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Jeyasri R, Muthuramalingam P, Priya A, Alexpandi R, Shanmugam NRS, Nivetha S, Shin H, Pandian SK, Ravi AV, Ramesh M. Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluation of therapeutic potential of Bacopa-derived asiatic acid against a human oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1404012. [PMID: 38983632 PMCID: PMC11231090 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1404012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common human oral disease worldwide, caused by an acid-producing bacteria Streptococcus mutans. The use of synthetic drugs and antibiotics to prevent dental caries has been increasing, but this can lead to severe side effects. To solve this issue, developing and developed countries have resorted to herbal medicines as an alternative to synthetic drugs for the treatment and prevention of dental caries. Therefore, there is an urgent need for plant-derived products to treat such diseases. Bacopa monnieri, a well-documented medicinal plant, contains 52 phytocompounds, including the pentacyclic triterpenoid metabolite known as asiatic acid (ASTA). Hence, this study aimed to demonstrate, for the first time, the antibacterial activity of phytocompound ASTA against S. mutans. The findings revealed that ASTA significantly inhibited the growth of S. mutans and the production of virulence factors such as acidurity, acidogenicity, and eDNA synthesis. Molecular docking analysis evaluated the potential activity of ASTA against S. mutans virulence genes, including VicR and GtfC. Furthermore, toxicity assessment of ASTA in human buccal epithelial cells was performed, and no morphological changes were observed. An in vivo analysis using Danio rerio (zebrafish) confirmed that the ASTA treatment significantly increased the survival rates of infected fish by hindering the intestinal colonization of S. mutans. Furthermore, the disease protection potential of ASTA against the pathognomonic symptom of S. mutans infection was proven by the histopathological examination of the gills, gut, and kidney. Overall, these findings suggest that ASTA may be a promising therapeutic and alternative drug for the treatment and prevention of oral infection imposed by S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Jeyasri
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Arumugam Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Rajaiah Alexpandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - N. R. Siva Shanmugam
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Saminathan Nivetha
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hyunsuk Shin
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | | | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Balto H, Bekhit MS, Auda SH, Elansary A, Bhat RS, Marraiki N, Al-Hadlaq S. Synergistic effect of Salvadora persica and chitosan nanoparticles against oropharyngeal microorganisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12997. [PMID: 38844768 PMCID: PMC11156879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicine combined with nanoparticles has caught much interest in clinical dental practice, yet the incorporation of chitosan with Salvadora persica (S. persica) extract as an oral care product has not been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effectiveness of Salvadora persica(S. persica) and Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) against oropharyngeal microorganisms. Agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimal lethal concentration assays were used to assess the antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of S. persica and ChNPs against selected fungal strains, Gram-positive, and Gram-negative bacteria. A mixture of 10% S. persica and 0.5% ChNPs was prepared (SChNPs) and its synergistic effect against the tested microbes was evaluated. Furthermore, the strain that was considered most sensitive was subjected to a 24-h treatment with SChNPs mixture; and examined using SEM, FT-IR and GC-MS analysis. S. persica extract and ChNPs exhibited concentration-dependent antimicrobial activities against all tested strains. S. persica extract and ChNPs at 10% were most effective against S. pneumoni, K. pneumoni, and C. albicans. SEM images confirmed the synergistic effect of the SChNPs mixture, revealing S. pneumonia cells with increased irregularity and higher cell lysis compared to the individual solutions. GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of SChNPs showed many active antimicrobial phytocompounds and some additional peaks, respectively. The synergy of the mixture of SChNPs in the form of mouth-rinsing solutions can be a promising approach for the control of oropharyngeal microbes that are implicated in viral secondary bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Balto
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 62645, 11595, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounir Salim Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed H Auda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 12372, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Elansary
- Central Research Laboratory, Female Campus, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramesa Shafi Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat Marraiki
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Solaiman Al-Hadlaq
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 62645, 11595, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Pradeep P, Thomas AR, Kaur K, Samson RS, Mayya A, Adiga S, Nagraj SK. Herbal medicines to prevent dental caries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 2024:CD015832. [PMCID: PMC11091949 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2024]
Abstract
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of herbs/herbal extracts to prevent or minimise tooth decay in children and adults.
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Rehman S, Iqbal Z, Qureshi R, AlOmar TS, Almasoud N, Younas M, Rauf A, Irfan M. Ethno-Dentistry of Medicinal Plants Used in North Waziristan, Pakistan. Int Dent J 2024; 74:310-320. [PMID: 37953188 PMCID: PMC10988256 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at recording therapeutic plant species used by inhabitants to treat dental disorders in the district of North Waziristan, Pakistan. The indigenous people of the studied area are dependent on medicinal plants for their basic health care needs including dental care. METHODS Ethnomedicinal data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaires, and in addition 130 local informants were interviewed. The collected data were evaluated using various quantitative indices, including use value (UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL%), and Jaccard Index (JI). RESULTS A total of 69 plants belonging to 48 plant families used in dental disorders were identified. The Lamiaceae was the leading family that shared 7 species, followed by Solanaceae (4 spp).The dominant life form used was herbs (47.83%), folowed by leaves (43.90%) in preparing remedies for different dental disorders. Decoction was the most common mode of preparation (34.21%), followed by pastes (21.05%). The highest RFC (0.36) was reported for Bergenia ciliata, followed by Salvadora oleoides (0.35). The majority of the plants (36 spp) were utilised as herbal medicine to treat toothache, followed by 13 species for periodontal (gum) infections, 11 species used for teeth cleaning, and 9 species for halitosis (bad breath). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first-ever record of ethnomedicinal applications for the treatment of dental diseases from Pakistan. Some of the forgeoing hebal medications should be further evalauted for the development of pahrmaceutical bio-products for the treatment of dental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabith Rehman
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rahmatullah Qureshi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Taghrid S AlOmar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourahbint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Almasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourahbint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Younas
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Botany, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Pakistan
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Chikowe I, Bwaila KD, Ugbaja SC, Abouzied AS. GC-MS analysis, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetic studies of Multidentia crassa extracts' compounds for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in dentistry. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1876. [PMID: 38253619 PMCID: PMC10803350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts have been useful for oral health or dentistry. However, only a few evidence-based justifications exist. This study evaluated Multidentia crassa (Hiern) Bridson & Verdc, one of the oral health-used plants in Malawi. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) identified the extracts' compounds. The pharmacokinetics of the identified compounds were studied using pkCSM and SwissADME, and molecular docking studies were used to identify potential drug candidates for oral health by predicting the binding affinity of the compounds to cyclooxygenases, interleukin-1 beta receptors, odontoblast cold sensor proteins, and purinergic receptor P2X3. FT-IR analysis showed characteristic peaks of phenols, carboxylic acids, alkenes, alkyl halides, amines, esters, ethers, aromatics, and lipids. GC-MS results showed the presence of 58 bioactive phytocompounds, some of which have various pharmacological activities relevant to oral health. Molecular docking further validated stigmastan-3,5-diene's potency for analgesic and anti-inflammatory purposes. Based on a literature review, this is the first report on the bioactive compounds of M. crassa extracts showing analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. This study's results can lead to new herbal and conventional medicines. Therefore, we recommend in vivo and in vitro studies to elucidate the pharmacological effects of the plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Chikowe
- Pharmacy Department, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (KUHES), Blantyre, Malawi.
| | - King David Bwaila
- Pharmacy Department, Malawi College of Health Sciences, Zomba, Malawi
| | - Samuel Chima Ugbaja
- The Department of Population Science, African Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa
| | - Amr S Abouzied
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, 81442, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, 12553, Egypt
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Dalir Abdolahinia E, Hajisadeghi S, Moayedi Banan Z, Dadgar E, Delaramifar A, Izadian S, Sharifi S, Maleki Dizaj S. Potential applications of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in oral and dental health: Status quo and future perspectives. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2468-2482. [PMID: 35699367 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herbal therapies are utilized to treat a broad diversity of diseases all over the globe. Although no clinical studies have been conducted to demonstrate the antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antiplaque characteristics of these plants, this does not imply that they are ineffectual as periodontal treatments or anti-cariogenic drugs. However, there is a scarcity of research confirming their efficacy and worth. SUBJECT Herbs are utilized in dentistry as antimicrobial, antineoplastic, antiseptic, antioxidant, and analgesics agents as well as for the elimination of bad breath. In addition, the application of herbal agents in tissue engineering improved the regeneration of oral and dental tissues. This study reviews the application of medicinal herbs for the treatment of dental and oral diseases in different aspects. METHODS This article focuses on current developments in the use of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in oral and dental health. An extensive literature review was conducted via an Internet database, mostly PubMed. The articles included full-text publications written in English without any restrictions on a date. CONCLUSION Plants have been suggested, as an alternate remedy for oral-dental problems, and this vocation needs long-term dependability. More research on herbal medicine potential as pharmaceutical sources and/or therapies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Hajisadeghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Zahra Moayedi Banan
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Dadgar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Delaramifar
- School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadian
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sri VP, Srinivasan S, Muthukumar S, Chellaswamy S, Nachiappan NN, Thamilselvan S. Evaluation of antifungal activity of vanilla pods silver nanoparticles against various oral candidal species: An in-vitro study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:693-699. [PMID: 38304524 PMCID: PMC10829453 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_273_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The oral health of individuals is undoubtedly affected by the fact that fungal microorganisms are currently resistant to the conventional antifungal drugs used. Still, there are numerous emerging therapeutic alternatives available like phytotherapy. The phytochemistry of various plant species has indicated that phytochemicals could be a better source of medicine with outstanding antifungal, healing, anti-inflammatory spectrum, and antioxidant properties. Aim To evaluate the antifungal efficacy of silver nanoparticles of vanilla pods against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei and to compare with Fluconazole. Materials and Methods The vanilla pods were procured from the organic store. The aqueous extracts were prepared. Ten percent of the vanilla extract was utilized to generate the silver nanoparticles. The generated silver nanoparticles were characterized visually based on color change and confirmed by UV spectroscopy. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antifungal activity of the vanilla pods reinforced silver nanoparticles at different concentrations (20 μl, 40 μ, 40n μ, and 80 μand 80ratioC. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. krusei. The antifungal efficacy of the produced nanoparticles was evaluated against a standard of ketoconazole (30 μ30. Results Vanillin silver nanoparticles exhibit commendable antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. glabrata which is equivalent to that of ketoconazole, and amplified activity against drug-resistant C. krusei was evident. Conclusion Silver nanoparticles from vanilla pods were studied and their wider zones of inhibition indicated exemplary antifungal efficacy compared with conventional antifungal drugs like ketoconazole. Clinical significance Future research on vanillin nanocarrier systems might enhance their stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity. As an outcome, with some promising advances in this area, it would be captivating to pursue a systematic investigation into the potential effects of vanillin at the cellular and molecular levels. This will enable us to further assess its applicability as an active biopharmaceutical ingredient in mouthwashes, probiotic lozenges, and denture resin for use as an effective strategy against the biofilm growth of various Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- V.L Premika Sri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samyukta Srinivasan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathish Muthukumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sreeja Chellaswamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Nachiammai Nachiappan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Snega Thamilselvan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Salami AA, Kanmodi KK, Leuke Bandara D, Aladelusi TO, Amzat J, Lin D, Ojo TO, Jayasinghe RD. The use of Qigong and Tai Chi in the management of temporomandibular joint dysfunction: A systematic review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1639. [PMID: 37877129 PMCID: PMC10591026 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Qigong and Tai Chi (QTC) are mind-body exercises involving a sequence of graceful movements, which promote self-healing, meditation, and self-cultivation. There is growing evidence that Qigong and/or Tai Chi therapy may improve the physical and psychological health among adults with multiple health conditions including joint movement. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence on the type and effectiveness of QTC therapies used in the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Methods This systematic review followed the AMSTAR-2 guideline, and it was reported based on guidelines in the PRISMA checklist. The review involved a systematic search of nine electronic databases. After deduplication and screening of the literature retrieved from the search, only one article was included based on the review's inclusion criteria. Data was extracted from this article and synthesized. Results The only included article was on a non-randomized control trial which investigated the role of Tai Chi Qigong (a form of Qigong) therapy in improving joint mobility and alleviating trismus among 52 survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had TMJ disorders. The study reported, at different time intervals (at pretest; at mid-intervention; at posttest; and at follow-up posttest), that no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed concerning mouth opening capacity between the intervention group and the control group. However, over time, less severe deterioration in mouth-opening was noted among the participants in the intervention group (p = 0.181) as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion The role of QTC therapies in improving joint mobility and alleviating trismus is not yet fully understood, but it seems promising. The available evidence is inadequate to categorically conclude on the efficacy of these therapies. Further studies will be required to fully assess the effectiveness of QTC therapies in the management of TMJ dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afeez A. Salami
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
| | - Kehinde K. Kanmodi
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- School of DentistryUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Dhanushka Leuke Bandara
- Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka
| | - Timothy O. Aladelusi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
| | - Jimoh Amzat
- Department of SociologyUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria
- Department of SociologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Dan Lin
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Temitope O. Ojo
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Ruwan D. Jayasinghe
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
- Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dental SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka
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Ullah H, Minno AD, Filippis AD, Sommella E, Buccato DG, Lellis LFD, El-Seedi HR, Khalifa SAM, Piccinocchi R, Galdiero M, Campiglia P, Daglia M. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties and Bioaccessibility after Oral Digestion of Chemically Characterized Extracts Obtained from Cistus × incanus L., Scutellaria lateriflora L., and Their Combination. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091826. [PMID: 37174364 PMCID: PMC10178160 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are oral inflammatory diseases ranging from gingivitis to chronic periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major pathogens responsible for severe and chronic periodontitis. Plant extracts with antimicrobial activity could be considered possible alternatives to chlorhexidine, an antiseptic substance used in oral hygiene thatcan cause bacteria resistance. Here, two commercial extracts obtained from Cistus × incanus L. and Scutellaria lateriflora L. were chemically characterized usingUltra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a Q-Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. The extracts were studied for their bioaccessibility after simulated in vitro oral digestion, their antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis, their protective effects against cellular invasion by P. gingivalis, and their antibiofilm activity. The extracts were found to contain very complex mixtures of polyphenols, which were quite stable after in vitro simulated oral digestion and demonstrated mild, dose-dependent inhibitory activity against P. gingivalis growth. This activity increased with the combination of the two extracts. Moreover, the combination of the extracts induced a reduction in P. gingivalis HaCaT invasiveness, and the reduction in biofilm came to around 80%. In conclusion, a combination of C. incanus and S. lateriflora showed promising effects useful in the treatment of gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy
- CEINGE-BiotecnologieAvanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Daniele Giuseppe Buccato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy
| | | | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roberto Piccinocchi
- Level 1 Medical Director Anaesthesia and Resuscitation A. U. O. Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Via De Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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10
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Soto KM, Pérez Bueno JDJ, Mendoza López ML, Apátiga-Castro M, López-Romero JM, Mendoza S, Manzano-Ramírez A. Antioxidants in Traditional Mexican Medicine and Their Applications as Antitumor Treatments. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040482. [PMID: 37111239 PMCID: PMC10145960 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine in Latin America and mainly in Mexico represents an essential alternative for treating different diseases. The use of plants as medicine is the product of a rich cultural tradition of the indigenous peoples, in which a great variety of species are used for the treatment of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and mental diseases and some other sicknesses; the therapeutic efficacy that they possess is due to the properties that derive from the active ingredients of plants principally antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenes, and tannins. An antioxidant is a substance that, at low concentrations, delays or prevents substrate oxidation through the exchange of electrons. Different methods are used to determine the antioxidant activity and the most commonly used are described in the review. Cancer is a disease in which some cells multiply uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis. These cells can lead to the formation of tumors, which are lumps of tissue that can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign). Generally, the treatment of this disease consists of surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, which have side effects that decrease the quality of life of patients, so new treatments, focusing on natural resources such as plants, can be developed. This review aims to gather scientific evidence on the antioxidant compounds present in plants used in traditional Mexican medicine, specifically as antitumor treatment in the most common cancer types worldwide (e.g., breast, liver, and colorectal cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Soto
- Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Pérez Bueno
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, S.C., Parque Tecnológico, Querétaro-Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Santiago de Querétaro 76703, Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa Mendoza López
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Querétaro, Av. Tecnológico s/n, Esq. Mariano, Escobedo Colonia Centro, Santiago de Querétaro 76000, Mexico
| | - Miguel Apátiga-Castro
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 1-1010, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - José M López-Romero
- Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Sandra Mendoza
- Research and Graduate Program in Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Manzano-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
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Pasupuleti MK, Nagate RR, Alqahtani SM, Penmetsa GS, Gottumukkala SNVS, Ramesh KSV. Role of Medicinal Herbs in Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:9-16. [PMID: 37153928 PMCID: PMC10155875 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_210_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives The use of medicinal herbs to prevent gingival and periodontal diseases has become increasingly popular due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This systematic review aims to provide the current literature to validate the traditional use of medicinal herbs in the management of gingival and periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods An online literature search was conducted to identify research papers published from 2010 to 2022 in three major scientific databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, in June 2022. Original research studies, case reports, and systematic reviews on medicinal plants' application in oral health care were selected to be included in this systematic review. Only high-quality articles identified in the quality assessment were included for evidence synthesis. Results Initial keyword research yielded 726 free-text articles published between 2010 and 2022. Of these, 14 articles (8 research papers and 6 reviews) were included for evidence synthesis. The review's findings indicate that the antibacterial property of medicinal plants is due to their alkaline nature and prevents plaque and calculus formation by maintaining acid-alkali balance in saliva. Various parts of medicinal plants help maintain periodontal health. Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major effectively inhibit primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens. Medicago sativa, Aloe barbadensis Miller, and Trifolium pratense have excellent applications in treating periodontal diseases. Mangifera indica, Pongamia pinnata, the husk of Cocos nucifera, the root of G. glabra and Curcuma longa, leaves of Psidium guajava and Azadirachta indica, fruits of Citrus medica and Punica granatum, Ocimum Moringa oleifera extract, and pomegranate peel extract can serve as a promising alternative in managing chronic gingivitis. Conclusion The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and astringent action of extracts obtained from various parts of medicinal plants make them effective in reducing gingival and periodontal diseases. Herbal medicine may be a viable alternative to contemporary pharmaceuticals as an adjuvant to scaling and root planning procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti, Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram 534202, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | - Raghavendra R Nagate
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences (PCS), College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alqahtani
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences (PCS), College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautami S Penmetsa
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sruthima N V S Gottumukkala
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K S V Ramesh
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
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12
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Natto ZS. Assessing knowledge of herbal medicine course for dental students. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:319. [PMID: 36463124 PMCID: PMC9719615 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this article are to assess dental students' knowledge about herbal medicine usage and the potential benefits and side effects, and to conduct a short course about herbal medicine. METHODS All fourth-year pre-doctoral students were invited to participate in a herbal medicine course as a test while the sixth-year students were the control group. A survey was tested for validity and reliability. It comprised of 16 multiple choice questions was given before the course and one month after the course. The sum score of knowledge for each participant was calcuated based on the ability to identify the use of herbs in dentistry with high-quality evidence (correct answer) or total answer for periodontal disease and caries. RESULTS The response rate for completing the study was 112 fourth-year students (73.7%) and 64 sixth-year students (39.0%). More than half of the participants (52.5%) were unsure about the importance of herbal medicine in dentistry. However, the majority also stated that the most common herbs used in dentistry were clove (62.9%), followed by curcuma turmeric (54.7%) and meswak (43.0%). The fourth-year students displayed evidence of a higher overall knowledge score after the course in herbal medicine related to periodontal disease in total and correct answers (mean 4.48 ± 4.13, 3.73 ± 3.31, respectively) compared to before the course (mean 0.84 ± 1.23, 0.74 ± 1.16, respectively) (p-value < 0.001). The post-course periodontal disease total and correct answers were statistically significant between fourth- and sixth-year students. CONCLUSION Herbal medicine has a potential positive impact on dentistry. However, these effects are not fully investigated and received full attention in academic institute. This short educational program related to medicinal herbs can improve the knowledge of dental students. This will help increase the awareness about the use and potential side effects of herbal medicine in the dental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhair S. Natto
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ,grid.429997.80000 0004 1936 7531Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, MA Boston, USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard University School of Dental medicine, MA Boston, USA
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13
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Farnesiferol C Exerts Antiproliferative Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells by Instigating ROS-Dependent Apoptotic Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091070. [PMID: 36145291 PMCID: PMC9501262 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesiferol C (Far-C) is a coumarin commonly extracted from Ferula asafetida and is popularly used as a traditional source of natural remedy. Liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as a major cause behind cancer burden, and limited therapeutic interventions have further aggravated the clinical management of HCC. In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that Far-C-instigated oxidative stress resulted in anti-proliferation and apoptosis instigation within human liver cancer HepG2 cells. The observations reported herewith indicated that Far-C exerted considerable cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells by reducing the cell viability (p < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. Far-C exposure also resulted in enhanced ROS production (p < 0.01) which subsequently led to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Far-C-instigated oxidative stress also led to enhanced nuclear fragmentation and condensation as revealed through Hoechst-33342. These molecular changes post-Far-C exposure also incited apoptotic cell death which concomitantly led to significant activation of caspase-3 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, Far-C exhibited its competence in altering the expression of genes involved in apoptosis regulation (Bax, Bad, and Bcl2) along with genes exerting regulatory effects on cell cycle (cyclinD1) and its progression (p21Cip1 and CDK4). The evidence thus clearly shows the preclinical efficacy of Far-C against HepG2 cells. However, further mechanistic investigations deciphering the alteration of different pathways post-Far-C exposure will be highly beneficial.
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14
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Yazdanian M, Rostamzadeh P, Alam M, Abbasi K, Tahmasebi E, Tebyaniyan H, Ranjbar R, Seifalian A, Moghaddam MM, Kahnamoei MB. Evaluation of antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of Echinacea and Arctium extracts and Zataria essential oil. AMB Express 2022; 12:75. [PMID: 35705727 PMCID: PMC9200929 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries and oral infections have become a widespread issue in the modern world. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxicity characteristics of the extracts of Echinacea purpura, Arctium lappa, and the essential oil of Zataria multiflora as a potential herbal mouthwash. The essential oil of Z. multiflora leaves and the extracts of E. purpurea and A. lappa roots were prepared. The characterization was carried out by GC-MS and also, total phenol and flavonoid were assed for all three samples. The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The cytotoxic effect of the samples was evaluated on HEK 293 and HDFa cells by MTT test. Thymol and carvacrol contents in EO of Z. multiflora were measured at 31% and 42.2%, respectively. A. lappa had the lowest total phenolic and flavonoid value among the samples. On the other hand, the total phenolic content of Z. multiflora and the total flavonoid content of E. purpurea were the highest. The MIC values of Zataria, Arctium, and Echinacea against S. mutans were 0.011% v/v, 187.5 mg/ml, and 93.75 mg/ml, while MBC were 0.011% v/v, 375 mg/ml, and 187.5 mg/ml, respectively. The formulation showed bactericidal activity against S. mutans in the concentration of 5.86 mg/ml for Echinacea and Burdock extracts and 0.08 µl/ml for EO of Zataria. The formulation significantly affected microbial biofilm formation and induced biofilm degradation. The cell viability percentages were higher than 50% during 24 and 48 h. The formulation had a significant antimicrobial effect on cariogenic bacteria and C. albicans, with the lowest cytotoxic effects. Therefore, this formulation can be an appropriate candidate for mouthwash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Yazdanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Dentistry, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Rostamzadeh
- Scientific Research Center (DSSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Abbasi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Tahmasebi
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,School of Dentistry, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Dentistry, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Commercialization Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd), The London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London, UK
| | | | - Majid Balaei Kahnamoei
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cuenca-León K, Pacheco-Quito EM, Granda-Granda Y, Vélez-León E, Zarzuelo-Castañeda A. Phytotherapy: A Solution to Decrease Antifungal Resistance in the Dental Field. Biomolecules 2022; 12:789. [PMID: 35740914 PMCID: PMC9220786 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathologies produced by fungi in the oral cavity in recent decades have become a health problem, with factors such as an imbalance of the local microbiota being the cause for their propagation. Conventional antifungal treatments, instead of being beneficial, have generated alterations that have led to antifungal resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe phytotherapy resources as a possible solution to oral antifungal resistance. A bibliographic search was carried out on platforms such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google scholar. A total of 248 scientific articles were obtained, of which 108 met the inclusion criteria. Microorganisms of fungal origin currently show resistance to the different antifungals of conventional use, which is undoubtedly altering the oral health of human beings, but there are new therapeutic possibilities such as the active principles of various natural species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Cuenca-León
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
- Research Group: Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Edisson-Mauricio Pacheco-Quito
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
- Research Group: Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
| | - Yanela Granda-Granda
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
| | - Eleonor Vélez-León
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador; (E.-M.P.-Q.); (Y.G.-G.); (E.V.-L.)
- Research Group: Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
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Kunimatsu R, Kimura A, Sakata S, Tsuka Y, Yoshimi Y, Abe T, Kado I, Yashima Y, Izumino J, Nakatani A, Kitagawa M, Miyauchi M, Takata T, Tanimoto K. Effects of baicalin on the proliferation and expression of OPG and RANKL in human cementoblast-lineage cells. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:162-169. [PMID: 35028034 PMCID: PMC8739232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Baicalin, a natural bioactive flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, mediates bone metabolism, and recent studies have revealed that it has cell signaling properties. However, its biological functions in cementoblasts still remain unclear. This study therefore aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin on bone resorption markers, including osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL), in human cementoblast-lineage cells, as well as their proliferation ability. Materials and methods Human cementoblast cell line (HCEM) cells were cultured and treated with 0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1 μM of baicalin. The proliferative capacity of cultured HCEM cells was analyzed using bromodeoxyuridine immunoassay and cell counting. The baicalin effect on OPG and RANKL expression was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. Furthermore, OPG expression was measured in 1 μM baicalin-treated HCEM cells in the presence or absence of the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor, Dickkopf (Dkk)-1, using qPCR and western blotting. Results The addition of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM of baicalin did not significantly change the proliferative capacity of cultured HCEM cells. Compared with the non-supplemented group, baicalin increased and suppressed OPG and RANKL gene and protein expression, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. OPG mRNA and protein expression levels were increased by 1 μM baicalin, which was suppressed by Dkk-1 addition. Conclusion Baicalin enhanced OPG expression in HCEM cells through the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, which could contribute to periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kunimatsu
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Kimura
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shuzo Sakata
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsuka
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshimi
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takaharu Abe
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Isamu Kado
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuka Yashima
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jin Izumino
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakatani
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masae Kitagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Takata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Tokuyama University, Tokuyama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Tanimoto
- Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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17
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Bazán Aliaga RB, Reátegui Arévalo Ó, Solórzano Espinoza LV, Castro Arredondo JA, Miranda García VE, Martínez Cadillo EE, Quispe-Salcedo Á. [Inhibitory activity of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus Rotundus from the Cajamarca region (Contumazá province) in a standardize strain of S treptococcus mutans (ATCC ® 25175 TM )]. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2022; 10:e093. [PMID: 38389917 PMCID: PMC10880713 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1001-2022-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine in vitro the inhibitory activity of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus (Cajamarca - Contumazá) against a standardize strain of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC®25175™). Materials and methods This study was an experimental in vitro study, which consisted of determining the inhibitory effect of three concentrations of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus: 250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, and 1000 mg/ml against a strains of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC®25175™). Ten tests were performed for each concentration, having 0.12% chlorhexidine as a positive control for Streptococcus mutans plates and 10% DMSO as a negative control. To evaluate the inhibitory effect, the disk diffusion method or Kirby-Bauer test was used, reading the results at 48 hours after initial sowing. Results None of the three concentrations of the ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus demosntrated inhibitory effects on the Streptococcus mutans strain; however, the positive control, chlorhexidine, clearly showed inhibition halos of 14.43 mm ± 1.23 mm after 48 hours of incubation. Conclusions The ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus did not inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. It is recommended to deepen the chemical analysis of the components of this plant and explore other extraction methods to verify its bacteriostatic action versus other oral and non-oral microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Belén Bazán Aliaga
- Carrera de Estomatología, Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. , , , Universidad Científica del Sur Carrera de Estomatología Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
| | - Óscar Reátegui Arévalo
- Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (DGIDI) de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. Universidad Científica del Sur Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (DGIDI) Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
| | - Luz Verónica Solórzano Espinoza
- Sede Villa. Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. Universidad Científica del Sur Sede Villa Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
| | - Juan Antonio Castro Arredondo
- Carrera de Estomatología, Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. , , , Universidad Científica del Sur Carrera de Estomatología Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
| | - Víctor Elmo Miranda García
- Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica de Productos Naturales, Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. Universidad Científica del Sur Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica de Productos Naturales Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
| | - Elba Estefanía Martínez Cadillo
- Carrera de Estomatología, Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. , , , Universidad Científica del Sur Carrera de Estomatología Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
| | - Ángela Quispe-Salcedo
- Carrera de Estomatología, Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. , , , Universidad Científica del Sur Carrera de Estomatología Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
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Can Plant Materials Be Valuable in the Treatment of Periodontal Diseases? Practical Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122185. [PMID: 34959467 PMCID: PMC8705740 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are one of the most significant challenges in dental health. It is estimated that only a few percent of the worldwide population have entirely healthy teeth, and according to WHO, oral diseases may affect up to 3.5 billion people worldwide. One of the most serious oral diseases is periodontitis, an inflammatory disease affecting periodontal tissues, caused by pathogenic bacteria and environmental factors such as the ageing population, abuse of tobacco products, and lack of adequate oral hygiene due low public awareness. Plant materials are widely and successfully used in the management of many conditions, including periodontitis. Plant materials for periodontitis exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and affect the periodontium structure. Numerous studies demonstrate the advantages of phytotherapy for periodontitis relief and indicate the usefulness of Baikal skullcap root, Pomegranate fruit peel and root cortex, Tea leaves, Chamomile flowers, Magnolia bark, Blackberry leaves and fruits, Cranberry fruits and Lippia sidoides essential oil. This review aims to analyze the use and applicability of selected plant materials in periodontitis management since it is of paramount importance to evaluate the evidence of the traditionally used plant materials in light of continuously growing interest in phytotherapy and its adjuvant role in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Pytko-Polończyk J, Stawarz-Janeczek M, Kryczyk-Poprawa A, Muszyńska B. Antioxidant-Rich Natural Raw Materials in the Prevention and Treatment of Selected Oral Cavity and Periodontal Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111848. [PMID: 34829719 PMCID: PMC8614929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich natural raw materials have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine. In the past decade, there has been increasing interest in naturotherapy, which is a practice of using products with a natural origin. Natural products can be effective in the treatment and prevention of oral and dental diseases, among others. Such raw materials used in dentistry are characterized by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antiedematous, astringent, anticoagulant, dehydrating, vitaminizing, and-above all-regenerative properties. Reports have shown that a relationship exists between oral diseases and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota colonizing the oral cavity. This review aimed to analyze the studies focusing on the microbiome colonizing the oral cavity in the context of using natural raw materials especially herbs, plant extracts, and isolated biologically active compounds as agents in the prevention and treatment of oral and periodontal diseases such as dental caries as well as mucosal changes associated with salivary secretion disorder. The present work discusses selected plant ingredients exhibiting an antioxidant activity with potential for the treatment of selected oral cavity and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Pytko-Polończyk
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich Street 4, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Stawarz-Janeczek
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich Street 4, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.S.-J.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Agata Kryczyk-Poprawa
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Street 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.S.-J.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna Street 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
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Hu J, Cheng H, Xu J, Liu J, Xing L, Shi S, Wang R, Wu Z, Yu N, Peng D. Determination and analysis of monosaccharides in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharides from different areas by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole trap tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3506-3515. [PMID: 34268859 PMCID: PMC9292008 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We wanted to explore a new method for the determination of monosaccharides in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharide using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole trap tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, hydrochloric acid was used instead of trifluoroacetic acid to hydrolyze polysaccharides, and hydrolysis time was greatly reduced from 5-9 h to 1 h. The 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone was used for pre-column derivatization of monosaccharides. The parameters of linearity (R2 > 0.999), stability (1.63-2.52%), intra-day and inter-day precision (0.69-0.95%, 1.81-2.77%), repeatability (1.89-2.65%), and recovery (97.63-102.24%) of the method were verified. Satisfactory validation results showed this method could be used to determine the target components. The results indicated the polysaccharide contained glucose, mannose, rhamnose, galactose, ribose, and arabinose. Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution and principal component analysis were used to build an evaluation model based on the monosaccharide composition. The evaluation results showed that the samples from the Qingyang County of Anhui Province were the best when the monosaccharides were used as the evaluation index. Therefore, a new method was established to detect the monosaccharide content of polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and comprehensively evaluate the quality of Chinese medicines with polysaccharides as the main active ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - He Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Suying Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zhendong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Qingyang Jiuhua traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd, Qingyang, P. R. China
| | - Nianjun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
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21
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Beneficial Role of Antioxidant Secondary Metabolites from Medicinal Plants in Maintaining Oral Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071061. [PMID: 34209152 PMCID: PMC8300643 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived phytochemicals have been touted as viable substitutes in a variety of diseases. All over the world, dentists have turned to natural remedies for dental cure due to the negative possessions of certain antibacterial mediators used in dentistry. Antimicrobial and other drugs are currently in use, but they show some side effects. Since ancient times, antioxidant EOs have been used for different ailments and have grown in popularity over time. Several in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials have shown the safety and effectiveness of antioxidant essential oils (EOs) in oral health obtained from medicinal plants. The current review of literature provides a summary of secondary metabolites, more specifically EOs from 20 most commonly used medicinal plants and their applications in maintaining oral health. Dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most common and preventable global infectious diseases, with diseases of the oral cavity being considered major diseases affecting a person's health. Several clinical studies have shown a connection between oral diseases and oral microbiota. This review discusses the role of antioxidant secondary metabolites in inhibiting the growth of oral pathogens and reducing the formation of dental plaque, and as well as reducing the symptoms of oral diseases. This review article contributes a basic outline of essential oils and their healing actions.
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22
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Yu J, Yang M, Han J, Pang X. Fungal and mycotoxin occurrence, affecting factors, and prevention in herbal medicines: a review. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1925696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Yu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Pang
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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23
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Nwafor EO, Lu P, Liu Y, Peng H, Qin H, Zhang K, Ma Z, Xing B, Zhang Y, Li J, Liu Z. Active Components from Traditional Herbal Medicine for the Potential Therapeutics of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Systemic Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1093-1114. [PMID: 34107859 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2150052x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a tumor-like disease, is a serious and fatal pulmonary inflammatory condition usually characterized by irreversible destruction of the lung parenchyma, excessive matrix accumulation, and decline in lung function. IPF still remains a great burden to the universe. At the moment, the available therapeutic regimens utilized for IPF such as non-pharmacological therapies (lung transplantation) and pharmacological therapies (drugs, nintedanib, pirfenidone, etc.) are normally accompanied by significant limitations, such as adverse reactions, low bioavailability, poor selectivity, low-tissue distribution, in vivo instability, systemic toxicity, inconveniency and unsafe usage. There is a need for the exploration and discovery of new novel remedies by researchers and scientists globally. Recent numerous preliminary studies have laid significant emphasis and demonstrated the antifibrotic importance, good curative actions (little or no adverse reactions), and multiple target sites of the active components from traditional herbal medicine (THM) against IPF, which could serve as a modern, alternative and potential therapeutics or drug candidates in treating IPF. This paper extensively summarizes the pharmacological actions and signaling pathways or mechanisms of active components obtained from THM for treating IPF. Moreover, the sources and modernization, markets, relevant FDA and CFDA studies (the USA and China), preclinical analysis, and various compositions of THM currently under clinical trials are also highlighted. Additionally, this present analytical data would be instrumental towards further drug progression or advancement of active components from THM for the potential therapeutics of IPF in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebuka-Olisaemeka Nwafor
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Peng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Hui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Huan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Kuibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine, Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, P. R. China
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24
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Melo JGA, Sousa JP, Firmino RT, Matins CC, Granville-Garcia AF, Nonaka CFW, Costa EMMB. Different applications forms of green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) for the treatment of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:443-453. [PMID: 33729563 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scaling and root planning (SRP) is the gold standard for non-surgical periodontal treatment. Green tea as a supporting alternative in non-surgical periodontal treatment has been suggested as a therapeutic option in the treatment of periodontitis. OBJECTIVE To analyse the comparative effectiveness of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in its different forms and applications for the treatment of periodontitis. METHODS We included randomized clinical trials evaluating green tea as an adjuvant therapeutic agent to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of periodontitis. For the meta-analysis, we calculated standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95%CI comparing green tea and control (only SRP). We subgrouped by types of application forms of green tea. The certainty of the evidence was assessed through GRADE. RESULTS Nine studies were included. The follow-up time of treatments varied from 21 days to 6 months. The subgroup meta-analysis showed that the green tea as sachet reduced probing bleeding (SMD = -0.71; 95%CI) and the gingival index (SMD = -0.78; 95%CI) compared to SRP with very low certainty of evidence. The sachet (SMD = -0.29; 95%CI) and dentifrice (SMD = -1.31; 95%CI) reduced plaque index with very low certainty compared to the control. All forms of application of green tea showed very low certainty of evidence (SMD = -0.27; 95% CI) in reducing the probing depth, as well as for the loss of clinical insertion (SMD = -0.42; 95% CI) with low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSION There was not a difference in the effectiveness of green tea isolated or in combination with SRP to reduce probing depth. Green tea adjunct to periodontal therapy showed very low certainty of effectiveness for the treatment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica G A Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Jossaria P Sousa
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Ramon T Firmino
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil.,Faculty of Medical Sciences of Campina Grande, UNIFACISA University Centre, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Carolina C Matins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Cassiano F W Nonaka
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Edja M M B Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
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25
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Singer L, Bourauel CP. Shear Bond Strength and Film Thickness of a Naturally Antimicrobial Modified Dental Luting Cement. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051276. [PMID: 33652887 PMCID: PMC7956618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several natural plants and mixtures have been known and used over the centuries for their antibacterial activity, few have been thoroughly explored in the field of dentistry. Thus, the aim of this study was to enhance the antimicrobial activity of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) with natural plant extracts. The effect of this alteration on the bond strength and film thickness of glass ionomer cement was evaluated and related to an 0.5% chlorohexidine modified GIC. Olive leaves (Olea europaea), Fig tree (Ficus carica), and the leaves and roots of Miswak (Salvadora persica) were used to prepare an alcoholic extract mixture. The prepared extract mixture after the evaporation of the solvent was used to modify a freeze-dried glass ionomer cement at three different extracts: water mass ratios 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1. An 0.5% chlorhexidine diacetate powder was added to a conventional GIC for the preparation of a positive control group (CHX-GIC) for comparison. The bond strength to dentine was assessed using a material-testing machine at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure mode was analyzed using a stereomicroscope at 12× magnification. The cement film thickness was evaluated in accordance with ISO standard 9917-1. The minimum number of samples in each group was n = 10. Statistical analysis was performed using a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post hoc test for pairwise comparison. There was a statistically insignificant difference between the median shear bond strength (p = 0.046) of the control group (M = 3.4 MPa), and each of the CHX-GIC (M = 1.7 MPa), and the three plant modified groups of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1 (M = 5.1, 3.2, and 4.3 MPa, respectively). The CHX-GIC group showed statistically significant lower median values compared to the three plant-modified groups. Mixed and cohesive failure modes were predominant among all the tested groups. All the tested groups (p < 0.001) met the ISO standard of having less than 25 µm film thickness, with the 2:1 group (M = 24 µm) being statistically the highest among all the other groups. The plant extracts did not alter either the shear bond strength or the film thickness of the GIC and thus might represent a promising additive to GICs.
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26
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Inagaki Y, Kido JI, Nishikawa Y, Kido R, Sakamoto E, Bando M, Naruishi K, Nagata T, Yumoto H. Gan-Lu-Yin (Kanroin), Traditional Chinese Herbal Extracts, Reduces Osteoclast Differentiation In Vitro and Prevents Alveolar Bone Resorption in Rat Experimental Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030386. [PMID: 33498415 PMCID: PMC7926381 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gan-Lu-Yin (GLY), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, shows therapeutic effects on periodontitis, but that mechanism is not well known. This study aims to clarify the precise mechanism by investigating the inhibitory effects of GLY extracts on osteoclastogenesis in vitro and on bone resorption in periodontitis in vivo. RAW264.7 cells are cultured with soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (sRANKL) and GLY extracts (0.01–1.0 mg/mL), and stained for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) to evaluate osteoclast differentiation. Experimental periodontitis is induced by placing a nylon ligature around the second maxillary molar in rats, and rats are administered GLY extracts (60 mg/kg) daily for 20 days. Their maxillae are collected on day 4 and 20, and the levels of alveolar bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation are estimated using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis, respectively. In RAW264.7 cells, GLY extracts significantly inhibit sRANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation at a concentration of more than 0.05 mg/mL. In experimental periodontitis, administering GLY extracts significantly decreases the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in the alveolar bone on day 4, and significantly inhibits the ligature-induced bone resorption on day 20. These results show that GLY extracts suppress bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation in experimental periodontitis, suggesting that GLY extracts are potentially useful for oral care in periodontitis.
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27
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Guo J, Low KS, Mei L, Li JH, Qu W, Guan G. Use of traditional medicine for dental care by different ethnic groups in New Zealand. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:280. [PMID: 33046025 PMCID: PMC7552356 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing public interest in the use of TM internationally, yet there is a paucity of research on the use of TM by the public in the dental setting. This study aimed to explore the views, use of and access to TM in dentistry among different ethnic groups residing in New Zealand. METHODS Qualitative study and in-depth interviews were used. An individual semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using an inductive approach to identify the main themes. RESULTS Three main themes were extracted from interviews with 14 participants from diverse cultural backgrounds: [1] the perspectives of TM varied among different ethnic groups and included the involvement of spirituality, the environment, knowledge and usage of TM. [2] The TM that was used by different ethnic groups included plants, herbs, massage, and other forms of healing. Reasons for choosing traditional or western medicines generally included family tradition, access to TM, and finding a competent traditional healer. [3] The barriers in accessing TM included the paucity of traditional healers, difficulty accessing plants and cost, therefore most would look for a substitution or alternative treatment. CONCLUSION Even though the access to these TM in New Zealand was a challenge for the majority of the participants, they are still considered the first-line treatment for the majority. This study provided dental practitioners an insight into the different sort of TM used by the population. By understanding and acknowledging the use of TM, dental practitioners could create a supportive environment for patients to disclose their use of TM and allow them to educate patients on the use of TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 32# West Section 2, 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Kah Seng Low
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Jia Hui Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Wenwen Qu
- Department of Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guangzhao Guan
- Department of Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
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28
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Laleman I, Teughels W. Novel natural product‐based oral topical rinses and toothpastes to prevent periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:102-123. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Laleman
- Department of Oral Health Sciences KU Leuven& Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences KU Leuven& Dentistry University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium
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29
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Sateriale D, Facchiano S, Colicchio R, Pagliuca C, Varricchio E, Paolucci M, Volpe MG, Salvatore P, Pagliarulo C. In vitro Synergy of Polyphenolic Extracts From Honey, Myrtle and Pomegranate Against Oral Pathogens, S. mutans and R. dentocariosa. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1465. [PMID: 32849317 PMCID: PMC7396681 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence rate of oral diseases, the wide spread of antimicrobial resistance, and the adverse effects of conventional antibiotics mean alternative prevention and treatment options are needed to counteract oral pathogens. In this regard, our study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of polyphenolic extracts prepared from acacia honey, myrtle leaves, and pomegranate peel against cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Rothia dentocariosa. The chemical-physical parameters of acacia honey and the RP-HPLC polyphenolic profile of pomegranate peel extract have been previously described in our studies, while the characterization of myrtle extract, performed by HPLC analysis, is reported here. All the extracts were used singly and in binary combinations to highlight any synergistic effects. Moreover, the extracts were tested in association with amoxicillin to evaluate their ability to reduce the effective dose of this drug in vitro. The values of minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations have been used to quantitatively measure the antibacterial activity of the single extracts, while the fractional inhibitory concentration index has been considered as predictor of in vitro anticariogenic synergistic effects. Finally, a time-kill curve method allowed for the evaluation of the bactericidal efficacy of the combined extracts. The microbiological tests suggest that acacia honey, myrtle, and pomegranate extracts are able to inhibit the cariogenic bacteria, also with synergistic effects. This study provides useful and encouraging results for the use of natural extract combinations alone or in association with antibiotics (adjuvant therapy) as a valid alternative for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sateriale
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Serena Facchiano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Pagliarulo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
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30
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Abd-El-Aziz ABED, A Sallam R. Antibacterial effect of green tea and pomegranate peel extracts on Streptococcus mutans of orthodontic treated patients. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2019.1693733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amany Badr El-Deen Abd-El-Aziz
- Department of Radiation Microbiology, National Center of Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Sallam
- Department of health Radiation, National Center of Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Komplementärmedizinische Behandlungsansätze bei Verlust des Riechens und Schmeckens. DER ONKOLOGE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00761-019-0590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Bagheri S, Sarabi MM, Khosravi P, Khorramabadi RM, Veiskarami S, Ahmadvand H, Keshvari M. Effects of Pistacia atlantica on Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes Expression in Diabetic Rats. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 38:267-274. [PMID: 30716018 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1482577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects many patients all over the world. It involves different parts of the body, such as brain, eyes, kidneys, vessels, and so on. The lack of balance between free radicals and antioxidants is a possible mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Antioxidant treatment, especially natural forms, can be a beneficial solution. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of Pistacia atlantica oleoresin (PAO) on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes expression in diabetic rats. METHOD Fifty adult male Wistar rats were allotted randomly into five groups as follow: control group, diabetic control group, glibenclamide control group, diabetic glibenclamide group, diabetic treated group with 200 mg/kg PAO. Then PAO was prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). LD50 was also estimated for essential oil. Oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also measured. The expression of GPx, CAT, and SOD genes was investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The main constituents of essential oil gum were beta-pinene (29.38%), followed by alpha-pinene (18.15%), myrcene (7.36%), trans-pinocarveol (7.15%), and camphene (4.12%). Diabetes induced an increased level of MDA (69.92 ± 3.92 vs. 43.76 ± 3.73) and decreased levels of GSH (2.57 ± 0.40 vs. 7.05 ± 1.59), GPx (11.66 ± 2.2 vs. 16.38 ± 2.1), CAT (12.17 ± 3.38 vs. 18.7 ± 2.66), and SOD (0.78 ± 0.67 vs. 2.41 ± 0.46). In contrast, PAO treatment significantly decreased MDA (54.59 ± 12.54 vs. 69.92 ± 3.92) and increased GSH (4.5 ± 0.89 vs. 2.57 ± 0.40), GPx (25.86 ± 5.37 vs. 11.66 ± 2.2), CAT (22.69 ± 0.36 vs. 12.17 ± 3.38), and SOD (3.65 ± 1.08 vs. 0.78 ± 0.67) (p < 0.05). Moreover, our results indicated that both GPx and CAT mRNA levels significantly increased approximately 4.46 and 6.23 times in rats fed with 200 mg/kg of PAO, more than that of the healthy control group, respectively (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Also, the average expression level of SOD was also significantly 1.57 higher in rats fed with 200 mg/kg of PAO in comparison to the diabetic control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicated that PAO could be propose as an agent that protects the body against diseases that are associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrokh Bagheri
- a Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran.,b Student Research Committee , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran
| | - Mostafa Moradi Sarabi
- c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran
| | - Peyman Khosravi
- b Student Research Committee , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran
| | | | - Saeid Veiskarami
- d Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Department of animal science, Iran
| | - Hassan Ahmadvand
- c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran
| | - Mahtab Keshvari
- e Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Protective role of flavonoid baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis in periodontal disease pathogenesis: A literature review. Complement Ther Med 2018; 38:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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