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Haque MF, El-Nashar HAS, Akbor MS, Alfaifi M, Bappi MH, Chowdhury AK, Hossain MK, El-Shazly M, Albayouk T, Saleh N, Islam MT. Anti-inflammatory activity of d-pinitol possibly through inhibiting COX-2 enzyme: in vivo and in silico studies. Front Chem 2024; 12:1366844. [PMID: 38690012 PMCID: PMC11058972 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1366844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: D-pinitol, a naturally occurring inositol, has diverse biological activities like antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. This study aimed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of d-pinitol in a chick model. Additionally, in silico studies were performed to evaluate the molecular interactions with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Methods: The tested groups received d-pinitol (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) and the standard drugs celecoxib and ketoprofen (42 mg/kg) via oral gavage prior to formalin injection. Then, the number of licks was counted for the first 10 min, and the paw edema diameter was measured at 60, 90, and 120 min. Results and Discussion: The d-pinitol groups significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the number of paw licks and paw edema diameters, compared to negative control. When d-pinitol was combined with celecoxib, it reduced inflammatory parameters more effectively than the individual groups. The in silico study showed a promising binding capacity of d-pinitol with COX-2. Taken together, d-pinitol exerted anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent manner, possibly through COX-2 interaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst. Farjanamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A. S. El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Md. Showkoth Akbor
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Alfaifi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehedi Hasan Bappi
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Kamal Hossain
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagiong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tala Albayouk
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Na’il Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
- BioLuster Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Elhawary EA, Nilofar N, Zengin G, Eldahshan OA. Variation of the essential oil components of Citrus aurantium leaves upon using different distillation techniques and evaluation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer's disease. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:73. [PMID: 38308284 PMCID: PMC10835836 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruit essential oil is considered one of the widely studied essential oils while its leaves attract less attention although being rich in nearly the same composition as the peel and flowers. The leaves of bitter orange or sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) were extracted using three different techniques namely; hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD), and microwave-assisted distillation (MV) to compare their chemical composition. The three essential oil samples were analyzed through GC/FID and GC/MS analyses. The samples were tested in vitro using different antioxidant techniques (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, PBD, and MCA), neuroprotective enzyme inhibitory activities (acetylcholine and butyl choline enzymes), and antidiabetic activities (α-amylase and α-glucosidase). The results showed that thirty-five volatile ingredients were detected and quantified. Monoterpenes represented the most abundant class in the three essential oils followed by sesquiterpenes. C. aurantium essential oil carried potential antioxidant activity where SD exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, with values arranged in the following order: FRAP (200.43 mg TE/g), CUPRAC (138.69 mg TE/g), ABTS (129.49 mg TE/g), and DPPH (51.67 mg TE/g). SD essential oil also presented the most potent α-amylase (0.32) inhibition while the MV essential oil showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibition (2.73 mmol ACAE/g), followed by HD (2.53 mmol ACAE/g), and SD (2.46 mmol ACAE/g). The SD essential oil exhibited the highest BChE and AChE inhibitory activities (3.73 and 2.06 mg GALAE/g), respectively). Thus, bitter orange essential oil can act as a potential source of potent antioxidant, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective activities for future drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa A Elhawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nilofar Nilofar
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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El-Nashar HAS, Taleb M, El-Shazly M, Zhao C, Farag MA. Polysaccharides (pectin, mucilage, and fructan inulin) and their fermented products: A critical analysis of their biochemical, gut interactions, and biological functions as antidiabetic agents. Phytother Res 2024; 38:662-693. [PMID: 37966040 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a globally metabolic endocrine syndrome marked by a deficiency of insulin secretion (type-1 DM) or glucose intolerance arising from insulin response impairment (type-2 DM) leading to abnormal glucose metabolism. With an increasing interest in natural dietary components for diabetes management, the identification of novel agents witnessed major discoveries. Plant-derived mucilage, pectin, and inulin are important non-starch polysaccharides that exhibit effective antidiabetic properties often termed soluble dietary fiber (SDF). SDF affects sugar metabolism through multiple mechanisms affecting glucose absorption and diffusion, modulation of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), ameliorating β-pancreatic cell dysfunction, and improving insulin release or sensitivity. Certain SDFs inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and influence the expression levels of genes related to glucose metabolism. This review is designed to discuss holistically and critically the antidiabetic effects of major SDF and their underlying mechanisms of action. This review should aid drug discovery approaches in developing novel natural antidiabetic drugs from SDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Taleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Singab ANB, Elhawary EA, Elkhawas YA, Fawzy IM, Moussa AY, Mostafa NM. Role of Nutraceuticals in Obesity Management: A Mechanism and Prospective Supported by Molecular Docking Studies. J Med Food 2024; 27:176-197. [PMID: 38324003 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its comorbidities represent a major health problem worldwide. Treatment by reducing food intake and physical activity interventions has limited success especially with elderly people with chronic diseases. Nutraceuticals are naturally originated and successfully used for their physiological and nutritional benefit in health care. They might be alternative means to help lose weight and reduce obesity-associated metabolic disorders with the improvement of health, delay the aging process, prevention of chronic diseases, increase of life expectancy, or support to the structure or function of the body. The current study enumerates the inherent role of nutraceuticals in the management of obesity and its related comorbidities. The study is supported with the molecular docking studies discussing the mechanism of action. An attempt to optimize the role of nutraceuticals is made in this article in addition to widen the scope of its use in this chronic worldwide disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Elhawary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin A Elkhawas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashaimaa Y Moussa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hossain KN, Islam MS, Rahman SH, Sarker S, Mondal M, Rahman MA, Alhag SK, Al-Shuraym LA, Alghamdi OA, Islam MT, AL-Farga A, El-Shazly M, Alam MJ, El-Nashar HAS. In Vitro Antioxidant and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Properties of Wissadula periplocifolia Extract. ACS Omega 2023; 8:47001-47011. [PMID: 38107893 PMCID: PMC10720299 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) Thwaites is a traditional medicinal plant belonging to the family Malvaceae, used in folk medicine for inflamed snake bites and bee stings. The current study was designed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of 80% ethanol extract of W. periplocifolia and its different fractions. The crude ethanolic extract (CEE) was then serially fractionated with petroleum ether fraction (PEF), chloroform fraction (CHF), and aqueous fraction (AQF). The antioxidant activity was assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay, anti-inflammatory activity was determined in the xylene-induced ear edema model, and hepatoprotective activity was measured in the paracetamol-induced hepatic injury model. PEF showed a significant scavenging effect with an IC50 value of 33.5 μg/mL, followed by CEE (IC50 = 42.2 μg/mL), CHF (IC50 = 77 μg/mL), and AQF (IC50 = 80 μg/mL), compared to standard butylated hydroxytoluene (IC50 = 14.8 μg/mL). Both doses of CEE (250 and 500 mg/kg) could reduce ear edema by 41.3 and 50%, respectively, compared to standard diclofenac sodium (76.09%). Moreover, CEE significantly reduces the elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), compared to control. Nevertheless, it elevated blood protein and reduced the blood bilirubin level (p < 0.01), compared to control. Histopathological studies also indicated significant protection of the liver from paracetamol-induced liver damage. In conclusion, W. periplocifolia could be a good source of antioxidant and hepatoprotective phytochemicals; meanwhile, toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Nadim Hossain
- Department
of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shafiqul Islam
- Department
of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Hasibur Rahman
- Department
of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Subroto Sarker
- Department
of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Milon Mondal
- Department
of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Sadeq K. Alhag
- Biology
Department, College of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Muhayl
Asser 61913, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila A. Al-Shuraym
- Biology
Department, Faculty of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A. Alghamdi
- Department
of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 22233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department
of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Department
of Biochemistry, College of Science, University
of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain
Shams University, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Md. Jahir Alam
- Department
of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A. S. El-Nashar
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain
Shams University, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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El-Nashar HAS, Ali AAM, Salem YH. Genus Pimenta: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Botany, Distribution, Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Approaches. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300855. [PMID: 37875463 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Pimenta is a genus of flowering plants belonging to family Myrtaceae, native to the West Indies, Mexico, and South America. Numerous traditional uses were reported as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, sedative, diuretic, and sexual stimulant. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemical profile, and biological activities of genus Pimenta for future exploration of plant-based drugs and therapeutic approaches. The data were collected (up to date as of October 1, 2023) from several databases such as Web of Science, google scholar, science direct, Pubmed and Proquest. Pimenta species were reported to include various classes of phytochemicals like tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and essential oils. Quercetin glycosides and eugenol derivatives were the predominant compounds of this genus. Several biological activities have been reported such as antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, histidine decarboxylase inhibition, hypoglycemic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, acaricidal, anxiolytic, anti-depressant and anti-estrogenic. Several scientific reports have been published on various isolated phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of Pimenta species that confirm its ethnobotanical and traditional history. However, in vivo studies on different extracts and their phytoconstituents, alongside mechanistic analysis deserve more attention for drug researchers to provide better guidance to utilize Pimenta plants as medicinal resources for herbal formulations in different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abd-Allah M Ali
- Department of pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen H Salem
- Department of pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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Mia MAR, Dey D, Sakib MR, Biswas MY, Prottay AAS, Paul N, Rimti FH, Abdullah Y, Biswas P, Iftehimul M, Paul P, Sarkar C, El-Nashar HAS, El-Shazly M, Islam MT. The efficacy of natural bioactive compounds against prostate cancer: Molecular targets and synergistic activities. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5724-5754. [PMID: 37786304 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Globally, prostate cancer (PCa) is regarded as a challenging health issue, and the number of PCa patients continues to rise despite the availability of effective treatments in recent decades. The current therapy with chemotherapeutic drugs has been largely ineffective due to multidrug resistance and the conventional treatment has restricted drug accessibility to malignant tissues, necessitating a higher dosage resulting in increased cytotoxicity. Plant-derived bioactive compounds have recently attracted a great deal of attention in the field of PCa treatment due to their potent effects on several molecular targets and synergistic effects with anti-PCa drugs. This review emphasizes the molecular mechanism of phytochemicals on PCa cells, the synergistic effects of compound-drug interactions, and stem cell targeting for PCa treatment. Some potential compounds, such as curcumin, phenethyl-isothiocyanate, fisetin, baicalein, berberine, lutein, and many others, exert an anti-PCa effect via inhibiting proliferation, metastasis, cell cycle progression, and normal apoptosis pathways. In addition, multiple studies have demonstrated that the isolated natural compounds: d-limonene, paeonol, lanreotide, artesunate, and bicalutamide have potential synergistic effects. Further, a significant number of natural compounds effectively target PCa stem cells. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of these phytochemicals against PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdur Rashid Mia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Dipta Dey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Musfiqur Rahman Sakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Yeaman Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Shamsh Prottay
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Niloy Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Hoque Rimti
- Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery, Chittagong Medical College, Chawkbazar, Bangladesh
| | - Yusuf Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Iftehimul
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Priyanka Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
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Rabie O, El-Nashar HAS, George MY, Majrashi TA, Al-Warhi T, Hassan FE, Eldehna WM, Mostafa NM. Phytochemical profiling and neuroprotective activity of Callistemon subulatus leaves against cyclophosphamide-induced chemobrain. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115596. [PMID: 37797461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a chemotherapeutic drug used for various types of cancers. However, patients receiving CPA for long periods suffer cognitive impairment associated with difficulties in learning, decreased concentration, and impaired memory. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, known as chemobrain, has been attributed to enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The current study aimed to identify the phytoconstituents of Callistemon subulatus extract (CSE) using HPLC-ESI/MS-MS analysis and evaluate its neuroprotective activity against CPA-induced chemobrain in rats. Fourteen compounds were identified following HPLC analysis including, five phlorglucinols, four flavonol glycosides, a triterpene, and a phenolic acid. Forty rats were divided into five groups treated for ten days as follows; group I (control group), group II received CPA (200 mg/kg, i.p.) on the 7th day, groups III and IV received CSE (200 and 400 mg/kg respectively, orally) for ten days and CPA (200 mg/kg, i.p.) on the 7th day, and group V received only CSE (400 mg/kg, orally) for ten days. The administration of CSE effectively ameliorated the deleterious effects of CPA on spatial and short-term memories, as evidenced by behavioral tests, Y-maze and passive avoidance. Such findings were further confirmed by histological examination. In addition, CSE counteracted the effect of CPA on hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity enhancing the level of acetylcholine. Owing to the CSE antioxidant properties, it hindered the CPA-induced redox imbalance, which is represented by decreased catalase and reduced glutathione levels, as well as enhanced lipid peroxidation. Therefore, CSE may be a promising natural candidate for protection against CPA-induced chemobrain in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omyma Rabie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mina Y George
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taghreed A Majrashi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma E Hassan
- Department of Physiology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Medical Physiology Department, Kasr Alainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11562, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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Bhuia MS, Chowdhury R, Sonia FA, Kamli H, Shaikh A, El-Nashar HAS, El-Shazly M, Islam MT. Anticancer Potential of the Plant-Derived Saponin Gracillin: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanistic Approaches. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300847. [PMID: 37547969 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of cancer and the toxic side effects of synthetic drugs, natural products are being developed as promising therapeutic approaches. Gracillin is a naturally occurring triterpenoid steroidal saponin with several therapeutic activities. It is obtained as a major compound from different Dioscorea species. This review was designated to summarize the research progress on the anti-cancer activities of gracillin focusing on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, as well as its pharmacokinetic features. The data were collected (up to date as of May 1, 2023) from various reliable and authentic literatures comprising PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Wiley Online, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The findings demonstrated that gracillin displays promising anticancer effects through various molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory effects, apoptotic cell death, induction of oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, induction of genotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferative effect, autophagy, inhibition of glycolysis, and blocking of cancer cell migration. Additionally, this review highlighted the pharmacokinetic features of gracillin, indicating its lower oral bioavailability. As a conclusion, it can be proposed that gracillin could serve as a hopeful chemotherapeutic agent. However, further extensive clinical research is recommended to establish its safety, efficacy, and therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Akter Sonia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
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