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Campbell J, Chapman P, Klag A. The Prevalence, Magnitude, and Reversibility of Elevated Liver Enzyme Activities in Hyperthyroid Cats Presenting for Iodine-131 Treatment. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:830287. [PMID: 35252423 PMCID: PMC8890775 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.830287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to report the prevalence and magnitude of elevated liver enzyme activity in feline hyperthyroidism using a large cohort of cats presenting for iodine-131 treatment. The secondary objective was to determine if elevated liver enzyme activity was a reversible process following successful iodine-131 treatment.MethodsCases that presented for a single iodine-131 treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Short-term and long-term follow-up clinicopathologic data was then reviewed for the secondary objective.ResultsTwo hundred seventeen hyperthyroid cats met the inclusion criteria for the primary objective. In total, 123/217 (56.7%) of the cats had at least one liver enzyme elevation on their chemistry panel, with alanine transaminase activity being the most common. All cats who were successfully treated with iodine-131 had liver enzyme activity within the reference range at short-term follow-up and long-term follow-up points.Conclusion and RelevanceOur study demonstrates that elevated liver values are common in cats presenting for iodine-131 treatment. Additionally, our study demonstrates that even when liver values are markedly elevated prior to treatment, the liver enzyme activity will return to normal after successful resolution of hyperthyroidism using iodine-131 treatment. Investigation into hepatobiliary disease and liver function tests for cats with a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism may be unnecessary as the liver values will likely return to normal with successful iodine-131 treatment.
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Baki AM, Aydın AF, Vural P, Soluk-Tekkeşin M, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. Effects of α-lipoic acid on oxidative stress parameters in experimental hyperthyroidism. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.25000/acem.455516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Kashkouli MB, Aghamirsalim M, Karimi N, Shahrzad S. Autoimmune hyperthyroidism and thyroid eye disease: what is the role of pro-oxidants and antioxidants? EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1586/17469899.2015.1012499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vaske HH, Schermerhorn T, Armbrust L, Grauer GF. Diagnosis and management of feline hyperthyroidism: current perspectives. VETERINARY MEDICINE (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2014; 5:85-96. [PMID: 32670849 PMCID: PMC7337209 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s39985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous and ongoing research has provided insights to the pathophysiology and diagnosis of hyperthyroidism as well as new treatment modalities. This paper reviews the etiology, clinical presentation, and clinicopathologic changes associated with hyperthyroidism, and provides a thorough explanation of confirmatory testing and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather H Vaske
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Thomas Schermerhorn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Laura Armbrust
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Gregory F Grauer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Tomella C, Catanzaro R, Illuzzi N, Cabeca A, Zerbinati N, Celep G, Milazzo M, Sapienza C, Italia A, Lorenzetti A, Marotta F. The hidden phenomenon of oxidative stress during treatment of subclinical-mild hypothyroidism: a protective nutraceutical intervention. Rejuvenation Res 2014; 17:180-3. [PMID: 24050492 PMCID: PMC3995355 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2013.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that subjects with hypothyroidism under therapy with levothyroxine (L-T4) might develop oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to test a redox-balance modulator, fermented papaya-based nutraceutical (FPP), together with subclinical (SH) or mild hypothyroidism (MH) treatment in view of biochemical changes. A total of 60 females treated for SH-MH were divided into two matched groups and received either FPP 3 grams 1 sachet three times a day (t.i.d.) or placebo for 3 months. A significant baseline increase of all oxidative markers was observed in SH-MH (p<0.05 vs. control) and even more under T4 treatment (p<0.05). FPP caused a normalization of redox markers (p<0.01 vs. placebo). Thyroid supplementation accelerates mitochondrial oxygen consumption and oxidative stress, whereas a redox-modulator therapy is advisable, given the long-lasting treatment in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Tomella
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Catanzaro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicola Illuzzi
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Cabeca
- Preventive and Functional Medicine Center, Brunswick, Georgia
| | | | - Gulcin Celep
- Family and Consumer Sciences Department, Nutrition and Food Technology Division, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Michele Milazzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Sapienza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angelo Italia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Aldo Lorenzetti
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, Milan, Italy
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Venditti P, Di Stefano L, Di Meo S. Vitamin E management of oxidative damage-linked dysfunctions of hyperthyroid tissues. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:3125-44. [PMID: 23255045 PMCID: PMC11114018 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid hormones affect growth, development, and metabolism of vertebrates, and are considered the major regulators of their homeostasis. On the other hand, elevated circulating levels of thyroid hormones are associated with modifications in the whole organism (weight loss and increased metabolism and temperature) and in several body regions. Indeed, tachycardia, atrial arrhythmias, heart failure, muscle weakness and wasting, bone mass loss, and hepatobiliary complications are commonly found in hyperthyroid animals and humans. RESULTS Most thyroid hormone actions result from influences on transcription of T3-responsive genes, which are mediated through nuclear receptors. However, there is significant evidence that tissue oxidative stress underlies some dysfunctions produced by hyperthyroidism. DISCUSSION During the last decades, increasing interest has been turned to the use of antioxidants as therapeutic agents in various diseases and pathophysiological disorders believed to be mediated by oxidative stress. In particular, because elevated circulating levels of thyroid hormones are associated with tissue oxidative injury, more attention has been paid to explore the application of antioxidants as therapeutic agents in thyroid related disorders. CONCLUSIONS At present, vitamin E is among the most commonly consumed dietary supplements due to the belief that it, as an antioxidant, may attenuate morbidity and mortality. This is due to the results of numerous scientific studies, which demonstrate that vitamin E has a primary function to destroy peroxyl radicals, thus protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids biological membranes from oxidative damage. However, results are also available indicating that protective vitamin E effects against oxidative damage can be obtained even through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Venditti
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Naples, Italy.
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Ozan G, Turkozkan N, Bircan FS, Balabanli B. Effect of Taurine on Brain 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine Levels in Endotoxemia. Inflammation 2011; 35:665-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-011-9359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tanrıkulu S, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Özderya A, Ademoğlu E, Karadağ B, Erbil Y, Uysal M. The 8-oxoguanine DNA N-glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) Ser326Cys variant affects the susceptibility to Graves' disease. Cell Biochem Funct 2011; 29:244-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Venditti P, Di Stefano L, Di Meo S. Oxidative stress in cold-induced hyperthyroid state. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 213:2899-911. [PMID: 20709918 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.043307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of homeothermic animals to low environmental temperature is associated with oxidative stress in several body tissues. Because cold exposure induces a condition of functional hyperthyroidism, the observation that tissue oxidative stress also happens in experimental hyperthyroidism, induced by 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T(3)) treatment, suggests that this hormone is responsible for the oxidative damage found in tissues from cold-exposed animals. Examination of T(3)-responsive tissues, such as brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver, shows that changes in factors favoring oxidative modifications are similar in experimental and functional hyperthyroidism. However, differences are also apparent, likely due to the action of physiological regulators, such as noradrenaline and thyroxine, whose levels are different in cold-exposed and T(3)-treated animals. To date, there is evidence that biochemical changes underlying the thermogenic response to cold as well as those leading to oxidative stress require a synergism between T(3)- and noradrenaline-generated signals. Conversely, available results suggest that thyroxine (T(4)) supplies a direct contribution to cold-induced BAT oxidative damage, but contributes to the liver response only as a T(3) precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Venditti
- Department of the Biological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University Federico II of Naples, 80134, Naples, Italy.
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Queisser N, Fazeli G, Schupp N. Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide-induced signaling and damage in angiotensin II and aldosterone action. Biol Chem 2010; 391:1265-79. [DOI: 10.1515/bc.2010.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be induced by xenobiotic substances, such as redox cycling molecules, but also by endogenous substances such as hormones and cytokines. Recent research shows the importance of ROS in cellular signaling. Here, the signaling pathways of the two blood pressure-regulating hormones angiotensin II and aldosterone are presented, focusing on both their physiological effects and the change of signaling owing to the action of increased concentrations or prolonged exposure. When present in high concentrations, both angiotensin II and aldosterone, as various other endogenous substances, activate NADPH oxidase, which produces superoxide. In this review the generation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in cells stimulated with angiotensin II or aldosterone, as well as the subsequently induced signaling processes and DNA damage is discussed.
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Altan N, Sepici-Dinçel A, Sahin D, Kocamanoğlu N, Kosova F, Engin A. Oxidative DNA damage: the thyroid hormone-mediated effects of insulin on liver tissue. Endocrine 2010; 38:214-20. [PMID: 20703869 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-010-9376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone affects glucose homeostasis with its actions between the skeletal muscle and liver and the altered oxidative and non-oxidative glucose metabolism. In our study three chemicals are considered biomarkers associated with oxidative stress for protein modifications were measured; 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyyguanosine (8-OHdG), a major lesion that can be generated by reactive oxygen species for DNA damage, protein carbonyl content (PCO), products of protein oxidation and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) a dithyrosine containing cross-linked protein products. The purpose of the recent study was to determine the effects of insulin and T4 or their combination in diabetic, thyroidectomized, or diabetic-thyroidectomized rats and possible relations with oxidative DNA and protein damages. For this purpose, rats were assigned to eight groups: Group 1; control, Group 2; diabetes, Group 3; diabetes+insulin, Group 4; surgically thyroidectomized control, Group 5; thyroidectomized+diabetes, Group 6; thyroidectomized+diabetes+insulin, Group 7; thyroidectomized+diabetes+insulin+thyroid hormone, levothyroxin sodium, 2.5 μg/kg and Group 8; thyroidectomized+diabetes+insulin+thyroid hormone, levothyroxin sodium, 5.0 μg/kg for 5 weeks. After the genomic DNA of liver tissues was extracted, the ratio of 8-OHdG to deoxyguanosine and liver tissue protein oxidation markers was determined. The main findings of our recent study were the increased 8-OHdG levels during the diabetes, hypothyroidism, and hypothyroidism with diabetes, which can be regulated in different percentages with the treatment of 2.5 and 5.0 μg/kg doses of thyroid hormone and the altered protein carbonyl and AOPP levels of liver tissue. Consequently, it was observed that the DNA and protein damage induced by oxidative stress in diabetes could be regulated by dose-dependent thyroid hormone-mediated effects to insulin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgün Altan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Videla LA. Hormetic responses of thyroid hormone calorigenesis in the liver: Association with oxidative stress. IUBMB Life 2010; 62:460-6. [PMID: 20503439 DOI: 10.1002/iub.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (L-3,3',5-triiodothyronine, T(3)) exerts calorigenic effects by accelerating mitochondrial O(2) consumption through transcriptional activation of respiratory genes, with consequent increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In the liver, ROS generation occurs at different sites of hepatocytes and in the respiratory burst of Kupffer cells, triggering the activation of the transcription factors nuclear factor-kappaB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and activating protein 1. Under these conditions, the redox upregulation of Kupffer cell-dependent expression of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6] is achieved, which upon interaction with specific receptors in hepatocytes trigger the expression of antioxidant enzymes (manganese superoxide dismutase, inducible nitric oxide synthase), antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2), and acute-phase proteins (haptoglobin, beta-fibrinogen). These responses and the promotion of hepatocyte and Kupffer cell proliferation observed represent hormetic effects re-establishing redox homeostasis, promoting cell survival, and protecting the liver against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. It is proposed that hormesis underlying T(3) action may constitute a novel preconditioning strategy for IR injury during liver surgery in man or in liver transplantation using reduced-size grafts from living donors, considering that (i) with the exception of the controversial ischemic preconditioning, all other studied strategies have failed to reach the clinical setting and (ii) T(3) is a well-tolerated therapeutic agent that either lacks major adverse effects or has minimal and controlled side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Berent AC, Drobatz KJ, Ziemer L, Johnson VS, Ward CR. Liver Function in Cats with Hyperthyroidism Before and After131I Therapy. J Vet Intern Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb01941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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14
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Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Oztekin E, Aydin L, Sivrikaya A. Melatonin prevents oxidant damage in various tissues of rats with hyperthyroidism. Life Sci 2006; 79:311-5. [PMID: 16464477 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2005] [Revised: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Impairment of thyroid functions brings about pathological changes in different organs of body. Findings of in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that thyroid hormones have a considerable impact on oxidative stress. Melatonin reduces oxidative damage through its free radical eliminating and direct anti-oxidant effects. The present study was undertaken to determine how a 3-week period of intraperitoneal melatonin administration affected oxidative damage caused in experimental hyperthyroidism in rat. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups (control, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyroidism+melatonin). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in different tissues. MDA levels in cerebral, liver and cardiac tissues in hyperthyroidism group were significantly higher than those in control and hyperthyroidism+melatonin supplemented groups (p<0.001). The highest GSH levels were observed in the group that was administered melatonin in addition to having hyperthyroidism (p<0.001). These results show that hyperthyroidism increased oxidative damage in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues of rat. Melatonin supplementation may also suppress oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasim Mogulkoc
- Department of Physiology, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, 42080 Konya, Turkey.
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Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Oztekin E, Sivrikaya A, Aydin L. Effects of hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin administration on lipid peroxidation in various rat tissues. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2006; 57:157-63. [PMID: 16841467 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.57.2006.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunctions are associated with many pathological signs in the body. One of these is lipid peroxidation that develops due to over- or under-secretion of thyroid hormones. The present study was conducted to determine lipid peroxidation that develops in different tissues including the brain, liver and heart of rats in experimental hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin. The study was carried out on 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats. They were divided into three groups as control, sham hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in rat tissues were determined at the end of a 3-weeks period of L-thyroxin administration. It was observed that MDA levels in the hyperthyroidism group were significantly higher in the cerebral cortex, liver and ventriculer tissue of heart (p < 0.001) than in the control and in sham hyperthyroidism groups. GSH levels were higher in the hyperthyroidism group than in control and sham hyperthyroidism groups in all tissues (p < 0.001). Results demonstrate that hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin activates both oxidant and antioxidant systems in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues. However, the increase in antioxidant activity cannot adequately prevent oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mogulkoc
- Department of Physiology, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, 42080-Konya, Turkey.
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Fernández V, Tapia G, Varela P, Romanque P, Cartier-Ugarte D, Videla LA. Thyroid hormone-induced oxidative stress in rodents and humans: a comparative view and relation to redox regulation of gene expression. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006; 142:231-239. [PMID: 16298169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Revised: 10/10/2005] [Accepted: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (3,3',5-triiodothyronine, T(3)) exerts significant actions on energy metabolism, with mitochondria being the major target for its calorigenic effects. Acceleration of O(2) consumption by T(3) leads to an enhanced generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in target tissues, with a higher consumption of cellular antioxidants and inactivation of antioxidant enzymes, thus inducing oxidative stress. This redox imbalance occurring in rodent liver and extrahepatic tissues with a calorigenic response, as well as in hyperthyroid patients, is further enhanced by an increased respiratory burst activity in Kupffer cells, which may activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as NF-kappaB thus up-regulating gene expression. T(3) elicits an 80-fold increase in the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which is abolished by pretreatment with the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and N-acetylcysteine, the Kupffer-cell inactivator GdCl(3), or an antisense oligonucleotide against TNF-alpha. In addition, T(3) treatment activates hepatic NF-kappaB, a response that is (i) inhibited by antioxidants and GdCl(3) and (ii) accompanied by induced mRNA expression of the NF-kappaB-responsive genes for TNF-alpha and interleukin (IL)-10. T(3) also increases the hepatic levels of mRNA for IL-1alpha and those of IL-1alpha in serum. Up-regulation of liver iNOS expression is also achieved by T(3), through a cascade initiated by TNF-alpha and involving IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation. In conclusion, T(3)-induced oxidative stress in the liver enhances the DNA-binding of NF-kappaB and the NF-kappaB-dependent expression of cytokines and iNOS by actions primarily exerted at the Kupffer cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Fernández
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70000, Santiago-7, Chile
| | - Gladys Tapia
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70000, Santiago-7, Chile
| | - Patricia Varela
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70000, Santiago-7, Chile
| | - Pamela Romanque
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70000, Santiago-7, Chile
| | - Denise Cartier-Ugarte
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70000, Santiago-7, Chile
| | - Luis A Videla
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70000, Santiago-7, Chile.
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Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, Aydin L, Oztekin E, Sivrikaya A. The effect of thyroxine administration on lipid peroxidation in different tissues of rats with hypothyroidism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 92:39-46. [PMID: 16003944 DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.92.2005.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunctions bring about pathological changes in different organs of the body. Findings obtained from in vivo and in vitro studies point out that thyroid hormones have a strong impact on oxidative stress. The present study was conducted to demonstrate how high-dose thyroxin administration for one week affected oxidative damage formed in experimental hypothyroidism. The study was carried out with 30 Spraque-Dawley species male rats. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups (Group 1, control; Group 2, hypothyroidism; Group 3, hypothyroidism + thyroxine administration). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues after the experimental period. MDA and GSH levels in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues of hypothyroidism + thyroxine supplemented group were higher than those in the control and hypothyroidism groups (p<0.001). The same parameters were higher in the control group than those in the hypothyroidism group (p<0.001). The results of the present study show that hypothyroidism reduced the oxidative damage in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues of rats. However, high-dose thyroxine administration in addition to induced hypothyroidism increased oxidative damage in the same tissues and that this damage could not be prevented despite the increase in the antioxidant system activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mogulkoc
- Department of Physiology, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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