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Zhang T, Wei S, Zhang S, Li M, Wang J, Liu J, Wang J, Hu E, Li J. Al Doping Effect on Enhancement of Nonlinear Optical Absorption in Amorphous Bi 2Te 3 Thin Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 18:1372. [PMID: 40141655 PMCID: PMC11943939 DOI: 10.3390/ma18061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2025] [Revised: 03/17/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]
Abstract
Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) has attracted significant attention due to its broadband ultrafast optical response and strong nonlinearity at high laser fluence in the field of optoelectronic materials. The objective of this work is to study the effect of Al doping on the structure, linear optical properties, and nonlinear optical absorption behavior of Bi2Te3 thin films. The amorphous Al-doped Bi2Te3 thin films with varying Al doping concentrations were prepared using magnetron co-sputtering. The structure and linear optical properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and UV/Vis/NIR spectrophotometry. The third-order nonlinear optical absorption properties of Al: Bi2Te3 thin films were investigated using the open-aperture Z-scan system with a 100 fs laser pulse width at a wavelength of 800 nm and a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The results indicate that Al dopant reduces both the refractive index and extinction coefficient and induces a redshift in the optical bandgap. The optical properties of the films can be effectively modulated by varying the Al doping concentration. Compared with undoped Bi2Te3 thin films, Al-doped Bi2Te3 thin films exhibit larger nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and higher damage thresholds and maintaining high transmittance. These findings provide experimental evidence and a reliable approach for the further optimization and design of ultrafast nonlinear optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zhang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Shenjin Wei
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Shubo Zhang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Menghan Li
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingze Liu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Junhua Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Ertao Hu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ultra-Precision Optical Manufacturing Engineering Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.Z.); (S.W.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (J.L.)
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Wang X, Chen A, Wu X, Zhang J, Dong J, Zhang L. Synthesis and Modulation of Low-Dimensional Transition Metal Chalcogenide Materials via Atomic Substitution. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:163. [PMID: 38546814 PMCID: PMC10978568 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, low-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) materials have garnered growing research attention due to their superior electronic, optical, and catalytic properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The controllable synthesis and manipulation of these materials are crucial for tailoring their properties and unlocking their full potential in various applications. In this context, the atomic substitution method has emerged as a favorable approach. It involves the replacement of specific atoms within TMC structures with other elements and possesses the capability to regulate the compositions finely, crystal structures, and inherent properties of the resulting materials. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on various strategies of atomic substitution employed in the synthesis of zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional TMC materials. The effects of substituting elements, substitution ratios, and substitution positions on the structures and morphologies of resulting material are discussed. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance and photovoltaic properties of the obtained materials are also provided, emphasizing the role of atomic substitution in achieving these advancements. Finally, challenges and future prospects in the field of atomic substitution for fabricating low-dimensional TMC materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Akang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - XinLei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jichen Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Leining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Guo L, Lei J, Zhang Y, Duan X, Wang X, Zhang Z, Wei Z, Li L, Guo Q, Liu X, Ning R, Wang J, Hu W, Wu W. MoS 2/MXene pillared nanocomposite for ultrafast photonics applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:315701. [PMID: 35447608 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac68f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we used nanocomposite saturable absorbers (SAs) in order to precisely design and modulate the process of compositing the light absorption by band gap engineering. Due to the higher absorption intensity of our MoS2/MXene nanocomposite, we have successfully shortened the pulse duration (1.2μs) of SA with enhancing saturable absorption intensity (7.22 MW cm-2), and the ultra-fast fiber laser based on this nanocomposite SA has shown wider Q-switching stable range in the case of high pump power. This strategy can efficiently improve the performance of SA and shows the potential application prospect of nanocomposites in nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Guo
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Lei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghao Duan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyun Guo
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Liu
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizhi Ning
- School of Areospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Hu
- School of Areospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, People's Republic of China
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Xu Y, Hu H, Wu H, Xu C, Zhang H, Jin L, Zou Y, Ma X, Yin J. Enhancing Q-Switched Fiber Laser Performance Based on Reverse Saturable and Saturable Absorption Properties of CuCrO 2 Nanoparticle-Polyimide Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21748-21755. [PMID: 33913316 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate CuCrO2 (CCO) nanoparticle (NP)-polyimide (PI) composite film as a saturable absorber (SA) to regulate the output characteristics of passively Q-switched fiber laser at 1.55 μm. Based on the reverse saturable and saturable absorptions of the CCO NP-PI film, the passively Q-switched fiber laser expressed two stages with the increase of pump power for substantial performance enhancement. Reverse saturation absorption is observed to introduce appropriate cavity loss, which constructs effective pathways for promoting both the modulation depth and over threshold degree, as well as reducing the photon lifetime. In particular, our results realized the pulse duration and repetition rate compressing simultaneously for the first time. The second stage output laser exhibits a peak power of 1016 mW and a single pulse energy of 183 nJ, which are about 88 and 9 times higher than those of the first stage. Furthermore, the optical-optical conversion efficiency is up to 1270%. All of these can evidently demonstrate the importance of the appropriate cavity loss design for optimizing the Q-switched pulse laser output characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hanfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongda Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chongyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yonggang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jingzhi Yin
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qian-Jin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Diao M, Li H, Sun Y, Liang Y, Yu Z, Boukhvalov DW, Huang Z, Zhang C. Enhancing Reverse Saturable Absorption in SnS 2 Nanosheets by Plasma Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4211-4219. [PMID: 33438992 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge concerning the influence of defects on the nonlinear optical response of materials remains scarce so far. In this work, we have successfully introduced defects into SnS2 nanosheets by plasma treatment and shown that a defect generation is an effective approach to significantly improve the reverse saturable absorption of SnS2. The SnS2 nanosheets treated with Ar plasma for 40 s exhibit a nonlinear absorption coefficient (β0) as large as (2.9 ± 0.12) × 104 cm GW-1, which is nearly 9 times that of the untreated sample. The influence of Ar-plasma-treatment time, defect type, and defect number on the nonlinear absorption of SnS2 nanosheets are also studied. Structure and spectroscopy characterization confirms the introduction of S and Sn vacancies with Ar-plasma etching. Surface photovoltage spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation indicate that S vacancies can induce in-gap states in the band gap. These in-gap states act as intermediate states for the successive absorption of photons during femtosecond laser excitation (namely, excited-state absorption). In contrast, Sn defects cannot lead to in-gap states and have a limited contribution to nonlinear absorption. Our result would provide a promising way to improve optical nonlinearities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Diao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Sun
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Danil W Boukhvalov
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira Str. 19, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Mao J, Meng X, Yu L, Deng D, Bao X. Catalysis with Two-Dimensional Materials Confining Single Atoms: Concept, Design, and Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1806-1854. [PMID: 30575386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials and single-atom catalysts are two frontier research fields in catalysis. A new category of catalysts with the integration of both aspects has been rapidly developed in recent years, and significant advantages were established to make it an independent research field. In this Review, we will focus on the concept of two-dimensional materials confining single atoms for catalysis. The new electronic states via the integration lead to their mutual benefits in activity, that is, two-dimensional materials with unique geometric and electronic structures can modulate the catalytic performance of the confined single atoms, and in other cases the confined single atoms can in turn affect the intrinsic activity of two-dimensional materials. Three typical two-dimensional materials are mainly involved here, i.e., graphene, g-C3N4, and MoS2, and the confined single atoms include both metal and nonmetal atoms. First, we systematically introduce and discuss the classic synthesis methods, advanced characterization techniques, and various catalytic applications toward two-dimensional materials confining single-atom catalysts. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in this emerging field are featured on the basis of its current development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Jun Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Xianguang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Liang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Dehui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Xinhe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
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