Sleep profile and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Non-pharmacological interventions for improving sleep outcomes among patients with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIMS

To determine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep outcomes among patients with coronary artery disease and recognize pertinent characteristics that potentially affect the effectiveness of such interventions.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Relevant studies conducted before 27 April 2022 were identified through four core electronic databases using terms related to coronary artery disease, sleep outcomes, and randomized controlled trials. Two authors independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment. Meta-analysis, sub-group analysis, publication bias analysis, and sensitivity analysis were conducted using R version 4.2.2. Of the 4755 retrieved articles, 42 studies were selected for systematic review and 30 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The findings of this study revealed that non-pharmacological interventions significantly improved self-reported sleep quality (standardized mean difference = -0.85, 95% confidence interval -1.08, -0.63), but had no effects on objectively measured sleep efficiency and duration. Regarding the types of interventions involved, environmental control was the most effective in improving self-reported sleep quality, followed by relaxation, self-care behaviour management, and relaxation and cognitive/psychological complex interventions. Through subgroup analysis, we did not find any covariates that were significantly related to self-reported sleep quality.

CONCLUSION

Non-pharmacological interventions have been shown to play beneficial roles in improving self-reported sleep quality among patients with coronary artery disease. Additional studies are required to elucidate the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on objectively measured sleep outcomes and to characterize their optimal frequencies and durations.

REGISTRATION

PROSPERO CRD42022366851.

Sleep profile status based on substance use, lipids and demographic variables in Tabari cohort study

BACKGROUND

This study aims to investigate the situation of sleep profile and its related factors in the Tabari Cohort Tabari (TCS) population.

METHODS

The information of 10255 of the Tabari cohort population in the enrolment phase was used in this study. The sleep profile data was collected and recorded by trained questioners. The sleep duration in day & night, the time interval between going bed and falling asleep, continuous use of sedatives, involuntary nap, limb hypermobility during sleep and shift working were determined for each person. Data analysis was performed by independent T test and Pearson correlation coefficient.

RESULTS

Mean, standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum of sleep duration in this population were 7.6, 1.6, 7.5, 0.5 and 17 h. Frequency of sleeping less than 6 h, 6-10 h and more than 10 h were 1168(11.4%), 8463(82.5%) and 624(6.1%) respectively. Prevalence of sleeping more than 10 h among men and women were 5% and 6.8% respectively (P < 0.001). Prevalence of sedative routine use among men and women were 4.7% and 9.6% respectively (P < 0.001). There were significant relationships between sleep duration and area residence, age group (P < 0.001), education level (P < 0.001), socioeconomic level (P < 0.001), triglyceride (P = 0.002), HDL-cholesterol (P = 0.013) and Cholesterol total (P = 0.021). There was a negative correlation between age and sleep duration (r = -0.062, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The results showed the association of the quality and quantity of sleep with personal, social, environmental and biological factors such as gender, age, economic status, educational status, and lipid profile. Therefore without proper intervention, the incidence of outcomes associated with these risk factors can be predicted in TCS In later years.

Influencing factors of care dependence in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention-A cross-sectional study

AIM

Care dependence has been scarcely investigated in coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. This study aimed to investigate the association between frailty, self-efficacy, combined effects of frailty and self-efficacy, mental health, and care dependence in coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study.

METHODS

Data from 400 patients after percutaneous coronary intervention were collected from 2017-2020. Logistic regression model and mediating analysis were used to identify the association between frailty, self-efficacy, combined effects of frailty and self-efficacy, and care dependence.

RESULTS

Patients with frailty and self-efficacy tended to have severe care dependence symptoms. There was no correlation between frailty symptoms, self-efficacy, and care dependence in patients without symptoms of anxiety or depression. But in patients with anxiety or depression symptoms, there is a strong correlation between frailty symptoms, lower self-efficacy, and care dependence. Mental health played an inhibitory effect on frailty and care dependence.