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Barettin D. State of the Art of Continuous and Atomistic Modeling of Electromechanical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1820. [PMID: 37368250 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The main intent of this paper is to present an exhaustive description of the most relevant mathematical models for the electromechanical properties of heterostructure quantum dots. Models are applied both to wurtzite and zincblende quantum dot due to the relevance they have shown for optoelectronic applications. In addition to a complete overview of the continuous and atomistic models for the electromechanical fields, analytical results will be presented for some relevant approximations, some of which are unpublished, such as models in cylindrical approximation or a cubic approximation for the transformation of a zincblende parametrization to a wurtzite one and vice versa. All analytical models will be supported by a wide range of numerical results, most of which are also compared with experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Barettin
- Daniele Barettin of Electronic Engineering, Università Niccoló Cusano, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Barettin D, Shtrom IV, Reznik RR, Cirlin GE. Model of a GaAs Quantum Dot in a Direct Band Gap AlGaAs Wurtzite Nanowire. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111737. [PMID: 37299640 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a study with a numerical model based on k→·p→, including electromechanical fields, to evaluate the electromechanical and optoelectronic properties of single GaAs quantum dots embedded in direct band gap AlGaAs nanowires. The geometry and the dimensions of the quantum dots, in particular the thickness, are obtained from experimental data measured by our group. We also present a comparison between the experimental and numerically calculated spectra to support the validity of our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Barettin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Università Niccoló Cusano, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Igor V Shtrom
- Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 13B, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Rodion R Reznik
- Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 13B, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physics, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr. 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physics, Alferov University, Khlopina 8/3, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - George E Cirlin
- Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 13B, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physics, ITMO University, Kronverkskiy pr. 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physics, Alferov University, Khlopina 8/3, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Rizhsky 26, 190103 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Barettin D, Sakharov AV, Tsatsulnikov AF, Nikolaev AE, Pecchia A, Auf der Maur M, Karpov SY, Cherkashin N. Impact of Local Composition on the Emission Spectra of InGaN Quantum-Dot LEDs. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1367. [PMID: 37110952 PMCID: PMC10145816 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A possible solution for the realization of high-efficiency visible light-emitting diodes (LEDs) exploits InGaN-quantum-dot-based active regions. However, the role of local composition fluctuations inside the quantum dots and their effect of the device characteristics have not yet been examined in sufficient detail. Here, we present numerical simulations of a quantum-dot structure restored from an experimental high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image. A single InGaN island with the size of ten nanometers and nonuniform indium content distribution is analyzed. A number of two- and three-dimensional models of the quantum dot are derived from the experimental image by a special numerical algorithm, which enables electromechanical, continuum k→·p→, and empirical tight-binding calculations, including emission spectra prediction. Effectiveness of continuous and atomistic approaches are compared, and the impact of InGaN composition fluctuations on the ground-state electron and hole wave functions and quantum dot emission spectrum is analyzed in detail. Finally, comparison of the predicted spectrum with the experimental one is performed to assess the applicability of various simulation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Barettin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Università Niccoló Cusano, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexei V. Sakharov
- Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, 26 Polytekhnicheskaya str., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.S.); (A.F.T.); (A.E.N.)
| | - Andrey F. Tsatsulnikov
- Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, 26 Polytekhnicheskaya str., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.S.); (A.F.T.); (A.E.N.)
| | - Andrey E. Nikolaev
- Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, 26 Polytekhnicheskaya str., 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.S.); (A.F.T.); (A.E.N.)
| | | | - Matthias Auf der Maur
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergey Yu. Karpov
- Soft-Impact, Ltd., P.O. Box 83, 27 Engels ave., 194156 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikolay Cherkashin
- CEMES-CNRS and Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, F-31055 Toulouse, CEDEX 4, France
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Barettin D, Shtrom IV, Reznik RR, Mikushev SV, Cirlin GE, Auf der Maur M, Akopian N. Direct Band Gap AlGaAs Wurtzite Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:895-901. [PMID: 36649590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wurtzite AlGaAs is a technologically promising yet unexplored material. Here we study it both experimentally and numerically. We develop a complete numerical model based on an 8-band k→·p→ method, including electromechanical fields, and calculate the optoelectronic properties of wurtzite AlGaAs nanowires with different Al content. We then compare them with our experimental data. Our results strongly suggest that wurtzite AlGaAs is a direct band gap material. Moreover, we have also numerically obtained the band gap of wurtzite AlAs and the valence band offset between AlAs and GaAs in the wurtzite symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Barettin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano - Telematica, via don Carlo Gnocchi 3, Rome00166, Italy
| | - Igor V Shtrom
- St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg199034, Russian Federation
- Alferov University, Saint Petersburg194021, Russian Federation
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg190103, Russian Federation
| | - Rodion R Reznik
- St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg199034, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Mikushev
- St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg199034, Russian Federation
| | - George E Cirlin
- St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg199034, Russian Federation
- Alferov University, Saint Petersburg194021, Russian Federation
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg190103, Russian Federation
| | - Matthias Auf der Maur
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome00133, Italy
| | - Nika Akopian
- DTU Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby2800, Denmark
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Germanium Nanowires as Sensing Devices: Modelization of Electrical Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020507. [PMID: 33671353 PMCID: PMC8061886 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we model the electrical properties of germanium nanowires with a particular focus on physical mechanisms of electrical molecular sensing. We use the Tibercad software to solve the drift-diffusion equations in 3D and we validate the model against experimental data, considering a p-doped nanowire with surface traps. We simulate three different types of interactions: (1) Passivation of surface traps; (2) Additional surface charges; (3) Charge transfer from molecules to nanowires. By analyzing simulated I–V characteristics, we observe that: (i) the largest change in current occurs with negative charges on the surfaces; (ii) charge transfer provides relevant current changes only for very high values of additional doping; (iii) for certain values of additional n-doping ambipolar currents could be obtained. The results of these simulations highlight the complexity of the molecular sensing mechanism in nanowires, that depends not only on the NW parameters but also on the properties of the molecules. We expect that these findings will be valuable to extend the knowledge of molecular sensing by germanium nanowires, a fundamental step to develop novel sensors based on these nanostructures.
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Bolli E, Mezzi A, Burratti L, Prosposito P, Casciardi S, Kaciulis S. X‐ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopy of Ag nanoclusters. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bolli
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials ISMN‐CNR Rome Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy
| | - Alessio Mezzi
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials ISMN‐CNR Rome Italy
| | - Luca Burratti
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy
| | - Paolo Prosposito
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL) Rome Italy
| | - Saulius Kaciulis
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials ISMN‐CNR Rome Italy
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Abstract
This review provides an up-to-date overview on silver nanoparticles-based materials suitable as optical sensors for water pollutants. The topic is really hot considering the implications for human health and environment due to water pollutants. In fact, the pollutants present in the water disturb the spontaneity of life-related mechanisms, such as the synthesis of cellular constituents and the transport of nutrients into cells, and this causes long / short-term diseases. For this reason, research continuously tends to develop always innovative, selective and efficient processes / technologies to remove pollutants from water. In this paper we will report on the silver nanoparticles synthesis, paying attention to the stabilizers and mostly used ligands, to the characterizations, to the properties and applications as colorimetric sensors for water pollutants. As water pollutants our attention will be focused on several heavy metals ions, such as Hg(II), Ni(II),Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Cr(III/V) Co(II) Cd(II), Pb(II), due to their dangerous effects on human health. In addition, several systems based on silver nanoparticles employed as pesticides colorimetric sensors in water will be also discussed. All of this with the aim to provide to readers a guide about recent advanced silver nanomaterials, used as colorimetric sensors in water.
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Abstract
Metal nanoparticles have attracted more and more attention in the last years due to their unique chemical and physical properties which are very different from the metal bulk material. In particular, when the size of nanoparticles decreases below two nm, nanoparticles can be described as nanoclusters (NCs), and they present peculiar optical properties. The excited electrons in addition to specific absorption bands show also a bright luminescence related to the quantum size effect which produce discrete energy levels. Optical properties (absorption and fluorescence) of these NCs are widely used in many different applications in science and engineering, such as chemical sensors, fluorescent probes for bio imaging or in environmental issues. In the present study, we report on the synthesis of silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) in aqueous phase using silver nitrate as precursor salt and L-Glutathione (GSH) as stabilizer. AgNCs were characterized using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The strong absorption and luminescence shown by these NCs are very promising for a possible exploitation both as label for bioimaging and for optical sensors for heavy metal ions.
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Burratti L, Casalboni M, De Matteis F, Pizzoferrato R, Prosposito P. Polystyrene Opals Responsive to Methanol Vapors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1547. [PMID: 30154304 PMCID: PMC6165557 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PCs) show reflectance spectra depending on the geometrical structure of the crystal, the refractive index (neff), and the light incident angle, according to the Bragg-Snell law. Three-dimensional photonic crystals (3D-PCs) composed of polymeric sub-micrometer spheres, are arranged in an ordered face cubic centered (fcc) lattice and are good candidates for vapor sensing by exploiting changes of the reflectance spectra. We synthesized high quality polystyrene (PS) 3D-PCs, commonly called opals, with a filling factor f near to the ideal value of 0.74 and tested their optical response in the presence of different concentrations of methanol (MeOH) vapor. When methanol was present in the voids of the photonic crystals, the reflectance spectra experienced energy shifts. The concentration of methyl alcohol vapor can be inferred, due to a linear dependence of the reflectance band maximum wavelength as a function of the vapor concentration. We tested the reversibility of the process and the time stability of the system. A limit of detection (LOD) equal to 5% (v/v₀), where v was the volume of methanol and v₀ was the total volume of the solution (methanol and water), was estimated. A model related to capillary condensation for intermediate and high methanol concentrations was discussed. Moreover, a swelling process of the PS spheres was invoked to fully understand the unexpected energy shift found for very high methanol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Burratti
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mauro Casalboni
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Centre of Regenerative Medicine of University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio De Matteis
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Centre of Regenerative Medicine of University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Pizzoferrato
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Prosposito
- Industrial Engineering Department, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Centre of Regenerative Medicine of University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Mochi F, Burratti L, Fratoddi I, Venditti I, Battocchio C, Carlini L, Iucci G, Casalboni M, De Matteis F, Casciardi S, Nappini S, Pis I, Prosposito P. Plasmonic Sensor Based on Interaction between Silver Nanoparticles and Ni 2+ or Co 2+ in Water. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8070488. [PMID: 30004404 PMCID: PMC6070780 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles capped with 3-mercapto-1propanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AgNPs-3MPS), able to interact with Ni2+ or Co2+, have been prepared to detect these heavy metal ions in water. This system works as an optical sensor and it is based on the change of the intensity and shape of optical absorption peak due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) when the AgNPs-3MPS are in presence of metals ions in a water solution. We obtain a specific sensitivity to Ni2+ and Co2+ up to 500 ppb (part per billion). For a concentration of 1 ppm (part per million), the change in the optical absorption is strong enough to produce a colorimetric effect on the solution, easily visible with the naked eye. In addition to the UV-VIS characterizations, morphological and dimensional studies were carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, the systems were investigated by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS). On the basis of the results, the mechanism responsible for the AgNPs-3MPS interaction with Ni2+ and Co2+ (in the range of 0.5⁻2.0 ppm) looks like based on the coordination compounds formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mochi
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luca Burratti
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Fratoddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00187 Rome, Italy.
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University of Rome Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University of Rome Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Carlini
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University of Rome Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University of Rome Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mauro Casalboni
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio De Matteis
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
| | - Silvia Nappini
- IOM-CNR Laboratorio TASC, SS 14, km 163,5 Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Igor Pis
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14, km 163.5 Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Paolo Prosposito
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Barettin D, Auf der Maur M, di Carlo A, Pecchia A, Tsatsulnikov AF, Lundin WV, Sakharov AV, Nikolaev AE, Korytov M, Cherkashin N, Hÿtch MJ, Karpov SY. Carrier transport and emission efficiency in InGaN quantum-dot based light-emitting diodes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:275201. [PMID: 28612754 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa75a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of blue III-nitride light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with multiple quantum well (MQW) and quantum dot (QD) active regions (ARs), comparing experimental and theoretical results. The LED samples were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy, utilizing growth interruption in the hydrogen/nitrogen atmosphere and variable reactor pressure to control the AR microstructure. Realistic configuration of the QD AR implied in simulations was directly extracted from HRTEM characterization of the grown QD-based structures. Multi-scale 2D simulations of the carrier transport inside the multiple QD AR have revealed a non-trivial pathway for carrier injection into the dots. Electrons and holes are found to penetrate deep into the multi-layer AR through the gaps between individual QDs and get into the dots via their side edges rather than via top and bottom interfaces. This enables a more homogeneous carrier distribution among the dots situated in different layers than among the laterally uniform quantum well (QWs) in the MQW AR. As a result, a lower turn-on voltage is predicted for QD-based LEDs, as compared to MQW ones. Simulations did not show any remarkable difference in the efficiencies of the MQW and QD-based LEDs, if the same recombination coefficients are utilized, i.e. a similar crystal quality of both types of LED structures is assumed. Measurements of the current-voltage characteristics of LEDs with both kinds of the AR have shown their close similarity, in contrast to theoretical predictions. This implies the conventional assumption of laterally uniform QWs not to be likely an adequate approximation for the carrier transport in MQW LED structures. Optical characterization of MQW and QD-based LEDs has demonstrated that the later ones exhibit a higher efficiency, which could be attributed to better crystal quality of the grown QD-based structures. The difference in the crystal quality explains the recently observed correlation between the growth pressure of LED structures and their efficiency and should be taken into account while further comparing performances of MQW and QD-based LEDs. In contrast to experimental results, our simulations did not reveal any advantages of using QD-based ARs over the MQW ones, if the same recombination constants are assumed for both cases. This fact demonstrates importance of accounting for growth-dependent factors, like crystal quality, which may limit the device performance. Nevertheless, a more uniform carrier injection into multi-layer QD ARs predicted by modeling may serve as the basis for further improvement of LED efficiency by lowering carrier density in individual QDs and, hence, suppressing the Auger recombination losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Barettin
- UNICUSANO, Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano-Telematica Rome, Italy. Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via del Politecnico 1, I-00133, Rome, Italy
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Prosposito P, Mochi F, Ciotta E, Casalboni M, De Matteis F, Venditti I, Fontana L, Testa G, Fratoddi I. Hydrophilic silver nanoparticles with tunable optical properties: application for the detection of heavy metals in water. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:1654-1661. [PMID: 28144514 PMCID: PMC5238687 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Due their excellent chemo-physical properties and ability to exhibit surface plasmon resonance, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become a material of choice in various applications, such as nanosensors, electronic devices, nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. In particular, from the environmental monitoring perspective, sensors based on silver nanoparticles are in great demand because of their antibacterial and inexpensive synthetic method. In the present study, we synthesized AgNPs in water phase using silver nitrate as precursor molecules, hydrophilic thiol (3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt, 3MPS) and sodium borohydride as capping and reducing agents, respectively. The AgNPs were characterized using techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential (ζ-potential) measurements and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Further, to demonstrate the environmental application of our AgNPs, we also applied them for heavy metal sensing by detecting visible color modification due to SPR spectral changes. We found that these negatively charged AgNPs show good response to nickel (II) and presented good sensibility properties for the detection of low amount of ions in water in the working range of 1.0-0.1 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Prosposito
- Department of Industrial Engineering, INSTM and CIMeR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, V. del Politecnico 1, 00133, Italy
| | - Federico Mochi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, INSTM and CIMeR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, V. del Politecnico 1, 00133, Italy
| | - Erica Ciotta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, INSTM and CIMeR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, V. del Politecnico 1, 00133, Italy
| | - Mauro Casalboni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, INSTM and CIMeR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, V. del Politecnico 1, 00133, Italy
| | - Fabio De Matteis
- Department of Industrial Engineering, INSTM and CIMeR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, V. del Politecnico 1, 00133, Italy
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00187, Italy
| | - Laura Fontana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00187, Italy
| | - Giovanna Testa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00187, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fratoddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00187, Italy
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