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Hernández ÁP, Chaparro-González L, Garzo-Sánchez O, Arias-Hidalgo C, Juanes-Velasco P, García PA, Castro MÁ, Fuentes M. Podophyllic Aldehyde, a Podophyllotoxin Derivate, Elicits Different Cell Cycle Profiles Depending on the Tumor Cell Line: A Systematic Proteomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4631. [PMID: 38731850 PMCID: PMC11083757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
When new antitumor therapy drugs are discovered, it is essential to address new target molecules from the point of view of chemical structure and to carry out efficient and systematic evaluation. In the case of natural products and derived compounds, it is of special importance to investigate chemomodulation to further explore antitumoral pharmacological activities. In this work, the compound podophyllic aldehyde, a cyclolignan derived from the chemomodulation of the natural product podophyllotoxin, has been evaluated for its viability, influence on the cell cycle, and effects on intracellular signaling. We used functional proteomics characterization for the evaluation. Compared with the FDA-approved drug etoposide (another podophyllotoxin derivative), we found interesting results regarding the cytotoxicity of podophyllic aldehyde. In addition, we were able to observe the effect of mitotic arrest in the treated cells. The use of podophyllic aldehyde resulted in increased cytotoxicity in solid tumor cell lines, compared to etoposide, and blocked the cycle more successfully than etoposide. High-throughput analysis of the deregulated proteins revealed a selective antimitotic mechanism of action of podophyllic aldehyde in the HT-29 cell line, in contrast with other solid and hematological tumor lines. Also, the apoptotic profile of podophyllic aldehyde was deciphered. The cell death mechanism is activated independently of the cell cycle profile. The results of these targeted analyses have also shown a significant response to the signaling of kinases, key proteins involved in signaling cascades for cell proliferation or metastasis. Thanks to this comprehensive analysis of podophyllic aldehyde, remarkable cytotoxic, antimitotic, and other antitumoral features have been discovered that will repurpose this compound for further chemical transformations and antitumoral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela-Patricia Hernández
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), IBSAL, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.C.-G.); (O.G.-S.); (C.A.-H.); (P.J.-V.); (M.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.A.G.); (M.Á.C.)
| | - Lorea Chaparro-González
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), IBSAL, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.C.-G.); (O.G.-S.); (C.A.-H.); (P.J.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - Olga Garzo-Sánchez
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), IBSAL, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.C.-G.); (O.G.-S.); (C.A.-H.); (P.J.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - Carlota Arias-Hidalgo
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), IBSAL, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.C.-G.); (O.G.-S.); (C.A.-H.); (P.J.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - Pablo Juanes-Velasco
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), IBSAL, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.C.-G.); (O.G.-S.); (C.A.-H.); (P.J.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - Pablo A. García
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.A.G.); (M.Á.C.)
| | - Mª Ángeles Castro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.A.G.); (M.Á.C.)
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Department of Medicine and General Cytometry Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), IBSAL, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.C.-G.); (O.G.-S.); (C.A.-H.); (P.J.-V.); (M.F.)
- Proteomics Unit, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Marine Natural Products in Clinical Use. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080528. [PMID: 36005531 PMCID: PMC9410185 DOI: 10.3390/md20080528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine natural products are potent and promising sources of drugs among other natural products of plant, animal, and microbial origin. To date, 20 drugs from marine sources are in clinical use. Most approved marine compounds are antineoplastic, but some are also used for chronic neuropathic pain, for heparin overdosage, as haptens and vaccine carriers, and for omega-3 fatty-acid supplementation in the diet. Marine drugs have diverse structural characteristics and mechanisms of action. A considerable increase in the number of marine drugs approved for clinical use has occurred in the past few decades, which may be attributed to increasing research on marine compounds in laboratories across the world. In the present manuscript, we comprehensively studied all marine drugs that have been successfully used in the clinic. Researchers and clinicians are hopeful to discover many more drugs, as a large number of marine natural compounds are being investigated in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Ren AH, Diamandis EP, Kulasingam V. Uncovering the Depths of the Human Proteome: Antibody-based Technologies for Ultrasensitive Multiplexed Protein Detection and Quantification. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100155. [PMID: 34597790 PMCID: PMC9357438 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing the human proteome in tissues and biofluids such as plasma is attractive for biomarker and drug target discovery. Recent breakthroughs in multiplex, antibody-based, proteomics technologies now enable the simultaneous quantification of thousands of proteins at as low as sub fg/ml concentrations with remarkable dynamic ranges of up to 10-log. We herein provide a comprehensive guide to the methodologies, performance, technical comparisons, advantages, and disadvantages of established and emerging technologies for the multiplexed ultrasensitive measurement of proteins. Gaining holistic knowledge on these innovations is crucial for choosing the right multiplexed proteomics tool for applications at hand to critically complement traditional proteomics methods. This can bring researchers closer than ever before to elucidating the intricate inner workings and cross talk that spans multitude of proteins in disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie H Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vathany Kulasingam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
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Li N, Shen M, Xu Y. A Portable Microfluidic System for Point-of-Care Detection of Multiple Protein Biomarkers. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12040347. [PMID: 33804983 PMCID: PMC8063924 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein biomarkers are indicators of many diseases and are commonly used for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction in the clinic. The urgent need for point-of-care (POC) detection of protein biomarkers has promoted the development of automated and fully sealed immunoassay platforms. In this study, a portable microfluidic system was established for the POC detection of multiple protein biomarkers by combining a protein microarray for a multiplex immunoassay and a microfluidic cassette for reagent storage and liquid manipulation. The entire procedure for the immunoassay was automatically conducted, which included the antibody–antigen reaction, washing and detection. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carcinoma antigen 125 (CA125) were simultaneously detected in this system within 40 min with limits of detection of 0.303 ng/mL, 1.870 ng/mL, and 18.617 U/mL, respectively. Five clinical samples were collected and tested, and the results show good correlations compared to those measured by the commercial instrument in the hospital. The immunoassay cassette system can function as a versatile platform for the rapid and sensitive multiplexed detection of biomarkers; therefore, it has great potential for POC diagnostics.
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Waltari E, Carabajal E, Sanyal M, Friedland N, McCutcheon KM. Adaption of a conventional ELISA to a 96-well ELISA-Array for measuring the antibody responses to influenza virus proteins and vaccines. J Immunol Methods 2020; 481-482:112789. [PMID: 32380014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe an adaptation of conventional ELISA methods to an ELISA-Array format using non-contact Piezo printing of up to 30 spots of purified recombinant viral fusion proteins and vaccine on 96 well high-protein binding plates. Antigens were printed in 1 nanoliter volumes of protein stabilizing buffer using as little as 0.25 nanograms of protein, 2000-fold less than conventional ELISA. The performance of the ELISA-Array was demonstrated by serially diluting n = 9 human post-flu vaccination plasma samples starting at a 1/1000 dilution and measuring binding to the array of Influenza antigens. Plasma polyclonal antibody levels were detected using a cocktail of biotinylated anti-human kappa and lambda light chain antibodies, followed by a Streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate and the dose-dependent signal was developed with a precipitable TMB substrate. Intra- and inter-assay precision of absorbance units among the eight donor samples showed mean CVs of 4.8% and 10.8%, respectively. The plasma could be differentiated by donor and antigen with titer sensitivities ranging from 1 × 103 to 4 × 106, IC50 values from 1 × 104 to 9 × 106, and monoclonal antibody sensitivities in the ng/mL range. Equivalent sensitivities of ELISA versus ELISA-Array, compared using plasma and an H1N1 HA trimer, were achieved on the ELISA-Array printed at 0.25 ng per 200um spot and 1000 ng per ELISA 96-well. Vacuum-sealed array plates were shown to be stable when stored for at least 2 days at ambient temperature and up to 1 month at 4-8 °C. By the use of any set of printed antigens and analyte matrices the methods of this multiplexed ELISA-Array format can be broadly applied in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mrinmoy Sanyal
- Stanford ChEM-H and Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Friedland
- Stanford ChEM-H and Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Corfield AP. The Interaction of the Gut Microbiota with the Mucus Barrier in Health and Disease in Human. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6030078. [PMID: 30072673 PMCID: PMC6163557 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoproteins are major players in the mucus protective barrier in the gastrointestinal and other mucosal surfaces. In particular the mucus glycoproteins, or mucins, are responsible for the protective gel barrier. They are characterized by their high carbohydrate content, present in their variable number, tandem repeat domains. Throughout evolution the mucins have been maintained as integral components of the mucosal barrier, emphasizing their essential biological status. The glycosylation of the mucins is achieved through a series of biosynthetic pathways processes, which generate the wide range of glycans found in these molecules. Thus mucins are decorated with molecules having information in the form of a glycocode. The enteric microbiota interacts with the mucosal mucus barrier in a variety of ways in order to fulfill its many normal processes. How bacteria read the glycocode and link to normal and pathological processes is outlined in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Corfield
- Mucin Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Level 7, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
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