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Fukada R, Yamagishi Y, Nagasaka M, Osada D, Nimura K, Oshima I, Tsujimoto K, Kirihara M, Takizawa S, Kikuchi N, Ishii T, Kamada T. Antifouling Brominated Diterpenoids from Japanese Marine Red Alga Laurencia venusta Yamada. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300888. [PMID: 37468446 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The marine red algal genus Laurencia has abundant halogenated secondary metabolites, which exhibit novel structural types and possess various unique biological potentials, including antifouling activity. In this study, we report the isolation, structure elucidation, and antifouling activities of two novel brominated diterpenoids, aplysin-20 aldehyde (1), 13-dehydroxyisoaplysin-20 (2), and its congeners. We screened marine red alga Laurencia venusta Yamada for their antifouling activity against the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Ethyl acetate extracts of L. venusta from Hiroshima and Chiba, Japan, were isolated and purified, and the compound structures were identified using 1D and 2D NMR, HR-APCI-MS, IR, and chemical synthesis. Seven secondary metabolites were identified, and their antifouling activities were evaluated. Compounds 1, 2, and aplysin-20 (3) exhibited strong activities against M. galloprovincialis. Therefore, these compounds can be explored as natural antifouling drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fukada
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Yamagishi
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Fukuyama University, 1 Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Misaki Nagasaka
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Daiki Osada
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nimura
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Fishery and Ocean, 136-24 Iwashigashima, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-0032, Japan
| | - Iori Oshima
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Fishery and Ocean, 136-24 Iwashigashima, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-0032, Japan
| | - Kazuki Tsujimoto
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kirihara
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Shinobu Takizawa
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, SANKEN, Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Norio Kikuchi
- Coastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 123 Yoshio, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishii
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamada
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
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2
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Gribble GW. Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds-A Comprehensive Review. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 121:1-546. [PMID: 37488466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26629-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number-from fewer than 25 in 1968-to approximately 8000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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3
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Li HY, Yang WQ, Zhou XZ, Shao F, Shen T, Guan HY, Zheng J, Zhang LM. Antibacterial and Antifungal Sesquiterpenoids: Chemistry, Resource, and Activity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1271. [PMID: 36139108 PMCID: PMC9496053 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi are threatening human health all over the world. It is an increasingly serious problem that the efficacies of some antibacterial and antifungal agents have been weakened by the drug resistance of some bacteria and fungi, which makes a great need for new antibiotics. Sesquiterpenoids, with abundant structural skeleton types and a wide range of bioactivities, are considered as good candidates to be antibacterial and antifungal agents. In the past decades, many sesquiterpenoids were isolated from plants and fungi that exhibited good antibacterial and antifungal activities. In this review, the names, source, structures, antibacterial and antifungal degrees, and mechanisms of sesquiterpenoids with antibacterial and antifungal activity from 2012 to 2022 are summarized, and the structure-activity relationship of these sesquiterpenoids against bacteria and fungi is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Ying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wen-Qian Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xin-Zhu Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Fei Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tong Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hui-Ying Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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4
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Chen R, Qiu D, Lei X, Niu Y, Hua Y, Peng H, Zeng T, Zhang Y. Total Synthesis and Assignment of the Absolute Configuration of (+)-Omphalic Acid. Org Lett 2021; 23:6972-6976. [PMID: 34397211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Omphalane diterpenoids usually contain a cyclohexane-fused bicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold embedded with two continuous quaternary carbon centers, which pose considerable challenges to synthetic chemists. Herein, we reported the first total synthesis of omphalic acid with high stereochemical control, featuring an intermolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition, ring reorganization through Criegee oxidative cleavage and programmed aldol condensations, conformationally controlled hydrogenation, and Pd-catalyzed carboxylation. The absolute configuration of omphalic acid was defined for the first time via the asymmetric total synthesis facilitated by a derivatization resolution protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayu Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
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5
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Sato K, Kaneko K, Kamekawa T, Taba K, Ishigami S, Wada M, Ishii T, Abe T, Kamada T, Suzuki M. Two New Halogenated Compounds from the Marine Red Alga Laurencia nipponica Yamada from the Kunashiri and Etorofu Islands. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100397. [PMID: 34302322 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The red alga Laurencia nipponica comprises various chemical races distributed relative to the ocean current in Japanese coastal areas. We investigated the chemical compositions and chemical races of L. nipponica distributed from the Kunashiri and Etorofu Islands, the confluence of the Soya warm current and Oya-shio cold current. Two new halogenated secondary metabolites, deacetylneonipponallene (1) and neopacifenol (2), along with four known compounds, deoxyprepacifenol (3), pacifenol (4), halo-chamigrene diether (5), and isolaurallene (6) were isolated from L. nipponica collected at Chikappunai, Kunashiri Island, while Zaimokuiwa (Kunashiri Island) and Sana (Etorofu Island) populations contained 3, 7-hydroxylaurene (7), 2,10-dibromo-3-chloro-9-hydroxy-α-chamigrene (8), and (3Z)-laurefucin (9). The structures of 1 and 2 were established using spectroscopic methods. The chemical races of L. nipponica distributed in this area were divided into 6- and 9-producing races. Interestingly, both races contained 4 as an additional race-index, as well as its derivatives, 2 and 5. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a race comprising a mixture of two race-index compounds, suggesting that the convergence of two currents causes the production of new and diverse chemical races in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Sato
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kaneko
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kamekawa
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Kanako Taba
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ishigami
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wada
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishii
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru 1, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Abe
- The Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamada
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka, 437-8555, Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Coastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 123 Yoshio, Katsuura, Chiba, 299-5242, Japan
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6
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Update on sesquiterpenes from red macroalgae of the Laurencia genus and their biological activities (2015–2020). ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Carroll AR, Copp BR, Davis RA, Keyzers RA, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:362-413. [PMID: 33570537 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2019 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 719 citations (701 for the period January to December 2019) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 440 papers for 2019), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Methods used to study marine fungi and their chemical diversity have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. and Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia and School of Enivironment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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8
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Gonçalves KG, da Silva LL, Soares AR, Romeiro NC. Acetylcholinesterase as a target of halogenated marine natural products from Laurencia dendroidea. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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9
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Bhowmick S, Mazumdar A, Moulick A, Adam V. Algal metabolites: An inevitable substitute for antibiotics. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107571. [PMID: 32505655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is rising at a pace that is difficult to cope with; circumvention of this issue requires fast and efficient alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Algae inhabit a wide span of ecosystems, which contributes to their ability to synthesize diverse classes of highly active biogenic metabolites. Here, for the first time, we reviewed all possible algal metabolites with broad spectra antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains, and categorized different metabolites of both freshwater and marine algae, linking them on the basis of their target sites and mechanistic actions along with their probable nanoconjugates. Algae can be considered a boon for novel drug discovery in the era of antibiotic resistance, as various algal primary and secondary metabolites possess potential antibacterial properties. The diversity of these metabolites from indigenous sources provides a promising gateway enabling researchers and pharmaceutical companies to develop novel nontoxic, cost-effective and highly efficient antibacterial medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Bhowmick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Aninda Mazumdar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Amitava Moulick
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic.
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10
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Elia J, Petit K, Huvelin JM, Tannoury M, Diab-Assaf M, Carbonnelle D, Nazih H. Acetone Fraction of the Red Marine Alga Laurencia papillosa Reduces the Expression of Bcl-2 Anti-apoptotic Marker and Flotillin-2 Lipid Raft Marker in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 19:321-330. [PMID: 32922490 PMCID: PMC7462504 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.1100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae have attracted much attention in recent years as a valuable source of bioactive metabolites. The cytotoxic potential of the Laurencia papillosa red alga collected from the Lebanese coast has been investigated on human breast cancer cells MCF-7. The crude extract of Laurencia papillosa (L. papillosa) was fractionated by column chromatography using a series of increasingly polar solvents (methylene chloride, acetone and methanol). Cytotoxicity of the crude extract and fractions was determined by MTT assay in MCF-7 cells. Apoptosis was detected by annexin V/propidium iodide assay and by measurement of Bcl-2 expression. Flotillin-2 expression was examined using RT-qPCR and Western blot. The crude extract, and the fractions of CH2Cl2 and acetone exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells. Apoptosis was specifically induced by one of the acetone fractions having the highest cytotoxicity. It has been demonstrated by an increase in late phase apoptotic cell populations, and a decrease in Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic marker expression on mRNA and protein levels in a dose- and time- dependent manner. Furthermore, this active fraction decreased Flotillin-2 expression associated with cancer progression. Our data suggest that L. papillosa is an important source of cytotoxic metabolites. Further studies are needed for the chemical characterization of the metabolite associated with observed biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Elia
- MMS-EA 2160, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karina Petit
- MMS-EA 2160, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Huvelin
- MMS-EA 2160, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mona Tannoury
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Delphine Carbonnelle
- MMS-EA 2160, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Hassan Nazih
- MMS-EA 2160, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
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Phan CS, Kamada T, Vairappan CS. Two new epimers of C 15-acetogenin, 4- epi-isolaurallene and 4- epi-itomanallene A as diastereomeric model. Nat Prod Res 2020; 34:1008-1013. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1543681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Soon Phan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Takashi Kamada
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi, Shizuoka 437-8555, Japan
| | - Charles S. Vairappan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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12
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Thuwalallenes A-E and Thuwalenynes A-C: New C 15 Acetogenins with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from a Saudi Arabian Red Sea Laurencia sp. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110644. [PMID: 31731724 PMCID: PMC6891555 DOI: 10.3390/md17110644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thuwalallenes A-E (1-3, 5 and 8) and thuwalenynes A-C (4, 6, 7), new C15 acetogenins featuring uncommon ring systems, along with cis-maneonene D (9), thyrsiferol (10) and 23-acetyl-thyrsiferol (11) were isolated from the organic extract of a population of the red alga Laurencia sp., collected at Rose Reef off the village of Thuwal in the Red Sea waters of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The structure elucidation of the isolated natural products was based on extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-6, 8, 10 and 11 were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity by quantifying nitric oxide (NO) release in response to TLR4 stimulation in macrophages. Besides compound 4 that did not exhibit any activity, all other tested metabolites inhibited NO production from activated macrophages. Among them, thyrsiferol (10) and 23-acetylthyrsiferol (11) displayed activity with IC50 values in the low nM scale without cytotoxicity.
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