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Qi X, Pan C, Yang J, Liu L, Hao J, Wen Y, Zhang N, Wei W, Cheng B, Cheng S, Zhang F. Disadvantaged social status contributed to sleep disorders: An observational and genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis. Sleep Health 2024:S2352-7218(24)00059-7. [PMID: 38772848 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is a natural and essential physiological need for individuals. Our study aimed to research the associations between accumulated social risks and sleep disorders. METHODS In this study, we came up with a polysocial risk score (PsRS), which is a cumulative social risk index composed of 13 social determinants of health. This research includes 239,165 individuals with sleep disorders and social determinants of health data from the UK Biobank cohort. First, logistic regression models were performed to examine the associations of social determinants of health and sleep disorders, including chronotype, narcolepsy, insomnia, snoring, short and long sleep duration. Then, PsRS was calculated based on statistically significant social determinants of health for each sleep disorder. Third, a genome-wide gene-environment interaction study was conducted to explore the interactions between single-nucleotide polymorphisms and PsRS in relation to sleep disorders. RESULTS Higher PsRS scores were associated with worse sleep status, with the adjusted odds ratio (OR) ranging from 1.10 (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.11) to 1.29 (95% CI: 1.27-1.30) for sleep disorders. Emotional stress (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.28-1.43) and not in paid employment (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 2.51-2.74) were found to have significant contributions for sleep disorders. Moreover, multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms were discovered to have interactions with PsRS, such as FRAS1 (P = 2.57 × 10-14) and CACNA1A (P = 8.62 × 10-14) for narcolepsy, and ACKR3 (P = 1.24 × 10-8) for long sleep. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that cumulative social risks was associated with sleep disorders, while the interactions between genetic susceptibility and disadvantaged social status are risk factors for the development of sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- Precision medicine center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jin Yang
- Precision medicine center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jingcan Hao
- Medical department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Wenming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
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Suchert V, Hanewinkel R, Neumann C, Hansen J. Regional Socioeconomic Deprivation in Germany and Adherence to the 24-h Movement Guidelines among Children and Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1392. [PMID: 37628391 PMCID: PMC10453420 DOI: 10.3390/children10081392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
To examine the relationship between regional socioeconomic deprivation and adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines among children and adolescents, a cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 17,433 students aged 9-17 participated in a survey in winter 2021/2022. Daily screen time (ST), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sleep behavior were outcome variables. The German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD), a regional socioeconomic objective measure, was the exposure variable. Associations between GISD and health behaviors were examined using regression models. Models were adjusted for age, gender, school type, and individual self-reported socioeconomic status (SES). The proportions of meeting the MVPA, ST, and sleep duration guidelines were 14%, 22%, and 34%, respectively. A total of 2.3% met all guidelines. Students from the most deprived communities were half as likely to meet all three guidelines compared to students from the most affluent regions (OR = 0.49 [0.28; -0.03], p = 0.010). There was a consistent relationship between GISD and lower levels of adherence to screen time guidelines (most deprived compared to most affluent: OR = 0.49 [0.38; 0.64], p < 0.001). There was no association between GISD and adherence to sleep time guidelines. We found mixed results for the association between GISD and MVPA. Regional SES appears to be an important factor associated with screen time. Screen time should be limited through intervention programs, especially in disadvantaged areas. Parents should be made aware of their children's increased media consumption. Recommendations for screen time should be clearly communicated, as should the health disadvantages of increased media consumption in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Suchert
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Reiner Hanewinkel
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Clemens Neumann
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Hansen
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research, IFT-Nord, Harmsstraße 2, 24114 Kiel, Germany
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3
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Cai J, Shen Y, Zhao Y, Meng X, Niu Y, Chen R, Quan G, Li H, Groeger JA, Du W, Hua J, Kan H. Early-Life Exposure to PM 2.5 and Sleep Disturbances in Preschoolers from 551 Cities of China. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:602-612. [PMID: 36170612 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202204-0740oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Air pollution has been linked with sleep disturbance in adults, but the association in children remains unclear. Objectives: To examine the associations of prenatal and postnatal exposure to fine particulate matter (particulate matter ⩽2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5) with sleep quality and sleep disturbances among children in 551 Chinese cities. Methods: A total of 1,15,023 children aged 3-7 years from the Chinese National Cohort of Motor Development were included. Sleep quality was measured using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). PM2.5 exposure was estimated using a satellite-based model. Generalized additive mixed models with Gaussian and binomial distributions were used to examine the associations of PM2.5 exposure with CSHQ scores and risk of sleep disturbance, respectively, adjusting for demographic characteristics and temporal trends. Measurements and Main Results: Early-life PM2.5 exposure was associated with higher total CSHQ score, and the association was stronger for exposure at age 0-3 years (change of CSHQ score per interquartile range increase of PM2.5 = 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.63) than during pregnancy (0.22; 95% CI, 0.12-0.32). The associations were more evident in sleep-disordered breathing and daytime sleepiness. Postnatal PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased risk of sleep disturbance (adjusted odds ratio for per-interquartile range increase of PM2.5 exposure at age 0-3 years, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.15), but no associations were found for prenatal exposure. Children who were exclusively breastfed for <6 months and had neonatal ICU admission may be more vulnerable to sleep disturbance related to PM2.5 exposure. Conclusions: PM2.5 exposure can impair sleep quality in preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Niu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangbin Quan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - John A Groeger
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wenchong Du
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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MacKinnon AL, Sell H, Silang K, Xie EB, Jung JW, Tough S, Tomfohr-Madsen L. Neighbourhood characteristics, lifestyle factors, and child development: Secondary analysis of the All our families cohort study. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 2:1073666. [PMID: 38455286 PMCID: PMC10910961 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2022.1073666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Neighbourhood characteristics have been found to influence child development, but little is known about lifestyle factors that may moderate this relationship, which can provide modifiable targets for policies and programing. This study investigated the association between neighbourhood characteristics (e.g., deprivation, disorder) during pregnancy and child development at age 5 in relation to various lifestyle factors (e.g., physical activity, parent-child reading, community resource use) during early childhood. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted using multilevel modeling of data from the All Our Families cohort, recruited in Canada from 2008 to 2010. Participants self-reported on demographics during pregnancy, lifestyle factors at 3 years, and child development at 5 years using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3). Neighbourhood deprivation was evaluated using the Vancouver Area Deprivation Index (VANDIX), while disorder was measured using police services' community crime reports. Results Geocoded information was available for 2,444 participants. After adjusting for covariates, multilevel modeling indicated a significant negative association between neighbourhood deprivation and overall child development (b = -.726, 95% CI: -1.344, -.120). Parent-child reading was found to be a significant moderator of the effect of neighbourhood disorder (b = .005, 95% CI: .001, .009). There were no statistically significant moderation effects for physical activity or community resource use. Conclusion Neighbourhood deprivation during pregnancy is associated with early child development. Parent-child reading may function as a protective factor in the presence of higher neighbourhood disorder. Overall, neighbourhood-level effects should be considered in policies and community programs that promote family and child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. L. MacKinnon
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - H. Sell
- Immunization Programs and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Service, BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K. Silang
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - E. B. Xie
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J. W. Jung
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S. Tough
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - L. Tomfohr-Madsen
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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5
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Harden SR, Schuurman N, Keller P, Lear SA. Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with Running in Metro Vancouver: A Preliminary Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14328. [PMID: 36361206 PMCID: PMC9658309 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Running can improve physical health and psychological wellbeing. However, the characteristics of conducive running environments are relatively unknown. This study determines neighborhood factors that attract running and explores how age and gender mediate built environment preferences. Spatial patterns of runners in Metro Vancouver were identified using crowdsourced fitness data from Strava, a popular application for tracking physical activities. The influence of socio-economic status (SES), green and/or blue space, and urbanicity on route popularity was assessed using a Generalized Linear Model (GLM). The influence of these neighborhood variables was also calculated for runners by age and gender. The results show high neighborhood SES, the presence of green and/or blue space, and high population density are associated with increased running activities in all age and gender groups. This study contributes a novel approach to understanding conducive running environments by demonstrating the utility of crowdsourced data in combination with data about urban environments. The patterns of this large group of runners can be used to inform planning for cities that promote running, as well as seek to encourage equal participation among different ages and genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella R. Harden
- Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Nadine Schuurman
- Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Peter Keller
- Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Scott A. Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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6
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Lucchini M, Ordway MR, Kyle MH, Pini N, Barbosa JR, Sania A, Shuffrey LC, Firestein MR, Fernández CR, Fifer WP, Alcántara C, Monk C, Dumitriu D. Racial/ethnic disparities in infant sleep in the COVID-19 Mother Baby Outcomes (COMBO) study. Sleep Health 2022; 8:429-439. [PMID: 36038499 PMCID: PMC9411732 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate racial and ethnic differences in infant sleep and examine associations with insurance status and parent-infant bedtime behavioral factors (PIBBF). METHODS Participants are part of the COVID-19 Mother Baby Outcomes (COMBO) Initiative, Columbia University. Data on infant sleep (night, day and overall sleep duration, night awakenings, latency, infant's sleep as a problem) were collected at 4 months postpartum. Regressions estimated associations between race/ethnicity, insurance status, PIBBF and infants' sleep. RESULTS A total of 296 infants were eligible (34.4% non-Hispanic White [NHW], 10.1% Black/African American [B/AA], 55.4% Hispanic). B/AA and Hispanic mothers were more likely to have Medicaid, bed/room-share, and report later infant bedtime compared to NHW mothers. Infants of B/AA mothers had longer sleep latency compared to NHW. Infants of Hispanic mothers slept less at night (∼70 ± 12 minutes) and more during the day (∼41 ± 12 minutes) and Hispanic mothers were less likely to consider infants' sleep as a problem compared to NHW (odds ratio 0.4; 95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.7). After adjustment for insurance status and PIBBF, differences by race/ethnicity for night and day sleep duration and perception of infant's sleep as a problem persisted (∼32 ± 14 minutes, 35 ± 15 minutes, and odds ratio 0.4; 95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.8 respectively). Later bedtime was associated with less sleep at night (∼21 ± 4 minutes) and overall (∼17 ± 5 minutes), and longer latency. Infants who did not fall asleep independently had longer sleep latency, and co-sleeping infants had more night awakenings. CONCLUSIONS Results show racial/ethnic differences in sleep in 4-month-old infants across sleep domains. The findings of our study suggest that PIBBF have an essential role in healthy infant sleep, but they may not be equitably experienced across racial/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristella Lucchini
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
| | | | - Margaret H Kyle
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicolò Pini
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer R Barbosa
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ayesha Sania
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lauren C Shuffrey
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Morgan R Firestein
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cristina R Fernández
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA; Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - William P Fifer
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Catherine Monk
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dani Dumitriu
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Sackler Institute, Zuckerman Institute, and the Columbia Population Research Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
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7
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Shin HJ, Park J, Oh HK, Kim N. Comparison of Effects of Mothers' and Mozart's Lullabies on Physiological Responses, Feeding Volume, and Body Weight of Premature Infants in NICU. Front Public Health 2022; 10:870740. [PMID: 35707055 PMCID: PMC9189372 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.870740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mothers' and Mozart's lullabies on physiological parameters, feeding volume, and body weight of premature infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods This study used a non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized design as a quasi-experimental study. Two intervention groups (recorded mother's lullaby and Mozart's lullaby) and a control group were formed from a total of 65 premature infants: a mother's lullaby group of 22 infants, a Mozart's lullaby group of 22 infants, and a control group of 21 infants not provided with any lullabies. Their physiological parameters included heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and O2 saturation. The infants' feeding volume and body weight were measured as indicators related to the growth of premature infants. The mother's and Mozart's lullabies were played on a speaker in an incubator for 15 min for 7 consecutive days per group. Results There were significant differences in the mean difference before and after intervention in neonatal heart rate (χ2 = 45.03, P < 0.001), systolic pressure (F = 43.29, P < 0.001), diastolic pressure (χ2 = 33.01, P < 0.001), respiratory rate (F = 76.06, P < 0.001), and O2 saturation (χ2 = 40.82, P < 0.001) between the three groups. The mean differences of both mother's and Mozart's lullaby groups were significantly higher than those of the routine care group in all physiological parameters, and those of the mother's lullaby group was significantly higher when compared with the Mozart's lullaby group. In repeated-measures ANOVA, there was a significant interaction between time and group in feeding volume (F = 2.46, P = 0.041). However, body weight did not significantly differ in an interaction between time and group (F = 1.75, P = 0.151). Conclusion This study showed beneficial effects of mother's lullaby and Mozart's lullaby on physiological parameters. Especially, the mother's lullaby was found to significantly improve all physiological parameters and feeding volume of premature infants in the NICU compared to Mozart's lullaby group. Therefore, we recommend the regular integration of the mother's lullaby into supportive care of premature infants in the NICU, as this intervention highlights the need for mothers to participate in their care. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: KCT0004842 (https://cris.nih.go.kr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Shin
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jooyeon Park
- Department of Nursing, Daegu University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Oh
- Department of Nursing, Daegu University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
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8
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Early life circadian rhythm disruption in mice alters brain and behavior in adulthood. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7366. [PMID: 35513413 PMCID: PMC9072337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy sleep supports robust development of the brain and behavior. Modern society presents a host of challenges that can impair and disrupt critical circadian rhythms that reinforce optimal physiological functioning, including the proper timing and consolidation of sleep. While the acute effects of inadequate sleep and disrupted circadian rhythms are being defined, the adverse developmental consequences of disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms are understudied. Here, we exposed mice to disrupting light–dark cycles from birth until weaning and demonstrate that such exposure has adverse impacts on brain and behavior as adults. Mice that experience early-life circadian disruption exhibit more anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, poorer spatial memory in the Morris Water Maze, and impaired working memory in a delayed match-to-sample task. Additionally, neuron morphology in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex is adversely impacted. Pyramidal cells in these areas had smaller dendritic fields, and pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus also exhibited diminished branching orders. Disrupted mice were also hyperactive as adults, but otherwise exhibited no alteration in adult circadian locomotor rhythms. These results highlight that circadian disruption early in life may have long lasting and far-reaching consequences for the development of behavior and the brain.
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9
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Cohen MF, Dunlop AL, Johnson DA, Dunn Amore A, Corwin EJ, Brennan PA. Intergenerational Effects of Discrimination on Black American Children's Sleep Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074021. [PMID: 35409703 PMCID: PMC8997890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Greater exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination among pregnant Black American women is associated with elevated prenatal depressive symptomatology, poorer prenatal sleep quality, and poorer child health outcomes. Given the transdiagnostic importance of early childhood sleep health, we examined associations between pregnant women's lifetime exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination and their two-year-old children's sleep health. We also examined women's gendered racial stress as a predictor variable. In exploratory analyses, we examined prenatal sleep quality and prenatal depressive symptoms as potential mediators of the prior associations. We utilized data from a sample of Black American women and children (n = 205). Women self-reported their lifetime experiences of discrimination during early pregnancy, their sleep quality and depressive symptoms during mid-pregnancy, and their children's sleep health at age two. Hierarchical linear multiple regression models were fit to examine direct associations between women's experiences of discrimination and children's sleep health. We tested our mediation hypotheses using a parallel mediator model. Higher levels of gendered racial stress, but not racial/ethnic discrimination, were directly associated with poorer sleep health in children. Higher levels of racial/ethnic discrimination were indirectly associated with poorer sleep health in children, via women's prenatal depressive symptomatology, but not prenatal sleep quality. Clinical efforts to mitigate the effects of discrimination on Black American women may benefit women's prenatal mental health and their children's sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine F. Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Dayna A. Johnson
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Alexis Dunn Amore
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
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Does Where You Live Predict What You Say? Associations between Neighborhood Factors, Child Sleep, and Language Development. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020223. [PMID: 35203986 PMCID: PMC8870121 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Language ability is strongly related to important child developmental outcomes. Family-level socioeconomic status influences child language ability; it is unclear if, and through which mechanisms, neighborhood-level factors impact child language. The current study investigated the association between neighborhood factors (deprivation and disorder) assessed before birth and child language outcomes at age 5, with sleep duration as a potential underlying pathway. Secondary analysis was conducted on data collected between 2008 and 2018 on a subsample of 2444 participants from the All Our Families cohort study (Calgary, Canada) for whom neighborhood information from pregnancy could be geocoded. Neighborhood deprivation was determined using the Vancouver Area Neighborhood Deprivation Index (VANDIX), and disorder was assessed using crime reports. Mothers reported on their children’s sleep duration and language ability. Multilevel modeling indicated that greater neighborhood deprivation and disorder during pregnancy were predictive of lower scores on the Child Communication Checklist–2 (CCC–2) at 5 years. Path analyses revealed an indirect effect of neighborhood disorder on language through child sleep duration at 12 months. These results add to growing evidence that child development should be considered within the context of multiple systems. Sleep duration as an underlying link between environmental factors and child language ability warrants further study as a potential target for intervention.
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Lupini F, Leichman ES, Gould RA, Walters RM, Mindell JA, Williamson AA. Correlates of a caregiver-reported child sleep problem and variation by community disadvantage. Sleep Med 2022; 90:83-90. [PMID: 35123150 PMCID: PMC9206234 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of sleep patterns and perceived problems in early childhood indicate variation by family socioeconomic status. The purpose of this study was to examine variation in correlates of a caregiver-perceived child sleep problem across and within levels of community disadvantage in a large US sample. METHODS Caregivers of 14,980 young children (ages 0-35.9 months) in the US completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised (BISQ-R) on the freely and publicly available Johnson's® Bedtime® Baby Sleep App. Zip code was used to identify a Distressed Communities Index (DCI) score, which represents community disadvantage based on neighborhood indicators. RESULTS Across all levels of community disadvantage, caregivers who reported greater impact of child sleep on their own sleep, bedtime difficulty, more frequent and longer night wakings, and increased total nighttime sleep were more likely to endorse a child sleep problem. These associations varied by level of community disadvantage. For caregivers living in more disadvantaged communities, impact of child sleep on their own sleep and night wakings were the strongest correlates of endorsing a child sleep problem, whereas for those in more advantaged communities the impact of child sleep on their own sleep and night wakings as well as additional aspects of sleep health, such as short sleep duration, were associated with endorsement of a child sleep problem. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that families living in more distressed communities are most likely to identify the impact of child sleep on their own sleep and night wakings in reporting a child sleep problem, whereas those from more prosperous communities consider these factors as well as other sleep parameters, including sleep duration. Clinicians should consider expanding screening questions for child sleep problems to include the perceived impact on caregiver sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jodi A. Mindell
- Saint Joseph’s University, USA,Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, USA,University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Psychology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA. (J.A. Mindell)
| | - Ariel A. Williamson
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, USA,University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, USA
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Mayne SL, Mitchell JA, Virudachalam S, Fiks AG, Williamson AA. Neighborhood environments and sleep among children and adolescents: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 57:101465. [PMID: 33827031 PMCID: PMC8164975 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding salient environmental determinants of pediatric sleep is essential for informing interventions and public health initiatives. Emerging evidence suggests that the neighborhood environment can impact pediatric sleep, but this evidence has not yet been systematically reviewed. We conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature on associations between neighborhood environments and sleep in young children (0-5 y), school-aged children (6-12 y) and adolescents (13-18 y). We reviewed 85 articles published between 2003 and 2020. The most commonly examined neighborhood exposure was low socioeconomic status (40 studies), which was associated with sleep outcomes in 58% of studies (primarily shorter sleep duration, later sleep timing, or obstructive sleep apnea). Evidence was stronger for neighborhood safety/crime/violence (21 studies), with 86% of studies reporting associations with sleep outcomes (primarily self- or caregiver-reported sleep problems). Fewer studies examined associations of neighborhood physical environment exposures, including noise (15 studies), the built environment (seven studies), and air pollution (six studies). Limitations of the current body of evidence include 1) limited examination of neighborhood exposures other than socioeconomic status or safety, 2) use of primarily cross-sectional observational study designs, 3) lack of objective sleep outcome assessment, and 4) limits of current exposure assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Mayne
- The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; The Possibilities Project, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Jonathan A Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Senbagam Virudachalam
- The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Alexander G Fiks
- The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; The Possibilities Project, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ariel A Williamson
- The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; PolicyLab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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Williamson AA, Gould R, Leichman ES, Walters RM, Mindell JA. Socioeconomic disadvantage and sleep in early childhood: Real-world data from a mobile health application. Sleep Health 2021; 7:143-152. [PMID: 33678602 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether increased socioeconomic disadvantage, indexed using a measure of community distress, was associated with variation in caregiver-reported early childhood sleep patterns and problems in a large US sample using a mobile health application (app). DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Data were collected using the free, publicly available Johnson's Bedtime© baby sleep app. PARTICIPANTS A total of 14,980 caregivers (85.1% mothers) of children ages 6-35.9 months (M = 13.88 months; 52.6% boys) participated in this study. MEASURES Caregivers reported on child sleep using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised. Socioeconomic disadvantage was indexed by zip code using the Distressed Communities Index (DCI), which combines seven US census indicators of socioeconomic disadvantage. DCI scores range from prosperous (lowest quintile) to distressed (highest quintile). RESULTS Socioeconomic disadvantage was significantly associated with later bedtimes, longer sleep onset latency, and shorter nighttime and 24-hour (total) sleep duration, with children living in distressed communities showing the poorest sleep. However, caregivers living in distressed communities reported a significantly lower prevalence of overall child sleep problems (43% vs 58% in prosperous communities), and more confidence in managing child sleep (42% vs 34% in prosperous communities). CONCLUSIONS Children living in the most distressed communities have the poorest reported sleep patterns and bedtime behaviors; however, their caregivers are less likely to report problematic child sleep. These findings highlight the need for community-level sleep health promotion interventions, as well as further investigation of caregiver perceptions about child sleep and sleep health promotion among families living in socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A Williamson
- Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Russell Gould
- Johnson & Johnson Consumer Health, Skillman, New Jersey, USA
| | - Erin S Leichman
- Department of Psychology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jodi A Mindell
- Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Psychology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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