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Guo Y, Liu Z, Wan Y, Zhang Y, Abdu HI, Yang M, Pei J, Yue T, Zhang X, Hacimuftuoglu A, Abd El-Aty AM. Literature analysis on asparagus roots and review of its functional characterizations. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1024190. [PMID: 37139102 PMCID: PMC10149932 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1024190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asparagus root (AR) is utilized globally as a traditional herbal medicine because it contains various bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, and minerals. The composition profiles of AR are strongly affected by its botanical and geographical origins. Although minerals and heavy metals are minor constituents of AR, they play a crucial role in determining its quality and efficacy. A comprehensive classification of AR, its phytochemistry, and its pharmacology were reviewed and interpreted herein. Potentially eligible articles (in English) were identified through an electronic search of the Web of Science database (2010-2022) and Google (2001-2022). We used the primary search term "Asparagus roots" combined with the words "pharmacology," "bioactive compounds," "physicochemical properties," and "health benefits" to find the relevant literature. We screened the titles, keywords, and abstracts of the publications obtained from the database. A full copy of the article was obtained for further assessment if deemed appropriate. Different asparagus species might potentially be used as herbal medicines and functional foods. Phytochemical studies have revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds as valuable secondary metabolites. The dominant class of bioactive compounds in AR is flavonoids. Furthermore, AR displayed significant pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects, as shown in animal and human studies. This review provides a valuable resource to enable a thorough assessment of the profile of Asparagus root as a functional ingredient for the pharmaceutical and food industries. In addition, it is anticipated that this review will provide information to healthcare professionals seeking alternative sources of critical bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Guo
- College of Health Management, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingjie Wan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hassan Idris Abdu
- College of Health Management, Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Yang
- College of Society and Science, Tibet Cultural University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinjin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bioresources, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianbin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis, Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Al-Gabri N, Elnagar GM, Saghir SAM, El-Shaibany A, Alnomasy SF, Althafar ZM, Elkomy NMIM, Elaasser MM, Abdoh MS, Yosri M. Preliminary Study of Gastroprotective Effect of Aloe perryi and Date Palm Extracts on Pyloric Ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Experimental Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9246785. [PMID: 35111849 PMCID: PMC8803418 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9246785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was aimed at investigating the possible antiulcer activities of some natural phytochemicals Aloe perryi leaf extract (APLE) and flower extract (APFE) in addition to the date palm seed extract (DPSE) and the oily samples of DPSE in a pylorus ligation-induced ulcer model using ranitidine as a standard antiulcer drug. BACKGROUND Peptic ulcer is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder due to hypersecretion of gastric acid. It affects four million people worldwide, and 2-10% of these ulcers are perforated and cause bleeding. This increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. So we aimed to introduce a primary study alternatively safe method for treating peptic ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two Wistar Albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into seven groups (6/each). The pylorus ligation was done to induce ulcer in pretreated albino rats. The antiulcer activities of extracts were estimated at different dose levels (250 and 500 mg/kg) using ranitidine as a standard drug (50 mg/kg). Gastric volume, pH, and total and free acidity as well as ulcer index and percentage of ulcer inhibition were measured to elucidate the antiulcerogenic effects. Histological examination of gastric ulcer was also performed. Statistical analysis for the results was done where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Pylorus ligation for 6 h in control rats resulted in gastric ulcer which was indicated by the accumulation of gastric secretion and increased total acidity and decreased pH. The pretreatment of rats with APLE, APFE, and DPSE in addition to the oily samples of DPSE significantly inhibited the ulcers induced by pylorus ligation. These effects were attributed to significant reductions in total and free acidity, ulcer index, and gastric volume while there is a marked decrease in gastric pH (the antisecretory) as well as mucosal strengthening properties of these phytochemicals. CONCLUSION These findings give these extracts the potential to be a promising tool for the management of gastric ulcer after performing further clinical and experimental studies. Our study demonstrated the promising antiulcer activity of extracts and oils in pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the antiulcer activity of these extracts; however, further investigations may be recommended for full details about this antiulcerogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Al-Gabri
- Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
- Laboratory of Salam Veterinary Group, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehad M. Elnagar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sultan A. M. Saghir
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Analysis, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma'an, Jordan
| | - Amina El-Shaibany
- Pharmacognosy Department, University of Sana'a, Pharmacy College, Yemen
| | - Sultan F. Alnomasy
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Al-Quwayiyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad M. Althafar
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Al-Quwayiyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmoud M. Elaasser
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, 11787 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maisa Siddiq Abdoh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Yosri
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, 11787 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Ghadimi D, Frahm SO, Röcken C, Ebsen M, Schwiertz A, Fölster-Holst R, Bockelmann W, Heller KJ. Effects of ad libitum free-choice access to freshly squeezed domestic white asparagus juice on intestinal microbiota composition and universal biomarkers of immuno-metabolic homeostasis and general health in middle-aged female and male C57BL/6 mice. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:401-414. [PMID: 34463231 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210830150620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asparagus contains different bioactive and volatile components including pyrazines, sulphur-containing compounds, and polyphenols. Asparagus juice is a new low-calorie LAB-containing natural juice product, the usage of which is expanding. Pyrazines and sulphur-containing compounds are degraded by bacteria on one hand, but on the other hand, dietary polyphenols prevent human colorectal diseases as modulators of the composition and/or activity of gut microbiota. However, the utility of these asparagus compounds for reversal of age-associated microbial dysbiosis and the immunometabolic disorders that dysbiosis incites body inflammatory reactions was not much explored so far. Hence, using middle-aged mice, we conducted the current study to verify the effect of freshly squeezed domestic white asparagus juice on the biomarkers reflecting immuno-metabolic pathways linking age-related dysbiosis and metabolic events. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two conventional Harlan Laboratories C57BL/6 mice aged between 11-12 months were randomly divided into two groups (n=16). Mice in control group 1 received sterile tap water. Animals in group 2 had 60 days ad libitum free-choice access to sterile tap water supplemented with 5% (v/v) freshly squeezed domestic white asparagus juice. Clinical signs of general health, hydration, and inflammation were monitored daily. Caecal content samples were analysed by qPCR for microbial composition. Histology of relevant organs was carried out on day 60 after sacrificing the mice. Universal markers of metabolic- and liver function were determined in serum samples. Caecal SCFAs contents were measured using HPLC. RESULTS Overall, no significant differences in general health or clinical signs of inflammation between the two groups were observed. The liver to body weight ratio in asparagus juice-drank mice was lowered. The qPCR quantification showed that asparagus juice significantly decreased the caecal Clostridium coccoides group while causing an enhancement in Clostridium leptum, Firmicutes, and bifidobacterial groups as well as total caecal bacterial count. Asparagus juice significantly elevated the caecal contents of SCFAs. Enhanced SCFAs (acetate, butyrate, and propionate) in mice receiving asparagus juice, however, did coincide with altered lipid levels in plasma or changes in the abundance of relevant bacteria for acetate-, butyrate-, and propionate production. DISCUSSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study aiming at evaluating the effect of freshly squeezed German domestic white asparagus juice on universal markers of metabolic- and liver function in middle-aged mice and the role of gut microbiota in this regard. The effectiveness of asparagus juice to improve metabolism in middle-aged mice was associated with alterations in intestinal microbiota but maybe also due to uptake of higher amounts of SCFAs. Hence, the key signal pathways corresponding to improved immune-metabolic homeostasis will be an important research scheme in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darab Ghadimi
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Hermann-Weigmann-Str 1, D-24103 Kiel. Germany
| | - Sven Olaf Frahm
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum (MVZ), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dr. Rabenhorst, Prüner Gang 7, 24103 Kiel. Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, Kiel University,University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3/14, D-24105 Kiel. Germany
| | - Michael Ebsen
- StädtischesMVZ Kiel GmbH, Department of Pathology, Chemnitzstr.33, 24116 Kiel. Germany
| | - Andreas Schwiertz
- MVZ Institute of Microecology, Auf den Lüppen 8, 35745 Herborn. Germany
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Schittenhelmstr. 7, D-24105 Kiel. Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bockelmann
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, Hermann-Weigmann-Str 1, D-24103 Kiel. Germany
| | - Knut J Heller
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Kiel. Germany
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Therapeutic Promises of Medicinal Plants in Bangladesh and Their Bioactive Compounds against Ulcers and Inflammatory Diseases. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071348. [PMID: 34371551 PMCID: PMC8309353 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
When functioning properly, the stomach is the center of both physical and mental satisfaction. Gastrointestinal disorders, or malfunctioning of the stomach, due to infections caused by various biological entities and physiochemical abnormalities, are now widespread, with most of the diseases being inflammatory, which, depending on the position and degree of inflammation, have different names such as peptic or gastric ulcers, irritable bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis, and so on. While many synthetic drugs, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are now extensively used to treat these diseases, their harmful and long-term side effects cannot be ignored. To treat these diseases safely and successfully, different potent medicinal plants and their active components are considered game-changers. In consideration of this, the present review aimed to reveal a general and comprehensive updated overview of the anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of medicinal plants. To emphasize the efficacy of the medicinal plants, various bioactive compounds from the plant extract, their experimental animal models, and clinical trials are depicted.
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Harsha C, Banik K, Bordoloi D, Kunnumakkara AB. Antiulcer properties of fruits and vegetables: A mechanism based perspective. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:104-119. [PMID: 28711545 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is the damage caused to mucosal layer of the stomach under the action of various factors like high levels of acid and pepsin, invasion by Helicobacter pylori, etc. Although most cases have been controlled and the rate of ulcer occurrence has reduced over the last few decades, gastric ulcer still holds a prime concern today. A range of palliative medicines comprising proton pump inhibitors, H2 receptor antagonists, COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs) is widely in use and patients have also been administered with acid suppression therapies. But these remedies aggravate the condition of patients causing severe side effects, or rather impart temporary relief. Therefore, it is highly imperative to develop safe and effective therapies for the treatment of gastric ulcer. Nature provides us various fruits and vegetables that can combat gastric ulcer through multiple mechanisms; predominantly via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antisecretory, antimicrobial, anticholinergic and cytoprotective activity, inhibition of small intestinal propulsion etc. Various phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and saponins play a vital role in the prevention and cure of gastric ulcer. This review is a compendium of all fruits and vegetables known for their profound antiulcer effect and their underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Singh R, Geetanjali. Asparagus racemosus: a review on its phytochemical and therapeutic potential. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:1896-908. [PMID: 26463825 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Geetanjali
- Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Alok S, Jain SK, Verma A, Kumar M, Mahor A, Sabharwal M. Plant profile, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari): A review. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Thakur M, Connellan P, Deseo MA, Morris C, Praznik W, Loeppert R, Dixit VK. Characterization and in vitro immunomodulatory screening of fructo-oligosaccharides of Asparagus racemosus Willd. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:77-81. [PMID: 22001723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Thakur
- Centre for Phytochemistry and Pharmacology, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
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