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Tazinkeng NN, Pearlstein EF, Manda-Mapalo M, Adekunle AD, Monteiro JFG, Sawyer K, Egboh SMC, Bains K, Chukwudike ES, Mohamed MF, Asante C, Ssempiira J, Asombang AW. Incidence and risk factors for colorectal cancer in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:303. [PMID: 39251919 PMCID: PMC11382465 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There is a significant burden of mortality from colorectal cancer in Africa. Due to the heterogeneity of dietary and lifestyle practices throughout Africa, our work sought to define risk factors for the development of CRC in the African continent. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Global Health, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, and African Index Medicus for studies written in English, examining the incidence and risk factors of CRC in Africa. A systematic analysis was done to compare different risk factors in constituent studies. A meta-analysis random effects model was fitted to estimate the pooled incidence of CRC. RESULTS Of 2471 studies screened, 26 were included for the quantitative analysis; 20 in the incidence analysis, and six in the risk factor analysis. The overall ASIR per 100,000 person-years of CRC for males and females was 7.51 and 6.22, respectively. The highest incidence rates were observed between 2012 and 2021. Risk factors for CRC in Africa include tobacco smoking, and consumption of red meat, butter, and alcohol. Protective factors included, regular consumption of fruits and regular physical activity. CONCLUSION The incidence of CRC in Africa is higher than that suggested by previous studies. Our study shows that nonmodifiable and modifiable factors contribute to CRC in Africa. High-quality studies conducted on generalizable populations that examine risk factors in a comprehensive fashion are required to inform primary and secondary prevention initiatives for CRC in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkengeh N Tazinkeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
- Department of Research, Pan-African Organization for Health Education and Research, Missouri, USA.
| | | | - Martha Manda-Mapalo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | | - Kelsey Sawyer
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Kanwal Bains
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Comfort Asante
- Department of Medicine, Ndola Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Akwi W Asombang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Research, Pan-African Organization for Health Education and Research, Missouri, USA
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Metwally YF, Elsaid AM, Elsadda RR, Refaat S, Zahran RF. Impact of IL-6 and IL-1β Gene Variants on Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Risk in Egyptian Patients. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10596-2. [PMID: 38103126 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a serious health and life issue, with the fastest-growing incidence and fatality rates worldwide. It is now clear that inflammation is a key factor involved in all aspects of carcinogenesis, notably lung cancer development. Genetic changes, including polymorphisms in inflammatory genes, are supposed to be a significant cause of increased lung cancer risk. The main idea of this research was to disclose the linkage between both IL-6 rs1800795 and IL-1β rs16944 variants and susceptibility to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Egyptians. This case-control design was composed of 127 cases and 138 controls, which were genotyped using the ARMS-PCR technique. To examine the NSCLC susceptibility under various genetic models, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined by logistic regression. Rs1800795 of the IL-6 gene was linked to higher odds of NSCLC under the allele model (adjusted, OR 2.28; 95% CI 1.2-4.33; p = 0.011). In the genetic models, IL-6 rs1800795 elevated the odds of NSCLC, while IL-1β rs16944 decreased the odds of NSCLC. Stratification analysis showed that IL-6 rs1800795 greatly increased the NSCLC risk in females and adenocarcinoma subtypes, whereas IL-1β rs16944 largely decreased the NSCLC risk for males, patients aged < 55, and nonsmokers. Regarding clinical data, the IL-6 variant was remarkably correlated with tumor size. This work primarily established that IL-6 and IL-1β variants have a great impact on NSCLC development in the Egyptian population; thus, it may be a supportive guide for earlier NSCLC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna F Metwally
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Afaf M Elsaid
- Genetics Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rana R Elsadda
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sherif Refaat
- Oncology Department, Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha F Zahran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Duncan A, Nousome D, Ricks R, Kuo HC, Ravindranath L, Dobi A, Cullen J, Srivastava S, Chesnut GT, Petrovics G, Kohaar I. Association of TP53 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Prostate Cancer in a Racially Diverse Cohort of Men. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051404. [PMID: 37239075 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates the involvement of a genetic component in prostate cancer (CaP) susceptibility and clinical severity. Studies have reported the role of germline mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TP53 as possible risk factors for cancer development. In this single institutional retrospective study, we identified common SNPs in the TP53 gene in AA and CA men and performed association analyses for functional TP53 SNPs with the clinico-pathological features of CaP. The SNP genotyping analysis of the final cohort of 308 men (212 AA; 95 CA) identified 74 SNPs in the TP53 region, with a minor allele frequency (MAF) of at least 1%. Two SNPs were non-synonymous in the exonic region of TP53: rs1800371 (Pro47Ser) and rs1042522 (Arg72Pro). The Pro47Ser variant had an MAF of 0.01 in AA but was not detected in CA. Arg72Pro was the most common SNP, with an MAF of 0.50 (0.41 in AA; 0.68 in CA). Arg72Pro was associated with a shorter time to biochemical recurrence (BCR) (p = 0.046; HR = 1.52). The study demonstrated ancestral differences in the allele frequencies of the TP53 Arg72Pro and Pro47Ser SNPs, providing a valuable framework for evaluating CaP disparities among AA and CA men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Duncan
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Randy Ricks
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Huai-Ching Kuo
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Lakshmi Ravindranath
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Albert Dobi
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Jennifer Cullen
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Shiv Srivastava
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gregory T Chesnut
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Urology Service, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Gyorgy Petrovics
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Indu Kohaar
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
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Ali EMM, Diab T, Elsaid A, Abd El Daim HA, Elshazli RM, Settin A. Fat mass and obesity-associated ( FTO) and leptin receptor ( LEPR) gene polymorphisms in Egyptian obese subjects. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:28-36. [PMID: 30767572 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1573841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies addressed the contribution of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) and leptin receptor (LEPR) polymorphisms for the susceptibility to obesity among different ethnic subjects. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the association of these polymorph\isms with obesity among Egyptian subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This case-control study was carried out on 110 unrelated obese Egyptian subjects who were compared with 122 controls. Their genomic DNA was genotyped using the PCR technique. RESULTS The allelic frequencies of FTO rs9939609 (A) and LEPR rs1137101 (223R) were significantly higher in obese subjects compared with non-obese controls (p < .001). Comparing different phenotype frequencies including clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters in obese subjects revealed no significant difference in relation to their genotype frequencies (p> .05). CONCLUSIONS This study designates a strong association for FTO and LEPR variants with the risk of obesity among Egyptian subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab M M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thoria Diab
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Afaf Elsaid
- Genetic Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hamada A Abd El Daim
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Settin
- Genetic Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Abou-El-Naga AM, Abo El-Khair SM, Mahmoud AZ, Hamza M, Elshazli RM. Association of genetic variants in the 3'-untranslated region of the mesothelin (MSLN) gene with ovarian carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22637. [PMID: 32997381 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Limited information has been offered regarding the association of mesothelin (MSLN) gene variants at the 3'-untranslated region with the risk of ovarian carcinoma. The primary objective of this work is to assess the impact of the MSLN (rs1057147 and rs57272256) variants on the progression of ovarian carcinoma among Egyptian women. The study was conceived based on 127 women diagnosed with ovarian carcinoma and 106 unrelated cancer-free controls. Genomic DNA of these MSLN variants was genotyped utilizing the PCR technique. The frequencies of the MSLN (rs1057147) variant revealed a significant association with increased risk of ovarian carcinoma under allelic and dominant models (P < .05). Nonetheless, ovarian cancer patients with the MSLN (rs57272256) variant did not attain considerable significance under all genetic models (P > .05). Together, our findings suggested that the MSLN (rs1057147) variant was associated with an increased risk of ovarian carcinoma, but not the MSLN (rs57272256) variant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salwa M Abo El-Khair
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Z Mahmoud
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
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Genetic variants association with cancers in African-based populations: A systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 67:101739. [PMID: 32554299 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the single leading cause of human deaths worldwide. The highest incidence and mortality are recorded from Africa. The last two decades have witnessed extensive research which has led to emerging prognosis and new gene therapy technologies. Cancer therapy in Africa is derived with little input from African population data. While a number of cancer studies on African populations have suggested varied susceptible variant, no comprehensive review of these studies has been undertaken to assess their coverage across Africa. METHODS This study aimed to undertake a review of all molecular genetic studies that interrogated the genetic variants of cancers in African-based populations. Our search methodology was modelled after the Cochrane systematic review protocol, which included MeSH terms and related keywords. RESULTS Ninety-seven articles studying 13 cancer types, were reviewed. 91 articles screened for polymorphisms using PCR-based techniques while three used SNP array, two used whole exome sequencing and one used pyrosequencing. North African (NA) countries undertook 51/97 (53 %) studies on 12/13 (92 %) cancer types while the Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) countries undertook 46/97 (47 %) studies on 7/13 (54 %) cancer types. Twelve out of these thirteen cancer type studies suggested susceptibility to their target polymorphism (p > 0.05). No study replicated or validated variants detected. CONCLUSION Research on genetic determinants in African-based population cancer offers translational benefits. We recommended large scale, multi-national genome association studies using high throughput techniques. SSA needs to receive more attention due to the shortage of this type of study and data in the region.
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Elshazli RM, Toraih EA, Elgaml A, Kandil E, Fawzy MS. Genetic polymorphisms of TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) and colorectal cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis based on 59 case-control studies. Gene 2020; 734:144391. [PMID: 32001373 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several earlier reports implicated TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) variants in outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC), but with inconclusive findings. This current meta-analysis designed to uncover the role of these variants in CRC risk. METHODOLOGY Two independent investigators extracted 59 eligible case-control studies from different electronic databases involving Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed prior to June 2019. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and "95% confidence intervals (CIs)" were computed for different hereditary models. Stratification and heterogeneity analyses, and "Begg's funnel plots" were conducted. In silico data analyses of the functional and structural properties of the study variants were applied. RESULTS In general, 47 and 16 case-control reports for TP53 (11,589 patients and 13,622 controls) and MDM2 (6841 CRC patients and 8792 healthy controls), respectively were enrolled in this meta-analysis. A significant association of TP53 (rs1042522) variant with increased CRC risk in overall pooled subjects under recessive model [(CC vs. GC + GG, OR = 1.134, 95% CI = 1.006-1.278, P = 0.039)] was observed. Moreover, an evidence of MDM2 (rs2279744) association with increased CRC risk in overall pooled subjects under dominant and heterozygote models [(TG + GG vs. TT, OR = 1.120, 95% CI = 1.003-1.250, P = 0.044) and (TG vs. TT, OR = 1.189, 95% CI = 1.076-1.313, P = 0.001), respectively] was reported. Additionally, TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) showed an association with CRC risk among Asians and Africans under a recessive model, and among Asians under different genetic models, respectively, by stratification analysis. CONCLUSION TP53 (rs1042522) and MDM2 (rs2279744) variants might represent candidate risk factors for CRC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami M Elshazli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Genetics unit, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Elgaml
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Emad Kandil
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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