGFβ pathways intersections in HCEnCs. The use of CHIR99021 sheds light on the mechanisms involved in EnMT, providing a substantial advantage in maintaining primary HCEnCs in culture until late passages, while preserving the correct morphology and phenotype. Altogether, these results bring crucial advancements towards the improvement of the corneal endothelial cells based therapy.
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Wang H, Cong L, Yin X, Zhang N, Zhu M, Sun T, Fan J, Xue F, Fan X, Gong Y. The Apelin-APJ axis alleviates LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis and endothelial mesenchymal transformation in mice by promoting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2. Cell Signal 2022; 98:110418. [PMID: 35882286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic alterations resulting from abnormal tissue repair after lung injury are responsible for the high mortality observed after acute respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis has been widely concerned. The Apelin-APJ axis plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases and organ fibrosis. However, its underlying mechanism remains to be further studied. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect of apelin-APJ axis is related to the activation of angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here, we found that exogenous activation of the Apelin-APJ axis alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. In vitro studies revealed that Apelin-13 inhibited LPS-induced endothelial mesenchymal transition in lung microvascular endothelial cells, whereas [Ala13]-Apelin-13 (Apelin-APJ axis inhibitor) accelerated LPS-induced endothelial interstitial transformation in lung microvascular endothelial cells. Notably, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitor blocks the beneficial effect of the Apelin-APJ axis activation on LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis. This finding suggests that the Apelin-APJ axis inhibits pulmonary fibrosis by activating ACE2. Simultaneously, accumulating evidence suggests that ubiquitination may contribute to pulmonary fibrosis. Our study found that LPS increased the ubiquitination of ACE2 protein, whereas Apelin-13 inhibited it. In conclusion, exogenous activation of the Apelin-APJ axis improves LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and may be a viable therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linjing Cong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianghong Yin
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junming Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Matsuo H, Kamatani T, Hamba Y, Boroevich KA, Tsunoda T. Association between high immune activity and worse prognosis in uveal melanoma and low-grade glioma in TCGA transcriptomic data. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:351. [PMID: 35525921 PMCID: PMC9078026 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08586-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune status in the tumor microenvironment is an important determinant of cancer progression and patient prognosis. Although a higher immune activity is often associated with a better prognosis, this trend is not absolute and differs across cancer types. We aimed to give insights into why some cancers do not show better survival despite higher immunity by assessing the relationship between different biological factors, including cytotoxicity, and patient prognosis in various cancer types using RNA-seq data collected by The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS Results showed that a higher immune activity was associated with worse overall survival in patients with uveal melanoma and low-grade glioma, which are cancers of immune-privileged sites. In these cancers, epithelial or endothelial mesenchymal transition and inflammatory state as well as immune activation had a notable negative correlation with patient survival. Further analysis using additional single-cell data of uveal melanoma and glioma revealed that epithelial or endothelial mesenchymal transition was mainly induced in retinal pigment cells or endothelial cells that comprise the blood-retinal and blood-brain barriers, which are unique structures of the eye and central nervous system, respectively. Inflammation was mainly promoted by macrophages, and their infiltration increased significantly in response to immune activation. Furthermore, we found the expression of inflammatory chemokines, particularly CCL5, was strongly correlated with immune activity and associated with poor survival, particularly in these cancers, suggesting that these inflammatory mediators are potential molecular targets for therapeutics. CONCLUSIONS In uveal melanoma and low-grade glioma, inflammation from macrophages and epithelial or endothelial mesenchymal transition are particularly associated with a poor prognosis. This implies that they loosen the structures of the blood barrier and impair homeostasis and further recruit immune cells, which could result in a feedback loop of additional inflammatory effects leading to runaway conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Matsuo
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamatani
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of AI Technology Development, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Division of Precision Cancer Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Hamba
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keith A Boroevich
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 230-0045, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 230-0045, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan.
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Bertolin M, Lamon M, Franco E, Barbaro V, Ferrari S, Bovone C, Yu AC, Parekh M, Ponzin D, Busin M. Culture of corneal endothelial cells obtained by descemetorhexis of corneas with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Exp Eye Res 2021; 211:108748. [PMID: 34461137 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Currently, endothelial keratoplasty is the gold standard for the surgical treatment of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Despite the remarkable success in terms of surgical outcomes, a shortage of corneal donor tissue poses a limitation to performing endothelial keratoplasty in many parts of the world. Cell therapy is a potential alternative strategy to keratoplasty and is currently under investigation. Considering that corneas with FECD may contain relatively healthy endothelial cells, samples obtained by descemetorhexis of eyes undergoing EK for FECD can be used for ex vivo expansion of endothelial cells as an autologous cell culture. In this study, we established corneal endothelial cell cultures derived from 40 patients that underwent endothelial keratoplasty for advanced FECD. Several parameters were evaluated including patient characteristics such as age, gender, and endothelial cell density as well as various processing and cell culture protocols based on different combinations of shipping temperatures, stabilization periods and treatment methods for corneal endothelial cell dissociation. FECD cultures were classified into three groups as: (i) no cells, (ii) cell cultures with endothelial-like morphology or (iii) cell cultures with fibroblast-like features. Our data seem to suggest that some factors can influence FECD cell culture characteristics including young age, high paracentral endothelial cell density, low shipping temperature and short stabilization period prior to cell isolation. Treatment with type 1 collagenase for cell isolation can delay endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, but does not increase proliferative capacity. Although heterologous corneal endothelial cultures from healthy donors have shown encouraging outcomes, the feasibility of autologous cell therapy as a potential treatment for FECD remains challenging. Low initial cell concentration as well as endothelial to mesenchymal transition are the main obstacles to the application of FECD cultures in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mattia Lamon
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto, Venice, Italy
| | - Elena Franco
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedali Privati Forlì "Villa Igea", Forlì, Italy; Istituto Internazionale per la Ricerca e Formazione in Oftalmologia (IRFO), Forlì, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Bovone
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedali Privati Forlì "Villa Igea", Forlì, Italy; Istituto Internazionale per la Ricerca e Formazione in Oftalmologia (IRFO), Forlì, Italy
| | - Angeli Christy Yu
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedali Privati Forlì "Villa Igea", Forlì, Italy; Istituto Internazionale per la Ricerca e Formazione in Oftalmologia (IRFO), Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Diego Ponzin
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto, Venice, Italy
| | - Massimo Busin
- University of Ferrara, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedali Privati Forlì "Villa Igea", Forlì, Italy; Istituto Internazionale per la Ricerca e Formazione in Oftalmologia (IRFO), Forlì, Italy
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Terzuoli E, Nannelli G, Giachetti A, Morbidelli L, Ziche M, Donnini S. Targeting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition: the protective role of hydroxytyrosol sulfate metabolite. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:517-27. [PMID: 30725211 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) plays an important role in pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory diseases. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) and, particularly, its major plasma metabolite HT-3O sulfate (HT-3Os) are known olive oil antioxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenols which exert benefits against vascular diseases by improving endothelial function. However, to date the HT-3Os role in EndMT is not well known. METHODS To investigate the HT-3Os effects on EndMT in the inflamed endothelium, we used an in vitro model of endothelial dysfunction, challenging endothelial cells (EC), human umbilical EC (HUVEC) and human retinal EC (HREC) with Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), an inflammatory agent. HREC were used as a specific model to investigate HT-3Os effects on vascular retinal diseases. RESULTS We found that IL-1β treatment-induced EndMT phenotype in both cell models, also changing cell morphology. HT-3Os protected EC against IL-1β effects, recovering cell morphology and phenotype. Mechanistically, HT-3Os targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 FGFR1 expression and let-7 miRNA, controlled transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling in EC, downregulating transcription factors expression (SNAI1 and ZEB2) and gene expression of late EndMT markers (FN1, VIM, NOTCH3, CNN1, MMP2 and MMP9). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that HT-3Os blunts pathological EndMT in inflamed EC, maintaining high let-7 miRNA expression and preventing activation of TGF-β signalling.
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Gurzu S, Turdean SG, Pop ST, Zazgyva A, Roman CO, Opris M, Jung I. Different synovial vasculogenic profiles of primary, rapidly destructive and osteonecrosis-induced hip osteoarthritis. An immunohistochemistry study. Int Orthop 2017; 41:1107-1112. [PMID: 27704157 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-016-3302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a hypothesis regarding the pathways of angiogenesis in primary versus secondary hip osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS In synovial tissue samples provided by 57 consecutive patients who underwent hip arthroplasty, immunohistochemical examinations were performed using the following angiogenesis-related antibodies: VEGF-A, COX-2, maspin and the endothelial cells markers CD31 and CD105. The cases were divided into three categories: classic primary hip OA (group A; n = 16), rapidly destructive hip OA (group B; n = 24) and hip OA secondary to avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head (group C; n = 17). The endothelial area (EA) was digitally quantified for both CD31 and CD105. RESULTS The large mature vessels with CD105-positive activated endothelium predominated in group C, which also showed the highest CD105 median EA value (7.31 ± 4.01, compared to 4.76 ± 3.73 for group A and 6.69 ± 3.53 for group B). In groups A and B, synovial cell hyperplasia and the predominance of small immature vessels were characteristic. CD105, VEGF-A and COX-2 were focally seen in the synovial membrane, without maspin positivity. CONCLUSIONS The severity of hip OA can be related to angiogenesis pathways that are not maspin-mediated. In primary hip OA, angiogenesis may be induced by a combined mechanism: hypoxia-related VEGF-dependent vasculogenesis and endothelial differentiation of the activated pluripotent cells, which are released from the hyperplastic synovial cells layer. An endothelial mesenchymal transition is assumed to be involved in the fibrotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gurzu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 38 Ghe Marinescu Street, 540139, Tirgu, Mures, Romania
| | - Sabin Gligore Turdean
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 38 Ghe Marinescu Street, 540139, Tirgu, Mures, Romania.
| | - Sorin Tudor Pop
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Ancuta Zazgyva
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Ciprian Oliviu Roman
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Mihaela Opris
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Ioan Jung
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 38 Ghe Marinescu Street, 540139, Tirgu, Mures, Romania
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