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Park H, Chai K, Kim W, Park J, Lee W, Park J. Asterias forbesi-Inspired SERS Substrates for Wide-Range Detection of Uric Acid. BIOSENSORS 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 38248385 PMCID: PMC10813034 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Uric acid (UA), the final metabolite of purine, is primarily excreted through urine to maintain an appropriate concentration in the bloodstream. However, any malfunction in this process can lead to complications due to either deficiency or excess amount of UA. Hence, the development of a sensor platform with a wide-range detection is crucial. To realize this, we fabricated a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate inspired by a type of starfish with numerous protrusions, Asterias forbesi. The Asterias forbesi-inspired SERS (AF-SERS) substrate utilized an Au@Ag nanostructure and gold nanoparticles to mimic the leg and protrusion morphology of the starfish. This substrate exhibited excellent Raman performance due to numerous hotspots, demonstrating outstanding stability, reproducibility, and repeatability. In laboratory settings, we successfully detected UA down to a concentration of 1.16 nM (limit of detection) and demonstrated selectivity against various metabolites. In the experiments designed for real-world application, the AF-SERS substrate detected a broad range of UA concentrations, covering deficiencies and excesses, in both serum and urine samples. These results underscore the potential of the developed AF-SERS substrate as a practical detection platform for UA in real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjun Park
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (K.C.); (W.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Kyunghwan Chai
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (K.C.); (W.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Woochang Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (K.C.); (W.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Joohyung Park
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (K.C.); (W.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Wonseok Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (K.C.); (W.K.); (J.P.)
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Dai H, Xu X, Li W, Fu X, Han W, Li G. Investigating the Vital Role of the Identified Abietic Acid from Helianthus annuus L. Calathide Extract against Hyperuricemia via Human Embryonic Kidney 293T Cell Model. Molecules 2023; 28:5141. [PMID: 37446803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the anti-hyperuricemia components in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) calathide extract (SCE), we identified abietic acid (AA) via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and found an excellent inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (IC50 = 10.60 µM, Ki = 193.65 nM) without cytotoxicity. Based on the transcriptomics analysis of the human embryonic kidney 293T cell model established using 1 mM uric acid, we evaluated that AA showed opposite modulation of purine metabolism to the UA group and markedly suppressed the intensity of purine nucleoside phosphorylase, ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase 2, and ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A. Molecular docking also reveals the inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase 1. The SCE exhibits similar regulation of these genes, so we conclude that AA was a promising component in SCE against hyperuricemia. This present study provided a novel cell model for screening anti-hyperuricemia natural drugs in vitro and illustrated that AA, a natural diterpenoid, is a potential inhibitor of purine biosynthesis or metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huining Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wannan Li
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Weiwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
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3
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Demers SME, Kuhne WW, Swindle AR, Dick DD, Coopersmith KJ. Quantum Dot-DNA FRET Conjugates for Direct Analysis of Methylphosphonic Acid in Complex Media. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23017-23023. [PMID: 37396263 PMCID: PMC10308513 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Rapid detection of nerve agents from complex matrices with minimal sample preparation is essential due to their high toxicity and bioavailability. In this work, quantum dots (QDs) were functionalized with oligonucleotide aptamers that specifically targeted a nerve agent metabolite, methylphosphonic acid (MePA). These QD-DNA bioconjugates were covalently linked to quencher molecules to form Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor-acceptor pairs that quantitatively measure the presence of MePA. Using the FRET biosensor, the MePA limit of detection was 743 nM in artificial urine. A decrease in the QD lifetime was measured upon DNA binding and was recovered with MePA. The biosensor's flexible design makes it a strong candidate for the rapid detection of chemical and biological agents for deployable, in-field detectors.
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Chu Z, Gong W, Muhammad Y, Shah SJ, Liu Q, Xing L, Zhou X, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Zhao Z. Construction of a nano dispersed Cr/Fe-polycrystalline sensor via high-energy mechanochemistry for simultaneous electrochemical determination of dopamine and uric acid. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:101. [PMID: 36821056 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A bimetallic polycrystalline sensor (Cr/Fe-SNCM) having nanosized and high dispersion was designed and used for the electrochemical simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Catalytic nanosized Cr/Fe were highly anchored on N/S/O-contained porous carbon with high dispersion and polycrystalline Cr/Fe via energetic mechanochemical method and high-temperature carbonization. The obtained Cr/Fe-SNCM exhibited high graphitized carbon supporter and endowed high electron transport and signal output for the whole sensor. Moreover, highly dispersed Cr/Fe sites and the polycrystalline form (metal-N/S/O) efficiently enhanced the catalytic reaction, leading to a limits of detection (based on the 3σ/m criterion) of 25.8 and 22.5 nM for DA and UA, respectively. This is 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than many state-of-the-art reported sensors. The Cr/Fe-SNCM1.0 sensor exhibited wide working range (0.1 to 10.0 μM), high recovery (96-103%) and low relative standard deviation (RSD = 3.2-4.7%) for DA and UA in real serum samples, possessing high significance for practical large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenxue Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yaseen Muhammad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, KP, Pakistan
| | - Syed Jalil Shah
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Linguang Xing
- Guangxi Nanning Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., No. 2, Zhongyu South Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, China
| | - Xueyun Zhou
- Guangxi Nanning Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., No. 2, Zhongyu South Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Guangxi Nanning Baihui Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., No. 2, Zhongyu South Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, China
| | - Zhenxia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhongxing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Han Y, Bian X, Liang M, Li T, Zhu L, Zhao X, You R. Terahertz Enhanced Sensing of Uric Acid Based on Metallic Slot Array Metamaterial. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1902. [PMID: 36363923 PMCID: PMC9694246 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme-free terahertz uric acid sensor based on a metallic slot array metamaterial was proposed and realized both theoretically and experimentally. The sensing model was verified in simulation and femtosecond laser processing technology was employed to ablate slots in the copper plate to fabricate metamaterials. Analytes were tested with liquid phase deposition on the metamaterial by a terahertz frequency domain spectroscopy system. Gradient concentrations of uric acid, ascorbic acid, and a mixture of them were measured separately with a good linear response. A significant decrease in sensitivity was observed in the ascorbic acid assay compared with the uric acid assay. The test results of the mixture also proved that our device is resistant to ascorbic acid. It is a simple and effective method for monitoring uric acid concentrations and the strategy of eliminating interference while modulating the resonance peak location mentioned here can be rationally projected for the development of other sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Han
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Xiaomeng Bian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Misheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Tianshu Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Lianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhao
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui You
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100015, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing 100084, China
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La(OH)3 Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Carbon Paste-Based Sensing Approach for the Detection of Uric Acid—A Product of Environmentally Stressed Cells. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090705. [PMID: 36140095 PMCID: PMC9496040 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to develop an amperometric, non-enzymatic sensor for detecting and quantifying UA as an alert signal induced by allergens with protease activity in human cell lines (HEK293 and HeLa). Uric acid (UA) has been classified as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that serves a physiological purpose inside the cell, while outside the cell it can be an indicator of cell damage. Cell damage or stress can be caused by different health problems or by environmental irritants, such as allergens. We can act and prevent the events that generate stress by determining the extent to which cells are under stress. Amperometric calibration measurements were performed with a carbon paste electrode modified with La(OH)3@MWCNT, at the potential of 0.3 V. The calibration curve was constructed in a linear operating range from 0.67 μM to 121 μM UA. The proposed sensor displayed good reproducibility with an RSD of 3.65% calculated for five subsequent measurements, and a low detection limit of 64.28 nM, determined using the 3 S/m method. Interference studies and the real sample analysis of allergen-treated cell lines proved that the proposed sensing platform possesses excellent sensitivity, reproducibility, and stability. Therefore, it can potentially be used to evaluate stress factors in medical research and clinical practice.
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Treatment with Paracetamol Can Interfere with the Intradialytic Optical Estimation in Spent Dialysate of Uric Acid but Not of Indoxyl Sulfate. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090610. [PMID: 36136548 PMCID: PMC9502103 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical online methods are used to monitor the haemodialysis treatment efficiency of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of the administration of UV-absorbing drugs, such as paracetamol (Par), on the accuracy of optical monitoring the removal of uremic toxins uric acid (UA) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) during standard haemodialysis (HD) and haemodiafiltration (HDF) treatments. Nine patients received Par in daily dosages 1−4 g for 30 sessions. For 137 sessions, in 36 patients the total daily dosage of UV-absorbing drugs was less than 500 mg, and for 6 sessions 3 patients received additional UV-absorbing drugs. Par administration slightly affected the accuracy of optically assessed removal of UA expressed as bias between optically and laboratory-assessed reduction ratios (RR) during HD but not HDF employing UV absorbance of spent dialysate (p < 0.05) at 295 nm wavelength with the strongest correlation between the concentration of UA and absorbance. Corresponding removal of IS based on fluorescence at Ex280/Em400 nm during HD and HDF was not affected. Administration of UV-absorbing drugs may in some settings influence the accuracy of optical assessments in spent dialysate of the removal of uremic solutes during haemodialysis treatment of ESKD patients.
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Label-Free Uric Acid Estimation of Spot Urine Using Portable Device Based on UV Spectrophotometry. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22083009. [PMID: 35458994 PMCID: PMC9025019 DOI: 10.3390/s22083009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of uric acid levels is crucial for the human body. In this study, the feasibility of using portable ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry to measure the uric acid of spot urine without the need to add reagents has been demonstrated for the first time. UV spectral analysis has been used to inspect the uric acid concentration in urine. It is found that the absorption spectrum of urine has a high correlation with the concentration of uric acid at a wavelength of around 290-300 nm. Uric acid levels measured with a spectral analyzer compared to uric acid concentrations measured with a traditional biochemical analysis showed good agreement. The portable prototype is label-free and capable of displaying the inspection result of each measurement within 10 s. In the long run, this device can assist people in checking uric acid levels of spot urine with higher frequency and can adjust diet or medication in real time for more efficient health management.
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Chang YJ, Lee MC, Chien YC. Quantitative determination of uric acid using paper-based biosensor modified with graphene oxide and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol. SLAS Technol 2022; 27:54-62. [PMID: 35058204 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid is the primary end product of human purine metabolism and has been regarded as a key parameter in urine and blood for monitoring physiological conditions. This paper presents a paper-based biosensor for a quantitative determination of uric acid using electrochemical detection. The working electrode of the biosensor is modified with graphene oxide (GO) and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (ATT) by electropolymerizing ATT on the surface of graphene oxide. In this study, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements required only 200 μL of analyte solution. The experimental results showed that the oxidation peak current increased as the concentration of uric acid become higher and exhibited a linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.1-10 mM, indicating that this proposed biosensor has high sensitivity. In addition, this biosensor has good selectivity to detect uric acid because ATT has a specific binding with it. In human blood and body fluids, nitrites may be the only factor that can interfere with the detection of uric acid using this proposed biosensor. Nevertheless, uric acid can be discriminated from nitrite in the CV measurement due to different oxidation potentials. Thus, this proposed paper-based biosensor is a promising tool for detecting uric acid in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw-Jen Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Che Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, 32023, Taiwan
| | - You-Chiuan Chien
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City, 32023, Taiwan; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
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Safitri H, Wahyuni WT, Rohaeti E, Khalil M, Marken F. Optimization of uric acid detection with Au nanorod-decorated graphene oxide (GO/AuNR) using response surface methodology. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25269-25278. [PMID: 36199297 PMCID: PMC9450001 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03782c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was developed based on a synthesized graphene oxide (GO) gold nanorod (AuNR) decorated composite (GO/AuNR) for sensitive electrochemical sensing of uric acid (UA). The electrochemical performance of GO/AuNR/GCE for UA detection was investigated employing the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to obtain the optimum composition of the GO and AuNR composite, which provide the highest possible UA oxidation peak current. The optimum composition was obtained at a GO concentration of 5 mg mL−1 and AuNR volume of 10 mL. Under the optimum conditions, GO/AuNR/GCE showed acceptable analytical performance for UA detection with good linearity (concentration range of 10–90 μM) and both a low detection limit (0.4 μM) and quantitation limit (1.0 μM). Furthermore, the proposed sensor exhibits superior stability, reproducibility, and selectivity using ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), urea, glucose, and magnesium as interferents. Finally, practical use of GO/AuNR/GCE was demonstrated by successfully determining the content of UA in human urine samples with the standard addition approach. Optimization of graphene oxide and Au Nanorod composite and application of GO/AuNR modified electrode for uric acid detection.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Safitri
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Indonesia
| | - Wulan Tri Wahyuni
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Empowerment, IPB University, Indonesia
| | - Eti Rohaeti
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Indonesia
| | - Munawar Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
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11
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Oral Delivery of Peptide Formulations and Their Cellular Evaluation. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Li F, Rui J, Yan Z, Qiu P, Tang X. A highly sensitive dual-read assay using nitrogen-doped carbon dots for the quantitation of uric acid in human serum and urine samples. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:311. [PMID: 34455515 PMCID: PMC8403067 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple dual-read assay for uric acid (UA) was developed based on a combined ratiometric fluorescent and colorimetric strategy using nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs). The biosensor relies on the oxidation of UA by uricase to produce H2O2, which was then converted to •OH radicals by I-, resulting in the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP). In the presence of UA, the colorless biosensor system changed to yellow. Furthermore, the presence of DAP quenched the fluorescence emission of the N-CDs at 427 nm based on the inner filter effect (IFE). With increasing UA concentrations, the fluorescence intensity of the biosensor at 427 nm decreased but increased at 580 nm, demonstrating the ratiometric response. A strong linearity was observed between the fluorescence intensity ratio of DAP to N-CDs (I580/I427) and the corresponding UA concentration over the range 0.5-150 μM, and a limit of detection (S/N ratio of 3) of 0.06 μM was calculated. The dual-read assay was successfully employed in the quantitation of UA in human serum and urine samples, revealing its potential for measuring UA in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jiahan Rui
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ziyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ping Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Xiaomin Tang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330003, China
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Von Seggern M, Szarowicz C, Swanson M, Cavotta S, Pike ST, Lamberts JT. Purine molecules in Parkinson's disease: Analytical techniques and clinical implications. Neurochem Int 2020; 139:104793. [PMID: 32650026 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects patients over the age of 65. PD is characterized by loss of neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine deficiency in the striatum. Once PD is clinically diagnosed by the observation of motor dysfunction, the disease is already in its advance stages. Consequently, there is a major push to identify clinical biomarkers that are useful for the earlier detection of PD. Using untargeted metabolomics, several research groups have identified purine molecules, and specifically urate, as important biomarkers related to PD. This review will summarize recent findings in the field of purine metabolomics and biomarker identification for PD, including in the areas of PD pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. In addition, this article will summarize and examine the primary research techniques that are employed to quantify purine molecules in both experimental systems and human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlye Szarowicz
- College of Arts & Sciences, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA; Shimadzu Core Laboratory for Academic and Research Excellence, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Swanson
- College of Arts & Sciences, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA; Shimadzu Core Laboratory for Academic and Research Excellence, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Samantha Cavotta
- College of Pharmacy, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Schuyler T Pike
- College of Arts & Sciences, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA; Shimadzu Core Laboratory for Academic and Research Excellence, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huangshan University, Huangshan, China
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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