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Comella CL, Jankovic J, Hauser RA, Patel AT, Banach MD, Ehler E, Vitarella D, Rubio RG, Gross TM. Efficacy and Safety of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection in Cervical Dystonia: ASPEN-1 Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurology 2024; 102:e208091. [PMID: 38295339 PMCID: PMC10962918 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES ASPEN-1 was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy, duration of response, and safety of 2 doses of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection (DAXI), a novel botulinum toxin type A formulation in participants with cervical dystonia (CD). METHODS Adults (aged 18-80 years) with moderate-to-severe CD (Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale [TWSTRS] total score ≥20) were enrolled at 60 sites across 9 countries in Europe and North America. Participants were randomized (3:3:1) to single-dose intramuscular DAXI 125U, 250U, or placebo and followed for up to 36 weeks after injection. The primary end point was change from baseline in TWSTRS total score averaged across weeks 4 and 6. Key secondary end points included duration of effect, Clinical and Patient Global Impression of Change (CGIC, PGIC), TWSTRS subscale scores, and safety. Multiplicity-adjusted intent-to-treat hypothesis tests with multiple imputation were performed using ANCOVA and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel analyses. RESULTS Of 444 individuals screened, 301 were randomized to DAXI 125U (n = 125) or 250U (n = 130) or placebo (n = 46). DAXI 125U and 250U significantly improved the mean TWSTRS total score vs placebo (least squares mean [standard error] difference vs placebo: DAXI 125U, -8.5 [1.93], p < 0.0001; DAXI 250U, -6.6 [1.92], p = 0.0006). The median duration of effect (time from treatment until loss of ≥80% of the peak improvement in average TWSTRS total score achieved at weeks 4 and 6) was 24.0 (95% confidence interval 20.3-29.1) weeks with DAXI 125U and 20.3 (16.7-24.0) weeks with DAXI 250U. Significant improvements were also observed with DAXI in CGIC and PGIC responder rates and TWSTRS subscales. Treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported by 29.6% of participants with DAXI 125U, 23.8% with DAXI 250U, and 17.4% with placebo, with injection site pain being the most common overall. The most frequently reported treatment-related TEAEs of interest in DAXI 125U, DAXI 250U, and placebo, respectively, were muscular weakness (4.8%, 2.3%, 0%), musculoskeletal pain (2.4%, 3.1%, 0%), and dysphagia (1.6%, 3.8%, 0%). DISCUSSION This study demonstrated that DAXI, at doses of 125U and 250U, is an effective, safe, long-acting, and well-tolerated treatment for CD. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT03608397, submitted July 11, 2018) and EU Clinical Trials Register (ClinicalTrialsRegister.eu EudraCT identifier 2018-000446-19, submitted September 13, 2018). First participant enrolled on June 11, 2018. Trial registration was performed in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act (FDAAA 801), which stipulates that the responsible party register an applicable clinical trial not later than 21 calendar days after enrolling the first human participant (42 CFR 11.24). CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class I evidence that in adults with moderate-to-severe idiopathic cervical dystonia, DAXI reduces dystonia more effectively than placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Comella
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Robert A Hauser
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Atul T Patel
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Marta D Banach
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Edvard Ehler
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Domenico Vitarella
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Roman G Rubio
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
| | - Todd M Gross
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurological Sciences (C.L.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.A.H.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Kansas City Bone & Joint Clinic (A.T.P.), Overland Park, KS; Department of Neurology (M.D.B.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurology (E.E.), Regional Hospital Pardubice, Czech Republic; Revance Therapeutics, Inc (D.V., R.G.R., T.M.G.), Nashville, TN; and Blue Obsidian Consulting, LLC (R.G.R.), Redwood, CA
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Jost WH, Kaňovský P, Hast MA, Hanschmann A, Althaus M, Patel AT. Pooled Safety Analysis of IncobotulinumtoxinA in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders in Adults. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:353. [PMID: 37368654 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pooled incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were examined by indication using the integrated clinical database of Merz-sponsored, placebo-controlled, or repeat-dose studies of incobotulinumtoxinA in adults with cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, limb spasticity, sialorrhea, or essential tremor of the upper limb. Overall incidences of TEAEs, serious TEAEs, TEAEs leading to discontinuation, fatal TEAEs, TEAEs of special interest (TEAESIs; indicating possible toxin spread), and treatment-related (TR) events were determined for incobotulinumtoxinA and placebo after a single injection and for repeated dose cycles of incobotulinumtoxinA. The most frequent events after a single dose of incobotulinumtoxinA are summarized. After a single cycle, incidences of overall TEAEs were similar between incobotulinumtoxinA and the placebo in most indications, although between-indication differences were observed. Few TEAEs led to incobotulinumtoxinA discontinuation; there were no fatal TEAEs with incobotulinumtoxinA. In general, repeated cycles did not increase the incidence of any event. The most frequent TR-TEAEs were indication-dependent, including dysphagia for indications affecting the head or neck. The TR-TEAESIs across all indications were most commonly muscular weakness, dysphagia and dry mouth. Overall, the results of this pooled analysis support and extend the favorable safety and tolerability profile of incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of adult neurological disorders established by individual clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petr Kaňovský
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Palacký University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Atul T Patel
- Kansas City Bone and Joint Clinic, Overland Park, KS 66211, USA
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Harden RN, McCabe CS, Goebel A, Massey M, Suvar T, Grieve S, Bruehl S. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Practical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines, 5th Edition. PAIN MEDICINE (MALDEN, MASS.) 2022; 23:S1-S53. [PMID: 35687369 PMCID: PMC9186375 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There have been some modest recent advancements in the research of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, yet the amount and quality of the work in this complicated multifactorial disease remains low (with some notable exceptions; e.g., the recent work on the dorsal root ganglion stimulation). The semi-systematic (though in some cases narrative) approach to review is necessary so that we might treat our patients while waiting for "better research." This semi-systematic review was conducted by experts in the field, (deliberately) some of whom are promising young researchers supplemented by the experience of "elder statesman" researchers, who all mention the system they have used to examine the literature. What we found is generally low- to medium-quality research with small numbers of subjects; however, there are some recent exceptions to this. The primary reason for this paucity of research is the fact that this is a rare disease, and it is very difficult to acquire a sufficient sample size for statistical significance using traditional statistical approaches. Several larger trials have failed, probably due to using the broad general diagnostic criteria (the "Budapest" criteria) in a multifactorial/multi-mechanism disease. Responsive subsets can often be identified in these larger trials, but not sufficient to achieve statistically significant results in the general diagnostic grouping. This being the case the authors have necessarily included data from less compelling protocols, including trials such as case series and even in some instances case reports/empirical information. In the humanitarian spirit of treating our often desperate patients with this rare syndrome, without great evidence, we must take what data we can find (as in this work) and tailor a treatment regime for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Norman Harden
- Departments of PM&R and Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University
| | - Candida S McCabe
- University of the West of England, Stapleton, Bristol, UK
- Dorothy House Hospice, Bradford-on-Avon, Wilts, UK
| | - Andreas Goebel
- Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Life Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael Massey
- CentraCare Neurosciences Pain Center, CentraCare, St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tolga Suvar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sharon Grieve
- Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - Stephen Bruehl
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Centers, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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