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Zhang Y, Li Y, You Q, Sun J, Li K, Hong H, Kong L, Zhu M, Deng T, Liu Z. A broadband 3D microtubular photodetector based on a single wall carbon nanotube-graphene heterojunction. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1402-1411. [PMID: 36594359 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) photodetector based on a single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and graphene heterojunction has been fabricated by a self-rolled-up process. In the designed structure, graphene acted as the conductive channel and SWCNTs absorbed the incident light ranging from the visible to near-infrared bands. Compared to planar (two-dimensional, 2D) devices, 3D microcavities provided a natural resonant cavity to enhance the optical field, which improved the photoresponsivity. This 3D heterojunction photodetector realized a broadband photodetection from 470 to 940 nm with an ultrahigh photoresponsivity of 4.9 × 104 A W-1 (@ 590 nm) and 1.9 × 104 A W-1 (@ 940 nm), a fast photoresponse speed of 1.6 ms, and an excellent sensitivity of 2.28 × 1011 Jones. Besides, the fabricated photodetector showed favorable mid-infrared detection with a photoresponsivity of 3.08 A W-1 at 10.6 μm. Moreover, the photodetector exhibited a promising room-temperature imaging capability. The 3D heterojunction photodetector would provide a feasible pathway to realize graphene-based photodetectors with high performance and could be extended to be integrated with other light absorptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Yuning Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Qing You
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Jingye Sun
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Ke Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Hao Hong
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Tao Deng
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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2
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Chen C, Liu Y, Jiang ZY, Shen C, Zhang Y, Zhong F, Chen L, Zhu S, Liu H. Large-area long-wave infrared broadband all-dielectric metasurface absorber based on markless laser direct writing lithography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:13391-13403. [PMID: 35472952 DOI: 10.1364/oe.447783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scalable and low-cost manufacturing of broadband absorbers for use in the long-wave infrared region are of enormous importance in various applications, such as infrared thermal imaging, radiative cooling, thermal photovoltaics and infrared sensor. In recent years, a plethora of broadband absorption metasurfaces made of metal nano-resonators with plasmon resonance have been synthesized. Still, their disadvantages in terms of complex structure, production equipment, and fabrication throughput, limit their future commercial applications. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a broadband large-area all-dielectric metasurface absorber comprised of silicon (Si) arrys of square resonators and a silicon nitride (Si3N4) film in the long-wave infrared region. The multiple Mie resonance modes generated in a single-size Si resonator are utilized to enhance the absorption of the Si3N4 film to achieve broadband absorption. At the same time, the transversal optical (TO) phonon resonance of Si3N4 and the Si resonator's magnetic dipole resonance are coupled to achieve a resonator size-insensitive absorption peak. The metasurface absorber prepared by using maskless laser direct writing technology displays an average absorption of 90.36% and a peak absorption of 97.55% in the infrared region of 8 to 14 µm, and still maintains an average absorption of 88.27% at a inciedent angle of 40°. The experimentally prepared 2 cm × 3 cm patterned metasurface absorber by markless laser direct writing lithography (MLDWL) exhibits spatially selective absorption and the thermal imaging of the sample shows that the maximum temperature difference of 17.3 °C can exist at the boundary.
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Qi T, Yu Y, Hu Y, Li K, Guo N, Jia Y. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Germanium Heterojunction for High-Performance Near-Infrared Photodetector. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081258. [PMID: 35457966 PMCID: PMC9024978 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we report on a high-performance near-infrared (near-IR) photodetector based on single-walled carbon nanotube-germanium (SWCNT-Ge) heterojunction by assembling SWCNT films onto n-type Ge substrate with ozone treatment. The ozone doping enhances the conductivity of carbon nanotube films and the formed interfacial oxide layer (GeOx) suppresses the leakage current and carriers’ recombination. The responsivity and detectivity in the near-IR region are estimated to be 362 mA W−1 and 7.22 × 1011 cm Hz1/2 W−1, respectively, which are three times the value of the untreated device. Moreover, a rapid response time of ~11 μs is obtained simultaneously. These results suggest that the simple SWCNT-Ge structure and ozone treatment method might be utilized to fabricate high-performance and low-cost near-IR photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qi
- Department of Communication Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (K.L.)
| | - Yaolun Yu
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (K.L.)
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (K.L.)
| | - Kangjie Li
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (K.L.)
| | - Nan Guo
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yi Jia
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (Y.J.)
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Chen H, Zhu J, Cao Y, Wei J, Lv B, Hu Q, Sun JL. Significantly enhanced photoresponse of carbon nanotube films modified with cesium tungsten bronze nanoclusters in the visible to short-wave infrared range. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39646-39656. [PMID: 35494114 PMCID: PMC9044607 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06817b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) films are promising materials for application in ultra-broadband photodetectors because their absorption range covers the entire spectrum from ultraviolet to the terahertz region, and their detection mechanism is the bolometric effect. Because of the different and limited photothermal conversion efficiencies of CNTs with respect to various wavelengths, the response performance of existing photodetector devices is unsatisfactory, particularly in the infrared band. In this paper, we propose for the first time the use of cesium tungsten bronze (CsxWO3) nanomaterials, which have strong infrared absorption and excellent photothermal conversion properties, to decorate a CNT film for construction of a CsxWO3–CNT composite film photodetector. When compared with CNT-based film photodetectors, the proposed CsxWO3–CNT composite film photodetector shows a significantly enhanced broadband photoresponse over the range from visible light (405 nm) to the short-wave infrared (1550 nm) region, with an average increase in responsivity of 400% and an average increase in specific detectivity of 549%. In addition, the CsxWO3–CNT photodetector shows a fast photoresponse, with a rise time of only 28 ms, which represents a 30% improvement over that of the CNT photodetector. This paper thus provides a new concept for the design of a high-performance broadband photodetector. Compared with CNT film detectors, the CsxWO3–CNT composite film detector shows a significantly enhanced photoresponse from visible light to short-wave infrared region, with an average increase of 400% in responsivity and 549% in specific detectivity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science &Technology University Beijing 100192 People's Republic of China
| | - Junyi Zhu
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science &Technology University Beijing 100192 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science &Technology University Beijing 100192 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinquan Wei
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Education Ministry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Bocheng Lv
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Lin Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 People's Republic of China
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Chen C, Huang Y, Wu K, Bifano TG, Anderson SW, Zhao X, Zhang X. Polarization insensitive, metamaterial absorber-enhanced long-wave infrared detector. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:28843-28857. [PMID: 33114794 DOI: 10.1364/oe.403105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Detecting low energy photons, such as photons in the long-wave infrared range, is a technically challenging proposition using naturally occurring materials. In order to address this challenge, we herein demonstrate a micro-bolometer featuring an integrated metamaterial absorber (MA), which takes advantage of the resonant absorption and frequency selective properties of the MA. Importantly, our micro-bolometer exhibits polarization insensitivity and high absorption due to a novel metal-insulator-metal (MIM) absorber design, operating at 8-12 µm wavelength. The metamaterial structures we report herein feature an interconnected design, optimized towards their application to micro-bolometer-based, long-wave infrared detection. The micro-bolometers were fabricated using a combination of conventional photolithography and electron beam lithography (EBL), the latter owing to the small feature sizes within the design. The absorption response was designed using the coupled mode theory (CMT) and the finite integration technique, with the fabricated devices characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The metamaterial-based micro-bolometer exhibits a responsivity of approximately 198 V/W over the 8-12 µm wavelength regime, detectivity of ∼ 0.6 × 109 Jones, thermal response time of ∼ 3.3 ms, and a noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of ∼33 mK under 1mA biasing current at room-temperature and atmosphere pressure. The ultimate detectivity and NETD are limited by Johnson noise and heat loss with thermal convection through air; however, further optimization could be achieved by reducing the thermal conductivity via vacuum packaging. Under vacuum conditions, the detectivity may be increased in excess of two-fold, to ∼ 1.5 × 109 Jones. Finally, an infrared image of a soldering iron was generated using a single-pixel imaging process, serving as proof-of-concept of this detection platform. The results presented in this work pave the road towards high-efficiency and frequency-selective detection in the long-wave infrared range through the integration of infrared MAs with micro-bolometers.
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Deng W, Chen X, Li Y, You C, Chu F, Li S, An B, Ma Y, Liao L, Zhang Y. Strain Effect Enhanced Ultrasensitive MoS 2 Nanoscroll Avalanche Photodetector. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4490-4497. [PMID: 32383880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials and their derived quasi one-dimensional structure provide incredible possibilities for the field of photoelectric detection due to their intrinsic optical and electrical properties. However, the photogenerated carriers in atomically thin media are poor due to the low optical absorption, which greatly limits their performance. Here, in the MoS2 nanoscroll photodetector, we meticulously investigated the avalanche multiplication effect. The results show that by employing the nanoscroll structure, the required threshold electrical field for triggering avalanche multiplication is significantly lower than that of MoS2 flake due to the modulation of the energy band and intervalley scattering through the strain effect. Consequently, avalanche multiplication could efficiently enhance the photoresponsivity to >104 A/W. Furthermore, enhanced avalanche multiplication could be generalized to other TMDCs through theoretical prediction. The results not only are significant for the understanding of the intrinsic nature of 2D materials but also reveal meaningful advances in high-performance and low-power consumption photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yufo Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Congya You
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Feihong Chu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Songyu Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Boxing An
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yang Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lei Liao
- School of Physics & Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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7
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Nandi S, Misra A. Spray Coating of Two-Dimensional Suspended Film of Vanadium Oxide-Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Fabrication of a Large Volume Infrared Bolometer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1315-1321. [PMID: 31823606 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel spray coating and transfer method is developed for fabricating a suspended bolometer of vanadium oxide-coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VCNTs). A parametric study was performed to evaluate the effect of the substrate, modulation frequency, and temperature on the bolometric performance and revealed that the performance of the bolometer solely does not depend on the substrate parameter but modulation frequency and bias current as a function of temperature also play a key attribute. The TCR (temperature coefficient of resistance) of the suspended VCNT bolometer is ∼-0.41%/K which is ∼486% higher than the reported suspended multiwalled CNTs at 300 K. Moreover, the suspended bolometer has a voltage responsivity of ∼67.42 ± 5.46 V/W (∼7.68 times that of unsuspended) at 200 K. Thus, the study presents an efficient method to develop the suspended bolometer that has not been realized so far to obtain much higher TCR and responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Nandi
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore , Karnataka 560012 , India
| | - Abha Misra
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore , Karnataka 560012 , India
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8
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Yang H, Tan C, Deng C, Zhang R, Zheng X, Zhang X, Hu Y, Guo X, Wang G, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Peng G, Peng H, Zhang X, Qin S. Bolometric Effect in Bi 2 O 2 Se Photodetectors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1904482. [PMID: 31512402 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bi2 O2 Se is emerging as a photosensitive functional material for optoelectronics, and its photodetection mechanism is mostly considered to be a photoconductive regime in previous reports. Here, the bolometric effect is discovered in Bi2 O2 Se photodetectors. The coexistence of photoconductive effect and bolometric effect is generally observed in multiwavelength photoresponse measurements and then confirmed with microscale local heating experiments. The unique photoresponse of Bi2 O2 Se photodetectors may arise from a change of hot electrons during temperature rises instead of photoexcited holes and electrons. Direct proof of the bolometric effect is achieved by real-time temperature tracking of Bi2 O2 Se photodetectors under time evolution after light excitation. Moreover, the Bi2 O2 Se bolometer shows a high temperature coefficient of resistance (-1.6% K-1 ), high bolometric coefficient (-31 nA K-1 ), and high bolometric responsivity (>320 A W-1 ). These findings offer a new approach to develop bolometric photodetectors based on Bi2 O2 Se layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Congwei Tan
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chuyun Deng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Renyan Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhe Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Hu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guang Wang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Tian Jiang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Gang Peng
- College of Arts and Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Peng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xueao Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shiqiao Qin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
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Safaei A, Modak S, Lee J, Chandra S, Franklin D, Vázquez-Guardado A, Chanda D. Multi-spectral frequency selective mid-infrared microbolometers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:32931-32940. [PMID: 30645453 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.032931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Frequency selective detection of low energy photons is a scientific challenge using natural materials. A hypothetical surface which functions like a light funnel with very low thermal mass in order to enhance photon collection and suppress background thermal noise is the ideal solution to address both low temperature and frequency selective detection limitations of present detection systems. Here, we present a cavity-coupled quasi-three dimensional plasmonic crystal which induces impedance matching to the free space giving rise to extraordinary transmission through the sub-wavelength aperture array like a "light funnel" in coupling low energy incident photons resulting in frequency selective perfect (~100%) absorption of the incident radiation and zero back reflection. The peak wavelength of absorption of the incident light is almost independent of the angle of incidence and remains within 20% of its maximum (100%) up to θi≤45˚. This perfect absorption results from the incident light-driven localized edge "micro-plasma" currents on the lossy metallic surfaces. The wide-angle light funneling is validated with experimental measurements. Further, a super-lattice based electronic biasing circuit converts the absorbed narrow linewidth (Δλ/λ0< 0.075) photon energy inside the sub-wavelength thick film (< λ/100) to voltage output with high signal to noise ratio close to the theoretical limit. Such artificial plasmonic surfaces enable flexible scaling of light funneling response to any wavelength range by simple dimensional changes paving the path towards room temperature frequency selective low energy photon detection.
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Briones E, Ruiz-Cruz R, Briones J, Gonzalez N, Simon J, Arreola M, Alvarez-Alvarez G. Particle swarm optimization of nanoantenna-based infrared detectors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:28484-28496. [PMID: 30470020 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.028484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The multi-resonant response of three-steps tapered dipole nano-antennas, coupled to a resistive and fast micro-bolometer, is investigated for the efficient sensing in the infrared band. The proposed devices are designed to operate at 10.6 μm, regime where the complex refractive index of metals becomes important, in contrast to the visible counterpart, and where a full parametric analysis is performed. By using a particle swarm algorithm (PSO) the geometry was adjusted to match the impedance between the nanoantenna and the micro-bolometer, reducing the return losses by a factor of 650%. This technique is compared to standards matching techniques based on transmission lines, showing better accuracy. Tapered dipoles therefore open the route towards an efficient energy transfer between load elements and resonant nanoantennas.
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11
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Barbero DR, Stranks SD. Functional Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Nanoengineered Networks for Organic- and Perovskite-Solar-Cell Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:9668-9685. [PMID: 27633954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have a variety of remarkable electronic and mechanical properties that, in principle, lend them to promising optoelectronic applications. However, the field has been plagued by heterogeneity in the distributions of synthesized tubes and uncontrolled bundling, both of which have prevented nanotubes from reaching their full potential. Here, a variety of recently demonstrated solution-processing avenues is presented, which may combat these challenges through manipulation of nanoscale structures. Recent advances in polymer-wrapping of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are shown, along with how the resulting nanostructures can selectively disperse tubes while also exploiting the favorable properties of the polymer, such as light-harvesting ability. New methods to controllably form nanoengineered SWNT networks with controlled nanotube placement are discussed. These nanoengineered networks decrease bundling, lower the percolation threshold, and enable a strong enhancement in charge conductivity compared to random networks, making them potentially attractive for optoelectronic applications. Finally, SWNT applications, to date, in organic and perovskite photovoltaics are reviewed, and insights as to how the aforementioned recent advancements can lead to improved device performance provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Barbero
- Nano-Engineered Materials and Organic Electronics Laboratory, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Samuel D Stranks
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
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12
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Park S, Kim SJ, Nam JH, Pitner G, Lee TH, Ayzner AL, Wang H, Fong SW, Vosgueritchian M, Park YJ, Brongersma ML, Bao Z. Significant enhancement of infrared photodetector sensitivity using a semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube/C60 phototransistor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:759-765. [PMID: 25607919 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive single-walled carbon nanotube/C60 -based infrared photo-transistor is fabricated with a responsivity of 97.5 A W(-1) and detectivity of 1.17 × 10(9) Jones at 1 kHz under a source/drain bias of -0.5 V. The much improved performance is enabled by this unique device architecture that enables a high photoconductive gain of ≈10(4) with a response time of several milliseconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Durand Building, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305-4034, USA
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13
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Lai C, Zhou H, Zhu Y. Silver-decorated aligned CNT arrays as SERS substrates by high temperature annealing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:21157-21166. [PMID: 25321496 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.021157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A feasible way to synthesize a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate has been developed, where Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) of different size and morphology are assembled on the surface and sidewalls of the aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays via magnetron sputtering and high-temperature annealing. Our results show that the optimized substrate is performed by annealing temperature at 450 °C for 30 min. The state of the obtained AgNPs makes a significant contribution to the high sensitivity of SERS to R6G molecules, and the substrate has an enhancement factor (EF) on the order of ~10¹⁰. Meanwhile, the Ag/CNT arrays keep a good reproducibility with the average RSD values being less than 0.01 for all major Raman peaks. The temporal stability of our substrates has been also appeared, which indicates that the Ag/CNT arrays can be used as stable substrates for the production of enhanced SERS signals for up to three months under ambient conditions.
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Makaryan T, Esconjauregui S, Gonçalves M, Yang J, Sugime H, Nille D, Renganathan PR, Goldberg-Oppenheimer P, Robertson J. Hybrids of carbon nanotube forests and gold nanoparticles for improved surface plasmon manipulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:5344-5349. [PMID: 24720777 DOI: 10.1021/am501863g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the fabrication and characterization of hybrids of vertically-aligned carbon nanotube forests and gold nanoparticles for improved manipulation of their plasmonic properties. Raman spectroscopy of nanotube forests performed at the separation area of nanotube-nanoparticles shows a scattering enhancement factor of the order of 1 × 10(6). The enhancement is related to the plasmonic coupling of the nanoparticles and is potentially applicable in high-resolution scanning near-field optical microscopy, plasmonics, and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taron Makaryan
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
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