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Deringer VL, Bartók AP, Bernstein N, Wilkins DM, Ceriotti M, Csányi G. Gaussian Process Regression for Materials and Molecules. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10073-10141. [PMID: 34398616 PMCID: PMC8391963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We provide an introduction to Gaussian process regression (GPR) machine-learning methods in computational materials science and chemistry. The focus of the present review is on the regression of atomistic properties: in particular, on the construction of interatomic potentials, or force fields, in the Gaussian Approximation Potential (GAP) framework; beyond this, we also discuss the fitting of arbitrary scalar, vectorial, and tensorial quantities. Methodological aspects of reference data generation, representation, and regression, as well as the question of how a data-driven model may be validated, are reviewed and critically discussed. A survey of applications to a variety of research questions in chemistry and materials science illustrates the rapid growth in the field. A vision is outlined for the development of the methodology in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker L. Deringer
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Albert P. Bartók
- Department
of Physics and Warwick Centre for Predictive Modelling, School of
Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Noam Bernstein
- Center
for Computational Materials Science, U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - David M. Wilkins
- Atomistic
Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory
of Computational Science and Modeling, IMX, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- National
Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Engineering
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
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Yin S, Zuo Y, Abu-Odeh A, Zheng H, Li XG, Ding J, Ong SP, Asta M, Ritchie RO. Atomistic simulations of dislocation mobility in refractory high-entropy alloys and the effect of chemical short-range order. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4873. [PMID: 34381027 PMCID: PMC8357793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) are designed for high elevated-temperature strength, with both edge and screw dislocations playing an important role for plastic deformation. However, they can also display a significant energetic driving force for chemical short-range ordering (SRO). Here, we investigate mechanisms underlying the mobilities of screw and edge dislocations in the body-centered cubic MoNbTaW RHEA over a wide temperature range using extensive molecular dynamics simulations based on a highly-accurate machine-learning interatomic potential. Further, we specifically evaluate how these mechanisms are affected by the presence of SRO. The mobility of edge dislocations is found to be enhanced by the presence of SRO, whereas the rate of double-kink nucleation in the motion of screw dislocations is reduced, although this influence of SRO appears to be attenuated at increasing temperature. Independent of the presence of SRO, a cross-slip locking mechanism is observed for the motion of screws, which provides for extra strengthening for refractory high-entropy alloy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yunxing Zuo
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anas Abu-Odeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiang-Guo Li
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jun Ding
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shyue Ping Ong
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Mark Asta
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Qian Y, Gilbert MR, Dezerald L, Cereceda D. Using first-principles calculations to predict the mechanical properties of transmuting tungsten under first wall fusion power-plant conditions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:345901. [PMID: 34098547 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac08b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten and tungsten alloys are being considered as leading candidates for structural and functional materials in future fusion energy devices. The most attractive properties of tungsten for the design of magnetic and inertial fusion energy reactors are its high melting point, high thermal conductivity, low sputtering yield and low long-term disposal radioactive footprint. Yet, despite these relevant features, tungsten also presents a very low fracture toughness, mostly associated with inter-granular failure and bulk plasticity, that limits its applications. Significant neutron-induced transmutation happens in these tungsten components during nuclear fusion reactions, creating transmutant elements including Re, Os and Ta. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations that allow the calculation of defect and solute energetics are critical to better understand the behavior and evolution of tungsten-based materials in a fusion energy environment. In this study, we present a novel computational approach to perform DFT calculations on transmuting materials. In particular, we predict elastic and plastic mechanical properties (such as bulk modulus, shear modulus, ductility parameter, etc) on a variety of W-X compositions that result when pure tungsten is exposed to the EU-DEMO fusion first wall conditions for ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Qian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Culham Centre For Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - Lucile Dezerald
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
- Institut Jean Lamour, CNRS UMR 7198, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - David Cereceda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
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Discrete shear band plasticity through dislocation activities in body-centered cubic tungsten nanowires. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4574. [PMID: 29545583 PMCID: PMC5854623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shear band in metallic crystals is localized deformation with high dislocation density, which is often observed in nanopillar deformation experiments. The shear band dynamics coupled with dislocation activities, however, remains unclear. Here, we investigate the dynamic processes of dislocation and shear band in body-centered cubic (BCC) tungsten nanowires via an integrated approach of in situ nanomechanical testing and atomistic simulation. We find a strong effect of surface orientation on dislocation nucleation in tungsten nanowires, in which {111} surfaces act as favorite sites under high strain. While dislocation activities in a localized region give rise to an initially thin shear band, self-catalyzed stress concentration and dislocation nucleation at shear band interfaces cause a discrete thickening of shear band. Our findings not only advance the current understanding of defect activities and deformation morphology of BCC nanowires, but also shed light on the deformation dynamics in other microscopic crystals where jerky motion of deformation band is observed.
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Marinica MC, Ventelon L, Gilbert MR, Proville L, Dudarev SL, Marian J, Bencteux G, Willaime F. Interatomic potentials for modelling radiation defects and dislocations in tungsten. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:395502. [PMID: 24002176 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/39/395502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have developed empirical interatomic potentials for studying radiation defects and dislocations in tungsten. The potentials use the embedded atom method formalism and are fitted to a mixed database, containing various experimentally measured properties of tungsten and ab initio formation energies of defects, as well as ab initio interatomic forces computed for random liquid configurations. The availability of data on atomic force fields proves critical for the development of the new potentials. Several point and extended defect configurations were used to test the transferability of the potentials. The trends predicted for the Peierls barrier of the [Formula: see text] screw dislocation are in qualitative agreement with ab initio calculations, enabling quantitative comparison of the predicted kink-pair formation energies with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-C Marinica
- CEA, DEN, Service de Recherches de Métallurgie Physique, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Marichal C, Van Swygenhoven H, Van Petegem S, Borca C. {110} Slip with {112} slip traces in bcc Tungsten. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2547. [PMID: 23989456 PMCID: PMC3757353 DOI: 10.1038/srep02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While propagation of dislocations in body centered cubic metals at low temperature is understood in terms of elementary steps on {110} planes, slip traces correspond often with other crystallographic or non-crystallographic planes. In the past, characterization of slip was limited to post-mortem electron microscopy and slip trace analysis on the sample surface. Here with in-situ Laue diffraction experiments during micro-compression we demonstrate that when two {110} planes containing the same slip direction experience the same resolved shear stress, sharp slip traces are observed on a {112} plane. When however the {110} planes are slightly differently stressed, macroscopic strain is measured on the individual planes and collective cross-slip is used to fulfill mechanical boundary conditions, resulting in a zig-zag or broad slip trace on the sample surface. We anticipate that such dynamics can occur in polycrystalline metals due to local inhomogeneous stress distributions and can cause unusual slip transfer among grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Marichal
- Materials Science and Simulation, NUM/ASQ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Čák M, Hammerschmidt T, Drautz R. Comparison of analytic and numerical bond-order potentials for W and Mo. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:265002. [PMID: 23719369 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/26/265002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bond-order potentials (BOPs) are derived from the tight-binding approximation and provide a linearly-scaling computation of the energy and forces for a system of interacting atoms. While the numerical BOPs involve the numerical integration of the response (Green's) function, the expressions for the energy and interatomic forces are analytical within the formalism of the analytic BOPs. In this paper we present a detailed comparison of numerical and analytic BOPs. We use established parametrizations for the bcc refractory metals W and Mo and test structural energy differences; tetragonal, trigonal, hexagonal and orthorhombic deformation paths; formation energies of point defects as well as phonon dispersion relations. We find that the numerical and analytic BOPs generally are in very good agreement for the calculation of energies. Different from the numerical BOPs, the forces in the analytic BOPs correspond exactly to the negative gradients of the energy. This makes it possible to use the analytic BOPs in dynamical simulations and leads to improved predictions of defect energies and phonons as compared to the numerical BOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Čák
- Atomistic Modelling and Simulation, ICAMS, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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