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Tiwari P, Thakkar S, Dufossé L. Antimicrobials from endophytes as novel therapeutics to counter drug-resistant pathogens. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38710617 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2342979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The rapid increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) projects a "global emergency" and necessitates a need to discover alternative resources for combating drug-resistant pathogens or "superbugs." One of the key themes in "One Health Concept" is based on the fact that the interconnected network of humans, the environment, and animal habitats majorly contribute to the rapid selection and spread of AMR. Moreover, the injudicious and overuse of antibiotics in healthcare, the environment, and associated disciplines, further aggravates the concern. The prevalence and persistence of AMR contribute to the global economic burden and are constantly witnessing an upsurge due to fewer therapeutic options, rising mortality statistics, and expensive healthcare. The present decade has witnessed the extensive exploration and utilization of bio-based resources in harnessing antibiotics of potential efficacies. The discovery and characterization of diverse chemical entities from endophytes as potent antimicrobials define an important yet less-explored area in natural product-mediated drug discovery. Endophytes-produced antimicrobials show potent efficacies in targeting microbial pathogens and synthetic biology (SB) mediated engineering of endophytes for yield enhancement, forms a prospective area of research. In keeping with the urgent requirements for new/novel antibiotics and growing concerns about pathogenic microbes and AMR, this paper comprehensively reviews emerging trends, prospects, and challenges of antimicrobials from endophytes and their effective production via SB. This literature review would serve as the platform for further exploration of novel bioactive entities from biological organisms as "novel therapeutics" to address AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shreya Thakkar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire CHEMBIOPRO (Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels), ESIROI Département agroalimentaire, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
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2
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Li D, Jin XH, Li Y, Wang YC, He HY, Zhang HB. Fungal communities associated with early immature tubers of wild Gastrodia elata. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11004. [PMID: 38389997 PMCID: PMC10881901 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Full myco-heterotrophic orchid Gastrodia elata Bl. is widely distributed in Northeast Asia, and previous research has not fully investigated the symbiotic fungal community of its early immature tubers. This study utilized Illumina sequencing to compare symbiotic fungal communities in natural G. elata immature tubers and their habitats. LEfSe (Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size) was used to screen for Biomarkers that could explain variations among different fungal communities, and correlation analyses were performed among Biomarkers and other common orchid mycorrhizal fungi. Our results illustrate that the symbiotic fungal communities of immature G. elata tubers cannot be simply interpreted as subsets of the environmental fungal communities because some key members cannot be traced back to the environment. The early growth of G. elata was related to a small group of fungi, such as Sebacina, Thelephora, and Inocybe, which were also common mycorrhizal fungi from other orchids. In addition, Mycena, Auricularia, and Cryptococcus were unique fungal partners of G. elata, and many new species have yet to be discovered. Possible symbiotic Mycena should be M. plumipes and its sibling species in this case. Our results provide insight into the symbiotic partner switch and trophic pattern change during the development and maturation of G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University Kunming China
| | - Xiao-Han Jin
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University Kunming China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Gastrodia Tuber Research Institute of Zhaotong Zhaotong China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- The Agriculture and Life Sciences College Zhaotong University Zhaotong China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia elata and Fungus Symbiotic Biology Zhaotong China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Kunming China
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Tian F, Wang JC, Bai XX, Yang YB, Huang L, Liao XF. Symbiotic seed germination and seedling growth of mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum hirsutissimun (Lindl.Ex Hook.) Stein from China. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2293405. [PMID: 38104263 PMCID: PMC10730140 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2293405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Similar to other orchid species, Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindl.ex Hook.) Stein, relies on nutrients provided by mycorrhizal fungus for seed germination and seedling development in the wild owing to a lack of endosperm in its seeds. Therefore, obtaining suitable and specialized fungi to enhance seed germination, seedling formation, and further development is considered a powerful tool for orchid seedling propagation, reintroduction, and species conservation. In this study, we investigated the diversity, abundance, and frequency of endophytic fungal strains in the root organs of P. hirsutissimum. One family and five genera of the fungi were isolated and identified through rDNA-ITS sequencing. The ability of isolated fungi to germinate in vitro from the seeds of this species was evaluated, and the development of P. hirsutissimum protocorm has been described. The findings showed that the treatments inoculated with endophytic fungal DYXY033 may successfully support the advanced developmental stage of seedlings up to stage 5. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the mycelium of this strain began to invade from either end of the seeds up to the embryo, extending rapidly from the inside to the outside. Its lengthening resulted in the bursting of the seed coat to form protocorms, which developed into seedlings. The results showed that DYXY033 has a high degree of mycobiont specificity under in vitro symbiotic seed germination conditions and is a representative mycorrhizal fungus with ecological value for the species. In summary, this strain may particularly be significant for the protection of P. hirsutissimum species that are endangered in China. In the long run, it may also contribute to global efforts in reintroducing orchid species and in realizing in situ restorations of threatened orchid populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tian
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun-Cai Wang
- Advanced Technology and Materials Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin-Xiang Bai
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan-Bing Yang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lang Huang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Liao
- Advanced Technology and Materials Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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4
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Chua RW, Song KP, Ting ASY. Characterization and identification of antimicrobial compounds from endophytic Fusarium incarnatum isolated from Cymbidium orchids. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00442-1. [PMID: 37975992 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized and identified the antimicrobial compounds from an endophytic fungus (Fusarium incarnatum (C4)) isolated from the orchid, Cymbidium sp. Chromatographic techniques were employed to separate the bioactive compounds from the crude extracts of F. incarnatum (C4). Following bio-guided fractionation, two fractionated extracts (fractions 1 and 2) of F. incarnatum (C4) exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activities against Bacillus cereus (MIC: 0.156 mg/mL) and Ganoderma boninense (MIC: 0.3125 mg/mL), respectively. The active fractions were discovered to comprise of a variety of bioactive compounds with pharmacological importance (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, peptides and fatty acids). Liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (LCMS) analysis detected the presence of antibacterial (kanzonol N, rifaximin, linoleic acid (d4), cannabisativine, docosanedioic acid, and stearamide) and antifungal components (3-methyl-quinolin-2-ol, prothiocarb, kanzonol N, peganine, 5Z-tridecene, and tetronasin) in fractions 1 and 2, respectively, which may have contributed to the antimicrobial effects. Findings from this study highlighted the important potential of fungal endophytes from medicinal hosts as producers of antimicrobials and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wei Chua
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keang Peng Song
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adeline Su Yien Ting
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Amr K, Ibrahim N, Elissawy AM, Singab ANB. Unearthing the fungal endophyte Aspergillus terreus for chemodiversity and medicinal prospects: a comprehensive review. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2023; 10:6. [PMID: 36966331 PMCID: PMC10040139 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-023-00153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus terreus microorganism represents a promising prospective source for drug discovery since it is rich in diverse kinds of bioactive secondary metabolites. It contributed to many biotechnological applications and its metabolites are used in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals and food products, in addition to its useful uses in fermentation processes. There are about 346 compounds identified from marine and terrestrial-derived A. terreus from 1987 until 2022, 172 compounds of them proved a vast array of bioactivity. This review aimed to create an up-to-date comprehensive literature data of A. terreus's secondary metabolites classes supported by its different bioactivity data to be a scientific record for the next work in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Amr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street 1, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nehal Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street 1, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street 1, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street 1, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street 1, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street 1, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Elmaidomy AH, Shady NH, Abdeljawad KM, Elzamkan MB, Helmy HH, Tarshan EA, Adly AN, Hussien YH, Sayed NG, Zayed A, Abdelmohsen UR. Antimicrobial potentials of natural products against multidrug resistance pathogens: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29078-29102. [PMID: 36320761 PMCID: PMC9558262 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the critical issues, describing a significant social health complication globally. Hence, the discovery of novel antibiotics has acquired an increased attention particularly against drug-resistant pathogens. Natural products have served as potent therapeutics against pathogenic bacteria since the glorious age of antibiotics of the mid 20th century. This review outlines the various mechanistic candidates for dealing with multi-drug resistant pathogens and explores the terrestrial phytochemicals isolated from plants, lichens, insects, animals, fungi, bacteria, mushrooms, and minerals with reported antimicrobial activity, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. Moreover, newly established tools are presented, including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, bacteriophages, nanoparticles, and bacteriocins, supporting the progress of effective antibiotics to address the emergence of antibiotic-resistant infectious bacteria. Therefore, the current article may uncover promising drug candidates that can be used in drug discovery in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62511 Egypt
| | - Nourhan Hisham Shady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | | | | | - Hussein Hykel Helmy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Emad Ashour Tarshan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Abanoub Nabil Adly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | | | - Nesma Gamal Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Elguish Street (Medical Campus) Tanta 31527 Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 Kaiserslautern 67663 Germany
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone New Minia 61111 Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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Jayasekara LACB, Poonsawad A, Watchaputi K, Wattanachaisaereekul S, Soontorngun N. Media optimization of antimicrobial activity production and beta-glucan content of endophytic fungi Xylaria sp. BCC 1067. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 35:e00742. [PMID: 35677324 PMCID: PMC9168064 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Xylaria is an untapped resource for natural product discovery. Xylaria mycelial extract contains antimicrobials and immunomodulator beta-glucan. Achieved high mycelial biomass and antifungal activity using media-type selection. Media replacement approach lowers cultivation time and enhances bioactivity. Additive effect of mycelial extract and salicylic or citric acid against P. acne.
Fungi is a notable asset for drug discovery and production of pharmaceuticals; however, slow growth and poor product yields have hindered industrial utilization. Here, the mycelial biomass of Xylaria sp. BCC 1067 was examined in parallel with the assessment of antimicrobial properties by using media-type selection. To enhance both mycelial content and antifungal activity, the media replacement approach was successfully applied to stimulate fungal growth and successively switched to poorer malt-peptone extract media for metabolite production. This simple optimization reduced fungal cultivation time by 7 days and yielded 4-fold increased mycelial mass (32.59 g/L), with approximately 3-fold increased antifungal activity against the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. A high level of β-glucan (115.84 mg/g of cell dry weight) and additive antibacterial effect against Propionibacterium acnes were also reported. This simple strategy of culture media optimization allows for investigation of novel and rich source of health-promoting substances for effective microbial utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. A. Channa Bhathiya Jayasekara
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Attaporn Poonsawad
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Kwanrutai Watchaputi
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | | | - Nitnipa Soontorngun
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
- Corresponding author.
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8
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TIAN C, WANG K, ZHANG X, LI G, LOU HX. Old fusidane-type antibiotics for new challenges: Chemistry and biology. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:81-101. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Galindo-Solís JM, Fernández FJ. Endophytic Fungal Terpenoids: Natural Role and Bioactivities. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020339. [PMID: 35208794 PMCID: PMC8875210 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a highly diverse group of fungi that intermittently colonize all plants without causing symptoms of the disease. They sense and respond to physiological and environmental changes of their host plant and microbiome. The inter-organism interactions are largely driven by chemical networks mediated by specialized metabolites. The balance of these complex interactions leads to healthy and strong host plants. Endophytic strains have particular machinery to produce a plethora of secondary metabolites with a variety of bioactivities and unknown functions in an ecological niche. Terpenoids play a key role in endophytism and represent an important source of bioactive molecules for human health and agriculture. In this review, we describe the role of endophytic fungi in plant health, fungal terpenoids in multiple interactions, and bioactive fungal terpenoids recently reported from endophytes, mainly from plants used in traditional medicine, as well as from algae and mangroves. Additionally, we highlight endophytic fungi as producers of important chemotherapeutic terpenoids, initially discovered in plants. Despite advances in understanding endophytism, we still have much to learn in this field. The study of the role, the evolution of interactions of endophytic fungi and their terpenoids provide an opportunity for better applications in human health and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Galindo-Solís
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City CP 09340, Mexico;
| | - Francisco J. Fernández
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico City CP 09340, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(55)-5804-6453
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10
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Fungal diversity notes 1512-1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. FUNGAL DIVERS 2022; 117:1-272. [PMID: 36852303 PMCID: PMC9948003 DOI: 10.1007/s13225-022-00513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination. The 59 new species comprise Angustimassarina kunmingense, Asterina lopi, Asterina brigadeirensis, Bartalinia bidenticola, Bartalinia caryotae, Buellia pruinocalcarea, Coltricia insularis, Colletotrichum flexuosum, Colletotrichum thasutense, Coniochaeta caraganae, Coniothyrium yuccicola, Dematipyriforma aquatic, Dematipyriforma globispora, Dematipyriforma nilotica, Distoseptispora bambusicola, Fulvifomes jawadhuvensis, Fulvifomes malaiyanurensis, Fulvifomes thiruvannamalaiensis, Fusarium purpurea, Gerronema atrovirens, Gerronema flavum, Gerronema keralense, Gerronema kuruvense, Grammothele taiwanensis, Hongkongmyces changchunensis, Hypoxylon inaequale, Kirschsteiniothelia acutisporum, Kirschsteiniothelia crustaceum, Kirschsteiniothelia extensum, Kirschsteiniothelia septemseptatum, Kirschsteiniothelia spatiosum, Lecanora immersocalcarea, Lepiota subthailandica, Lindgomyces guizhouensis, Marthe asmius pallidoaurantiacus, Marasmius tangerinus, Neovaginatispora mangiferae, Pararamichloridium aquisubtropicum, Pestalotiopsis piraubensis, Phacidium chinaum, Phaeoisaria goiasensis, Phaeoseptum thailandicum, Pleurothecium aquisubtropicum, Pseudocercospora vernoniae, Pyrenophora verruculosa, Rhachomyces cruralis, Rhachomyces hyperommae, Rhachomyces magrinii, Rhachomyces platyprosophi, Rhizomarasmius cunninghamietorum, Skeletocutis cangshanensis, Skeletocutis subchrysella, Sporisorium anadelphiae-leptocomae, Tetraploa dashaoensis, Tomentella exiguelata, Tomentella fuscoaraneosa, Tricholomopsis lechatii, Vaginatispora flavispora and Wetmoreana blastidiocalcarea. The new combination is Torula sundara. The 39 new records on hosts and geographical distribution comprise Apiospora guiyangensis, Aplosporella artocarpi, Ascochyta medicaginicola, Astrocystis bambusicola, Athelia rolfsii, Bambusicola bambusae, Bipolaris luttrellii, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Chlorophyllum squamulosum, Colletotrichum aeschynomenes, Colletotrichum pandanicola, Coprinopsis cinerea, Corylicola italica, Curvularia alcornii, Curvularia senegalensis, Diaporthe foeniculina, Diaporthe longicolla, Diaporthe phaseolorum, Diatrypella quercina, Fusarium brachygibbosum, Helicoma aquaticum, Lepiota metulispora, Lepiota pongduadensis, Lepiota subvenenata, Melanconiella meridionalis, Monotosporella erecta, Nodulosphaeria digitalis, Palmiascoma gregariascomum, Periconia byssoides, Periconia cortaderiae, Pleopunctum ellipsoideum, Psilocybe keralensis, Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium dehoogii, Scedosporium marina, Spegazzinia deightonii, Torula fici, Wiesneriomyces laurinus and Xylaria venosula. All these taxa are supported by morphological and multigene phylogenetic analyses. This article allows the researchers to publish fungal collections which are important for future studies. An updated, accurate and timely report of fungus-host and fungus-geography is important. We also provide an updated list of fungal taxa published in the previous fungal diversity notes. In this list, erroneous taxa and synonyms are marked and corrected accordingly.
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11
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Charria-Girón E, Espinosa MC, Zapata-Montoya A, Méndez MJ, Caicedo JP, Dávalos AF, Ferro BE, Vasco-Palacios AM, Caicedo NH. Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts Obtained From Cultivation of Native Endophytic Fungi Belonging to a Tropical Montane Rainforest in Colombia. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:716523. [PMID: 34603244 PMCID: PMC8485978 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.716523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive secondary metabolite production from endophytic fungi has gained a recurring research focus in recent decades as these microorganisms represent an unexplored biological niche for their diverse biotechnological potential. Despite this focus, studies involving tropical endophytes remain scarce, particularly those isolated from medicinal plants of these ecosystems. In addition, the state of the art of the pharmaceutical industry has experienced stagnation in the past 30years, which has pushed pathogenic infections to get one step ahead, resulting in the development of resistance to existing treatments. Here, five fungal endophytes were isolated from the medicinal plant Otoba gracilipes (Myristicaceae), which corresponded to the genera Xylaria and Diaporthe, and screened to demonstrate the promissory potential of these microorganisms for producing bioactive secondary metabolites with broad-spectrum antibacterial activities. Thus, the evaluation of crude organic extracts obtained from the mycelia and exhaust medium allowed the elucidation of Xylaria sp. and Diaporthe endophytica potential toward providing crude extracellular extracts with promising bioactivities against reference strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), according to the determined half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) with values down to 3.91 and 10.50mg/ml against each pathogen, respectively. Follow-up studies provided insights into the polarity nature of bioactive compounds in the crude extracts through bioactivity guided fractionation using a polymeric resin absorbent alternative extraction procedure. In addition, evaluation of the co-culturing methods demonstrated how this strategy can enhance endophytes biosynthetic capacity and improve their antibacterial potential with a 10-fold decrease in the IC50 values against both pathogens compared to the obtained values in the preliminary evaluations of Xylaria sp. and D. endophytica crude extracts. These results support the potential of Colombian native biodiversity to provide new approaches concerning the global emergence of antibiotics resistance and future production of undiscovered compounds different from the currently used antibiotics classes and simultaneously call for the value of preserving native habitats due to their promising ecosystemic applications in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Charria-Girón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - María C Espinosa
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Andrea Zapata-Montoya
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - María J Méndez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Juan P Caicedo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Andrés F Dávalos
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Beatriz E Ferro
- Departamento de Salud Pública y Medicina Comunitaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Aida M Vasco-Palacios
- Grupo de Microbiología Ambiental - BioMicro, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia.,Asociación Colombiana de Micología (ASCOLMIC), Medellin, Colombia
| | - Nelson H Caicedo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.,Centro BioInc, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
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12
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Rajulu MBG, Suryanarayanan TS, Murali TS, Thirunavukkarasu N, Venkatesan G. Minor species of foliar fungal endophyte communities: do they matter? Mycol Prog 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-021-01740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Wu G, Dentinger BTM, Nielson JR, Peterson RT, Winter JM. Emerimicins V-X, 15-Residue Peptaibols Discovered from an Acremonium sp. through Integrated Genomic and Chemical Approaches. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1113-1126. [PMID: 33617244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fermentation of Acremonium tubakii W. Gams isolated from a soil sample collected from the University of Utah led to the isolation and characterization of six new linear pentadecapeptides, emerimicins V-X (1-6). Peptaibols containing 15-residues are quite rare, with only 22 reported. Genome mining and bioinformatic analysis were used to identify the emerimicin 60 kbp eme biosynthetic cluster harboring a single 16-module hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptide synthetase. A detailed bioinformatic investigation of the corresponding 15 adenylation domains, combined with 1D and 2D NMR experiments, LC-MS/MS data, and advanced Marfey's method, allowed for the elucidation and absolute configuration of all proteinogenic and nonproteinogenic amino acid residues in 1-6. As some peptaibols possess cytotoxic activity, a zebrafish embryotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the toxicity of the six emerimicins and showed that emerimicin V (1) and VI (2) exhibit the most potent activity. Additionally, out of the six emerimicins, 1 displayed modest activity against Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with MIC values of 64, 32, and 64 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Bryn T M Dentinger
- Natural History Museum of Utah & School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, United States
| | - Jason R Nielson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jaclyn M Winter
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Peeters KJ, Audenaert K, Höfte M. Survival of the fittest: how the rice microbial community forces Sarocladium oryzae into pathogenicity. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6034012. [PMID: 33316039 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) causes rice sheath rot and produces the phytotoxins cerulenin and helvolic acid. Both toxins show antimicrobial activity but only helvolic acid production in the rice sheath correlates with virulence. Sarocladium oryzae isolates that differ in their toxin production were used to study their interaction with the rice culturable bacterial endophyte community. The diversity and community structure was defined in the edge of sheath rot lesions, followed by a null model-based co-occurrence analysis to discover pairwise interactions. Non-random pairs were co-cultured to study the nature of the interactions and the role of the toxins herein. Compared to healthy sheaths, endophyte diversity strongly increased when infected with the least virulent S. oryzae isolates producing low amounts of toxins. Virulent S. oryzae isolates did not affect diversity but caused strong shifts in species composition. The endophyte community of healthy rice plants was dominated by B. cereus. This bacterium was enriched in lesions produced by low-virulent S. oryzae isolates and caused hyphal lysis. Contrarily, helvolic acid producers eliminated this bacterium from the sheath endosphere. We conclude that S. oryzae needs to produce antibiotics to defend itself against antagonistic rice endophytes to successfully colonize and infect the rice sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Peeters
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Audenaert
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Höfte
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Fungal Endophytes from Orchidaceae: Diversity and Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Baranova AA, Alferova VA, Korshun VA, Tyurin AP. Antibiotics from Extremophilic Micromycetes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020; 46:903-971. [PMID: 33390684 PMCID: PMC7768999 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020060023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Extremophilic microorganisms, which are capable of functioning normally at extremely high or low temperatures, pressure, and in other environmental conditions, have been in the focus of microbiologists' attention for several decades due to the biotechnological potential of enzymes inherent in extremophiles. These enzymes (also called extremozymes) are used in the production of food and detergents and other industries. At the same time, the inhabitants of extreme econiches remained almost unexplored for a long time in terms of the chemistry of natural compounds. In recent years, the emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogens, which affect humans and animals has become a global problem. The problem is compounded by a strong slowdown in the development of new antibiotics. In search of new active substances and scaffolds for medical chemistry, researchers turn to unexplored natural sources. In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the number of studies on secondary metabolites produced by extremophiles. From the discovery of penicillin to the present day, micromycetes, along with actinobacteria, are one of the most productive sources of antibiotic compounds for medicine and agriculture. Many authors consider extremophilic micromycetes as a promising source of small molecules with an unusual mechanism of action or significant structural novelty. This review summarizes the latest (for 2018-2019) experimental data on antibiotic compounds, which are produced by extremophilic micromycetes with various types of adaptation. Active metabolites are classified by the type of structure and biosynthetic origin. The data on the biological activity of the isolated metabolites are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Baranova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021 Moscow, Russia
| | - V. A. Alferova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021 Moscow, Russia
- National Research University, Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - V. A. Korshun
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- National Research University, Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - A. P. Tyurin
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021 Moscow, Russia
- National Research University, Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Genome-Inspired Chemical Exploration of Marine Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus MF071. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070352. [PMID: 32640519 PMCID: PMC7401266 DOI: 10.3390/md18070352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus MF071, isolated from sediment collected from the Bohai Sea, China, yielded two new compounds 19S,20-epoxy-18-oxotryprostatin A (1) and 20-hydroxy-18-oxotryprostatin A (2), in addition to 28 known compounds (3-30). The chemical structures were established on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic data. This is the first report on NMR data of monomethylsulochrin-4-sulphate (4) and pseurotin H (10) as naturally occurring compounds. Compounds 15, 16, 20, 23, and 30 displayed weak antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration: 100 μg/mL). Compounds 18 and 19 exhibited strong activity against S. aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration: 6.25 and 3.13 μg/mL, respectively) and E. coli (minimum inhibitory concentration: 6.25 and 3.13 μg/mL, respectively). A genomic data analysis revealed the putative biosynthetic gene clusters ftm for fumitremorgins, pso for pseurotins, fga for fumigaclavines, and hel for helvolinic acid. These putative biosynthetic gene clusters fundamentally underpinned the enzymatic and mechanistic function study for the biosynthesis of these compounds. The current study reported two new compounds and biosynthetic gene clusters of fumitremorgins, pseurotins, fumigaclavines and helvolinic acid from Aspergillus fumigatus MF071.
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18
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Zaman KAU, Hu Z, Wu X, Hou S, Saito J, Kondratyuk TP, Pezzuto JM, Cao S. NF-κB Inhibitory and Antibacterial Helvolic and Fumagillin Derivatives from Aspergillus terreus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:730-737. [PMID: 32163285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two new helvolic acid analogues (1 and 2) and one new fumagillin derivative containing an octahydroisobenzofuran moiety (3), together with four known compounds (4-7), were isolated from an Aspergillus terreus, isolated from soil collected from Mauna Kea, the highest mountain in Hawaii. Compound 4 was recorded in SciFinder with a CAS Registry Number of 1379525-35-5, but it was not documented in the cited reference (ACS Chem. Biol. 2012, 7, 137). The structures of compounds 1-4 were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and HRMS and ECD analysis. Compounds 5 and 6 showed significant inhibitory activity against NF-κB with IC50 values of 2.7 ± 2.6 and 6.5 ± 0.8 μM, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were active against S. aureus with MICs of 6.25 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively, while compound 5 inhibited E. coli with an MIC of 3.12 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kh Ahammad Uz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Zhenquan Hu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Shaobin Hou
- Advanced Studies in Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics (ASGPB), University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Jennifer Saito
- Advanced Studies in Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics (ASGPB), University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Tamara P Kondratyuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - John M Pezzuto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
- Arnold & Mary Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, 75 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11201-5497, United States
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
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19
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Peeters KJ, Haeck A, Harinck L, Afolabi OO, Demeestere K, Audenaert K, Höfte M. Morphological, Pathogenic and Toxigenic Variability in the Rice Sheath Rot Pathogen Sarocladium Oryzae. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12020109. [PMID: 32046323 PMCID: PMC7076777 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheath rot is an emerging rice disease that leads to considerable yield losses. The main causal agent is the fungus Sarocladium oryzae. This pathogen is known to produce the toxins cerulenin and helvolic acid, but their role in pathogenicity has not been clearly established. S. oryzea isolates from different rice-producing regions can be grouped into three phylogenetic lineages. When grown in vitro, isolates from these lineages differed in growth rate, colour and in the ability to form sectors. A diverse selection of isolates from Rwanda and Nigeria, representing these lineages, were used to further study their pathogenicity and toxin production. Liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis was used to measure cerulenin and helvolic acid production in vitro and in planta. The three lineages clearly differed in pathogenicity on the japonica cultivar Kitaake. Isolates from the least pathogenic lineage produced the highest levels of cerulenin in vitro. Helvolic acid production was not correlated with the lineage. Sectorisation was observed in isolates from the two least pathogenic lineages and resulted in a loss of helvolic acid production. In planta, only the production of helvolic acid, but not of cerulenin, correlated strongly with disease severity. The most pathogenic isolates all belonged to one lineage. They were phenotypically stable, shown by the lack of sectorisation, and therefore maintained high helvolic acid production in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaat José Peeters
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.J.P.); (O.O.A.)
| | - Ashley Haeck
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.H.); (L.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Lies Harinck
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.H.); (L.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Oluwatoyin Oluwakemi Afolabi
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.J.P.); (O.O.A.)
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (A.H.); (L.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Kris Audenaert
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Monica Höfte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.J.P.); (O.O.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9264-6017
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20
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Sisti LS, Flores-Borges DNA, de Andrade SAL, Koehler S, Bonatelli ML, Mayer JLS. The Role of Non-Mycorrhizal Fungi in Germination of the Mycoheterotrophic Orchid Pogoniopsis schenckii Cogn. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1589. [PMID: 31850049 PMCID: PMC6896934 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are those that inhabit within organs and tissues without causing damage, while mycorrhizal fungi develop hyphal complexes called pelotons within cortical cells of orchid roots. Although abundant and frequent in all plant organs, the role of endophytic fungi has been neglected in relation to orchid's early development. Pogoniopsis schenckii Cogn. is an aclorophyllated and mycoheterotrophic (MH) orchid. This study aimed at i) investigating the endophytic fungal community in organs of P. schenckii and its mycorrhizal fungi associated; ii) evaluating the ability of isolated fungus in the in vitro germination of the seeds of the species, and iii) describing the development of P. schenckii protocorm, analyzing the ultrastructure of the infected cells. Six genera of fungi were isolated and identified through the partial sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region, all belonging to the phylum Ascomycota. Also, Tulasnellaceae was identified through uncultured technique as potentially mycorrhizal in this MH orchid. Some isolates of the genera Trichoderma, Fusarium, and especially Clonostachys presented germinative potential on P. schenckii seeds, causing rupture of the external tegument. The protocorms showed complete absence of peloton formation, but fungal hyphae were clearly observed within living cells. This is the first report of germination of a MH and aclorophyllated orchid species stimulated by the presence of non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi isolated from fruits and roots of the same species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Soêmis Sisti
- Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Adrián López de Andrade
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Samantha Koehler
- Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria Letícia Bonatelli
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Department of Genetics, College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz,” University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lischka Sampaio Mayer
- Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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21
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Adeoyo OR, Pletschke BI, Dames JF. Molecular identification and antibacterial properties of an ericoid associated mycorrhizal fungus. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:178. [PMID: 31382879 PMCID: PMC6683547 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The quest for novel sources of antibacterial compounds have necessitated the inclusion of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ERM) commonly found within the root of ericaceous plants. Agar-well diffusion method was used to detect antibacterial activity and was followed by the microbroth diffusion method [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)]. Results The results of the phytochemical screening indicated that only alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, cardiac glycosides and terpenoids were present, while steroids and tannins were absent. The MIC of the extracts ranged between 2 and 16 mg/mL, and the lowest MIC was obtained with Staphylococcus aureus. Also, the result of the MBC study indicated that the fungal extract was most active at concentrations of 2 and 4 mg/mL against Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus, respectively. Conclusions This bioassay showed, for the first time, antibacterial activity of L. incrustata against some bacterial species. Subsequently, ERM fungi should be given attention when searching for antimicrobial agents because they could provide a solution to solve problems associated with conventional disease treatments (i.e. pathogenic microorganisms resistance).
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Affiliation(s)
- O R Adeoyo
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, Adekune Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, P.M.B. 001, Nigeria
| | - B I Pletschke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - J F Dames
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.
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22
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Endophytic Fungi: Biodiversity, Ecological Significance, and Potential Industrial Applications. RECENT ADVANCEMENT IN WHITE BIOTECHNOLOGY THROUGH FUNGI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10480-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Diversity, Ecology, and Significance of Fungal Endophytes. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90484-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Chen K, Yuan Y, Wang Z, Song D, Zhao J, Cao Z, Chen J, Guo Q, Chen L, Tickner J, Xu J. Helvolic acid attenuates osteoclast formation and function via suppressing RANKL‐induced NFATc1 activation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6477-6488. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Yu Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Dezhi Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Guangxi China
- International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissues, Guangxi Medical University Guangxi China
| | - Zhen Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science Third Military Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Junhao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Qiang Guo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
- Department of Spine Surgery Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
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25
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Williams DE, Gunasekara NW, Ratnaweera PB, Zheng Z, Ellis S, Dada S, Patrick BO, Wijesundera RLC, Nanayakkara CM, Jefferies WA, de Silva ED, Andersen RJ. Serpulanines A to C, N-Oxidized Tyrosine Derivatives Isolated from the Sri Lankan Fungus Serpula sp.: Structure Elucidation, Synthesis, and Histone Deacetylase Inhibition. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:78-84. [PMID: 29303267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Serpulanines A (1), B (2), and C (3) have been isolated from extracts of the rare Sri Lankan macrofungus Serpula sp. The structures of 1, 2, and 3 were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Serpulanines A (1) and B (2) both contain the rare (E)-2-hydroxyimino hydroxamic acid functional group array. A proposed biogenesis for serpulanine B (2) suggests that its (E)-2-hydroxyimino hydroxamic acid moiety arises from a diketopiperazine precursor. Synthetic serpulanine A (1) inhibited class I/II histone deacetylases in murine metastatic lung carcinoma cells with an IC50 of 7 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Niranjan W Gunasekara
- Departments of Chemistry and Plant Science, University of Colombo , Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Pamoda B Ratnaweera
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
- Departments of Chemistry and Plant Science, University of Colombo , Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
- Department of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University , Badulla, Sri Lanka
| | - Zehua Zheng
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Samantha Ellis
- The Michael Smith Laboratories; Vancouver Prostate Centre; Departments of Medical Genetics, Microbiology & Immunology, and Zoology; and The Centre for Blood Research and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Dada
- The Michael Smith Laboratories; Vancouver Prostate Centre; Departments of Medical Genetics, Microbiology & Immunology, and Zoology; and The Centre for Blood Research and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Ravi L C Wijesundera
- Departments of Chemistry and Plant Science, University of Colombo , Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Wilfred A Jefferies
- The Michael Smith Laboratories; Vancouver Prostate Centre; Departments of Medical Genetics, Microbiology & Immunology, and Zoology; and The Centre for Blood Research and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E Dilip de Silva
- Departments of Chemistry and Plant Science, University of Colombo , Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
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26
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Bignell E, Cairns TC, Throckmorton K, Nierman WC, Keller NP. Secondary metabolite arsenal of an opportunistic pathogenic fungus. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2016.0023. [PMID: 28080993 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a versatile fungus able to successfully exploit diverse environments from mammalian lungs to agricultural waste products. Among its many fitness attributes are dozens of genetic loci containing biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) producing bioactive small molecules (often referred to as secondary metabolites or natural products) that provide growth advantages to the fungus dependent on environment. Here we summarize the current knowledge of these BGCs-18 of which can be named to product-their expression profiles in vivo, and which BGCs may enhance virulence of this opportunistic human pathogen. Furthermore, we find extensive evidence for the presence of many of these BGCs, or similar BGCs, in distantly related genera including the emerging pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of white-nose syndrome in bats, and suggest such BGCs may be predictive of pathogenic potential in other fungi.This article is part of the themed issue 'Tackling emerging fungal threats to animal health, food security and ecosystem resilience'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Bignell
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, 2.24 Core Technology Facility, Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - Timothy C Cairns
- Department of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Berlin University of Technology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kurt Throckmorton
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA, .,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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A Dereplication and Bioguided Discovery Approach to Reveal New Compounds from a Marine-Derived Fungus Stilbella fimetaria. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15080253. [PMID: 28805711 PMCID: PMC5577607 DOI: 10.3390/md15080253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A marine-derived Stilbella fimetaria fungal strain was screened for new bioactive compounds based on two different approaches: (i) bio-guided approach using cytotoxicity and antimicrobial bioassays; and (ii) dereplication based approach using liquid chromatography with both diode array detection and high resolution mass spectrometry. This led to the discovery of several bioactive compound families with different biosynthetic origins, including pimarane-type diterpenoids and hybrid polyketide-non ribosomal peptide derived compounds. Prefractionation before bioassay screening proved to be a great aid in the dereplication process, since separate fractions displaying different bioactivities allowed a quick tentative identification of known antimicrobial compounds and of potential new analogues. A new pimarane-type diterpene, myrocin F, was discovered in trace amounts and displayed cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines. Further media optimization led to increased production followed by the purification and bioactivity screening of several new and known pimarane-type diterpenoids. A known broad-spectrum antifungal compound, ilicicolin H, was purified along with two new analogues, hydroxyl-ilicicolin H and ilicicolin I, and their antifungal activity was evaluated.
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The Fungal Endobiome of Medicinal Plants: A Prospective Source of Bioactive Metabolites. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF THE WORLD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5978-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Macías-Rubalcava ML, Sánchez-Fernández RE. Secondary metabolites of endophytic Xylaria species with potential applications in medicine and agriculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 33:15. [PMID: 27896581 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are important sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. The genus Xylaria Hill (ex Schrank, 1789, Xylariaceae) comprises various endophytic species associated to both vascular and non vascular plants. The secondary metabolites produced by Xylaria species include a variety of volatile and non-volatile compounds. Examples of the former are sesquiterpenoids, esters, and alcohols, among others; and of the latter we find terpenoids, cytochalasins, mellein, alkaloids, polyketides, and aromatic compounds. Some of these metabolites have shown potential activity as herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides; others possess antibacterial, antimalarial, and antifungal activities, or α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Thus metabolites from Xylaria are promising compounds for applications in agriculture for plague control as biopesticides, and biocontrol agents; and in medicine, for example as drugs for the treatment of infectious and non-infectious diseases. This review seeks to show the great value of the secondary metabolites of Xylaria, particularly in the agriculture and medicine fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lydia Macías-Rubalcava
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 4510, Delegación Coyoacán, Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Elvira Sánchez-Fernández
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 4510, Delegación Coyoacán, Mexico, Mexico
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Xiao JH, Zhang Y, Liang GY, Liu RM, Li XG, Zhang LT, Chen DX, Zhong JJ. Synergistic antitumor efficacy of antibacterial helvolic acid from Cordyceps taii and cyclophosphamide in a tumor mouse model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:214-222. [PMID: 27604096 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216668051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial agent helvolic acid, which was isolated from the active antitumor fraction of Cordyceps taii, showed potent cytotoxicity against different human cancer cells. In the present study, the in vivo antitumor effect of helvolic acid was investigated in murine sarcoma S180 tumor-bearing mice. Doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day helvolic acid did not exert significant antitumor activity. Interestingly, co-administration of 10 mg/kg/day helvolic acid and 20 mg/kg/day cyclophosphamide (CTX) - a well-known chemotherapy drug - showed promising antitumor activity with a growth inhibitory rate of 70.90%, which was much higher than that of CTX alone (19.5%). Furthermore, the combination markedly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. In addition, helvolic acid enhanced the immune organ index. The protein expression levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were significantly suppressed in mice treated with 20 mg/kg/day helvolic acid and in those receiving combination therapy. Taken together, these results indicated that helvolic acid in combination with CTX showed potent in vivo synergistic antitumor efficacy, and its mechanism of action may involve the Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hui Xiao
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Gui-You Liang
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Ru-Ming Liu
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Gang Li
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Ling-Tao Zhang
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Dai-Xiong Chen
- 1 Centre for Translational Medicinal of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Jian-Jiang Zhong
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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31
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Liang XA, Ma YM, Zhang HC, Liu R. A new helvolic acid derivative from an endophytic Fusarium sp. of Ficus carica. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2407-12. [PMID: 27265219 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1190722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new helvolic acid derivative named helvolic acid methyl ester (1), together with two known helvolic acid compounds, helvolic acid (2) and hydrohelvolic acid (3), were isolated from the fermentation of endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. in Ficus carica leaves. Their structures were elucidated and identified by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-3 showed potent antifungal and antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ai Liang
- a Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry Ministry of Education , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an , China
| | - Yang-Min Ma
- a Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry Ministry of Education , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an , China
| | - Hong-Chi Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry Ministry of Education , Shaanxi University of Science & Technology , Xi'an , China.,b College of Agronomy and Life Science , Shanxi Datong University , Datong , China
| | - Rui Liu
- b College of Agronomy and Life Science , Shanxi Datong University , Datong , China
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Sánchez-Ortiz BL, Sánchez-Fernández RE, Duarte G, Lappe-Oliveras P, Macías-Rubalcava ML. Antifungal, anti-oomycete and phytotoxic effects of volatile organic compounds from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. strain PB3f3 isolated from Haematoxylon brasiletto. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:1313-25. [PMID: 26920072 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the antifungal, anti-oomycete and phytotoxic activity; and chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. PB3f3 isolated from Haematoxylon brasiletto Karst. METHODS AND RESULTS Bioactivity and chemical composition of the VOCs from Xylaria sp. PB3f3 were established by using simple and multiple antagonism bioassays, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively. The results showed that Xylaria sp. PB3f3 inhibited the growth of the oomycetes Pythium aphanidermatum (78·3%), Phytophthora capsici (48·3%), and the fungi Alternaria solani (24·5%) and Fusarium oxysporum (24·2%), in multiple antagonism bioassays. Volatile organic compounds, produced at 20 and 30 days of fungal growth, inhibited root elongation on Amaranthus hypochondriacus (27·6%) and on Solanum lycopersicum (53·2%). Forty VOCs were identified at 10, 20 and 30 days in Xylaria sp. PB3f3 cultures. The compounds with the highest fibre affinity were: 3-methyl-1-butanol and thujopsene, at 10 days of fungal growth; an unidentified amine and 2-methyl-1-butanol at 20 days; and 2-methyl-1-propanol at 30 days. In the gas phase assay method 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-methyl-1-butanol showed significant inhibitory effects on root elongation and germination of Am. hypochondriacus and S. lycopersicum. CONCLUSIONS Xylaria sp. PB3f3 and its VOCs showed significant phytotoxic effects on root elongation and germination of Am. hypochondriacus and S. lycopersicum. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The genus Xylaria produces a great variety of secondary metabolites, but, up date, there are no reports of the identification of bioactive volatile compounds. Thus, Xylaria sp. PB3f3 and its VOCs are a possible candidate for the biological control of weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Sánchez-Ortiz
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México
| | - R E Sánchez-Fernández
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México
| | - G Duarte
- Facultad de Química, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México
| | - P Lappe-Oliveras
- Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México
| | - M L Macías-Rubalcava
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México
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Dissanayake RK, Ratnaweera PB, Williams DE, Wijayarathne CD, Wijesundera RLC, Andersen RJ, de Silva ED. Antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi of the Sri Lankan aquatic plant Nymphaea nouchali and chaetoglobosin A and C, produced by the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum. Mycology 2016; 7:1-8. [PMID: 30123610 PMCID: PMC6059152 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2015.1136708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty distinct endophytic fungi were isolated from the surface-sterilized plant parts of Nymphaea nouchali and were identified using morphological and molecular techniques. At 300 µg/disc concentration, eight of the 20 fungal extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) while two within the eight showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218). Furthermore, investigation of the crude extract of Chaetomium globosum resulted in the isolation of two known cytochalasans, chaetoglobosin A and C, and their structures were elucidated and confirmed by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H, 13C, COSY, HSQC, HMBC and tROESY) spectral data. Chaetoglobosin A showed antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis (MIC 16 µg mL-1), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 32 µg mL-1) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, MIC 32 µg mL-1). This is the first study to report the isolation, identification and antimicrobial properties of endophytic fungi of N. nouchali in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamoda B. Ratnaweera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo, 03, Sri Lanka
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | - David E. Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Raymond J. Andersen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | - E. Dilip de Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo, 03, Sri Lanka
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Influence of Culturing Conditions on Bioprospecting and the Antimicrobial Potential of Endophytic Fungi from Schinus terebinthifolius. Curr Microbiol 2015; 72:173-183. [PMID: 26563302 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the antimicrobial activity of extracts harvested from 17 endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant Schinus terebinthifolius. Morphological and molecular analyses indicated that these fungal species belonged to the genera Alternaria, Bjerkandera, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Penicillium, and Xylaria. Of the endophytes analyzed, 64.7 % produced antimicrobial compounds under at least one of the fermentation conditions tested. Nine isolates produced compounds that inhibited growth of Staphylococcus aureus, four produced compounds that inhibited Candida albicans, and two that inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The fermentation conditions of the following endophytes were optimized: Alternaria sp. Sect. Alternata-LGMF626, Xylaria sp.-LGMF673, and Bjerkandera sp.-LGMF713. Specifically, the carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH, temperature, and length of incubation were varied. In general, production of antimicrobial compounds was greatest when galactose was used as a carbon source, and acidification of the growth medium enhanced the production of compounds that inhibited C. albicans. Upon large-scale fermentation, Alternaria sp. Sect. Alternata-LGMF626 produced an extract containing two fractions that were active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus. One of the extracts exhibited high activity (minimum inhibitory concentration of 18.52 µg/mL), and the other exhibited moderate activity (minimum inhibitory concentration of 55.55 µg/mL). The compounds E-2-hexyl-cinnamaldehyde and two compounds of the pyrrolopyrazine alkaloids class were identified in the active fractions by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Ratnaweera PB, de Silva ED, Williams DE, Andersen RJ. Antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi obtained from the arid zone invasive plant Opuntia dillenii and the isolation of equisetin, from endophytic Fusarium sp. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:220. [PMID: 26160390 PMCID: PMC4496918 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Opuntia dillenii is an invasive plant well established in the harsh South-Eastern arid zone of Sri Lanka. Evidence suggests it is likely that the endophytic fungal populations of O. dillenii assist the host in overcoming biotic and abiotic stress by producing biologically active metabolites. With this in mind there is potential to discover novel natural products with useful biological activities from this hitherto poorly investigated source. Consequently, an investigation of the antimicrobial activities of the endophytes of O. dillenii, that occupies a unique ecological niche, may well provide useful leads in the discovery of new pharmaceuticals. Methods Endophytic fungi were isolated from the surface sterilized cladodes and flowers of O. dillenii using several nutrient media and the antimicrobial activities were evaluated against three Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans. The two most bioactive fungi were identified by colony morphology and DNA sequencing. The secondary metabolite of the endophyte Fusarium sp. exhibiting the best activity was isolated via bioassay guided chromatography. The chemical structure was elucidated from the ESIMS and NMR spectroscopic data obtained for the active metabolite. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the active compound were determined. Results Eight endophytic fungi were isolated from O. dillenii and all except one showed antibacterial activities against at least one of the test bacteria. All extracts were inactive against C. albicans. The most bioactive fungus was identified as Fusarium sp. and the second most active as Aspergillus niger. The structure of the major antibacterial compound of the Fusarium sp. was shown to be the tetramic acid derivative, equisetin. The MIC’s for equisetin were 8 μg mL−1 against Bacillus subtilis, 16 μg mL−1 against Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Conclusions O. dillenii, harbors several endophytic fungi capable of producing antimicrobial substances with selective antibacterial properties. By producing biologically active secondary metabolites, such as equisetin isolated from the endophytic Fusarium sp., the endophytic fungal population may be assisting the host to successfully withstand stressful environmental conditions. Further investigations on the secondary metabolites produced by these endophytes may provide additional drug leads.
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Ratnaweera PB, Williams DE, Patrick BO, de Silva ED, Andersen RJ. Solanioic Acid, an Antibacterial Degraded Steroid Produced in Culture by the Fungus Rhizoctonia solani Isolated from Tubers of the Medicinal Plant Cyperus rotundus. Org Lett 2015; 17:2074-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamoda B. Ratnaweera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
- Departments
of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
- Department
of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, Sri Lanka
| | - David E. Williams
- Departments
of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - E. Dilip de Silva
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Raymond J. Andersen
- Departments
of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
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Sawadsitang S, Mongkolthanaruk W, Suwannasai N, Sodngam S. Antimalarial and cytotoxic constituents of Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:2033-6. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1017724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sasiphimol Sawadsitang
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Nuttika Suwannasai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Sirirath Sodngam
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Kildgaard S, Mansson M, Dosen I, Klitgaard A, Frisvad JC, Larsen TO, Nielsen KF. Accurate dereplication of bioactive secondary metabolites from marine-derived fungi by UHPLC-DAD-QTOFMS and a MS/HRMS library. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:3681-705. [PMID: 24955556 PMCID: PMC4071597 DOI: 10.3390/md12063681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In drug discovery, reliable and fast dereplication of known compounds is essential for identification of novel bioactive compounds. Here, we show an integrated approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-QTOFMS) providing both accurate mass full-scan mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem high resolution MS (MS/HRMS) data. The methodology was demonstrated on compounds from bioactive marine-derived strains of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Emericellopsis, including small polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides, terpenes, and meroterpenoids. The MS/HRMS data were then searched against an in-house MS/HRMS library of ~1300 compounds for unambiguous identification. The full scan MS data was used for dereplication of compounds not in the MS/HRMS library, combined with ultraviolet/visual (UV/Vis) and MS/HRMS data for faster exclusion of database search results. This led to the identification of four novel isomers of the known anticancer compound, asperphenamate. Except for very low intensity peaks, no false negatives were found using the MS/HRMS approach, which proved to be robust against poor data quality caused by system overload or loss of lock-mass. Only for small polyketides, like patulin, were both retention time and UV/Vis spectra necessary for unambiguous identification. For the ophiobolin family with many structurally similar analogues partly co-eluting, the peaks could be assigned correctly by combining MS/HRMS data and m/z of the [M + Na]+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kildgaard
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Maria Mansson
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Ina Dosen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Andreas Klitgaard
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Jens C Frisvad
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Thomas O Larsen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Kristian F Nielsen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Soeltofts Plads 221, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
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