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Niu A, Lin C. Trends in research on characterization, treatment and valorization of hazardous red mud: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119660. [PMID: 38043310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Meta-analysis of red mud-related literature in English published from 1976 to 2022 and in Chinese from 1990 to 2022 was performed to support critical analysis and evaluation of the available literature based on the following aspects of red mud research: (a) characterization, (b) treatment for harmfulness minimization, (c) recovery of valuable metals, (d) environmental applications, and (e) uses as construction materials. It was found that (a) sinter red mud tended to contain more silica and calcium, and less iron, sodium and aluminium compared to Bayer red mud; (b) gypsum was the most frequently used agent for harmfulness reduction treatment of red mud, followed by flue gas/CO2; (c) the mean optimal pH for adsorption of major anionic pollutants was 8.42 ± 1.13 (arsenite), 3.73 ± 0.68 (arsenate), 3.50 ± 2.38 (phosphate), 4.43 ± 1.04 (fluoride) and 3.80 ± 1.54 (chromate); (d) wastewater treatment has attracted more attention compared to contaminated soils and waste gases; (e) recovery of iron and scandium has attracted more attention compared to other metals; (f) cement making has been the focus in construction uses. Most of the research findings were based on laboratory-scale experiments that focused on efficacy rather than efficiency. There was a lack of integrated approaches for research in red mud valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Niu
- International Envirotech Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China; School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chuxia Lin
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia.
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2
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George G, Ealias AM, Saravanakumar MP. Advancements in textile dye removal: a critical review of layered double hydroxides and clay minerals as efficient adsorbents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12748-12779. [PMID: 38265587 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The textile industry is responsible for producing large volumes of wastewater that contain a wide variety of dye compounds. This poses a significant environmental hazard and risks harming both ecosystems and living organisms. This review study explores the advancements in adsorption research for dye removal, with a particular emphasis on the development of various adsorbents. The article provides detailed insights into the toxicity and classification of dyes, different treatment techniques, and the characteristics of numerous adsorbents, with special attention to layered double hydroxides (LDH) and clay minerals. A comprehensive list of adsorbents, encompassing natural materials, agricultural by-products, industrial waste, and activated carbon, is discussed for effective removal of different dyes. Furthermore, the review extensively examines the influence of various adsorption variables, such as pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, ionic strength, and pore volume of the adsorbent. Additionally, the application of response surface methodology for optimizing adsorption variables is elucidated. Commonly, electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, n-π interactions, van der Waals forces, H-bonding, and pore diffusion play a major role in adsorption mechanism. The review also found that LDH can eliminate a wide range of dyes from wastewater, achieving excellent uptake capacities often exceeding 500 mg/g, with a removal efficiency of 99%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations gave the best fit to most of the adsorption data. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking sustainable solutions to address the environmental challenges posed by textile dye contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giphin George
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, A.P., Green Fields, 522302, India.
| | - Anu Mary Ealias
- Department of Civil Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, A.P., Green Fields, 522302, India
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3
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Dhar AK, Himu HA, Bhattacharjee M, Mostufa MG, Parvin F. Insights on applications of bentonite clays for the removal of dyes and heavy metals from wastewater: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:5440-5474. [PMID: 36418828 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, increased industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities have resulted in the release of various pollutants into the aquatic systems, which require a reliable and environmentally friendly method to remove them. Adsorption is one of the most cost-effective and sustainable wastewater treatment techniques. A plethora of low-cost bio-based adsorbents have been developed worldwide so far to supplant activated carbon and its high processing costs. Bentonite clays (BCs), whether in natural or modified form, have gained enormous potential in wastewater treatment and have been used successfully as a novel and cost-effective bio-sorbent for removing organic and inorganic pollutants from the liquid suspension. It has become a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment due to its variety of surface and structural properties, superior chemical stability, high capacity for cation exchange, elevated surface area due to its layered structure, non-toxicity, abundance, low cost, and high adsorption capacity compared to other clays. This review encompasses comprehensive literature about various modification techniques and adsorption mechanisms of BCs concerning dyes and heavy metal removal from wastewater. A critical overview of different parameters for optimizing adsorption capacity and regeneration via the desorption technique has also been presented here. Finally, a conclusion has been drawn with some future research recommendations based on technological challenges encountered in industrializing these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avik Kumar Dhar
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising, and Interiors, University of Georgia, 321 Dawson Hall, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA-30602, USA.
| | - Humayra Akhter Himu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Tejgaon, Dhaka-1208, Bangladesh
| | - Maitry Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA-30602, USA
| | - Md Golam Mostufa
- Department of Textile Engineering, Shyamoli Textile Engineering College, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Fahmida Parvin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
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Thakare Y, Kore S, Sharma I, Shah M. A comprehensive review on sustainable greener nanoparticles for efficient dye degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:55415-55436. [PMID: 35672632 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effluents released from textile industries mainly consist of dyes, metals and other pollutants. Dyes often are discharged in wastewater streams causing adverse effect on the environment. To eliminate these harmful dyes, various techniques are emerging out of which nanotechnology is the most reliable and safer. Nanotechnology offers convincing applications in case of environmental and economic concerns. The bio-synthesis of nanoparticles has several advantages over conventional methods and approach towards environment concern as well. Biological method of nanoparticles synthesis is concluded to be the most promising and efficient in action. Bio-synthesised nanoparticles could be used for treatment and decolourisation of dyes in an efficient manner. This review comprises the study of number of bio-synthesised nanoparticles utilised for degradation of various dyes present as pollutants in wastewater. Bio-synthesised nanoparticles such as gold, silver, iron, cobalt, zinc, titanium and molybdenum used for degradation of various dyes have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Thakare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sujay Kore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ishanee Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Manan Shah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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5
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Taneez M, Hurel C. A review on the potential uses of red mud as amendment for pollution control in environmental media. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:22106-22125. [PMID: 31187380 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Red mud is a solid waste of bauxite processing by Bayer process which involves caustic digestion of Al-containing mineral for alumina production. The global inventory of red mud waste reached an estimated amount of 4 billion tons in 2015, increasing at an approximate rate of 120 million tons per year. Therefore, its management is becoming a global environmental issue for the protection of environment, and the need for awareness in this regard is becoming crucial. Although red mud is not considered as a hazardous material in many countries, its high alkalinity and fine particle size may pose significant environmental threat, and it is found to be an interesting material for environmental remediation purposes due to rich iron content. This paper provides a review of possible remedial applications of red mud in various environmental compartments. Modification of red mud creates novel opportunities for cost-effective and efficient removal of metal ions, inorganic anions, dyes, and phenols from wastewater and acid mine drainage. Re-vegetation of red mud disposal sites, treatment of metal-contaminated acidic soils presents the usefulness of this material but less research has been done so far to investigate its use in the stabilization of polluted sediments. On the other hand, leaching and eco-toxicological tests have also revealed that red mud does not pose high toxicity to the environment making it suitable for the treatment of contaminated media. Nevertheless, neutralization of red mud is recommended for its safe disposal and secure application in any environmental media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Taneez
- Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-Khail -Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science (SA-CIRBS), International Islamic University, Sector H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
- Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), CNRS, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, 06108, Nice, France.
| | - Charlotte Hurel
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, UMR, CNRS 7010, 06108, Nice, France
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Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wei W. Enhanced brilliant blue FCF adsorption using microwave-hydrothermal synthesized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1623695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Preparation of core/shell nanocomposite adsorbents based on amine polymer-modified magnetic materials for the efficient adsorption of anionic dyes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Hua Y, Xiao J, Zhang Q, Cui C, Wang C. Facile synthesis of surface-functionalized magnetic nanocomposites for effectively selective adsorption of cationic dyes. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:99. [PMID: 29651623 PMCID: PMC5897273 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new magnetic nano-adsorbent, polycatechol modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/PCC MNPs) were prepared by a facile chemical coprecipitation method using iron salts and catechol solution as precursors. Fe3O4/PCC MNPs owned negatively charged surface with oxygen-containing groups and showed a strong adsorption capacity and fast adsorption rates for the removal of cationic dyes in water. The adsorption capacity of methylene blue (MB), cationic turquoise blue GB (GB), malachite green (MG), crystal violet (CV) and cationic pink FG (FG) were 60.06 mg g- 1, 70.97 mg g- 1, 66.84 mg g- 1, 66.01 mg g- 1 and 50.27 mg g- 1, respectively. The adsorption mechanism was proposed by the analyses of the adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics of cationic dyes on Fe3O4/PCC MNPs. Moreover, the cationic dyes adsorbed on the MNPs as a function of contact time, pH value, temperature, coexisting cationic ions and ion strength were also investigated. These results suggested that the Fe3O4/PCC MNPs is promising to be used as a magnetic adsorbent for selective adsorption of cationic dyes in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Hua
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fangzheng Avenue, number 266, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400714 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou, 510308 China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 400714 China
| | - Chang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fangzheng Avenue, number 266, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400714 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chuan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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9
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Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies of Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Red Mud, a Low-Cost Adsorbent. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-017-2787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Gill GK, Mubarak NM, Nizamuddin S, Al-Salim HS, Sahu JN. Column performance of carbon nanotube packed bed for methylene blue and orange red dye removal from waste water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/206/1/012081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Yagub MT, Sen TK, Afroze S, Ang H. Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: a review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 209:172-84. [PMID: 24780401 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1509] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this review article the authors presented up to-date development on the application of adsorption in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution. This review article provides extensive literature information about dyes, its classification and toxicity, various treatment methods, and dye adsorption characteristics by various adsorbents. One of the objectives of this review article is to organise the scattered available information on various aspects on a wide range of potentially effective adsorbents in the removal of dyes. Therefore, an extensive list of various adsorbents such as natural materials, waste materials from industry, agricultural by-products, and biomass based activated carbon in the removal of various dyes has been compiled here. Dye bearing waste treatment by adsorption using low cost alternative adsorbent is a demanding area as it has double benefits i.e. water treatment and waste management. Further, activated carbon from biomass has the advantage of offering an effected low cost replacement for non-renewable coal based granular activated carbon provided that they have similar or better adsorption on efficiency. The effectiveness of various adsorbents under different physico-chemical process parameters and their comparative adsorption capacity towards dye adsorption has also been presented. This review paper also includes the affective adsorption factors of dye such as solution pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and temperature. The applicability of various adsorption kinetic models and isotherm models for dye removal by wide range of adsorbents is also reported here. Conclusions have been drawn from the literature reviewed and few suggestions for future research are proposed.
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12
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Patel YN, Patel MP. A new fast swelling poly[DAPB-co-DMAAm-co-AASS] superabsorbent hydrogel for removal of anionic dyes from water. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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14
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Choy KKH, Mckay G. Synergistic Multilayer Adsorption for Low Concentration Dyestuffs by Biomass. Chin J Chem Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(11)60219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Bhatnagar A, Vilar VJP, Botelho CMS, Boaventura RAR. A review of the use of red mud as adsorbent for the removal of toxic pollutants from water and wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2011; 32:231-249. [PMID: 21780692 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.560615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Red mud (an aluminium industry waste) has received wide attention as an effective adsorbent for water pollution control, showing significant adsorption potential for the removal of various aquatic pollutants. In this review, an extensive list of red-mud-based adsorbents has been compiled and their adsorption capacities (maximum uptake value of the adsorbent for the pollutant or adsorbate being removed) for various aquatic pollutants (metal ions, dyes, phenolic compounds, inorganic anions) are presented. The review provides a summary of recent information obtained using batch studies and deals with the adsorption mechanisms involved. It is evident from the literature survey that red mud has been found to be efficient for the removal of various aquatic pollutants, especially arsenic and phosphate. However, there is still a need to investigate the practical utility of these adsorbents on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bhatnagar
- LSRE Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Yenikaya C, Atar E, Olgun A, Atar N, İlhan S, Çolak F. Biosorption study of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200900108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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17
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Ayranci E, Duman O. In-Situ UV-Visible Spectroscopic Study on the Adsorption of some Dyes onto Activated Carbon Cloth. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390903182891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Cheung WH, Szeto YS, McKay G. Enhancing the adsorption capacities of acid dyes by chitosan nano particles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:1143-8. [PMID: 18829305 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, nanochitosan emulsion has been produced in a suspension form by adding tripolyphosphate solution into a chitosan solution drop-wise. The adsorption capacities of four acid dyes, namely, Acid Orange 10 (AO10), Acid Orange 12 (AO12), Acid Red 18 (AR18) and Acid Red 73 (AR73) on nanochitosan, have been determined to be 1.77, 4.33, 1.37 and 2.13 mmol l(-1), respectively. The nanochitosan dye capacities were compared with normal chitosan capacities which were 1.54, 2.66, 1.11 and 1.25 mmol l(-1) for AO10, AO12, AR18 and AR73, respectively. In all cases, the nanochitosan has a higher capacity. The mechanism of acid dye adsorption and the effect of pH are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Cheung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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19
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Wang S, Ang HM, Tadé MO. Novel applications of red mud as coagulant, adsorbent and catalyst for environmentally benign processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 72:1621-1635. [PMID: 18558418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Red mud (RM) is a by-product of bauxite processing via the Bayer process. Its disposal remains an issue of great importance with significant environmental concerns. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done to utilize red mud for environmental-benign applications such as a building material additive and for metal recovery. In recent years, red mud has also been explored for gas cleaning and wastewater treatment. In this paper, we review varying novel applications of red mud as a coagulant and adsorbent for water and gas treatment as well as catalyst for some industrial processes. The environmental compatibility of red mud is discussed. Some directions of future research are also proposed. Red mud presents a promising application in water treatment for removal of toxic heavy metal and metalloid ions, inorganic anions such as nitrate, fluoride, and phosphate, as well as organics including dyes, phenolic compounds and bacteria. In addition, red mud can also be employed as catalysts for hydrogenation, hydrodechlorination and hydrocarbon oxidation. Moreover, leaching and eco-toxicological tests indicate that red mud does not present high toxicity to the environment before or after reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6058, Australia.
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Bilgiç C. Investigation of the Factors Affecting the Removal of an Acid Dye from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using Bentonite and Sepiolite. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1260/026361708787548765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Bilgiç
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Osmangazi University, 26480 Eskişehir, Turkey
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21
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Gereli G, Seki Y, Murat Kuşoğlu I, Yurdakoç K. Equilibrium and kinetics for the sorption of promethazine hydrochloride onto K10 montmorillonite. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 299:155-62. [PMID: 16527295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the adsorption of cationic drug, promethazine hydrochloride from aqueous solution onto K10 montmorillonite. The effects of pH and temperature on adsorption process were investigated. Maximum adsorption pH was obtained to be about 7.5. Thermodynamic parameters found in this study depict the exothermic nature of adsorption. The process was favorable and spontaneous. From kinetic studies, it was found that adsorption process obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and the isotherm constants were determined. The fit of the Langmuir and DR models appeared to be good. Physisorption mainly controls the whole adsorption process but chemisorption also shows a particular contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürhan Gereli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, 35160 Buca, Izmir, Turkey
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22
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Talman RY, Atun G. Effects of cationic and anionic surfactants on the adsorption of toluidine blue onto fly ash. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Namasivayam C, Sureshkumar MV. Anionic dye adsorption characteristics of surfactant-modified coir pith, a ‘waste’ lignocellulosic polymer. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Wang S, Boyjoo Y, Choueib A, Zhu ZH. Removal of dyes from aqueous solution using fly ash and red mud. WATER RESEARCH 2005; 39:129-138. [PMID: 15607172 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2004] [Revised: 08/19/2004] [Accepted: 09/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fly ash and red mud have been employed as adsorbents for the removal of a typical basic dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. Heat treatment and chemical treatment have also been applied to the as-received fly ash and red mud samples. It is found that fly ash generally shows higher adsorption capacity than red mud. The raw fly ash and red mud show adsorption capacity at 1.4 x 10(-5) and 7.8 x 10(-6) mol/g, respectively. Heat treatment reduces the adsorption capacity for both fly ash and red mud but acid treatment by HNO(3) induces a different effect on fly ash and red mud. Nitric acid treatment results in an increase in adsorption capacity of fly ash (2.4 x 10(-5) mol/g) while it decreases the adsorption capacity for red mud (3.2 x 10(-6) mol/g). The adsorption data have been analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. The results indicate that the Redlich-Peterson model provides the best correlation of the experimental data. Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption. For fly ash and red mud, adsorption of methylene blue is endothermic reaction with DeltaH(0) at 76.1 and 10.8 kJ/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
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Ozcan AS, Erdem B, Ozcan A. Adsorption of Acid Blue 193 from aqueous solutions onto Na–bentonite and DTMA–bentonite. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 280:44-54. [PMID: 15476772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2004] [Accepted: 07/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide-modified bentonite (DTMA-bentonite) was prepared and tested as an adsorbent for an acid dye (Acid Blue 193, AB193) removal from aqueous solution in comparison with Na-bentonite. The effect of various experimental parameters was investigated using a batch adsorption technique. In this manner, the adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and temperature and pH effects upon Acid Blue 193 adsorption on Na-bentonite and DTMA-bentonite were thoroughly examined. Results show that a pH value of 1.5 is favorable for the adsorption of Acid Blue 193. The isothermal data could be well described by the Freundlich equation. The dynamical data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity of DTMA-bentonite (740.5 mg g(-1)) was found to be around 11 times higher than that of Na-bentonite (67.1 mg g(-1)) at 20 degrees C. Thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy (E(a)) and change in the free energy (DeltaG(0)), the enthalpy (DeltaH(0)), and the entropy (DeltaS(0)) were also evaluated. The overall adsorption process was exothermic but it is only spontaneous at 20 degrees C. The results indicate that Na-bentonite and DTMA-bentonite could be employed as low-cost alternatives to activated carbon in wastewater treatment for the removal of color which comes from textile dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Safa Ozcan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey.
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